JP3780372B2 - Planting floor and equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tool for supporting the root of cut flowers (hereinafter referred to as “cut flower branch”), a nursery bed or other planting floor (referred to as “planting material” in the present invention).
[0002]
[Prior art]
Plants germinate and grow with moisture. However, not all moisturizing materials are suitable for planting floors, and in order to construct a planting floor with moisturizing materials, some ingenuity and knowledge are required. Sediment is well known as a moisturizing material that can be used as a nursery or planting floor. Recently, hydroponic cultivation in which polyurethane foam or other plastic foams or nonwoven fabrics or other fiber aggregates are planted instead of earth and sand is also known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Most of the planting is done on earth or sand, that is, on the ground, but in high-rise houses and other ordinary households in urban areas, it is difficult to obtain earth and sand using firewood, and it is often difficult to dump the earth and sand after use. For this reason, in a high-rise house with a narrow outdoor space such as a veranda, handling of earth and sand is particularly difficult and it cannot be planted freely. In this respect, hydroponics is suitable for urban planting. However, advanced techniques are required for fertilization and water management, and foams and fiber assemblies for planting floors are disposable, which is uneconomical and causes waste disposal problems. Therefore, hydroponics at home is suitable for expensive houseplants but unsuitable for planting vegetables and other inexpensive plants.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention can be used as a cut flower substituting instead of Kenzan, and can also be used repeatedly as a planting floor, easily activated during its repeated use, light, easy to carry and handle, An object of the present invention is to provide inexpensive planting materials that are suitable for planting and can also be used as a vegetable storage floor when transporting vegetables and other plants while maintaining freshness.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the planting floor of the present invention, a planting material 16 formed by gathering together a large number of yarn pieces 11 in the length direction is placed in a container having an upper opening 95 in the depth direction of the container. The first feature is that the length direction is accommodated.
[0006]
A second feature of the planting floor according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the planting material 16 is formed in a plurality of water storage containers 94 having an upper opening 95 in the depth direction. It is accommodated according to the length direction, and the water storage containers are connected so as to be able to circulate below the upper opening 95.
[0007]
A third feature of the planting floor of the present invention is that a large number of yarn pieces 11 are gathered together in the length direction, and the yarn pieces 11 are arranged in the depth direction in a water-permeable container 102 having an upper opening 95. The planting material 16 accommodated in the length direction is accommodated in the water storage container 94 having the upper opening 95 with the length direction of the yarn piece 11 aligned in the depth direction.
[0008]
The fourth feature of the planting floor of the present invention is that, in addition to the third feature, the planting material 16 is accommodated in a plurality of water storage containers 94 and can be distributed between the water storage containers below the upper opening 95. It is connected.
[0009]
The fifth feature of the planting floor of the present invention is that, in addition to the first to fourth features, the water supply / drainage container 94 is connected to the water storage container via the water supply / drainage pipe 119 so as to be able to circulate below the upper opening 95 of the container 94. , And the drainage port 127 of the water supply / drainage container 94 ′ protrudes toward the inside of the cavity of the water supply / drainage container 94 ′ between the level of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 and the level of the upper opening 95.
[0010]
The sixth feature of the planting floor of the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the length of the yarn piece 11 is 2 to 10 cm shorter than the depth of the container 94, and the tip protruding surface 13 of the yarn piece is It sinks below the upper opening 95 of the container, the earth and sand 14 are deposited on the tip protruding surface 13, and the container 94 is a plastic water storage container, and on the side of the container 94 below the tip protruding surface 13. The water-permeable hole 104 is provided.
[0011]
A first feature of the planter of the present invention is that a plurality of water storage containers 94 having upper openings 95 are provided inside a casing 126 having an opening 125 at the top, and the lower side of the upper openings 95 is provided. Therefore, the water storage containers are connected so as to be able to circulate.
[0012]
The second feature of the planter of the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, a drain pipe 68 protrudes into the cavity of any one of the plurality of water storage containers 94.
[0013]
The planter water receiver of the present invention is characterized in that a reinforcing material (78, 131, 134) supported by the container 94 is interposed between the yarn piece 11 and the yarn piece 11 of the planting floor 34. To do.
[0014]
The nursery of the present invention is characterized in that the minimum dimension of the cross section in the portion where the cross-sectional area of the planting material 16 is minimum is 5 to 30 mm, and the length of the yarn piece 11 is 10 to 100 mm. .
[0015]
The planting apparatus of the present invention is configured by removing the planting material 16 from the planting floor 34 described above.
[0016]
[General Embodiment]
The length of the yarn piece is 5 cm or more, the yarn piece 11 and the yarn piece 11 are fused at one end of the yarn assembly, and the bottom surface 93 of the yarn assembly is formed by the melt 92 of the yarn piece 11. Good. The yarn piece 11 may be a plastic tape yarn having a flat cross section. The planting floor 34 brings together a large number of yarn pieces 11 with the length direction aligned in the same direction to a container body 94 having an upper opening 95 and a lid body 96 fitted into the upper opening 95. The planting material 16 configured as the collected yarn assembly is loaded, and a recess 98 is provided in the lid body 96 so as to be depressed toward the bottom portion 97 of the container body, and a recessed opening 99 is formed in the bottom portion of the recess 98 of the container body. It is good to open and open toward the bottom part 97, and the planting material 16 inserts the bottom face 93 toward the inside 100 of the container main body into the depression opening 96, and the front-end | tip protrusion surface 13 of the planting material 16 protrudes from the depression opening 96, and is comprised. The depressions 98 may be filled with the granules 14. When the planting floor 34 is configured by loading the container 102 with the planting material 16 configured as a yarn assembly in which the length direction is aligned in the same direction and a large number of yarn pieces 11 are gathered together, the container 102 Is placed deeper than the length of the yarn piece 11, the planting material 16 is loaded into the container 102 with the length direction of the yarn piece directed in the depth direction of the container, and the depth of the container 102 and the yarn piece 11 are loaded. It is preferable that an upper recess 103 corresponding to the difference in length is formed in the upper portion of the container 102, and the bottom of the upper recess 103 is constituted by the tip protruding surface 13 of the planting material 16. The depression 98 may be filled with the granules 14. It is good to open the water permeable hole 104 in the lower part in which the planting material 16 of the container 102 is loaded. The container 102 may be stored in the outer container 101 as an inner container. The maximum dimension of the bottom surface of the planting material 16 as a yarn assembly in which the length direction is aligned in the same direction and a large number of yarn pieces 11 are gathered together is preferably 10 cm or less.
[0017]
The planting material 16 is used as a cut flower branch or cutting branch by inserting cut flowers into the gap between the yarn pieces 11 from the tip protruding surface side 13 from which the tip 12 of the yarn piece 11 protrudes, Seeds are directly sown on the tip protruding surface 13, or seeds are sown on the surface soil layer 15 of natural earth sand or artificial soil 14 laminated on the tip protruding surface 13, and used as a nursery or planting floor, or The rooted vegetables are inserted into the gap between the yarn piece 11 and the yarn piece 11 from the protruding surface side 13 and used as a vegetable storage floor.
[0018]
  In the present invention, the “flexible yarn piece” means a product obtained by dividing an elongated continuous article having a constant thickness and width, such as a fiber, a thread, and a string, into a required length. Not only fibers, yarns and strings, but also sheets such as fabrics and plastic films can be used as flexible yarn pieces. The “flexibility” of the yarn piece may be such that it does not crack when bent and can be bent at a right angle. Various kinds of synthetic resin films such as polyester resin film, polyolefin resin film, polyvinyl chloride resin film, polyamide (nylon) resin film, polyvinyl acetate resin film, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin film, Paper, non-woven fabric, or non-woven fabric or composite film on which various synthetic resin emulsions or latexes are applied and laminated can be used. These films have a downspout and a fold along their length.EyesIt is good to use it by making it elongate by attaching or making it lean in the width direction, folding in the width direction, or winding up in the width direction. In a state where the length directions are aligned and gathered, the adjacent yarn pieces 11 touch each other and twist each other. Even if the yarn pieces 11 are arranged radially, at least one surface of the yarn assembly is configured as a set of tips of the yarn pieces 11 protruding there. Inside the yarn assembly, an infinite number of gaps 21 extending along the length direction of the yarn piece 11 are formed as a surface 13 (hereinafter referred to as “tip protruding surface”) configured as an assembly of the tips 12 of the yarn piece 11. It is continuously formed with a spread toward the following direction.
