JP2010022312A - Rooftop greening which can be easily practised with lightweight materials at low cost - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rooftop greening method which can be easily practised using lightweight materials at a low cost. <P>SOLUTION: The rooftop greening method is carried out by spreading all over a rooftop, greening panels 51 which are formed by fitting a lattice frame 45 into a second water tank 42 made by raising the peripheral edge 41 of a waterproof material 40, and inserting blocks 14 with water retaining function into recessed parts 69 of the lattice frame, and laying natural lawn on an erosion control sheet 63 spread on the panels. The block has sizes p and q so as to have a diameter of a circumscribed circle 16 contacting the periphery 15 of the block of 70-420 mm, and a footprint 66 stepping on the natural lawn is made on a joint 68 between the blocks, and a weight of a walker is decentralized on the whole lattice frame 45 of the greening panel 51 so as to stably support the body. A first water tank 30 is formed inside the block, or the block is made by an accumulated body of a flat plate material 25 so as to store water in a gap 18 between the flat plate materials. It is preferable to fill a yarn bundle 22 in the first water tank. The waste of interior materials made of fiber is used for the flat plate material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a natural lawn planting block and a greening panel mainly used for rooftop greening.

  In the rooftop greening method, a method of planting a natural lawn in a soil layer loaded in the concave portion provided with a large number of concave portions provided with drain holes on the bottom surface in blocks that can be detachably connected and spread (for example, , Refer to Patent Document 1), a method in which culture soil is loaded in a flat container having a depth of 0.5 to 2.0 cm and then cultivated, and a natural lawn is planted in the culture soil (for example, refer to Patent Document 2). A method of planting natural lawn in culture soil loaded in a base frame that is detachably connected and spread (see, for example, Patent Document 3), a method of planting natural lawn in culture soil loaded in a foam concrete container (For example, refer to Patent Document 4), a method of planting a natural lawn in a soil layer laminated on a water guide sheet with drainage grooves (for example, refer to Patent Document 5), and planting a natural lawn in each pot of a panel in which pots are arranged How to (e.g. special Document 6 reference), and the like are known. However, in these rooftop greening methods, culture soil is used, and the container itself for loading the culture soil is heavy, which is not suitable for rooftop greening of existing buildings.

  The inventor of this application arranges hydroponics planters on the roof, connects the planters with water supply pipes, supplies water to all the planters arranged in parallel, and greens the roof (for example, see Patent Document 7), A large layer of water placed on the rooftop is filled with fiber aggregates in a gap layer formed by placing spacers at intervals of 5-30 cm between the surface and the bottom of the perforated base, and a natural lawn planting layer on the surface A method of laying a greening panel formed with green to green the roof (for example, see Patent Document 8) is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-079638 JP 2002-0117170 A JP 2003-061457 A JP 2005-341869 A JP 2007-289207 A JP 2008-017850 A JP-A-11-289864 JP 2001-49670 A

  In the method of connecting the planter disclosed in Patent Document 7 by the water supply pump (hereinafter referred to as prior application technology 1), the inventor of the present application requires a special technique for waterproofing the joint portion between the planter and the water supply pump, The planter itself is subject to sunlight and deteriorates easily, cracks and breaks easily, becomes brittle and easily contaminated, and requires a space for placing a water supply pump between the planter and the planter to be connected. It cannot be filled with planters without gaps, and complete rooftop greening with prior application technique 1 is difficult.

  In the method (hereinafter referred to as prior application technique 2) in which the inventor of the present application discloses a greening panel having a perforated base surface and bottom surface disclosed in Patent Document 8 (hereinafter referred to as prior application technique 2), the width of a commercially available plastic film is: Generally, it is difficult to form a vast aquarium that is 2m or less in length and breadth and exceeds 2m. (2) Even if the end can be welded to form a wide plastic film, it is waterproof at the seam. Special treatment is required for the treatment. (3) Water tank for laying a greening panel is expensive when using conventional waterproof construction where water-proof layers of coal tar and bitumen are stacked in layers. At the same time, the water tank is heavy, so it is not suitable for greening existing rooftops. (4) The greening panel is integrated by connecting the perforated base on the surface and the perforated base on the bottom with a spacer. In order to do so, a large plastic molding machine and a metal mold are required. However, there are few plastic molding companies equipped with such a large plastic molding machine, and the metal mold is expensive. The conversion has failed.

