JP2004076315A - Air-tight structure between structural member and heat insulating material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To hold air-tightness by connecting between a structural member constituting a skeleton and a heat insulating material without being required for an air-tight tape or the heat insulating material foaming at a field even though a space is narrow or a place hard to carry out work when an air-tight layer of a house is formed. <P>SOLUTION: Sides 1a and 1b of a column 1 as the structural member constituting the skeleton of the house, packing materials 5 having elasticity and having air-tightness are fixed to positions opposed to the heat insulating materials 4 having the air-tightness, and the continued air-tight layer is formed by press contacting header surfaces 4a of the heat insulating materials 4 to packing materials 5. When an earthquake resisting element 6 is provided between the columns 1 adjacent to each other, the air-tight layer is advantageous when the heat insulating materials 4 are arranged between the earthquake resisting element 6 and an ALC panel 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structural member constituting a skeleton of a house, and an airtight structure that is advantageous when connecting an airtight heat insulating material arranged to face the structural member while maintaining the airtightness. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a house, an airtight layer is generally formed on the indoor side along the outer wall of the building. In particular, in a house having a steel frame, a space formed between the pillars and beams constituting the frame, and after the indoor surface including these columns and beams is filled with a heat insulating material, a polyethylene sheet or the like is formed. By covering with an airtight sheet, a heat insulating layer and an airtight layer are formed. In this airtight structure, a plurality of wooden bases are provided at predetermined intervals in a space formed between the pillar and the beam, and an airtight sheet is attached to the base using nails, staples, or the like. Therefore, there are some problems such as a long construction period.
[0003]
In order to ensure the insulation and airtight performance of the house, an airtight heat insulating material is arranged indoors along the outer wall to form an airtight layer, and further along the indoor surface of the heat insulating material. The inner wall may be constructed. In such a house, it is possible to improve livability and realize energy saving. When an airtight layer is formed along the outer wall using such an airtight heat insulating material, it is advantageous to use structural members such as columns and beams constituting the skeleton as components.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, when forming an airtight layer using a pillar as a structural member, the end face (small face) of the heat insulating material is brought close to or in contact with the side face of the pillar, and in this state, the side face of the pillar and the surface of the heat insulating material are brought into contact. By connecting while maintaining airtightness, the airtight column and the heat insulating material can be connected.
[0005]
The present inventor has developed several methods as a means for connecting a structural member and a heat insulating material while maintaining airtightness. As one of the methods, there is a method of using an airtight tape in which an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to one surface of a metal film or a synthetic resin film having airtightness.
[0006]
However, when other functional members, for example, seismic elements such as braces and braces are attached to the structural members that make up the skeleton, such as braces and braces, the effective area of the side surfaces of the columns decreases, and There is a problem that the airtight tape cannot be applied to the connection portion between the two when the heat insulating material is brought close to or in contact with the heat insulating material. For this reason, the heat-insulating material is placed closer to the indoor side than the seismic element, and the airtight tape is applied. However, the base of the inner wall (for example, a wooden base panel) is further shifted to the indoor side by the thickness of the heat-insulating material. And it is difficult to apply the underlayer.
[0007]
Further, depending on the cross-sectional shape of the structural member (for example, a groove-shaped cross section), it may not be possible to apply the airtight tape to the contact portion between the structural member and the heat insulating material. In this case, a urethane-based heat-insulating material foamed on site is blown into the contact portion between the structural member and the heat-insulating material to connect them, but there is a problem that gas is generated at the time of construction, and the construction is difficult and disassembly is difficult. .
[0008]
In addition, if a packing material is attached to the small surface of the heat insulating material in advance, it is necessary to attach the packing material to the heat insulating material at a factory stage. It is necessary to consider the adhesive properties and the model is limited.In addition, when attaching to the skeleton at the site, the heat insulating material with the packing material cannot be processed to cut the packing material. In addition, there is a problem that the processing accuracy of the heat insulating material needs to be extremely improved.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to connect a structural member and a heat insulating material without requiring an airtight tape or an in-situ foamed heat insulating material even in a narrow place or in a place where construction is difficult. It is to provide an airtight structure with the material.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an airtight structure between a structural member and a heat insulating material according to the present invention is an airtight structure between a structural member constituting a skeleton of a house and an airtight heat insulating material arranged to face the structural member. In this structure, an elastic and airtight packing material is fixed to a position of the structural member facing the heat insulating material in advance, and the heat insulating material is pressed against the packing material.