[0019]
The planting material 16 is configured as a thread-like assembly having a certain shape, and a long shape is aligned in the same direction, and a large number of yarn pieces 11 are gathered together, and a certain shape that maintains the state is maintained. The holding means 22 is required. In order to maintain the state, the gathered yarn pieces 11 are packed in a bag 23 or a bag 24 or other container, the gathered yarn pieces 11 are bundled, and the gathered yarn pieces 11 and the yarn pieces are bundled together. 11 is partially joined by an adhesive 29 or fiber, or one end of each yarn piece 11 gathered together is locked to the base 30.
[0020]
[Operation of planting materials]
In the assembly (16) of flexible yarn pieces that are aligned in the length direction, the desired yarn pieces are freely spread between the yarn pieces, and are interrupted between the yarn pieces. The trunk and root of the plant 31 (hereinafter referred to as “stem root”) can be inserted. Since the opened gap is closed by the elastic recovery force of the yarn piece 11, the inserted plant 31 is held in the filamentous assembly. In the yarn assembly 16, the adjacent yarn pieces 11 and the yarn pieces 11 are in contact with each other at many portions extending in the length direction. For this reason, the water 33 applied to the yarn assembly 16 is adsorbed and held between the yarn pieces by the surface tension. As a result, moisture and oxygen (air) are mixed in the yarn assembly 16 to absorb moisture. It becomes a tinged state. The roots of land plants grow in search of oxygen as well as moisture. In particular, if you see the roots of potted plants growing along the inner wall of the flowerpot and gathering densely in a net shape, the moisture contained in the soil of the flowerpot flows along the inner wall of the flowerpot and slightly occurs. It can be seen that the flow of moisture encourages root growth. In this respect, the narrow gaps 21 in which moisture easily flows can be made innumerably in the entire yarn assembly (16) along each yarn piece 11, and the planting material 16 is not only used as a support for inserting and supporting the plant 31. It can also be used for a planting floor that promotes the growth of the inserted plant, and a preservation floor that preserves the freshness of the plant. Moreover, since the seed planted on the tip projecting surface 13 is guided to the yarn piece 11 and drops the root 32 along the elongated gap 21, the planting material 16 is also used as a nursery.
[0021]
A fibrous portion having a thickness of about 20 denier and a film-like portion having a thickness of about 5 μm are alternately continued at intervals of about 2 mm in the width direction, and the fibrous portion is parallel to the length direction of the barbs 36. The film-like portion is formed between the ribs, and the groove 37 is formed, and the rising due to the expansion / contraction difference between the fibrous portion and the film-like portion at the time of T-die extrusion molding is 0.5 to 5 in the length direction. A polyester film or polypropylene film with a width of 1 to 40 cm, which is finely formed at intervals of about 2 mm, is folded in the width direction, folded in the width direction, or brought together in the width direction and converged to form a packing string or packing Polyester tape yarns and polypropylene tape yarns (hereinafter referred to as “folds”) that are generally commercially available with a real thickness of about 0.5 to 3.5 mm and an apparent thickness of about 1 to 10 mm. Say the tape yarn "attached.) 39 is suitable for the yarn piece 11. In planting materials using tape yarn with eclectic, polyethylene and polypropylene are non-hygroscopic and non-hydrophilic materials that lack hygroscopicity, and the outer surface of tape yarn 39 with eclectic has fine irregularities such as creases and folds, Even if water adheres there, it is difficult to make close contact with the entire surface, and it is difficult to form a sealed internal void inside the planting material. Moreover, since the tape yarn 39 with eclectic is made of a non-hygroscopic / non-hydrophilic material, the adhering water easily moves in the length direction of the tape yarn. In particular, water tends to move in the length direction along the folds and folds of the foldable tape yarn 39 by capillary action. In addition, since the secondary coefficient of the cross section of the tape increases due to creases and creases, the tape yarn with creases is less likely to bend than a tape without creases or creases. As a result, the folds and creases are a good way to form through-grooves that penetrate straight through the planting material. Therefore, the planting material is rich in water permeability and air permeability. In such planting materials with high water permeability and air permeability, the water level inside the potter is easy to rise and fall by evaporation and water supply, and oxygen is supplied to the inside of the planting material along with the pumping action of the fluctuation of the internal water level. Since it becomes difficult to create a stagnant water reservoir with low oxygen solubility inside the plant material, it works effectively for germination, growth and storage of plants.
[0022]
In order to promote the oxygen replenishment action due to the fluctuation of the water level, the planting material 16 is accommodated in a plurality of water storage containers 94 having an upper opening 95 according to the length direction of the yarn piece 11 in the depth direction, The water storage containers are connected so as to be able to circulate under the upper opening 95, and one of the water storage containers is moved up and down, and water flows out from or into the other water storage container. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 41, a large-capacity preparation member 155 is introduced into one of the water storage containers, and it is sunk and drained or pulled up to another water storage container to allow water to flow from the other water storage container. By doing so, it is good to raise and lower the water level 57 in the water storage containers and to replace the air in those water storage containers. For this purpose, the cross-sectional area (A) of the water level fluctuation location inside the water storage container is preferably made smaller than the area (B) of the upper opening, and the cross-sectional area (A) of the water level fluctuation location is reduced to the area of the upper opening (B ), The cross-sectional area (A) of the water level fluctuation portion should not be wider than the area (B) of the upper opening by 3 times or more, preferably 1.5 times or less. This is because even if the evaporation amount of water from the inside of the water storage container is the same, if the location where the water level fluctuates is wide, there is less drop in the water level than when it is narrow, and the surface area of the planting material 16 that touches the air by raising and lowering the water surface 57 is small. This is because it decreases. In this way, considering the effect of oxygen supply to planting materials due to fluctuations in water level, water storage containers used for plants other than plants suitable for wetlands and plants with high water absorption are such that the side of the planting material touches the inner surface. When the planting material 16 that is sized and accommodated in the water permeable container 102 having the upper opening 95 is accommodated in the water storage container 94 having the upper opening 95, the water permeable container 102 is in close contact with the water storage container 94. Fit it.
[0023]
From various experiments, in the planting material 16 that is loaded into the planter 40 or other container and is used with the tip protruding surface 13 facing upward, the length of the yarn piece 11 is 5 cm or more, preferably 10 cm or more, Preferably it is 20 cm or more. This is because, apart from underwater plants and hydroponics, the depth from the tip protruding surface 13 of the planting material loaded in the planter 40 or the stratum surface 15 laminated thereon to the water level of the water 33 injected into the planter. When the thickness is less than 5 cm, the water 33 evaporates and the planter tends to be in a dry state. The evaporation method depends on the density of the filaments inside the planting material, the amount of earth and sand filling, the degree of growth of the plant planted in the planting material, the type and number of plants, etc. 41 is under hot weather and often falls more than 5 cm per day. For this reason, in the planting material in which the length of the yarn piece 11 is less than 5 cm, a special evaporation prevention layer is laminated on the tip protruding surface 13, and a water retention material such as pulp fiber is filled between the yarn pieces. Special measures such as forming a special water retaining layer 41 under the planting material, constantly monitoring the water level 57 and supplying water as needed are required. And in the planting material in which the length of the thread pieces 11 is less than 5 cm, the gap 21 having a sufficient length for the flow of steam effective for the growth of the roots 32 cannot be secured between the thread pieces 11, 11, As a result, the planting material 16 is limited to planting plants whose roots are not deeply stretched, and when the planting material is a cut flower branch, it is inserted between yarn pieces in cut flowers that are too tall. It becomes difficult to support the trunk 32 firmly.