The inventor of the present application made a greening panel according to the prior application technique 2 in which a perforated base on the surface and bottom surface was connected by a spacer using a tray for seedlings discharged from a home center, and a fiber aggregate was inserted into it. Then, a greening experiment in which a natural lawn is placed on the plant and planted has been started over two periods, 1997 and 2001. In the first phase experiment started in 1997, a lower base fabric, a thick vinyl film and an upper base fabric were layered on the parapet (veranda) on the third floor of the building. A water tank with a depth of about 5 cm and an area of about 2 m ² is constructed. A natural lawn is placed on a greening panel spread over the water tank, and a greening experiment begins. Three years after the start of the experiment, slaked lime is sprayed once. However, it is left as it is until now, but the leaf axis of the natural lawn grows beautifully, the stem extends beyond the brick, and the periphery of the aquarium is also greened by the leaf axis.

  In the second phase experiment started in 2001, a water channel water tank with a width of about 45 cm and a length of about 10 m, doubled with roofing roofing roofs, and a nursery pot with a width of about 40 cm, a depth of about 60 cm, and a depth of about 7 cm. A simple water tank in which a polypropylene black film with a thickness of about 40μm and kneaded carbon black is double-laid on a tray for use. It is arranged in six horizontal rows, laid on a raised flower bed that is arranged around the arranged seedling trays with bricks piled up and arranged in appearance, and in each aquarium with a water tank and a simple tank arranged in the raised flower bed, Just as in the first experiment, a greening experiment was started by fitting a handmade greening panel and placing a natural lawn on it.

  The water tank in the second phase was thought to have leaked five years after the start of the experiment, but it was left as it was, and all the greening panels were lifted up in the seventh year (2008) of the start of the experiment. Looking at it, it was confirmed that it was due to hydrolysis, and the ruching was torn everywhere, and it was confirmed that the dokudami sprouted from the tear.

  In the simple aquarium arranged in the flower bed of the second experiment, it was thought that some of the simple aquariums had water leakage five years after the start of the experiment, but they were left as they were, and the seventh year after the start of the experiment (2008) ), The greening panel of the simple water tank that seems to be leaking water was pulled up, and when the water tank was filled with water, water dripped from the bottom, and any part of the polypropylene black film It was confirmed that there was a pinhole. Five years after the start of the experiment, it was thought that water leakage had occurred in the simple tank. The natural lawn that had grown over the entire surface of the greening panel died at the center of the greening panel five years later. This is due to the fact that only the natural lawn on the edge of the greening panel grew without dying. In some other simple tanks laid in the raised flower bed, the natural lawn grows beautifully even now in the seventh year (2008) after the start of the experiment. Therefore, it was considered that the amount of fiber aggregate inserted into the greening panel had a great influence on the deterioration of the plastic black film and the growth of the natural lawn.