[0011]
In the airtight structure between the structural member and the heat insulating material (hereinafter simply referred to as “airtight structure”), the elastic member is located at a position facing the heat insulating material of the structural member constituting the frame of the house in advance, that is, at a position where the heat insulating material is to be attached. Since the sealing material having airtightness is fixed, the airtightness can be maintained by pressing the end face (small face) of the heat insulating material against this packing material.
[0012]
In particular, since the packing material has elasticity, by pressing the heat insulating material against the packing material, the packing material is not deformed and a gap is formed between the packing material and the end face of the heat insulating material. Since the applied force acts on the heat insulating material, the heat insulating material can be held by this force.
[0013]
Furthermore, since the packing material has airtightness, an airtight airtight layer can be formed by connecting the heat insulating material and the structural member of the skeleton through the packing material.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of an airtight structure according to the present invention will be described. The airtight structure according to the present invention is a structural member composed of pillars and beams constituting a skeleton of a house and a heat insulating material having airtightness (hereinafter simply referred to as a heat insulating material) without using an airtight sheet or a heat insulating material formed by foaming in the field. Are connected while maintaining airtightness.
[0015]
That is, when using a structural member including columns and beams arranged along the outer wall as a part of an airtight layer formed along the outer wall, a packing material having elasticity is used as the structural member and the heat insulating material. By connecting via, the area for attaching the heat insulating material of the pillar or the beam can be reduced, and the airtightness can be maintained without using the airtight sheet or the in-situ foamed heat insulating material regardless of the cross-sectional shape. It is like that.
[0016]
In the house according to the present invention, on the indoor surface of the outer wall, an airtight layer formed by continuously forming a heat insulating material and a structural member including columns and beams constituting the skeleton along the outer wall, and on the back side of the roof. An airtight layer is formed along the roof surface by continuously forming a heat insulating material and a structural member including a beam constituting a skeleton.
[0017]
As described above, by using the structural member constituting the skeleton as a structural member for forming the airtight layer, the structural member may act as a thermal bridge and hinder the heat insulating property. It is necessary to secure.
[0018]
For example, when the structural member is a column, a heat insulating material that is sufficiently wider than the width of the column is disposed between the column and the outer wall, and the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material disposed between the columns are used. It is preferable to form a continuous heat insulating line by connecting. When the structural member is a beam, a heat insulating material is arranged along the indoor side surface of the beam, and a continuous heat insulating line is formed by connecting the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material arranged between the columns. Is preferred.
[0019]
By making the structural member and the heat insulating material constituting the skeleton continuous as described above, it is possible to realize a house having high airtightness and heat insulating property.
[0020]
In the present invention, as a structural member constituting a skeleton of a house, a member made of a steel material such as a prism made of a square pipe or a beam made of an H-shaped steel is used. In such a structural member, the structural member itself maintains a sufficiently high airtightness, and a highly reliable airtight layer is formed by connecting an airtight heat insulating material through the structural member. It is possible to do.
[0021]
The heat-insulating material having airtightness is not particularly limited to a material, and has an appropriate hardness and a sufficiently high airtightness and heat insulating property so as to be able to maintain a press-contact state for a long time against an elastic packing material. Anything can be used. As such a heat insulating material, there is a hard plastic heat insulating material including a molded article or a foam such as a rigid urethane foam, an extruded expanded polystyrene or a phenol resin foam, and any of them can be used.
[0022]
For example, in the case of rigid urethane foam or extruded expanded polystyrene, by selecting the thickness, it is possible to exhibit sufficient heat insulating performance and airtight performance as a house, and press tightly against an elastic packing material to improve airtightness. It has hardness enough to exert.
[0023]
However, rigid urethane foam has problems such as deterioration of heat insulation performance over time, flammability during fire and generation of toxic gas, and foamed polystyrene has poor chemical resistance. It also has problems of being limited and easily flammable.
[0024]
As a heat insulating material made of a phenolic resin foam, there is a technology (Neomafoam (registered trademark)) developed by the present applicant and already filed in an international application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-558158), and can be preferably used as a heat insulating material. And can be preferably used as an airtight material.
