JP3802674B2 - One way clutch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a one-way clutch particularly suitable for an automatic transmission of an automobile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In particular, one-way clutches for automatic transmissions of automobiles are actively used with the spread of automatic transmission type automobiles.
[0003]
However, in this type of conventional one-way clutch, the inner member is disposed between the inner member and the outer ring having the same center as the inner member, and takes a torque transmitting position and a torque non-transmitting position. The cylindrical roller, which is a torque transmission member that makes the rotation or rotation relative to each other, is held together with a biasing member in a cage made of a metal plate, and the cage is axially attached to the outer ring. The two side plates are clamped and fixed in the circumferential direction via block bearings.
[0004]
More specifically, this metal plate retainer in the prior art includes first and second annular side portions that extend radially on both sides in the axial direction, and a column that connects between the first and second annular side portions. And a biasing member for biasing the roller and the roller to a torque transmitting position is fitted into a hole portion formed between the first and second annular side portions and the column portion, Further, a block bearing for positioning the retainer in the circumferential direction with respect to the outer ring is fitted. The axial positioning of the cage with respect to the outer ring is performed by the first and second annular side portions sandwiching the outer ring from both sides.
[0005]
In such a conventional technique, an accordion-shaped leaf spring is known as the urging member, and the roller is held by pressing the roller against the roller support portion of the column portion of the cage with this leaf spring.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the structure of the prior art, when the inner ring or the outer ring rotates in the idling direction, that is, in the torque non-transmission direction, excessive drag torque acts on the torque transmission member, that is, causes drag of the so-called torque transmission member. There was a problem.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a one-way clutch in which the drag of a torque transmission member, which has been a problem in the past, is reduced as much as possible.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A one-way clutch according to the present invention is arranged between an inner member, an outer ring that is concentric with the inner member, has a predetermined number of cam surfaces on the inner periphery, and between the inner member and the outer ring, and transmits torque on the outer ring cam surface. A torque transmitting member that is displaced between the position and the torque non-transmitting position;
A biasing member that biases the torque transmission member to the torque transmission position until a predetermined torque is applied;
It comprises a cage that holds the torque transmitting member and the biasing member, and the outer ring has a groove extending in the axial direction at a predetermined position on the inner peripheral side,
Corresponding to the groove, a one-way clutch comprising a block bearing which is fitted into the groove through a hole provided in the cage and is configured to position the cage in the circumferential direction. A first annular side and a second annular side;
A column portion connecting the first annular side portion and the second annular side portion in the axial direction;
The pillar portion, together with the first and second annular side portions, defines the hole for mounting the block bearing corresponding to the groove of the outer ring,
The retainer defines a second hole for holding the torque transmitting member and the biasing member with the first and second annular side portions and the pillar,
In the predetermined one of the pillars of the cage, at least two radial protrusions for supporting the biasing member are formed in the circumferential direction for each biasing member,
The radial protrusion is formed to be inclined in the circumferential direction, and the urging member is wound around one of the radial protrusions and sandwiched between the protrusions and fixed to the other one. It has a clip-like part and a tongue-like part which adjusts urging | biasing by engaging with said one of the said radial direction protrusion parts, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 illustrate a one-way clutch as an embodiment of the present invention, and an outer ring / retainer assembly that is concentric with the inner member 1 around an inner member 1 that is an inner ring. 2 is fitted. The outer periphery of the inner member 1 is a circumferential raceway surface.
[0010]
The outer ring / retainer assembly 2 includes an outer ring 3, a retainer 4, a roller 5 as a torque transmission member held by the retainer 4, and a roller 5 that is in contact with and presses the roller 5. It is comprised from the leaf | plate spring 6 as a urging member. Further, as will be described later, the cage 4 is held without play in the circumferential direction with respect to the outer ring via the block bearing 7.
[0011]
The outer ring 3 is a metal such as a press-formed product or a sintered alloy, and an inner peripheral surface thereof is provided with a groove 31 extending in the axial direction at a predetermined angle along the basic circle. A predetermined number of cam surfaces 32 are formed between the grooves on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. The cam surface 32 is a smoothly inclined surface that forms a deep cam surface portion 32a having a large interval with the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 1 and a shallow cam surface portion 32b having a small interval.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 3B, an annular step portion 33 having a diameter somewhat larger than the base circle is formed on one side surface on the inner peripheral side of the outer ring.
[0013]
The outer diameter of the first annular side portion 41 of the cage 4 is at least larger than the diameter of the base circle of the outer ring, and when the cage 4 is assembled to the outer ring 3 as will be described later, The diameter is sufficient to contact the side.
[0014]
The outer diameter of the second annular side portion 42 of the cage 4 is made smaller than the basic circle of the outer ring 3 except for the radial protrusion 43. The radial protrusions 43 are provided at the same angular arrangement as the above-described axial groove 31 of the outer ring 3, and these radial protrusions 43.
Is smaller than the diameter of the groove bottom of the axial groove 31.