The inventor of the present application has obtained the following knowledge through the above experiment.
(1) Fiber aggregates have water retention properties similar to mineral soils, and if the amount of insertion into the greening panel is large, the effects of shielding electromagnetic waves such as infrared rays of sunlight and heat rays from the fiber aggregates will increase. The plastic black film is not easily deteriorated, and the water retention function of the fiber accumulation is enhanced, so that even if water leaks due to pinholes, the natural lawn is difficult to withstand.
(2) Even if pinholes occur in some simple tanks laid in the raised flower bed and the water storage function is impaired, if the other simple tanks are storing water, the stored simple tanks The stalks of natural lawn laid on the hill extend to the greening panel of the simple water tank that has lost its adjacent water storage function, and the greening state of the adjacent greening panel is barely maintained.
(3) Even if pinholes occur in some simple tanks laid in the raised flower bed and the water storage function is impaired, if other simple water tanks are storing water, adjacent simple water tanks and simple water tanks The natural lawn roots that fall in the slight gap between them are sandwiched between the side walls of adjacent simple water tanks and are difficult to dry, and only the natural lawn around the edge of the greening panel that follows the roots continues to grow without dying.
(4) For rooftop greening, a continuous vast aquarium covering the entire roof is not always necessary. Even if small aquariums are scattered, the distance between the scattered aquariums and aquariums is natural. As long as the stalks of the lawn extend, the part without water between the aquariums is greened by the stalks that have grown from the natural lawn that grows by obtaining the water of the interspersed aquariums.
(5) If the greening panel placed in the aquarium has a fine gap that has a water retention function, the roots of the natural lawn that have fallen into the gap inside the greening panel will remain in the gap even if the water in the aquarium drains. Surrounded, hard to dry, keeps vitality.
(6) In plastic black films with high flexibility such as ruching, even if the high-molecular substance (polymer) that is the material has weather resistance, plasticizers and other aids that are blended to maintain the flexibility The agent is hydrolyzed, or the hydrolysis is accelerated by electromagnetic waves such as infrared rays of sunlight and heat rays, and the plastic black film is easily deteriorated, altered, or embrittled, and pinholes are easily generated.
(7) If the amount of fiber accumulation inserted into the greening panel is large, electromagnetic waves such as sunlight infrared rays and heat rays are taken away by the fiber accumulation, and the plastic black film constituting the aquarium is deteriorated, altered, It becomes difficult to become brittle.
(8) The fiber aggregate is unstable in shape, is difficult to handle and easily crushed, is difficult to load into a greening panel, requires time for its use, and needs to be blocked into a shape with a fixed shape.

  Furthermore, the inventor of the present application, when looking at the footprints on the tile floor or road surface, the size of the footwear is generally around 30 cm, so the size is less than 30 cm, such as 8 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, etc. On tiled floors and roads, most of the footprints can be joints between the tiles (joints), and it is rare that footprints can be gathered on only one tile even in a tile that is about 30 cm in size, the size of footwear. From this, when the size of the greening panel is set to 30 cm or less, it seems that there is no need to arrange a spacer between the surface and the bottom as in the greening panel disclosed in Patent Document 8 above. . A greening panel surrounded by a circumscribed circle having a size of 30 cm or less and a diameter of 420 mm or less, particularly a greening panel surrounded by a circumscribed circle having a size of 15 cm or less and a diameter of 230 mm or less, has a mold used for plastic molding. Small, therefore, without the need for large plastic molding machines, green panels can be molded by small plastic molding machines that are widely used for various plastic containers, much more than conventional concrete blocks and bricks. Because it is light and easy to carry, it was easy to construct on the rooftop, and it was learned that rooftop greening could be implemented in practice.

The present inventor further investigated the water storage function and the water retention function of the fiber aggregate and soil (sediment), the water accumulation function of the fiber aggregate is significantly larger than the water storage function of the soil, and the water retention function of the fiber aggregate. It was found that is significantly larger than the water retention function of soil. That is, the volume of the fine gap that can be stored in the compressed compact of the compacted piece of fully compressed carpet is 60 to 80% by volume of the volume of the compacted compressed product, but is contained in the sufficiently dry soil of the field. The volume of fine gaps that can be stored is 30 to 40% by volume of the dry soil, and the volume of fine gaps in the accumulated compressed product with a carpet thickness of 5 cm is the fineness of the sediment with a dry soil thickness of 5 cm in the field. There are 2 to 3 times the volume of the gap, and the water storage function of the accumulated compressed product of the carpet is significantly larger than the water storage function of the dry soil of the field, and the integrated compressed product with a carpet thickness of 5 cm is the dry soil of the field. Has a water storage function equivalent to that of a sediment having a thickness of 15 cm.
This is based on the results of an indoor experiment, but the moisture accumulated in the fine gaps of the accumulated compressed material having a thickness of 5 cm where the carpet was accumulated was retained for about 45 days. The water accumulated in the fine gaps of the dry soil deposits in the 5 cm thick field is completely lost in about 15 days, the dry soil deposits become completely dry, and the water retention function of the accumulated compressed compaction of the carpet is It is superior to the water retention function of sediment in dry soil. Then, the accumulated compressed product of the carpet compressed until the volume of the fine gap becomes 60 to 80% by volume is further compressed so that the volume of the fine gap becomes 60% by volume or less by multiplying the weight on it. Have difficulty.
The bulk density of the carpet compacted compact is generally 0.35, the bulk specific gravity of the dry soil deposit in the field is generally 1.40, and the bulk specific gravity of the carpet compacted compact is the bulk specific gravity of the dry soil. Less than 30%, the accumulated compact of carpet is significantly lighter than the dry soil in the field.
Even if the accumulated compressed product of the carpet is pressurized and compressed so that the volume of the fine gap becomes 60% by volume or less, the accumulated compressed product of the carpet is elastically restored to the original volume when the compressive load is released. The volume of the fine gap becomes 60% by volume or more, and does not form a hard lump like compressed soil, and the form of a bulky fiber assembly with the volume of the fine gap of 60% by volume or more is elastic. To be kept.