[0025]
Phenolic resin foam according to the above techniques, and the phenol resin base portion, density and a bubble portion formed from a large number of fine bubbles are phenol foam of ^{10kg / m 3 ~100kg / m 3} , the fine bubbles Hydrocarbon is contained, the average cell diameter is in the range of 5 μm to 200 μm, and the cell walls of most of the fine cells are composed of a smooth phenol resin substrate surface. And, despite the fact that the foaming agent is a hydrocarbon, it has a thermal conductivity comparable to that of the conventional CFC-based foaming agent, and there is no change over time in the thermal conductivity, and the mechanical strength such as compressive strength is improved. Excellent, brittleness is improved.
[0026]
The phenolic resin foam has high heat insulating properties and airtightness, and has properties capable of maintaining these properties for a long period of time. The heat insulating property of the phenolic resin foam can be ensured by keeping the cell diameter in the range of 5 μm to 200 μm, preferably as small as 10 μm to 150 μm, and maintaining the closed cell ratio as high as 80% or more. Further, the phenolic resin foam has high combustion resistance, and does not ignite and generate no gas due to the carbonization of the surface when a flame acts.
[0027]
For example, when the density of the phenol resin foam is set to 27 kg / m ³ , the heat transfer coefficient at 20 ° C. is 0.02 W / m · K, the compressive strength is 15 N / cm ² , and the heat deformation temperature is 200 ° C. The performance of the phenolic resin foam is such that three types of extruded polystyrene foam have a thermal conductivity of 0.028 W / m · K, a compressive strength of 20 N / cm ² , a thermal deformation temperature of 80 ° C., and a rigid urethane foam. Two of them have sufficiently high performance as compared with heat transfer coefficient: 0.024 W / m · K, compressive strength: 8 N / cm ² , heat deformation temperature: 100 ° C.
[0028]
Therefore, a heat insulating material made of a phenolic resin foam can exhibit substantially the same heat insulating performance with a thickness of about 2/3 that of a conventional extruded expanded polystyrene or rigid urethane foam.
[0029]
Further, since the phenol resin foam is a relatively brittle material, it is common to provide a protective layer made of kraft paper or nonwoven fabric on at least one side. In particular, the phenolic resin foam laminate disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-198332, which has been developed and filed by the present applicant, has improved adhesive performance by improving the nonwoven fabric forming the protective layer. The nonwoven fabric improves the strength of the phenolic resin foam, and is provided as a building heat insulating material having excellent strength and heat insulating properties.
[0030]
As described above, the heat insulating material composed of the laminated plate in which the protective layers are provided on the front and back surfaces of the phenol resin foam has an end face (small face) in which the phenol resin substrate surface is exposed. For this reason, it is possible to attach an adhesive tape or an adhesive sheet on the front and back surfaces using a non-woven fabric constituting the protective layer, but the fore-edge surface is to be adhered to other members compared to the front and back surfaces. Is difficult.
[0031]
In the case of a heat insulating material in which a protective layer made of a nonwoven fabric is provided on the front and back surfaces of a phenol resin foam, the brittleness is improved, and the bending strength and the tensile strength are improved. For this reason, when it arrange | positions in the place where a width | variety is narrow, it becomes independent, and it is possible to fully exhibit the function as a heat insulating material and an airtight material. In particular, when it is arranged in a narrow place with a width of about 1 m, the end face can be in contact with the packing material and stand alone to be effective.
[0032]
The packing material has elasticity and airtightness. In particular, it is necessary that the packing material can be fixed to the structural member with sufficient strength. Any packing can be used as long as it satisfies the above conditions, and the material and shape are not particularly limited. As such a packing material, a hollow material made of EPDM rubber is provided, and this packing material can be preferably used.
[0033]
The packing material is fixed in advance at a position facing the heat insulating material of the structural member. That is, when the structural member is a pillar, the packing material is fixed on the side surface of the pillar mounted upright between the beams, corresponding to the position of the heat insulating material rising up relative to the pillar. I have.
[0034]
When the packing material is fixed to the structural member, the method of fixing the packing material is not limited, but may be any of a mechanical method using a screw or the like, a bonding method, and the like. It is preferable to select and perform the work appropriately in consideration of conditions such as the material and shape of the material.
[0035]
For example, when the structural member is a steel material and the packing material is a hollow member made of EPDM rubber, it is possible to fix them by bonding them with an adhesive. In this case, it is preferable to use a butyl rubber adhesive as the adhesive.
[0036]
As described above, when the heat insulating material and the structural member are connected via the packing material, the force acting in the in-plane direction of the heat insulating material is the force of the packing material generated when the heat insulating material is pressed against the packing material. It becomes repulsive force. For this reason, it is preferable that the area of the upright surface where the heat insulating material and the structural member can be continued is not so large.