[0024]
From the upper end 43 of the water level management vinyl pipe 42 attached to the bottom of the planter 40, the liquid fertilizer (chicken manure solution) 33 does not penetrate the tip protruding surface 13, and thus does not touch the root 32, and accumulates at the bottom of the planter. Is injected into the planter, the liquid fertilizer 33 moves from the bottom to the top along the yarn piece 11 and is gradually absorbed from the root 32. In this way, the fertilizer component (33) is separated from the tip protrusion surface 13 so that the fertilizer 33 moves from the bottom of the planting floor 34 to the top without being directly touching the root 32 and is gradually absorbed by the root 32. In order to maintain the position, the length of the yarn piece 11 is desirably 5 cm or more. If fertilizer is applied so that the tip 35 protrudes from the bottom 35 without directly touching the tip protruding surface 13, no fertilizer odor is generated from the planting floor 34, and spawning, hatching, and insect pests on the surface of the planting floor 34 are generated. Hygienic organic using natural fertilizer that tends to be a hotbed where animal pests, compost, bone meal, and other pests grow, and is also a hotbed where pests grow. Cultivation is possible.
[0025]
[Application to hydroponics]
If enough water is poured into the planting floor where only plant material made of polypropylene lighter than water is loaded in the planter, the planting material floats and the tip protruding surface protrudes from the upper edge of the planter. In order to suppress the floating of the planting material, sand and sand is introduced into the tip protruding surface so that the tip protruding surface 13 of the planting material 16 floats on the water surface, the planting material 16 moves up and down according to the water level. Even so, the height from the water surface to the tip protruding surface 13 is always kept constant, and the part that protrudes from the water surface is always kept in a constant moisture state, which is preferable for hydroponics. Planting floor is completed. Thus, since the planting material 16 can be used as a planting floor floating in water, it can be planted in a pond, a marsh, a river, a harbor, etc. without being reclaimed. In particular, the planting material 16 floated in the sewage treatment tank, pond, drain, drainage ditch, etc., where odor is a pollution problem, can also serve as a lid for the pond or drainage ditch, so the sewage treatment tank, pond, ditch, drainage ditch, etc. Is beautified, pollution problems are solved, and flowers and vegetables are harvested.
[0026]
The folds and creases formed along the length direction of the foldable tape yarn 39 urge the water 33 to rise due to capillary action, and the tip 12 of the yarn piece 11 protrudes from the tip protruding surface 13 so as to come into contact with the outside air. In the case where the yarn piece 11 is a non-hygroscopic and non-hydrophilic tape yarn 39 with polypropylene folds that is easily separated from water, the water 33 under the planting material 16 seems to be pumped up by the planting material 16. It evaporates from the tip protrusion surface 13 and the planting material 16 also exhibits a drainage function and a drying function in a sewage treatment tank, a basin, a drain, a drainage ditch and the like. Therefore, the planting material 16 is effective as a drying means in a landfill or a reclaimed land.
[0027]
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 59 opens a large number of through-holes 152 in a base 51 in which a foam 149 having closed cells such as expanded polystyrene is covered with a fence-like cover 150, and is planted in a container having an upper opening 95. The material 16 is inserted, and the planting floor 34 in which the earth and sand 14 is deposited on the tip protruding surface 13 is fitted in the through-hole 152, and the tip protruding surface 13 protrudes above the water surface 57. The water-permeable container 102 may be a rigid plastic-molded container, or may be a bag or other flexible sheet that is easily deformed.
[0028]
[Application to nursery beds]
When the planting material 16 is used as a nursery bed, natural earth sand or artificial earth sand (hereinafter simply referred to as “earth sand”) is formed on the tip protruding surface 13 so that the seed does not fall deeply into the gap 21 between the yarn pieces. .) May be stacked. The laminated surface layer 15 suppresses evaporation from the gaps 21 between the yarn pieces, while part of the earth and sand falls between the yarn pieces to widen the gaps 21 and make the roots 32 easier to stretch. Moisture is easily convected in the plant material interior 16 and the growth of the roots 32 is promoted.
[0029]
The seedling planting material 16 ′ may be small enough to enter a single thin root that grows during germination, and the minimum dimension of the cross section in the portion where the cross-sectional area of the planting material 16 is minimized is 5 to 30 mm. The length of the yarn piece 11 is preferably 10 to 100 mm. If it makes so small, as shown in FIG. 42, it can transplant by the planting material 16 'for seed beds as a unit. The seedling planting material 16 ′ is a bundle of yarn pieces 11 like a brush, cigarette, or cigarette filter, and as shown in FIG. 43, sand and sand having caking properties such as mud, wall soil, water-soluble glue, etc. Temporarily bonded with a water-soluble binder 153 that decomposes or separates with water, such as an agent, or temporarily bonds between yarn pieces with a water-soluble binder 153 as shown in FIG. The planting material is hardened by the caking material 153, or, as shown in FIG. 45, the planting material is wrapped with a water-decomposable coating material 114 such as paper or a water-soluble filter, so that it does not melt before seeding. To do.
[0030]
The commercially available seedling 117 is sold in a flexible plastic bowl 154 like a paper cup (FIG. 64). To implement the present invention corresponding to such a sales form, the plastic bowl 154 is sold. If a small hole 116 (perforation) that goes around the pot bottom 115 is attached, and the pot bottom 115 is cut out along the small hole 116 at the time of transplantation as shown in FIG. The root grows into 16. However, the length of the yarn piece 11 is 2 to 10 cm shorter than the depth of the container 94, and the tip protruding surface 13 of the yarn piece sinks below the upper opening 95 of the container 94. 14, the container 94 is a plastic water storage container, and in the planting floor 34 having the water permeable holes 104 on the lower side surface of the tip protruding surface 13, the water permeable holes 104 are formed in the water tank as shown in FIG. 60. If the seedling 117 sucks up the water 33 stored under the water-permeable hole 104 as shown in FIG. 61, the seedling 117 sucks the water 33 stored in the store as shown in FIG. Handling becomes easy. Thus, when implementing this invention corresponding to the sales form of the seedling put into a plastic pot, the planting material 16 should just be a comparatively short thing with the length of the thread piece 11 of about 5-10 cm.
[0031]
[Platform planting form]
The planting material 16 illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 15 has a structure such as a pile fabric having an abnormally long pile length, similar to the planting material illustrated in FIGS. The planting material 16 is loaded into a container (planter 40 / water tank 26) capable of storing water with the surface 13 facing upward. Except for the planting floor illustrated in FIG. 10, the length of the yarn pieces is 22 cm, and the planting material has a thickness corresponding to the length of the yarn pieces. Except for the planting floor shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 15, earth and sand 14 are laminated on the tip protruding surface 13 to such an extent that the tip 12 of the yarn piece is exposed, and the tip portion 12 of the adjacent yarn piece and The gap between the tip portions 12 is buried in the earth and sand 14, and the surface portion of the planting material 16 forms a surface stratum 15 in which the earth and sand 14 and the tip portion 12 of the yarn piece 11 are mixed, and the seeds are yarns. It does not fall deeply into the bottom 35 through the gap 21 between the pieces. FIG. 8 shows a case where the planting floor 34 is used for hydroponics, and a tape yarn 39 with polypropylene folds that is lighter than water is used for the yarn piece 11 and the base material 30 of the planting material 16. The planting material 16 is prepared to float in water. The thickness of the planting material 16, that is, the length of the yarn piece 11 from the base material 30 to the tip protruding surface 13 is shorter than the depth of the container 40. For this reason, the planting material 16 moves up and down according to the water level of the water stored in the container 40, but the height from the water surface 57 to the tip protruding surface 13 is always kept constant, and as a result, the portion that is raised from the water surface 57 Is always kept in a certain humidity state. A pipe 42 is inserted vertically into the planting material 16 illustrated in FIG. 9, and a float 58 is loaded into the pipe 42 so as to be movable up and down, and the water level 57 in the container 40 is confirmed by the float 58. The tip 43 of the pipe 42 protrudes from the surface (13) of the planting floor, and the water 33 and liquid fertilizer injected from the tip 43 of the pipe 42 flow into the bottom of the container 40 and the whole bottom of the planting floor 34. 35, and gradually shifts to the tip protruding surface side 13 along the yarn piece 11.