  The inventor of the present application, when installing a natural lawn on the fiber assembly, from the fact that the natural lawn grows by rooting in the gap between the fibers, for rooftop greening that requires weight reduction, It was found that the accumulated compact of carpets and other fabrics is extremely useful as artificial soil instead of dry soil.

The present invention has been completed based on these findings, and a first object is to green the vast rooftop easily without using a vast water tank or a large greening panel.
The second object of the present invention is to cut carpet scraps, carpet tiles and other fabrics that are mainly discharged from the textile industry, fiber interior materials that are discharged from the tailoring process of automobile interior materials, or scrapped vehicles. Industrial waste such as interior material waste used in automobiles is made into a block with a fixed shape for easy handling, and it is used effectively to make a vast rooftop green easily.
A third object of the present invention is to block a fiber greening material discarded after use for rooftop greening into a form that is easy to burn, and to facilitate effective use as a solid fuel.

In the present invention, (a) the front surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 face each other in parallel in the cross section, and the peripheral side surface 13 constituting the four sides of the front surface, the back surface and the left and right side surfaces extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 is cylindrical. (B) a void 18 extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 inside the block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13, and (c) contacting the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11. Each diameter (D _o ) of the surface circumscribed circle 16 and the bottom circumscribed circle in contact with the periphery of the bottom surface 12 is 70 to 420 mm, and (d) the surface inscribed circle 17 in contact with the periphery 15 of the surface 11 and the periphery of the bottom surface 12. Each diameter (D _i ) of the inscribed circle on the bottom surface in contact is 50 mm or more, and (e)
The thickness of the block 14 from the surface 11 through to bottom surface 12 (T) is, is at 20mm or more, and, the natural grass planting block is less than the diameter of the surface inscribed circle 17 and the bottom surface inscribed circle (D _i) first One feature.

Thus, when the diameter of the bottom surface circumscribed circle which is in contact with the peripheral edge of the surface circumscribed circle 16 and the bottom surface 12 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 of the block 14 (D _o) are both equal to or less than 420 mm, the size of the footwear generally 30cm before and after For this reason, most of the footprints 66 can be formed at the joints 68 between the blocks 14 and 14, and foot pressure is rarely concentrated on one block 14 (see FIG. 3). It is not necessary to interpose a spacer between the surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 in order to prevent dents due to foot pressure on the surface 11, and even if the block 14 becomes relatively small, it can be molded by a small plastic molding machine. Because it is small and lightweight, it is easy to carry and easy to install on the rooftop.

In that respect, each of the surface circumscribed circle 16 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 of the block 14 and the bottom circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface 12, such as a brick or tile having a size of 15 cm or less laid on the floor surface or road surface. Both diameters (D _o ) are preferably set to 230 mm or less.

  And the block 14 is a regular triangle that can spread the shape of the surface 11 like a brick or tile laid on the floor or road surface, a quadrilateral (rectangle, rhombus) with a sum of internal angles of 180 °, or It is preferable to use a regular hexagon. By doing so, the block 14 can be laid and constructed with a sense of laying bricks and tiles.

  The second feature of the present invention is a container block in which the block 14 can be loaded with a filler in addition to the first feature, and the void 18 inside the block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13 is loaded with the filler. It is the cavity 19 to be obtained, and the peripheral side surface 13 constitutes the peripheral wall 20 having a thickness (S) surrounding the cavity 19 of 1 to 5 mm.