[0037]
Next, a preferred embodiment of the airtight structure will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan sectional view illustrating the configuration of the airtight structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for realizing the airtight structure according to the present embodiment.
[0038]
In FIG. 1, an outer wall material constituting an outer wall is disposed on the outdoor side of a pillar 1 constituting a skeleton, and is attached to the skeleton by predetermined means suitable for the outer wall material. The material for the outer wall material is not particularly limited. For example, a lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) panel, a concrete panel, or the like can be used.
[0039]
In the present embodiment, the ALC panel 2 is used as the outer wall material, and the plurality of ALC panels 2 are continuously attached by using a hardware such as a self-weight receiving bracket or an inazuma plate, which is attached to a beam (not shown) constituting the frame. Constitutes the outer wall.
[0040]
When the ALC panel 2 is attached to the frame, a gap 3 is formed between the ALC panel 2 and the pillar 1, and the gap 3 can function as a ventilation layer from under the floor to the attic space. Have been.
[0041]
A plurality of heat insulating materials 4 are arranged on the indoor side of the ALC panel 2 along the ALC panel 2, and are connected to the side surfaces 1 a and 1 b of the pillar 1. That is, a packing material 5 is fixed in advance at a position facing the heat insulating material 4 on the side surfaces 1a and 1b of the pillar 1, and the small face 4a of the heat insulating material 4 is pressed against the packing material 5 at this time. The heat generating material 4 is held by the generated force.
[0042]
In the present invention, the material and thickness of the heat insulating material 4 are not particularly limited. In this embodiment, a hard plastic heat insulating material, particularly, a heat insulating material made of a phenol resin foam having a thickness of 25 mm is used. ing.
[0043]
The packing material 5 is formed as a hollow member having elasticity and high air-tightness made of EPDM rubber, and when the heat insulating material 4 is pressed, the hollow portion 5a is deformed, and the force at this time is applied to the heat insulating material 4. It is possible to act as a holding force. Therefore, the packing material 5 is fixed to the side surfaces 1a and 1b of the pair of adjacent columns 1 respectively, and the fore-edge surface 4a of the heat insulating material 4 is pressed against the opposing packing material 5 so that the heat insulating material 4 is free standing. It is possible to hold it.
[0044]
At the connection portion of the heat insulating material 4, the packing material 5, and the column 1 as described above, the packing material 5 has a sufficient airtightness, and the heat insulating material 4 is pressed against the packing material 5, so that a high airtightness is exhibited. It is possible. That is, it is possible to form the airtight layer using the structural members constituting the skeleton.
[0045]
As described above, when the heat insulating material 4 is connected to the column 1 via the packing material 5 previously fixed to the side surfaces 1a and 1b of the column 1, in particular, the column 1 is attached with another member constituting a frame. This is effective when the exposed area of the side surfaces 1a and 1b of the first side is reduced.
[0046]
For example, when an earthquake-resistant element 6 including a brace, a brace, and the like is arranged between a pair of adjacent columns 1, a base member 6a of the earthquake-resistant element 6 is attached to the side surface 1a using a bolt (not shown), and the like. Thereby, the exposed area of the side surface 1a of the column 1 is greatly reduced by the thickness of the base member 6a constituting the earthquake-resistant element 6.
[0047]
However, by fixing the packing material 5 in advance on the side surface 1a of the pillar 1 and at a position avoiding the base member 6a, when attaching the heat insulating material 4, the space between the earthquake-resistant element 6 and the ALC panel 2 is required. By inserting the heat insulating material 4 into the space and the space defined by the pair of columns 1 and pressing the small face 4 a of the heat insulating material 4 against the packing material 5, the airtight layer is simultaneously held while the heat insulating material 4 is held. It can be formed.
[0048]
As described above, the heat insulating material 4, the packing material 5, and the column 1 can form a continuous airtight layer. However, in this case, there is a possibility that the pillar 1 acts as a thermal bridge and impairs the heat insulation.
[0049]
For this reason, in the present embodiment, a heat insulating material 7 having a width sufficiently larger than the width of the column 1 is arranged between the column 1 and the ALC panel 2, and the heat insulating material 7 and both sides of the column 1 are arranged. To form a continuous heat insulating line. Thus, by arranging the heat insulating material 7 between the pillar 1 and the ALC panel 2 and connecting the heat insulating material 7 and the heat insulating material 4, the pillar 1 is located on the indoor side of the heat insulating materials 4 and 7. In addition, the pillar 1 does not function as a thermal bridge to impair heat insulation.