[0032]
FIGS. 10-14 illustrate a planter having a water level management means. One drainage hole in the drainage holes opened at the two right and left of the bottom of a general commercial planter 40 is plugged, and the other drainage hole is One end of the soft transparent vinyl pipe 42 slightly thicker than the hole diameter is closely fitted. The tip 43 of the transparent vinyl pipe 42 is detachably locked to the upper edge of the planter. Since the pipe 42 is transparent, the water level inside the planter is visually confirmed. An insertion hole 59 is formed in the upper edge of the planter 40 shown in FIGS. 10 and 13, and the tip of the pipe 42 can be locked by being inserted into the insertion hole 59. In the planter 40 illustrated in FIG. 11, a stopper having a pipe insertion groove 60 is attached to the upper edge of the planter, and the tip 43 of the pipe 42 can be inserted into the insertion groove 60 to be locked. In the planter 40 shown in FIG. 12, an elongated rectangular opening is opened in the flange on the upper edge, and the tip of the pipe 42 can be fitted and locked to the drain outlet 61 of the elongated funnel 62 fitted into the opening. When the funnel 62 is attached to the upper end of the pipe 42 in this way, water 33 and fertilizer can be easily poured into the bottom of the planter 40 through the pipe 42. In the planter 40 illustrated in FIG. 14, a hook 63 is attached to the tip of the pipe 42, and is hooked on the upper edge of the planter 40 to be locked. FIG. 10 illustrates a planting floor 34 that is also prepared as a fertilizer storage container. The planter interior 40 is partitioned into four upper and lower stages by four net-like perforated partition plates 64. The planting material 16 is loaded in the second-tier space from above, and a stratum 15 having a thickness of about 2 cm made of earth and sand is laminated thereon. The lower side of the partition plate that supports the planting material is a water retaining layer 41. In the third and fourth spaces from the top, fertilizer 65 mainly containing animal dung prepared by mixing the pieces of tape yarn and making it difficult to sag is stored. Can be pumped out as liquid fertilizer. 66 is a spacer. FIG. 15 illustrates an application example of the planting material 16 to a wide flower bed, in which the planting material 16 is loaded in a water tank 26 placed on a spacer 67 and arranged in a staircase shape. Yes. Each water tank 26 is provided with a drain pipe 68 at the reference water level. The tip of the drain pipe 68 protrudes above the lower water tank 26, and the drain pipe 68 also serves as a water supply pipe for pouring water into the lower water tank 26. Reference numeral 69 denotes a water supply pipe for supplying water to the uppermost water tank 26. The earth and sand 14 are laminated on the planting material 16, and the formation 15 forms a undulating mountain (34) corresponding to the height of the water tank 26.
[0033]
The planter 40 illustrated in FIG. 30 includes a container main body 94 having an upper opening 95 and a lid 96 fitted to the upper opening 95. The planter 40 is loaded with a planting material 16 in which the yarn pieces 11 are gathered together. The lid 96 has a recess 98 that is recessed toward the bottom 97 of the container body, and a recessed opening 99 is opened at the bottom of the recess 98 toward the bottom 97 of the container body. The material 16 is inserted with the bottom surface 93 facing the inside 100 of the container body, and the tip protruding surface 13 of the planting material 16 protrudes from the recessed opening 96. If the lid 96 is removed, the water 30 stored in the container body 94 can be replaced, and fertilizer can be put into the interior 100 of the container body. At this time, the plant 31 and the planting material 16 are removed together with the lid 96. Therefore, the fertilizer does not touch the root of the plant directly. Even if a large amount of rainwater flows from the depression 98 during heavy rain, if the water level inside the container body 100 reaches the opening 95, it flows out of the opening 95, so that the plant 31 is not flooded to the root. The depression 98 is filled with granules (sediment) 14 and the root of the plant 31 is always placed in an alkaline soil.
[0034]
A planter 40 illustrated in FIG. 31 includes an inner container 102 and an outer container 101, and the inner container 102 is accommodated in the outer container 101. A planting material 16 configured as a yarn assembly in which the length direction is aligned in the same direction and a large number of yarn pieces 11 are gathered together is loaded in the inner container 102, and together with the inner container 102 from the outer container 101. Can be removed and replaced. The inside of the inner container is deeper than the length of the yarn piece 11, and the planting material 16 is loaded with the length direction of the yarn piece 11 facing the depth direction of the container 102, and the depth of the container 102 and the yarn piece 11 are loaded. An upper recess 103 corresponding to the difference in length is formed in the upper portion of the container, and the bottom of the upper recess 103 is constituted by the tip protruding surface 13 of the planting material 16. The depressions 98 are filled with granules (sediment) 14 and the plant 31 extends its roots in all directions so as to be dispersed in the soil 14 and then lowers the roots to the planting material 16 so that the roots are always made of alkaline soil. It is put. Reference numeral 107 denotes a cover that closes the opening of the outer container 101 to prevent the invasion of pests. The cover 107 is configured by placing a surface material such as a wire mesh or a cloth on a lattice-like support frame member. Goes in and out of the outer container. The cover 107 is provided with an opening 108 into which the inner container is fitted, and the inner container is supported by the cover 107 so as to be fitted into the opening 108 and not fall down. A water-permeable hole 104 is opened in the lower part of the internal container loaded with the planting material 16, and when the water in the internal container is sucked up by the plant 31, the water 30 in the external container is automatically supplied. A drain hole 106 is opened in the outer container 101 at the same level as the bottom (13) of the upper depression 103. Even if a large amount of rainwater flows into the outer container 101 during heavy rain, the water level remains at the bottom (13 ) Will flow out from the drain hole 106 and will not be flooded to the root of the plant 31.
[0035]
[Application of automatic water supply method]
In order to automate and centrally manage the water supply, the planting material 16 in which a large number of yarn pieces 11 are aligned in the length direction is placed in a plurality of water storage containers 94 having upper openings 95 in the depth direction. It is good to accommodate to the length direction of the thread piece 11, and to connect between water storage containers so that distribution | circulation is possible under the upper opening 95. FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 32, storage containers 94 arranged on a non-permeable base 118 such as a rooftop or a road are connected by a water supply / drainage pipe 119, and a filler such as earth and sand is put between the arranged storage containers, and an upper opening 95 is formed. If the water is leveled so that it appears on the ground surface 120, and one water storage container connected to the water supply / drainage pipe 119 is attached to the water discharge port or the water supply port 121, it can be greened easily even in a vast place such as a rooftop or a road. In that case, as shown in FIG. 33, the water permeable container 102 having the upper opening 95 in which the planting material 16 is accommodated in the depth direction in accordance with the length direction of the yarn pieces is used as the water storage container 94 having the upper opening 95. If the length direction of the yarn piece is accommodated in the depth direction, the plant 31 can be replanted (exchanged) in a large place overnight.
[0036]
When the plant 31 is heavy like a tree, the water storage container 94 is reinforced to withstand the weight, and the tip protruding surface 13 protrudes to the upper opening 95 of the water storage container, together with the flower pot 122 as shown in FIG. It is better to place the plant in a water storage container. As described above, the water-permeable container 102 may be a bag made of a cloth or other flexible sheet. However, when the permeable container 102 is made of a woven fabric, the woven fabric is woven into a tubular shape by a bag weave (air-woven fabric structure) and made of a knitted fabric. Sometimes it is better to knit in a cylindrical shape with a circular knitting machine. When used for small and light things such as flowers, a plastic film bag having a water-permeable hole and a plastic net used for fruit packaging can also be used as the water-permeable container 102. When the water storage container 94 is connected by the water supply / drainage pipe 119 and the planting floor is wall-mounted, it is preferable to provide a water spout on a part of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 as shown in FIG. When the water supply / drainage pipe 119 is continuously arranged in a straight line between the plurality of water storage containers 94 and 94, it becomes easy to clean even when foreign matter is clogged. Between the water supply / drainage pipe and the water storage container or between the water supply / drainage pipes may be connected by a relay pipe 123, and when the water supply / drainage pipe becomes long, a cleaning inlet 124 is provided in places. When the planting floor 34 is suspended from the ceiling or wisteria shelf, a plurality of water storage containers 94B, 94B, 94B,... If an illuminating lamp is attached, a chandelier-like planting floor will be completed as shown in FIG.
