JP3782539B2 - Airtight structure of building, airtight structure material, and method of airtight structure of building - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hermetic structure of a building that can effectively prevent inflow of air between a floor beam and a floor board of a building or between floor beams, a hermetic structure material used for the hermetic structure, and a hermetic structure of a building It relates to the conversion method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a building by a so-called unit method in which a box-shaped building unit is manufactured at a factory and a plurality of building units are assembled at a construction site has been widely used.
[0003]
In such a building, it is one problem to ensure airtightness between floor beams and floorboards or between floor beams.
As shown in FIG. 6, the floor structure of the floor portion and the wall portion of the conventional building unit is composed of a floor beam 21, a floor joist 22, and a floor plate 23. In this configuration, since the floor joists 22 are arranged at intervals, there is a gap between the floor beam 21 and the floor board 23, and the outdoor cold air is routed between the outer wall 24 and the inner wall 25 by the arrow Q. It is easy to intrude.
[0004]
As a structure for preventing the conventional cold air intrusion, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-48918 proposes a “building unit seal structure”. 7 and 8 show the seal structure of this building unit. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of the floor portion of the seal structure. In FIG. 7, 31 is a floor joist, 32 is a floor plate attached to the floor joist 31, 33 is a stud floor beam, 34 is a stud (spacer) erected on the tread floor beam 33, and 35 and 36 are floor joists 31. This is a long flat wooden seal member provided between the end floor beam 33 and the floor joist 31 is nailed on the end floor beam 33.
[0005]
8 is a perspective view of the seal member shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, 37 is a notch for the stud 34 provided in the seal members 35 and 36, 38 is a floor plate contact surface of the seal member 35, 39 is a floor joist contact surface of the seal member 35, and 40 is a seal member 36. Reference numeral 41 denotes a floor beam contact surface, and reference numeral 41 denotes a floor joist contact surface of the seal member 36.
[0006]
In order to seal the gap between the floor plate 32 and the end floor beam 33 using the seal members 35 and 36, the notch 37 of the seal members 35 and 36 is inserted into the stud 34, The sealing members 35 and 36 are formed by bringing the contact surface 40 into contact with the floor beam 33, the floor joist contact surface 41 into the side surface of the floor joist 31, and the floor joist contact surface 39 of the seal member 35 into contact with the upper surface of the floor joist 31. Is nailed to floor joist 31. Next, the side surface of the floor plate 32 is brought into contact with the floor plate contact surface 38 of the seal member 35 to fix the floor plate 32. Thereby, the clearance gap between the floor board 32 and the end floor beam 33 is sealed, and the inflow / outflow of the air from the arrow R direction of a floor surface is prevented.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the sealing structure of the building unit described above, the airtightness between the floor and the wall of the building unit is ensured, but a dedicated part having a complicated shape for preventing a gap is required. Moreover, the airtight structure between the floor beams of adjacent building units is not considered, and outdoor cold air cannot be prevented from flowing from the gap between the floor beams.
[0008]
In view of the above points, the present invention is used for a hermetic structure of a building that can effectively prevent inflow of air between floor beams of a building or between a floor beam and a floor board with a simple structure, and the air-tight structure thereof. It is an object of the present invention to provide an airtight structure material and a method for airtight structure building.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The airtight structure of a building according to claim 1 is a unit building in which a building unit having a floor portion constituted by floor beams and floorboards is assembled with the floor beams facing each other, and the floor portion of the building unit from the upper surface of the floorboard. An airtight film reaching the outer surface of the floor beam is provided, and an adhesive layer for adhering the end portion to the outer surface of the floor beam is provided at an end portion of the airtight film , and the opposite floor beam The seal member is sandwiched between the two.
[0010]
The airtight structure of a building according to claim 2 is the airtight structure of the building according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member that hermetically seals the gap facing the floor beam is a foam having delayed shape recovery. It is characterized by that.
[0011]
The airtight structuring method for a building according to claim 3 is a method for airtight structuring of a building having a floor portion composed of floor beams and floorboards, and before the floor portion is transported to a construction site, the floor portion. An airtight film is provided from the upper surface of the floor plate to the outer surface of the floor beam, and the end portion of the airtight film is adhered to the outer surface of the floor beam by an adhesive layer provided at the end portion of the airtight film. A foam having delayed shape recovery is interposed in the gap facing the beam, and the shape of the foam is recovered to fill the gap facing the floor beam .
[0013]
When the airtight film is a polyethylene film, the airtightness is excellent and the airtight film can be easily attached.
[0014]
In the first aspect of the present invention, examples of the sealing member include sheets of elastic rubber, synthetic resin, synthetic resin foam, and the like. A particularly preferred sealing member is a foam having delayed shape recovery.
The foam having delayed shape recovery is an initially closed cell foam in which the shape is initially contracted, and the shape gradually recovers to the thickness of the original raw material foam before contraction. Say.