[0015]
The cage 4 is formed as an integrally molded product made of plastic. As clearly shown in FIG. 4B, the first annular side portion 41 having a large diameter, the second annular side portion 42 having a small diameter, and the first The first and second annular side portions 41, 42 are integrally formed with three types of column portions 46, 47, 48 that connect the inner peripheral side in the axial direction. The column part 46 includes two radial protrusions 46a and 46b, and the column part 47 includes three radial protrusions 47a, 47b and 47d.
[0016]
Between the pillar portions 47 and 48 of the retainer 4, a first hole 44 is formed that penetrates in the radial direction at the same angular arrangement as the axial groove portion 31 of the outer ring 3. The circumferential width of the first hole 44 is larger than the circumferential width of the groove 31 of the outer ring. When the cage 4 is assembled at a predetermined position in the outer ring 3, the block bearing is passed through the first hole 44 from the inside of the cage. 7 and the head 71 of the block bearing 7 is fitted into the groove 31 of the outer ring so that the retainer 4 can be positioned with respect to the outer ring 3 in the circumferential direction.
[0017]
The block bearing 7 is made of a sintered alloy as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 4-1403, and has a hole 72 in the axial direction. Since the cage 4 is made of plastic, the first hole 44 is formed with a circumferential width smaller than the circumferential width of the body 73 of the block bearing 7 and is pushed in using the elasticity of plastic. . One shoulder of the block bearing 7 is pressed against the protrusion 47d of the cage as will be described later, and there is no play or play, and the cage 4 can be reliably positioned in the circumferential direction with respect to the outer ring 3.
[0018]
Second holes 45a, 45b and 45c are formed between the pillar portions 46 and 46 of the retainer 4, 46 and 47, and 48 and 46, respectively, and these second holes 45a are formed. 45b and 45c have the same size and face the corresponding cam surface 32 of the outer ring when the retainer 4 is positioned in the outer ring 3.
[0019]
In each of the second holes 45a, 45b and 45c, a roller 5 which is a torque transmitting member and a leaf spring 6 for urging the roller 5 are arranged. That is, the roller 5 is disposed in the second holes 45a, 45b, and 45c, and the roller 5 is shallower by the biasing member 6 that is also disposed in contact with and adjacent to the second holes 45a, 45b, and 45c. The cam surface portion 32b is biased.
[0020]
Of the columns 46 and 48 that define one side of the second holes 45a, 45b, and 45c (the left side in FIG. 4A), the portion facing the cylindrical roller 5 corresponds to the cylindrical shape of the roller. Thus, the recesses 46c and 48c are formed.
[0021]
Further, the end portion of the leaf spring 6 that contacts the roller 5 is also formed with a recessed portion 61 in accordance with the cylindrical shape of the roller 5. By holding the roller 5 so as to be held from both sides in the circumferential direction as described above, the roller 5 can be held with a smaller biasing force, and so-called drag of the roller 5 can be reduced.
[0022]
The two protrusions 46a, 46b and 47a, 47b that support the corresponding leaf springs 6 in the second holes 45a, 45b, and 45c are inclined as shown in FIG.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 5, the base portion 62 of the leaf spring 6 is folded and pinched on the inner diameter side so that one protrusion 46a or 48a of the pillar 46 or 47 is wound from the outer diameter side, and is folded outward on the inner diameter base side. Thus, the folded portion 63 is formed, and the folded portion 63 is supported by the column portion 46 or 47 as a clip-like portion pressed so that the other protruding portion 46b or 47b is pinched. In FIG. 5, the accordion-shaped leaf spring main body 64 is broken for convenience of illustration.
[0024]
A connecting portion 65 of the leaf spring base 62 to the corrugated or accordion-like leaf spring body 64 is partially cut out at the center in the axial direction and folded back to form a tongue-like portion 66, and one protruding portion 46b or 47b. It forms a pulling part that is pinched by. The degree and direction of urging the roller 5 can be adjusted by the support of the folded-back part 63 and the tension of the tongue-like part 66, and a stable urging force can be applied to the roller 5 as a torque transmission member. FIG. 11 shows a change in the pressing direction of the leaf spring by changing the inclination of the tongue 66.
[0025]
Further, since the radial protrusions 46a, 46b; 47a, 47b, 47d; and 48a, 48b are formed to be inclined in the same direction, the shape of the cage molding die can be simplified, and the cage 4 can be molded. Can be done easily. In other words, the die can be punched diagonally, and can be formed without forcibly removing the recesses 46c and 48c for holding the roller at the tip of the die.
[0026]
Next, how to assemble the outer ring / retainer assembly will be described.
[0027]
First, a leaf spring 6 and a roller 5 are assembled to a cage 4 made by integral injection molding with plastic to produce a cage / roller assembly.
[0028]
Next, the cage / roller assembly is inserted into the outer ring 3 from the side. In the insertion, the axial protrusion 31 of the cage 4 is made to correspond to the axial groove 31 on the inner peripheral side of the outer ring. The roller 5 is set so that the roller 5 comes to the cam surface 32 of the outer ring while the radial protrusion 43 of the cage 4 is fitted in the axial groove 31 of the outer ring 3. Assembly to the outer ring is easy. When the retainer 4 is rotated with respect to the outer ring 3 by a predetermined angle after insertion, the radial protrusion 43 of the retainer 4 faces and engages with the step portion 33 of the outer ring 3, so that the retainer / roller assembly is Positioned in the axial direction with respect to the outer ring 3. Moreover, since the radial direction protrusion part 43 of a holder | retainer exists in the step part 33, the side surface of an outer ring | wheel and the side surface of a holder | retainer are made flush.