  A third feature of the present invention is that, in addition to the second feature, a porous filler 21 is inserted into a cavity 19 inside a container block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13.

The porous filler 21 to be inserted into the cavity 19 includes (1) a deposit of fiber fragments 57, (2)
A yarn bundle 22 that can be loaded with a number of fiber yarns being bundled and the length direction of the fiber yarns is directed in the thickness (T) direction of the block 14, or (3) the thickness of the flat plate material 25 ( t) A large number of flat plate materials that can be loaded in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the block 14 and in which a gap 26 between the front surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 of the block is interposed between the large number of flat plate materials 25, 25. There may be 25 stacks 65. These porous fillers 21 lack regularity, but are inserted into the cavities 19 to be blocked and easy to handle.

The yarn bundle 22 is formed by bundling a large number of fiber yarns having a flat cross-sectional shape, and a plurality of fiber yarn ends 24 are welded and integrated with each other on the bottom surface side of the container-type block 14. It suffices if the ends 23 of the fiber yarns are separated from each other on the surface side of the expression block 14 (see FIG. 7). Since the ends 23 of the fiber yarns are separated on the surface side as described above, the yarn bundle 22 is made bulkier than the other porous fillers 21 so that the bulk specific gravity becomes 0.02 to 0.06. I can do it.
In that case, the fiber yarn has a cross-sectional flatness of 10 or more, preferably a flattening rate of 100 or more, more preferably a flattening rate of 1000 or more, that is, a thickness of 100 μm or less in the length direction. It is preferable to use a polypropylene tape yarn that is stretched and easily cracks in the longitudinal direction.
When a plurality of yarn bundles 22 are inserted into the cavity 19, the inside of the cavity 19 is partitioned by the separator 67 so that the yarn bundle 22 to be loaded is not biased in the inside of the cavity 19. The separator 67 may be a horizontal type fitted into the cavity 19 or a vertical type. In the horizontal separator 67, as shown in FIG. 7, a fitting hole into which the yarn bundle 22 is fitted is provided. The vertical separator 67 is constituted by a plurality of partition plates, and the two partition plates are divided into block cavities 19 as shown in FIG. 11, for example, so that the yarn bundle 22 and the yarn bundle 22 are partitioned by the partition plates. If it arrange | positions on the diagonal which connects the vertex of the rectangular cross section of this, the container-type block 14 will be reinforced by two partition plates, and it will become a stable structure. In the central portion located at the intersection of two diagonal lines of the rectangular section of the cavity 19 of the container-type block of the partition plate shown in FIG. 11, a fitting groove for fitting the two partition plates is attached. As described above, when the inside 19 of the cavity is partitioned by the two partition plates, the structure of the container block 14 is not stably crushed.

  The aggregate 65 of the flat plate material 25 may be a broken piece of the fabric. The fabric is a bulky, fine internal void, and a Wilton carpet with a pile protruding from a base fabric having a strong compressive resilience that is not easily pushed down when stepped on, a tufted carpet with a pile protruding from the base fabric A carpet such as a felt carpet in which fibers are entangled is preferably used. These carpets may be long strip-shaped ear ends that are several tens of meters long as cutting scraps in the manufacturing process, and tiles having a backing layer of 1 mm or more in thickness made of a synthetic resin composition. It may be carpet cutting waste.

In the porous filler 21 made of the flat plate material 25, the carpet or other cloth has a width of 30 cm or less, preferably 15 cm or less, and a length of the block 14 that is less than the diameter (D _i ) of the inscribed circle 17 of the block 14. A large number of strips of 15 cm or less, preferably 3 to 10 cm, more preferably 4 to 7 cm, which are equal to the thickness (T), are bundled (see FIGS. 8 and 9), and are fused on the bottom side of the block 14. Thus, it is configured integrally or by being bound by the binding member 27.