[0037]
46 and 47 show an example of application to an existing planter 40, in which a plurality of water storage containers 94 having an upper opening 95 are arranged inside a casing 126 having an opening 125 at the top, and The water storage containers are connected so as to be able to circulate below the upper opening 95. When a plurality of water storage containers 94 are connected and used by the water supply / drainage pipe 119 as described above, when the drainage pipe 68 protrudes into the cavity of any one of the plurality of water storage containers 94, the tip 128 of the drainage pipe 68 is used. By pushing down or pulling up, the water level in all the water storage containers can be freely set according to the level of the mouth 128. For this purpose, the drainage pipe 68 is a flexible and extendable pipe such as a snake pipe, rubber pipe, or vinyl pipe.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 40, when one end of the drainage pipe 68 is inserted into the drainage port 127 from the inside of the commercial planter 40 and the other end protrudes high into the planter 40, the drainage port 127 is blocked by the drainage pipe 68, Since water can flow out only from the mouth end 128 of the drain pipe 68, the present invention can be carried out using a commercially available planter. By surrounding the drain pipe 68 protruding inside the planter with a cylindrical cover 129, fertilizer can be introduced into the cylindrical cover 129 and given to all plants.
[0039]
As apparent from the embodiment of the planting floor in which earth and sand are deposited on the above-described planting of the tip protruding surface, in particular, the separated state of the accumulated earth and sand tank (14) and the planting material 16 is assumed as is apparent from the embodiment shown in FIG. For example, it will be understood that the planting floor without depositing earth and sand 14 can be used for the water receptacle 130 of the conventional flower pot 122. However, as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 34, when the total weight of the flower pot 122 is directly applied to the planting material 16, the filamentous piece 11 is pushed down and the utility as the planting material 16 is impaired. Therefore, when the planting material 16 is used for the water receiver 130, a reinforcing material supported by the container 94 is provided between the yarn piece 11 and the yarn piece 11 of the planting floor 34. 36 to 39 illustrate specific examples thereof. In the water receiver 130 illustrated in FIG. 36, the planting material 16 is inserted between a large number of support pillars 131 protruding from the bottom surface of the water storage container 94. The tip of 131 supports the flower pot. In the water receiver 130 shown in FIGS. 37 and 38, a fence-like lid 78 having a lattice 132 that is supported by being fitted around the periphery of the upper opening of the water storage container 94 supports the flower pot 122. A large number of legs 133 protrude from the illustrated fence-like lid 78, and the weight of the flowerpot added to the fence-like lid 78 is distributed to these legs 133. In the water receiver 130 shown in FIG. 39, the planting material 16 inserted into the cylinder 134 is filled in the water storage container 94, and the flower pot is supported by the cylinder 134.
[0040]
[Application to three-dimensional planting floor]
  FIGS. 1-7 illustrate the planting material comprised in the column shape. The columnar planting floor 34 is configured by loading the planting material 16 into a cylinder 25 having a large number of openings 47 in the peripheral surface at predetermined intervals. In the columnar planting floor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tape yarn 39 is arranged so as to surround the water supply pipe 44 and is drawn into the cylinder together with the earth and sand 14, and the earth and sand are sandwiched between the tape yarns. ing. The columnar planting floor 34 is vertically supported by a base 45. The upper ends of the tape yarn 39 and the water supply pipe 44 are lower than the upper end of the cylindrical pipe 25, and the upper end of the columnar planting floor is a water receiver 46 surrounded by the upper edge of the cylinder. Forms the bottom of the water receiver 46. The spring water 33 from the upper end of the water supply pipe 44 penetrates the planting material from the tip protruding surface 13 and gradually drops along the tape yarn 39. The water 33 overflowing from the water receiver 46 hangs down along the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 25 and flows into the cylinder through the opening 47 on the peripheral surface in the process of reaching the lower end. The opening 47 is opened upward and downward, and the periphery of the opening 47 is a slope 48 inclined upward from the inside of the cylinder toward the outside of the cylinder, and the water 33 is guided along the slope 48 to the inside of the cylinder. A plant 31 is planted in the opening 48, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder is covered with the plant 31. FIG. 3 illustrates a three-dimensional flower bed 49 configured to vertically support a large number of columnar planting floors 34 in which a tape yarn is drawn into a cylinder together with earth and sand without inserting a water supply pipe. The upper end of the columnar planting floor 34 has a support frame.ToIt is locked. Supporting frameIsThe water supplied from the water supply pipe into the cylinder drips along the internal tape yarn. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an essential part of the columnar planting floor shown in FIG.
[0041]
The planting material 16 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is configured as a yarn assembly in which yarn pieces (tape yarns) arranged in parallel are collected in a cylinder, whereas FIGS. The planting material 16 illustrated in FIG. 7 is configured to be engaged with the base material 30 of the yarn piece, and the tip protruding surface 13 is parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder 25. The planting material 16 illustrated in FIG. 5 is configured by locking one end of each thread piece 11 having the same length to the shaft member 20, and the yarn pieces 11 are arranged radially around the shaft member 20. The periphery of the shaft member 20 is covered with the yarn piece 11. Such a planting material 16 is manufactured by the manufacturing technique of a moll yarn. The columnar planting floor 34 illustrated in FIG. 5 has an opening 47 similar to the cylinder illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, and the planting material 16 is placed in the cylinder 25 having a diameter substantially the same as the length of the yarn piece 11. The yarn piece 11 is inclined with respect to the shaft member 20 in a state of being fitted inside and loaded in the cylinder 25. The planting material 16 illustrated in FIG. 6 has a structure such as a pile fabric having an abnormally long pile length, and is configured such that one end of the yarn piece 11 having the same length is locked to the base material 30. The columnar planting floor 34 is configured by rolling a planting material 16 cut into a strip shape into a cylinder 25 having an inner circumference that is substantially the same as the width of the planting material 16 in a bowl shape. Openings 47 are opened in a straight line on the peripheral surface of the cylinder 25, and the joint 52 of the strip-shaped planting material 16 that is rolled and inserted into a bowl shape overlaps the inside of the opening 47. This columnar planting floor 34 is used by making the cylinder 25 horizontal (horizontal), opening 47 upward, and planting in the opening 47. FIG. 7 illustrates the usage state of the columnar planting floor 34 that is directed to the side. T-shaped joint pipes 53 are fitted to both ends of the cylinder 25, and the lower side of the joint pipe 53. The opening is closed by a lid 54, and the upper opening 55 serves as an inlet for pouring water, and the water 33 injected therefrom is stored in the cylinder interior 25. The outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 25 is covered and decorated with an artificial lawn 56 so that the planting floor interior 34 is not extremely heated by direct sunlight.
[0042]
[Natural automatic water supply and drainage of three-dimensional flower beds]
As shown in FIGS. 40 and 46, the water supply container 94 is connected to the water supply / drainage container 94 ′ through the water supply / drainage pipe 119 so as to be circulated below the upper opening 95 of the water storage container 94, and the water discharge port 127 of the water supply / drainage container 94 ′ is connected to the water supply / drainage pipe. When protruding toward the inside of the cavity of the water supply / drainage container 94 ′ between the level of 119 and the level of the upper opening 95, a three-dimensional flower bed in which water supply / drainage is automated is completed as shown in FIGS. 49 to 58. That is, in the three-dimensional flower bed 49 shown in FIGS. 49 to 58, a plurality of water storage containers 94 that contain the planting material 16 are connected by a water supply / drain pipe 119 below the upper opening 95 so as to be able to circulate. The container 94 ′ is a water supply / drainage container, and a number of planting floors 34 projecting upward from the water supply / drainage container 94 ′ into the container cavity up to the level of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 and the upper opening 95. Arranged in stages. In the three-dimensional flower bed 49 shown in FIGS. 49 to 54, both ends of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 of the planting floor 34 of each step are supported by the rear frame 135, and the front end portion of the water storage container 94 is a diagonal lattice frame surrounded by the front frame 136. The upper drainage pipe 68 is connected to the lower water storage container 94 directly or via the lower water supply / drainage pipe 119, and the water level in the upper water storage container reaches the end 128 of the drainage pipe 68. Then, the excessively supplied water from the water supply pipe 121 sequentially overflows from the tip 128 of the upper drain pipe and is supplied to the lower water storage container 94. Thus, when the water level in the lowermost water storage container reaches the tip 128 of the drain pipe, the water level is discharged from the drain pipe 68 to the drain pipe 138.