[0015]
As such a foam, for example, the applicant is applying for a foam as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-299654, that is, an independent foam having shape recoverability at room temperature, A foam that shrinks with a strain width in the elastic deformation region and can recover its shape in the thickness direction, and a foam as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-7244, also filed by the applicant, that is, a raw material Examples include foams with delayed shape recovery that can be obtained by drilling an air passage that reaches from the foam surface to the desired closed cells inside and contracting it with a strain width in the elastic deformation region. . In particular, a foam that can be recovered in a thickness of about 2 to 6 times in a few days to a few tens of days at normal temperature and pressure is preferably used.
[0016]
[Action]
According to the airtight structure of the building according to claim 1, since the airtight film extending from the floor upper surface to the outer surface of the floor beam is provided, the airtightness between the floor beam and the floorboard can be improved, and the adjacent building Since the seal member is sandwiched between the floor beams of the unit, the airtightness between the floor beams can be improved. Therefore, intrusion of cold air outdoors can be prevented.
[0017]
In addition, since an adhesive layer for adhering the end to the outer surface of the floor beam is provided at the end of the airtight film , it is easy to attach the airtight film to the floor beam, and An airtight film can be attached in advance to the floor beam, reducing the number of on-site work steps.
[0018]
According to the airtight structure of a building according to claim 2 , since the same effect as the airtight structure of the building according to claim 1 is achieved, the sealing member is a foamed foam having delayed shape recovery. Even if it is attached to the floor beam in advance, it can be transported and assembled while the foam remains thin, so it will not hinder the transportation and assembly, and after that the shape will recover and fill the space facing the floor beam. Can keep sex.
[0019]
According to the airtight structuring method for a building according to claim 3 , the airtight film is provided on the floor portion of the building having the floor portion constituted by the floor beam and the floorboard from the upper surface of the floorboard to the outer surface of the floorbeam. While effectively preventing the inflow of air from between the floor beam and the floor board, a foam having delayed shape recovery as a seal member is interposed in the gap facing the floor beam, and the shape of this foam is reduced. Since the gap facing the floor beam is filled, it is possible to eliminate the need to install a seal member on the construction site, such as pre-installing foam on the surface that forms the floor beam gap. Work can be reduced and the gap facing the floor beam can be made airtight.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an example in which the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a unit building will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0021]
1 is a layout diagram of a unit building on the first floor, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is sectional drawing.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the building unit has a floor portion composed of a floor beam 1, a floor joist 2 and a floor board 3, and as shown in FIG. 1, the six building units A <b> 1. -A6 is assembled adjacent to each other to form the first floor portion of the unit building.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, the joints between the wives of building units A1 and A2 shall be placed and fixed on foundation B with the floor beams 1 and 1 on the wives of building units A1 and A2 facing each other. Made by. The gap between the floor beams 1 and 1 is approximately 20 mm.
And in the floor part of each building unit A1, A2, the airtight process is given by extending the airtight film 13 from the upper surface of the floor board 3 to the outer surface of the floor beam 1. As shown in FIG. Further, the seal member 11 is sandwiched between the floor beams 1 and 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes an inner wall.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 3, the joints between the beam sides of the building units A1 and A3 shall be placed and fixed on the foundation B with the floor beams 1 and 1 on the beam side of the building units A1 and A3 facing each other. Made by. The gap between the floor beams 1 and 1 is approximately 20 mm.
And also in the floor part of each building unit A1, A3, the airtight film 13 is stretched similarly to the joint part of the wives side of said building unit A1, A2. Further, the seal member 11 is sandwiched between the floor beams 1 and 1. In addition, in this joint part, a bathroom unit is installed in one building unit A1, and it is set as a bathroom, and does not have an inner wall.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 4, the airtight structuring method in the outer wall portion of the unit building is such that the seal member 11 a is sandwiched in the gap between the floor beam 1 and the outer wall at the lower end portion of the outer wall 4 to close the gap. Further, a glass wool heat insulating material 12 is loaded between the outer wall 4 and the inner wall 5 and below the floor joists 2. In addition, an airtight film is installed in order to achieve airtightness between the floor beam and the floor board.
[0026]
Two airtight films are set. One is an airtight film 13 from the upper surface of the floor plate 3 to the outer surface of the floor beam 1 through the lower portion of the inner wall 5, and the other is the upper surface of the floor plate 3 from the upper surface of the inner wall 5. It is an airtight film 13a that reaches the upper side of the side surface of the inner wall 5 through the lower part.
[0027]
In these embodiments, a polyethylene film having a thickness of 0.1 mm is used as the airtight films 13 and 13a.
And in tensioning | tightening said airtight film 13, the double-sided adhesive tape 15 which provided the adhesive layer on both surfaces of the base materials which consist of foams, such as a polyolefin foam, was affixed beforehand to the one end part of the airtight film 13. Adhering the adhesive surface of the surface to the outer surface of the floor beam 1 of the building unit manufactured in the factory, rolling it up on the floor board 3, carrying it to the construction site, and assembling the building unit The other end of the airtight film 13 is preferably fixed to the floor board 3 with an adhesive tape 14 or the like.