The deposit of the fiber fragments 57 used for the porous filler 21 may be one in which the fibers are entangled in a non-woven shape and swelled like a futon cotton, and the non-woven fabric is formed by an adhesive or adhesive fiber. What is called hard cotton or resin cotton in which the fibers are entangled with each other may be used. The porous filler 21 can also be configured as a deposit of granules 56.
The granule 56 used for the porous filler 21 may be a plastic or mineral material such as a plastic product or a pulverized product of ceramics, and its particle size is generally 1 to 10 mm.
However, even if it is a mineral, it is not used as the porous filler 21 because it is not porous and contains fine powder such as earth and sand or sludge that is susceptible to the occurrence of bacilli that are inconvenient for planting. .
In the porous filler 21, as the water 58 in the water tank evaporates, impurities and spoilage components in the water migrate to the surface of the water through the porous filler 21, and further pass through the porous filler 21 to the planting tank 39. It is removed from the water by the so-called migration phenomenon, and the root of the plant sucks up water and is supplied with fresh water according to the consumption by the root of the plant, so water rot and root rot occur. There is absolutely nothing. In this respect, flat yarn material aggregates of broken pieces of fabric such as carpets in which the fiber yarns are continuous in the thickness (T) direction of the container block 14, particularly a yarn bundle formed by bundling a large number of fiber yarns. It is effective to use 22 as the porous filler 21.

  The fourth feature of the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the second and third features, the peripheral edge 15 and the peripheral edge 15 facing each other on the surface side 11 of the cavity 19 inside the container block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13. The brazing material 28 is spanned between the two, and the surface 11 of the container-type block is partitioned by the brazing material 28, and the separating brazing material 28 forms a mesh structure including a plurality of mesh gaps 29. (See FIGS. 5 and 8).

  The fifth feature of the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the second and third features, a peripheral edge (15) facing the bottom surface side 12 of the cavity 19 inside the container block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13. A brazing material 28 is bridged between the peripheral edges (15), and the bottom surface 12 of the block is partitioned by the brazing material 28. The partitioning brazing material 28 constitutes a mesh structure composed of a plurality of mesh gaps 29. (See FIG. 6).

  The sixth feature of the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the second and third features, a cavity 19 inside the container block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13 is closed on the bottom side 12. The container type block 14 is in the point which comprises the primary water tank 30 (refer FIG. 7). When the bottom side 12 of the internal cavity 19 of the container block 14 is closed to form the primary water tank 30, an overflow port 31 is provided between the bottom surface 12 of the peripheral side surface 13 surrounding the cavity 19 and the surface 11. The water surface (water level) 48 of the water tank 30 is prevented from reaching the surface 11 of the container block 14 (see FIG. 7).

  The natural lawn planting block 14 accumulates the flat plate material 25, the thickness (t) direction of the flat plate material 25 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the block 14, and the surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 of the block 14 are flat. The cross section 32 of the material 25 is configured, the front surface 33 and the back surface 34 of the block 14 are each configured by the flat surface 35 of the flat plate material 25, and the left and right side surfaces 36 of the block 14 are configured by the side edges 37 of the flat material 25. It is possible to form a flat plate material block in which a gap 26 between 25 and 25 between each other constitutes a gap 18 extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 of the block 14. That is, the porous filler 21 made of the flat plate material 25 can be used alone as the natural lawn planting block 14. In that case, like the porous filler 21 made of the flat plate material 25, a large number of flat plate materials 25 are prepared and bundled as strips of carpets and other fabrics, and are fused and integrated on the bottom surface side of the flat plate material block 14. Alternatively, the block 14 may be integrally formed by binding with the binding member 27.

In order to fuse and integrate the flat plate material 25 and the flat plate material 25 on the bottom surface side 12 of the flat material block 14 and the porous filler 21 made of the flat plate material, The stacked body 65 is piled up, and cut and cut by applying a belt cutter or a circle cutter with poor sharpness whose blade edge moves at high speed. Many carpets and other fabrics applied as the flat material 25 are made of a thermoplastic polymer material such as nylon, polyester, polyolefin, etc. If the cutting performance of the belt cutter or circle cutter is poor, the cutting process is performed. Due to the frictional heat generated in the above, the flat plate materials are fused extremely firmly at the cutting opening (see FIG. 9).
In the case where a material made of non-thermoplastic polymer such as cotton fiber, hemp fiber, wool fiber, paper pulp, etc. is applied as the flat plate material 25, an aggregate in which fabrics made of thermoplastic polymer are mixed with a film And cut and cut with a belt cutter or circle cutter with poor sharpness. Then, the cut edge of the flat material made of the non-thermoplastic polymer material becomes fluffed, and the hot melt of the flat plate material made of the thermoplastic polymer material is fused to the fluff of the non-thermoplastic polymer material and the thermoplastic polymer material. A strong film entangled with the hot melt can be formed at the cutting edge, and the flat plate material block 14 and the porous filler 21 in which the flat plate materials are integrated are formed.