[0043]
In the three-dimensional flower bed 49 shown in FIGS. 55 to 58, each stage of the water storage container 94 is supported by a connecting pipe 142 that is surrounded by the frame 39 and connects between the branch pipes 141 supported by the upper and lower horizontal frames 140 and 140. The branch pipe 141 is connected by a pair of upper and lower connecting pipes 142 and 143, and the water supply / drainage pipe 119 that connects the water storage containers of each stage so as to be able to flow is connected to the connection pipe 142 that supports the water storage containers 94 of each stage. The lower connecting pipe 143, the upper connecting pipe 142 that supports the lower water storage container 94, and the portion 144 of the branch pipe 141 that connects the upper and lower connecting pipes 142 and 143 are formed in a wave shape in an up and down zigzag manner. In a part 144 of the branch pipe connecting the upper and lower connecting pipes 142 and 143, a packing 145 is fitted between the lower connecting pipe 143 between the pair of upper connecting pipes 142 in the upper and lower stages, and each of the upper pair of upper connecting pipes 142 and 143 is connected. The connection pipe 142 and the lower connection pipe 143 are partitioned by a packing 145 (FIG. 57, c). However, since the uppermost upper connecting pipe 142a does not have a water storage container thereabove, it does not constitute a part of the water supply / drainage pipe, and may simply be connected between the branch pipes in a decorative manner. It is not necessary to partition the branch pipe 141 with the packing between the side connecting pipes 143a (FIG. 57B). Further, since the lower-side lower connecting pipe 143c does not have a water storage container below it, the branch pipes 141 and 141 may be connected in a straight line, and the lowermost water supply / drainage pipe 119c can be straightened (see FIG. 57). e). Since the branch pipes 141a and 141b at the left and right ends do not have a water storage container on the outside thereof, it is not necessary to use them for a part of the water supply / drainage pipe. The ends of the connecting pipes 142 and 143 supported by the branch pipes 141a and 141b at the left and right ends are packing. It is closed at 145 (FIGS. 57 b and f). A water supply pipe and a drain pipe 138 are provided below the lowermost water supply / drainage pipe 119c (143c), a distribution pipe 146 of the water supply pipe 44 is provided above the uppermost water storage container 94a, and branch pipes 141a at both left and right ends. 141b are closed by packing 145, and one end branch pipe 141a is a connecting pipe connecting the water supply pipe 44 and the branch pipe 146, and the portion of the water supply pipe 44 that appears in the end branch internal 141a A water passage hole 147 is opened (FIG. 57D). A water supply port 121 is provided at the center of the distribution pipe 146 toward the upper central water storage container 94a ′. The drainage pipes 68 projecting from the mouths 128 are provided in the central water storage containers 94a ', 94b', 94c 'of each stage, and the lower ends of the uppermost and middle drainage pipes are located at the center of the lower stage. The lower end of the lowermost drain pipe 68c is connected to the drain pipe 138 (FIG. 57e).
[0044]
FIG. 58 shows a water supply / drainage path incorporated in the three-dimensional flower bed 49 shown in FIGS. 55 to 57, and when the water supplied from the water supply port 121 reaches a predetermined water level in the uppermost water storage container 94a, The water overflowing from the end of the drain pipe 68a of the water storage container 94a 'is sent to the middle water storage container 94b', and when the middle water storage container 94b reaches a predetermined water level, the water drain pipe 68b 'of the central water storage container 94b'. The water overflowing from the tip of the drainage pipe is sent to the lowermost water storage container 94c. When the lowermost water storage container 94c reaches a predetermined water level, the water overflowing from the tip of the drainage pipe 68c is discharged to the drainage pipe 138. As described above, the water level of each stage is appropriately set by changing the level of the tip 128 of the drain pipe 68. Accordingly, the distribution pipe 146 is partitioned by the water supply port 121, and one end branch pipe 141b where the water passage hole 147 is not opened is opened to the lowermost water supply / drainage pipe 119c (143c), and the lowermost water level is detected therein. If the sensor to be installed is incorporated and the water supply port 121 is opened and closed by the water level detection signal 148 detected by the sensor, the water in all the water storage containers is automatically maintained at a predetermined water level. In that case, considering the oxygen replenishment effect on the planting material due to the fluctuation of the water level, the water supply port 121 may be opened and closed intermittently so as to reach the maximum water level after a certain time after reaching the minimum water level.
[0045]
To straighten the water supply / drainage pipe of the three-dimensional flower bed planting device shown in FIGS. 55 to 58 in the same manner as the water supply / drainage pipe of the three-dimensional flower bed planting device shown in FIGS. 49 to 54, as shown in FIGS. Straight water supply / drainage pipes 119 arranged on the upper and lower sides of the branch pipes 141 arranged in parallel at intervals substantially equal to the height of the water storage container 94 are joined by clamps 156, and the L-shaped relay pipe 68 is placed with the tip up. Projected to the water supply / drainage pipe 119, the water storage container 94 is placed on the relay pipe 68, the tip of the relay pipe 68 is fitted into the insertion hole on the bottom surface of the water storage container 94, and the tip of the U-shaped is bent downward in a hook shape The upper part of the water storage container 94 is fitted to the clip 157, and the clip 157 bent downward is hooked on the upper water supply / drainage pipe 119. Then, like the three-dimensional flower bed planting device shown in FIGS. 55 to 58, the labor of opening a hole in the branch pipe 141 to join the connecting pipes 142 and 143 and the trouble of loading the packing 145 on the branch pipe 141 can be saved. When the foreign matter is clogged, the water supply / drainage pipe 119 is easy to clean, and a three-dimensional flower bed planting device in which a large space necessary for plant growth is provided on the upper side of the water storage container 94 is easily obtained. In addition, in the three-dimensional flower bed shown in FIGS. 49 to 58, a large number of planting floors 34 in which a plurality of water storage containers 94 are arranged in a straight line are arranged vertically in several vertical stages. In addition, the planting floor 34 can be arranged in a curved line or diagonally up and down, so that banks, road slopes and other large slopes can be easily greened. In addition, a device in which a plurality of water storage containers 94 are connected by a water supply / drain pipe 119 and the planting material 16 is excluded from the planting floor 34 and the three-dimensional flower bed 49 that supply and drain water from the bottom of the water storage containers 94 is connected to the water storage container 94 by Kanuma. A porous material such as soil or pumice can be used instead of the planting material, and used as a planting device.
[0046]
[General method for planting materials]
The planting material illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 15 has a structure such as a pile fabric having an abnormally long pile length, and such a planting material can be manufactured according to a hand-woven manufacturing method. FIGS. 16-19 show the structure of the planting material 16 manufactured according to the manufacturing technique of a general pile fabric, and automatic mass production of a planting material is attained by the structure. The planting material 16 shown in FIG. 16 is a warp knitting machine in which thick and long knitting needles are arranged with a coarse gauge, and a yarn yarn with packing folds 39 instead of pile yarn is knitted into the ground knitted fabric, and the yarn piece as a long pile 11 is protruding from the knitted fabric. The entire planting material becomes an expanded view of a normal warp knitted pile fabric used as a chair upholstery. 70 is a ground warp and 71 is an insertion thread. The ground knitted fabric 30 is knitted by engaging the insertion yarn 71 with a chain stitch knitted by the ground warp yarn 70. In the knitting process, the yarn piece 11 is knitted into a chain stitch knitted by the ground warp yarn 70 and is locked to the ground knitted fabric 30 by the chain stitch. The planting material 16 shown in FIG. 17 is woven by a pile weaving tape yarn 39 with a packing fold as a pile yarn in a pile loom with rough wings. The ground fabric 30 is woven in a plain weave structure with ground warp yarns 72 and ground weft yarns 73, and the root 35 of the yarn piece 11 is bent in a W shape and is intertwined with the weft yarns 73 and locked. The entire planting material is a garment in which a woven pile fabric (moquette) used as a chair fabric is expanded. The planting material shown in FIG. 18 is made by a tufted machine in which thick and long needles 76 are roughly arranged. The tape yarn 39 with a folding fold is inserted into the base fabric 30 as a pile yarn, the tape yarn 39 protruding in a loop shape is locked with a looper 74, and is cut with a looper 74 and a knife 75. The whole planting material will be an expanded version of a commercially available tufted carpet. The planting material shown in FIG. 19 is made according to the manufacturing technique of the bonded carpet. The tape yarn 39 with folding folds is folded into a U shape as a pile yarn and is implanted in an adhesive application layer 77 applied to the base fabric 30.