[0029]
At this time, since the relationship between the cage 4 and the outer ring 3 is a predetermined positional relationship, the block bearing 7 is then inserted from the inner diameter side of the cage 4 through the first hole 44, and its head 71 Is inserted into the axial groove 31 of the outer ring 3 as described above, and the cage 4 is positioned and fixed in the circumferential direction.
[0030]
In this way, the outer ring / retainer assembly 2 is completed, and the inner member 1 is fitted together to complete the one-way clutch.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the drag torque with respect to the torque transmission member which generate | occur | produces when an inner ring | wheel or an outer ring | wheel rotates to an idling direction, ie, a torque non-transmission direction, ie, what is called a drag of a torque transmission member, can be minimized.
[0032]
According to the present invention, the retaining property of the torque transmission member is improved, and the pressing force of the spring against the torque transmission member can be minimized.
[0033]
Further, according to the present invention, the torque transmission member can be easily adjusted and set in the pressing direction of the torque transmission member by providing the torque transmission member with a tongue-like portion and pressing it against the cage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a one-way clutch with a part cut away as a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic views of an outer ring according to the embodiment, where FIG. 3A is a front view, and FIG. 3B is a 3B-3B cross-sectional view.
4 is a schematic view of the cage according to the embodiment, (a) a front view showing the upper half of the cage as seen from the opposite side in the axial direction of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B-4B cross-sectional view of (), (c) is a partially enlarged view of the cage.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a cage and a leaf spring in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing only a spring portion in the embodiment.
7 is a 6C arrow view showing a part of the leaf spring shown in FIG. 6. FIG.
8 is a 6D arrow view of the leaf spring shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a leaf spring and a cage pillar portion that supports the leaf spring.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a state where a roller is inserted in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the pressing force direction is changed by changing the setting of the tongue-shaped portion of the leaf spring.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Inner member 2 Outer ring / retainer assembly 3 Outer ring 4 Retainer 5 Torque transmission member (roller)
6 Biasing member (leaf spring)
7 Block bearing 31 Axial groove (groove extending in the axial direction)
32 cam surface 32a deep cam surface portion 32b shallow cam surface portion 33 annular step portion 41 first annular side portion 42 second annular side portion 43 radial protrusion 44 first holes 45a, 45b, 45c second hole 46, 47, 48 Columns 46a, 46b; 47a, 47b Radial protrusions 46c, 48c for supporting biasing members Recessed part 47d Radial protrusions 61 for block bearing support Recessed part 62 Leaf spring base 63 Folded part (clip) Part)
64 Accordion leaf spring body 65 Connection portion 66 Tongue 71 Head 72 Hole 73 Body

Claims (5)

An inner member;
An outer ring that is concentric with the inner member and has a predetermined number of cam surfaces on the inner periphery;
A torque transmission member disposed between the inner member and the outer ring and displaced between a torque transmission position and a torque non-transmission position of the outer ring cam surface;
A biasing member that biases the torque transmission member to the torque transmission position until a predetermined torque is applied;
A cage for holding the torque transmission member and the biasing member;
The outer ring is formed with a groove extending in the axial direction at a predetermined position on the inner peripheral side,
Corresponding to the groove, it comprises a block bearing that is fitted into the groove through a hole provided in the cage and is configured to position the cage in the circumferential direction.
The retainer includes a first annular side portion, a second annular side portion, and a column portion that connects the first annular side portion and the second annular side portion in the axial direction,
The pillar portion, together with the first and second annular side portions, defines the hole for mounting the block bearing corresponding to the groove of the outer ring,
In the one-way clutch, the retainer defines a second hole for holding the torque transmission member and the biasing member by the first and second annular side portions and the pillar.
In the predetermined one of the pillars of the cage, at least two radial protrusions for supporting the biasing member are formed in the circumferential direction for each biasing member,
The radial projecting portion is formed to be inclined in the circumferential direction, and the biasing member is wound around one of the radial projecting portions, sandwiched between the projecting portions, and fixed to the other one. A one-way clutch characterized by having a clip portion and a tongue-like portion that engages with the one of the radially projecting portions to adjust the bias. The biasing member is a leaf spring, the torque transmission member is a roller, the leaf spring is folded back in an accordion shape from the base of the tongue-like portion, and the tip portion contacts the roller, and the roller The one-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the one-way clutch is biased. The one-way clutch according to claim 2, wherein the tip end portion of the leaf spring has a recessed portion that matches the shape of the roller. 4. The one-way clutch according to claim 2, wherein one of the pillars facing the roller is formed with a recessed portion shaped to embrace the roller in accordance with the shape of the roller. The one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cage is an integrally molded product made of plastic.

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