[0028]
Further, as the sealing members 11 and 11 a sandwiched between the floor beams 1 and 1 and between the floor beam 1 and the lower end of the outer wall 4, a foam having delayed shape recoverability is used. That is, a raw material foam (olefin resin closed cell foam, expansion ratio 20 to 50 times) is perforated with a needle having a diameter of 500 μm from the surface to a desired closed cell inside (passage density 1 to 15). Hole / cm ² ), and a foam obtained by compressing this to about 1/2 to 1/5 of the strain width in the elastic deformation region is used. The foam having this delayed shape recoverability recovers its thickness to about 2 to 5 times in several days to several tens of days under normal temperature and normal pressure. For example, a foam having a thickness of 5 mm and a thickness of more than 20 mm after shape recovery is used.
And this foam is affixed and used for the outer surface of the floor beam 1 of any one of one building unit A1 and A2.
[0029]
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state of installation of the airtight film 13 on the end face side A and the spar face side B of the building unit with the building unit column 8 interposed therebetween. The airtight film 13 in FIG. 5 is indicated by a dotted oblique line, and is installed from the floor board 3 to the outside of the end face side A and the girder face side B of the floor beam 1 so as to cover the floor joists 2 on the entire circumference. The outer end of the airtight film 13 is installed so as to be located approximately 60 mm above the lower end of the floor beam 1.
[0030]
Since the airtight film 13 is installed in the above configuration, a high indoor airtightness is configured. Thus, outdoor cold air is prevented from entering. Dedicated parts are not required, and it can be configured only with general airtight films and adhesive tapes. The hermetic layer continues in the inter-column portion.
Moreover, since the sealing member 11 is sandwiched between the floor beams 1 and 1, the airtightness of the seam between adjacent building units can be improved. Therefore, intrusion of cold air outdoors can be prevented.
[0031]
The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
Since the airtight structure of the unit building according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided with an airtight film from the upper surface of the floor board to the outer surface of the floor beam via the lower part of the inner wall, the airtightness between the floor beam and the floor board is Enhanced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent outdoor cold air from entering. Moreover, it is comprised only with a general airtight film and an adhesive tape, and exclusive parts are unnecessary. At the same time, since the seal member is sandwiched between the floor beams of the adjacent building units, it is possible to prevent cold air from entering from the gap between the floor beams of the adjacent building units.
[0033]
Moreover, since the adhesive layer for sticking this edge part to the outer surface of a floor beam is provided in the edge part of an airtight film , an airtight film can be previously stuck to the outer surface of a floor beam. In addition, it is easy to stretch an airtight film from the upper surface of the floor board to the lower part of the inner wall, reducing the number of man-hours for field work.
[0034]
The airtight structure of the unit building of the invention described in claim 2 is an air bubble foam having a shape recovery property in which the sealing member is delayed in addition to the same effect as the airtight structure of the building described in claim 1 above. Therefore, even if it is attached to the floor beam in advance, it can be transported / assembled with the foam still thin, and it will not obstruct transportation / assembly, and then the shape will recover and fill the space facing the floor beam. Intrusion of cold air from the gap between floor beams of adjacent building units can be prevented.
[0035]
According to the airtight structuring method for a building according to claim 3 , the airtight film is provided on the floor portion of the building having the floor portion constituted by the floor beam and the floorboard from the upper surface of the floorboard to the outer surface of the floorbeam. While effectively preventing the inflow of air from between the floor beam and the floor board, a foam having delayed shape recovery as a seal member is interposed in the gap facing the floor beam, and the shape of this foam is reduced. Since the gap facing the floor beam is filled, it is possible to eliminate the need to install a seal member on the construction site, such as pre-installing foam on the surface that forms the floor beam gap. Work can be reduced and the gap facing the floor beam can be made airtight.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of arrangement of building units.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state of installation of an airtight film on the end face side and the girder side of the building unit.
6 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a floor portion and a wall portion in Conventional Example 1. FIG.
7 is a perspective view showing a floor portion of a seal structure of a building unit of Conventional Example 2. FIG.
8 is a perspective view of the seal member shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floor beam 2 Floor joist 3 Floor board 4 Outer wall 5 Inner wall 11 Seal member (foam which has delayed shape recovery property)
13 Airtight films 14, 15 Adhesive tapes A1 to A6 Building unit

Claims (3)

In a unit building in which a building unit having a floor composed of floor beams and floorboards is assembled with the floor beams facing each other, an airtight film is provided on the floor of the building unit from the upper surface of the floorboard to the outer surface of the floor beams. An adhesive layer for adhering the end to the outer surface of the floor beam is provided at the end of the airtight film , and a sealing member is sandwiched between the facing floor beams. The airtight structure of the building. The airtight structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member that hermetically seals the gap facing the floor beam is a foam having delayed shape recovery. An airtight structuring method for a building having a floor portion constituted by a floor beam and a floorboard, wherein an airtight film is provided on the floor portion from the upper surface of the floorboard to the outer surface of the floor beam before the floor portion is transported to a construction site. Along with the adhesive layer provided at the end of the hermetic film, the end of the hermetic film is adhered to the outer surface of the floor beam and has a shape recovery property delayed by a gap facing the floor beam. An airtight structuring method for a building, characterized by interposing a foam and recovering the shape of the foam to fill a gap facing a floor beam.

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