[0047]
[Easy production method of planting materials]
20 to 26 illustrate a planting material that is easily made without requiring special technical means. The planting material shown in FIG. 20 is obtained by cutting a bundle of tape yarns into a predetermined length to obtain a yarn piece bundle 79, which is collected and placed in a fence-like container surrounded by a ridge 24 or other mesh. It is configured. With this method, planting materials can be made as long as there is a cocoon. In FIG. 20, the upper opening of the container 24 is illustrated to be closed with a fence-like lid 78, but the fence-like lid 78 is used to widely spread planting materials using the fence-like container 24 in parks and other places. When the planting floor is formed side by side, it protects the yarn pieces from being stepped over and does not become an essential member of the planting material. If a hard and strong container 24 is used, as shown in FIG. 21, a vast planting floor 34 can be obtained by spreading it in a vast water tank 26. FIG. 22 illustrates a planting material 16 configured by inserting a bundle of yarn pieces 79 into the opening of the concrete block 27. If this concrete block 27 is spread in the vast aquarium 26 shown in FIG. 21, the planting floor 34 which can be walked on is made. In the manufacturing process of the wide plastic film 18, the yarn piece bundle 79 is divided into a plurality of tape yarns 19 through the guide bar 88 with a cutter through the wide plastic film 18 extruded from the T-die extruder. Alternatively, in the manufacturing process of the tape yarn 19, the wide plastic film 18 is divided into a plurality of tape yarns 19 through a guide bar 88 with a cutter, the plurality of divided tape yarns 19 are converged, and the drawing roll 89 It is made by cutting to the required length while pulling out. FIG. 23 and FIG. 26 illustrate a method of binding the yarn piece bundle 79 so that the yarn piece bundle 79 cannot be unwound. The yarn piece bundle 79 is drawn into a tube 80 in which the cylindrical net bag 23 is previously fitted and attached, and a drawing jig is drawn. If the cylindrical net bag 23 and the yarn piece bundle 79 are cut out to a required length while being pulled out from the tube 80 by 90, a yarn piece bundle 79 that is wrapped in the cylindrical net bag 23 and cannot be obtained is obtained.
[0048]
Further, when the yarn piece bundle 79 drawn out from the tube 80 is cut with a heat cutter (heating wire) 81 or the cut opening is heated, the ends of the yarn pieces 11 appearing at the cut opening are fused. , It will also prevent unraveling at the cutting edge. Since the melt lump 82 is formed at the end of the yarn piece 11 thus heated, if the adhesive 29 is applied thereto, the anchoring effect by the melt lump 82 is generated, and the cutting opening cannot be easily understood. A yarn bundle 79 is completed. In this way, the yarn piece bundle 79 in which the cutting opening is unfastened is divided into two equal parts by the cutter 91, and the cutting opening is used as the tip protruding surface 13. In the yarn piece bundle 79 using the low specific gravity plastic tape yarn 19 or the film 18 like polypropylene, a heavy cylindrical ring 83 is fitted to the converging portion (29) of the yarn piece bundle that becomes the bottom of the planting material, Or if the adhesive 29 of high specific gravity such as cement is applied, the planting material 16 which does not float in water will be obtained.
[0049]
FIG. 24 illustrates another method of binding the yarn piece bundle 79 so as not to be unraveled. The yarn piece bundle 79 uses a foldable tape yarn 39 that becomes the yarn piece 11 as a weft (or warp), A fabric 85 woven or knitted with coarse intervals between warp yarns 84 (or weft yarns) intersecting with it is wound with the length direction of the tape yarn 39 in the direction of the core, and is cut into a required length. . According to this method, the yarn pieces 11 are bundled by the warp yarns 84 (or weft yarns) orthogonal to the tape yarn 39 with the signature, and the yarn piece bundle 79 is difficult to be unwound. The yarn piece bundle 79 shown in FIG. 24 is obtained by joining the yarn pieces and the yarn pieces with yarns, and heat-bonding the woven fabric orthogonally to the yarn pieces arranged in parallel like warps and wefts. Alternatively, the yarn pieces may be overlapped with each other via the heat-fusible resin or tape. The planting material 16 made as the yarn bundle 79 includes the cylinder 25 shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the planter 40 shown in FIGS. 8 to 15, the fence container 24 shown in FIG. 27. A bundle of yarn pieces 79 is loaded into a pot 28 such as a cup or cocoon together with seeds 86 placed in a non-moisture permeable bag as shown in FIG. If the planting floor 34 is a planting floor, the yarn bundle 79, which is a planting material, has a hair-like shape, beautiful seeds, germinated seeds, and is hygienic and has a commercial value as a gift. 34 is obtained. FIG. 25 is an enlarged perspective view of the foldable tape yarn 29 described above.
[0050]
FIG. 28 and FIG. 29 illustrate another method of simply binding the yarn piece bundle 79 so that it cannot be unwound. A large number of yarns 19 having the same length direction are bundled through a pair of guide rings 111 and 112 facing each other, and cut by a heat cutter 81 moving between the pair of guide rings 111 and the guide ring 112. Is done. At that time, since the cutting opening 109 is surrounded by the peripheral edges of the openings of the guide rings 111 and 112, the melt 92 of the yarn 19 formed in the cutting opening 109 does not protrude from the cutting opening 109. At 109, the yarn pieces 11 are accumulated between the adjacent yarn pieces 11, and the adjacent yarn pieces 11 and the yarn pieces 11 are joined by the melt 92. As a result, no adhesive is required to join the yarn piece 11 and the yarn piece 11, and the yarn piece 11 and the yarn piece 11 are fused through the melt 92 of the yarn piece 11, The planting material 16 having the bottom surface 93 constituted by the melt 92 is obtained. When the yarn piece bundle 79 thus produced is cut with a cutting tool such as a saw 110 having a jagged edge between the left and right cutting openings 109 and 109, the yarn piece 11 is scratched by the blade edge and vertically cracked ( The planting material 16 in which the tip is finely fluffed and the tip protruding surface 13 is covered with the fine fluff 113 is obtained.
[0051]
As shown in FIG. 42, this is understood as a result of using planting materials 16 and 16 ′ stacked in two upper and lower stages, but the roots of the plants enter and grow from the side of the lower planting material 16. Therefore, when used in such a manner, the lower planting material 16 does not necessarily have a fluffed tip, so when depositing earth and sand 14, it is cut with a heat cutter 81 and melted at both ends. The yarn aggregate fused with the object 92 can also be used as the planting material 16.
[0052]
Regardless of the production method, the planting material 16 is preferably prepared so that the maximum dimension of the bottom surface 93 is 10 cm or less. Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, in the wide planting material 16 made according to the manufacturing method of the pile fabric, it is preferable to cut it so that the maximum dimension of the bottom surface 93 is 10 cm or less. . If the planting material 16 is small, many can be loaded into the tub 24 as shown in FIG. 21, or only a required number can be loaded into the planter 40 shown in FIG. 30 or FIG. Not only can the density of the yarn strips 11 on the planting floor 34 be adjusted according to the type of the plant 31 depending on the number to be done, but it will be easier to wash and remove the roots remaining on the planting material 16 after use. It is. Considering these points, the maximum dimension of the bottom surface 93 of the planting material 16 is 5 cm or less, preferably 2 to 4 cm, so that the planting material 16 can be grasped by hand.