However, on the surface side 11 of the flat material block 14 and the porous filler 21 made of the flat material, a gap 18 necessary for the plant to take root is formed at the cutting edge without firmly fusing the flat materials to each other. Like that. To that end, a belt cutter or a circle cutter with good sharpness is used, or even if a cutter with poor sharpness is used, the cutting edge is slowed so that high frictional heat is not generated.
Therefore, when cutting and cutting the flat plate material assembly 65 continuously, use a belt cutter or a circle cutter with a sharp edge and a belt cutter or a circle cutter with a poor edge alternately, or rotate at high speed. A belt cutter or a circle cutter and a belt cutter or a circle cutter rotating at a low speed are alternately used.
As a belt cutter or circle cutter with poor sharpness, a cutter that uses abrasive blades such as a grinder used for cutting steel, or a belt cutter or circle cutter (metal plate) with no cutting edge is used, and a saw blade is used. When doing so, use the blade tip in the reverse direction.

When the porosity of the gap 26 (gap 18) inside the flat plate material aggregate 65 becomes 80% or more and the bulk specific gravity of the aggregate 65 becomes 0.30 or less, the block 14 can be cut and cut. It is difficult to form a film having a constant thickness due to the hot melt of the flat plate material, and the hot melt of the flat plate material is fused to the cut port intermittently, and the gap 26 between the flat plate materials is The space | gap 18 appears and the flat material block 14 and the porous filler 21 which can be used without distinguishing in the surface side 11 and the bottom face side 12 are obtained. The flat plate material assembly 65 can be cut with a heat cutter using an electric heater, and the bulk product 65 having a bulk specific gravity of 0.1 or less can be cut with the gap 18 left in the cutting opening. .
The same applies to the case where the porous filler 21 is made of fiber yarns.
A narrow flat plate material or a thin flat plate material that can be twisted into a string shape can be used as a fiber yarn, and thereby a yarn bundle 22 can be formed.

  When the plates 25 and 25 are fused to each other by frictional heat, the bundling member 27 (see FIG. 9) for bundling the plate material aggregate 65 to form the plate material block 14 and the porous filler 21 is used. , Not necessarily required. In that case, a hard shaft rod 70 such as a non-sharp end millimeter or a non-sharp drill is rotated into the stack 65 while being rotated at right angles to the surface of the flat plate material 25, and the stack is generated by frictional heat generated at that time. The through-hole 71 is opened in 65, and at the same time, the plate materials 25 and 25 are fused by the hot melt of the plate material (see FIG. 12). The through-hole 71 can be opened by pushing a heeled heating rod into the integrated body 65 in addition to the hard shaft rod 70. The flat plate material block 14 with the through holes 71 thus opened can be used as the greening panel 51 as it is by connecting the connecting rods 72 through the through holes 71 and connecting the blocks 14 and 14 together. Apart from that, it can be used as a sound absorbing material, a sound insulating material, a heat insulating material, a heat insulating material, a cushioning material and other interior materials (see FIG. 12).