[0050]
Next, an example of a procedure for realizing the above-described airtight structure will be described with reference to FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 1A, a plurality of pillars 1 and a beam (not shown) constituting a building frame are arranged at predetermined positions and assembled respectively. In particular, when the seismic element 6 is arranged, the seismic element 6 is attached to the pair of columns 1 in advance.
[0051]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, a plurality of ALC panels 2 are attached to beams installed horizontally above and below the column 1 to form an outer wall. At this time, it is preferable that the ALC panel 2 is attached to the beam so as to be able to be locked by using a not-shown weight receiving hardware or an inazuma plate.
[0052]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, a heat insulating material 7 is arranged at a position facing the column 1 in the ALC panel 2 and temporarily fixed. A packing material 5 is fixed to the side surfaces 1a and 1b of the column 1 at a position facing the heat insulating material 4 by a predetermined means including bonding.
[0053]
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2D, the small-diameter surface 4a of the heat insulating material 4 is attached to the packing material 5 fixed to the side surfaces 1a and 1b of the pillar 1 by pressing.
[0054]
At this time, when the interval between the columns 1 is about 1 m, it is possible to secure the self-position by pressing the heat insulating material 4 against the packing material 5, and to maintain the airtightness by pressing the both. Is possible.
[0055]
In addition, the end of the heat insulating material 4 comes into contact with the heat insulating material 7 arranged on the inner surface of the ALC panel 2, so that the heat insulating function can be continued. In particular, with the edge 4a of the heat insulating material 4 pressed against the packing material 5, the end is brought into contact with the heat insulating material 7 and a screw or the like (not shown) is driven into the ALC panel 2 via the heat insulating material 7. It is preferable to fix. By fixing the heat insulating material 4 to the ALC panel 2 through the heat insulating material 7 by using the screws in this way, even when the column 1 serving as a structural member constituting the frame exists, the column 1 It is possible to make the heat insulating materials 4 and 7 continuous by bypassing 1, and to maintain high heat insulating properties and airtightness.
[0056]
In the above embodiment, the case where the column 1 is used as the structural member constituting the skeleton has been described. However, when the beam is used as the structural member, a position corresponding to the arrangement position of the heat insulating material 4 in the beam is set in advance. It is possible to form a continuous airtight layer in the vertical direction of the building by fixing the packing material 5 and pressing the small face of the heat insulating material 4 against the packing material 5.
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, in the hermetic structure according to the present invention, the end face of the heat insulating material is pressed against the packing material fixed at a position facing the heat insulating material of the structural member constituting the skeleton of the house, so that the heat sealing material extends along the outer wall. The airtightness on the indoor side can be maintained.
[0058]
Since the packing material has elasticity, the heat insulating material can be held by pressing the heat insulating material against the packing material. For this reason, even in a narrow place where manual access is difficult, it is possible to easily connect the heat insulating material and the structural member while maintaining the airtightness. Therefore, labor for airtight construction can be saved.
[0059]
As described above, since it is not necessary to perform the construction using the foamed heat insulating material on site, the next process can be smoothly advanced without generating the dirt on the site due to the scattering of the foaming agent, and it is a disassembly method because it is a dry method. Separation of time becomes easy.
[0060]
By attaching the packing material to the structural member side, even if the heat insulating material is processed on site, the packing material is not damaged, and the work is easy, reliable, and secure airtightness can be secured.
[0061]
By using a hard plastic heat insulating material including a phenolic resin foam laminate as the heat insulating material, the heat insulating performance can be exhibited in accordance with the airtight performance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan sectional view illustrating a configuration of an airtight structure according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for realizing an airtight structure according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pillar 1a, 1b Side surface 2 ALC panel 3 Gap 4 Heat insulation material 4a Small edge 5 Packing material 5a Hollow part 6 Seismic element 6a Base member 7 Heat insulation material

Claims (1)

An airtight structure of a structural member constituting a skeleton of a house and an airtight heat insulating material disposed opposite to the structural member. An airtight structure between a structural member and a heat insulating material, wherein a heat insulating material is pressed into contact with the packing material, and a packing material having a property is fixed.

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