[0053]
[Planting experiment]
To the extent that the seeds do not fall between the yarn pieces (20 cm²(1 spoonful), planting floor 34 prepared by adding earth and sand to the protruding surface of the planting material, chives (satsuki mochi), small persimmon, kale (green leaf cabbage for green juice), cucumbers, mulberry persimmon, komatsuna, Carrot, Viola, Pansy, Petunia, Mini Cyclamen, Lobelia, Carrot, Viola, Pansy, Petunia, Mini Cyclamen, We planted various kinds of verbena, safflower, pine needle peonies, purple flowers, and forget-me-nots, and saw germination, flowering, and harvesting. In addition, each seedling of tomato and eggplant was planted between the yarn pieces of the planting floor 34, and the flowering and harvesting were observed. Also, beconia, origami crane orchid, safinia, tapian, small bamboo shoots, and shibazakura cut flowers are inserted between the yarn pieces of the planting floor 34 adjusted by filling the planting material into the stoppered planter. I saw. In March of the following year, petunia and pine peony, which had been sown and saw germination, flowering, and harvest, saw new germination and flowering of petunia, and new germination of pine needle peony. The pine peony that overwintered, although the trunk of the previous year died, the root swelled thick and shaped like a carrot, and a new germination was seen at the base of the previous year. Furthermore, when young seedlings were placed on the planting floor 34 of the present invention, they grew and flowered, and in the following year, new germination and growth were observed. Through these planting experiments, it was demonstrated that the planting floor 34 of the present invention is suitable for cultivation of all plants.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, as is clear, the planting floor 34 of the present invention is suitable for the cultivation of all plants, and includes cut flower branches, cutting branches, seed beds, planting floors, vegetable storage floors, hydroponics, sewage treatment tanks and other water reservoirs. Planting materials suitable for drying materials for lids, landfills and reclaimed land can be easily obtained, and can be planted easily in high-rise houses and other general households, and fresh vegetables can be obtained while enjoying nature. It is a great place to benefit from the present invention such as greening and enriching daily life.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the planting floor illustrated in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
4 is a partially cut perspective view of the planting floor shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a partially cut perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partially cut perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a part of the planting floor according to the present invention in a circle.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a main part of a planting material loading container according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a main part of a planting material loading container according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a partially cut perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional front view of a planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional front view of a planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a procedure for assembling the planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a procedure for assembling a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing a procedure for assembling the planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a part of the planting material according to the present invention in a circle.
FIG. 24 is an exploded perspective view of a planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 25 is a perspective view of a main part of a yarn piece constituting the planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the planting material manufacturing process according to the present invention.
FIG. 27 is a partially cut perspective view showing a procedure for assembling the planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 28 is a perspective view in the manufacturing process of the planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional front view of a planting material according to the present invention, in which a part is circled with a circle A and a circle B and enlarged.
FIG. 30 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a plaza in which a planting floor according to the present invention is installed.
FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 35 is a perspective view illustrating a part of the planting floor according to the present invention in a circle.
FIG. 36 is a partially cut perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.
FIG. 37 is a partially cut perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.
FIG. 38 is a partially cut perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.
FIG. 39 is a partially cut perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.
FIG. 40 is a partially cut perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 43 is a partially cut perspective view of a plant material for a nursery according to the present invention.
FIG. 44 is a partially cut perspective view of a seedling planting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 45 is a partially cut perspective view of a plant material for a nursery according to the present invention.
FIG. 46 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 47 is a front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 48 is a perspective view illustrating a part of the planting apparatus according to the present invention in a circle.
FIG. 49 is a perspective view of a planting apparatus according to the present invention.
50 is a side view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49. FIG.
51 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX ′ of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 50. FIG.
52 is a front view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49. FIG.
53 is a rear view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49. FIG.
54 is a water supply / drain route diagram of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49. FIG.
FIG. 55 is a perspective view of a planting apparatus according to the present invention.
56 is a perspective view of a main part cutting of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 55. FIG.
FIG. 57 is a front view of the planting device shown in FIG. 55, and shows an enlarged view of six main portions surrounded by a circle.
58 is a water supply / drain route diagram of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 55. FIG.
FIG. 59 is a perspective view of an essential part of the planting apparatus according to the present invention, with a part encircled and enlarged.
FIG. 60 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 61 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 62 is a perspective view of a plastic bowl according to the present invention.
FIG. 63 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.
FIG. 64 is a cross-sectional front view of a conventional plastic bowl.
FIG. 65 is a front view of main parts of a planting apparatus according to the present invention.
66 is a perspective view of main parts of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 65. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
  11 Yarn pieces
  12 Tip
  13 Tip protruding surface
  14 Earth and sand
  15 strata
  16 Planting materials
  18 Film
  19 Tape yarn
  20 Shaft material
  21 Clearance
  23 bags
  24 篭
  25 cylinder
  26 Water tank
  27 Concrete block
  28 bowls
  29 Adhesive
  30 base material
  31 plants
  32 Trunk root
  33 water
  34 Planting floor
  35 roots
  36
  37 Groove
  38 Superposition gap
  39 Tape yarn with eclectic
  40 Planter
  41 Water retention pipe
  42 pipe
  43 mouth
  44 Water supply pipe
  45 base
  46
  47 opening
  48 slopes
  49 3D flower bed
  52 Seam
  53 Connecting pipe
  54 Lid
  55 Upper opening
  56 Artificial lawn
  57 Water surface
  58 Float
  59 Insertion hole
  60 Insertion groove
  61 Drain outlet
  62 Funnel
  63 hook
  64 partition plate
  65 Fertilizer
  66 Spacer
  67 Spacer
  68 Drainage pipe
  69 Water supply pipe
  70 Earth warp
  71 Insertion thread
  72 Ground warp
  73 Weft
  74 Looper
  75 Knives
  76 needle
  77 Coating layer
  78 Fence lid
  79 Yarn pieces
  80 tubes
  81 heat cutter
  82 Molten mass
  83 rings
  84 Warp
  85 fabrics
  86 Seeds
  87 lid
  88 Guide bar with cutter
  89 Draw roll
  90 Drawer jig
  91 cutter
  92 Melt
  93 Bottom
  94 Container body
  95 Opening of container body
  96 lid
  97 Bottom of container body
  98 depression
  99 Sink opening
100 Inside the container body
101 External container
102 inner container
103 Upper depression
104 Permeability hole
105 Inside the inner container
106 Drainage hole
107 cover
108 opening
109 Cut
110 saw
111 Guide ring
112 Guide ring
113 Fluff
114 Water dispersible coating material
115 bowl bottom
116 small hole
117 seedlings
118 Non-permeable base
119 Water supply / drainage pipe
120 Ground
121 water inlet
122 Flowerpot
123 Relay pipe
124 Entry port
125 opening
126 housing
127 Drainage port
128 Drain pipe
129 Case cover
130 Water receiver
131 prop
132 lattice
133 legs
134 tubes
135 Rear frame
136 Front frame
137 lattice
138 Drain pipe
139 frame
140 Horizontal frame
141 Branch
142 Upper connecting pipe
143 Lower connection pipe
144 Part of the branch
145 packing
146 branch pipe
147 Water vent
148 Water level detection signal
149 Foam
150 Fence cover
151 foundation
152 Through hole
153 Water-soluble binder
154 Plastic bowl
155 Adjustment member
156 Clamp
157 clips

Claims (3)

  The melt (92) of the yarn (19) formed by bundling a number of yarns (19) with the length direction aligned in the same direction and cutting with a heat cutter (81), which can be formed in the cutting opening (109) Planting material in which the adjacent thread strip (11) and the thread strip (11) are joined together and the bottom surface (93) is constituted by the melt (92). The planting material according to claim 1, wherein the yarn (19) constituting the planting material is a plastic tape yarn, and the tip of the yarn (19) is vertically cracked, fibrillated and fluffed. Yarn constituting the planting栽資material (19) is a plastic tape yarn, the yarn (19), one of supra claims 1 and claim 2 that have a fold following the length direction Planting materials as described in.

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