In the cross section, the front surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 face each other in parallel, and the three-dimensional structure block in which the peripheral side surface 13 constituting the four surfaces of the front surface, the back surface, and the left and right side surfaces extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 forms a cylindrical shape. The planting layer 39 of the natural lawn 38 is laminated on the surface 11 of 14.
Sediment adheres to the roots 60 and stems 61 of commercially available natural grass, and the soil forms the planting layer 39. When a commercially available natural lawn is placed on the surface 11 of the block 14, it is preferable to remove the earth and sand adhering to the roots 60 and stems 61, so that the rooftop can be greened lightly.
As described above, even if the earth and sand are removed from the root 60 and the stem 61, the natural lawn grows naturally by dropping the roots in the voids 18 of the block 14 and the porous filler 21.
However, the earth and sand laminated on the porous filler 21 loaded in the water tank is porous even if the surface (11) of the porous filler 21 is separated from the water surface (48) in the porous filler. A moisture trapping function that captures moisture rising from the filler and becomes a moist state and a water supply medium function that supplies the trapped moisture to the root 60 are recognized. This means that the porous filler is the yarn bundle 22 and its upper end (23) ( In the porous soil and sand having high moisture absorption and water retention properties such as Kanuma soil and Akadama soil laminated in FIG.
Therefore, in order to prevent moisture from evaporating from the inside 14 of the block, maintain the planting layer 39 in a humidified state, and place the natural lawn in an alkaline atmosphere with soil fungi, it adheres to the root 60 and the stem 61. It is recommended that the earth and sand be knocked down from a commercially available natural lawn to such an extent that the earth and sand remain slightly attached to the roots and stems, without completely washing away the earth and sand that has been washed. The degree to which the earth and sand remain attached to the roots and stems is sufficient if the attached earth and sand can be washed away to form a laminate with a thickness of about 5 mm. A water supply medium function that captures moisture in the porous filler and supplies it to the root 60 will be exhibited.

The seventh feature of the natural lawn planting block of the present invention is as follows: (1) In the cross section, the front surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 face each other in parallel, and the periphery of the front, back and left and right side surfaces extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 The peripheral side surface 13 constituting the four surfaces has a cylindrical shape, and (2) a gap 18 is formed in the block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13 from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12, and (3) the surface 11 The diameters (D _o ) of the surface circumscribed circle 16 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 and the bottom surface circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface 12 are both 420 mm or less. (4) The surface inscribed circle 17 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 Each of the diameters (D _i ) of the bottom inscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of each is 50 mm or more, (5) the thickness (T) of the block from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 is 20 mm or more, and the surface inscribed each diameter of the circle 17 and the bottom surface inscribed circle (D _i) or less (6) The first block is a container-type block 14A, and the second block is a container-type or flat material block 14B ( 7) The container-type first block 14A is fitted on the second block 14B, and the second block 14B is fitted in the cavity 19A of the container-type first block 14A so that it can be inserted and removed.

Between the peripheral edge 15 and the peripheral edge 15 that face each other on the surface side 11 of the container-type first block 14A, a saddle material 28 is bridged, and the surface 11 of the container-type first block 14A is partitioned by the saddle material 28, and the saddle material 28 is partitioned. Thus, the surface side 11 of the container-type first block 14 </ b> A can be formed into a mesh structure including a plurality of mesh gaps 29.
The brazing material 28 is also bridged between the peripheral edge (15) and the peripheral edge (15) facing each other on the bottom surface side 12 of the container-type second block 14B, and the bottom surface 12 of the container-type second block 14B is partitioned by the rib material 28. The bottom surface 12 of the container-type second block 14 </ b> B can be formed into a mesh structure composed of a plurality of mesh gaps 29 by the partitioning material 28.
Alternatively, the container-type second block 14B can be used as the primary water tank 30 by closing the bottom side 12 of the container-type second block 14B.

  In the cavity 19B of the container-type second block 14B, (1) a pile of fiber fragments 57, (2) a number of fiber yarns whose length direction is directed in the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block 14B (3) One end 23 of a number of fiber yarns whose length direction is directed in the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block 14B are welded together and integrated. A bundle of yarns 22 in which the other ends 24 of the many fiber yarns are separated from each other. (4) A large number of flat plate materials 25 are accumulated, and the thickness (t) direction of the flat plate materials 25 is a container type. A flat plate material assembly that is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the two blocks 14B, and in which gaps 26 are interposed between a large number of flat plate materials 25, 25; (5) a large number of fabric fragments ( 25) and the thickness (t) of the broken piece (25) of the fabric. A fabric fragment fragment assembly in which the direction is directed in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block 14B, and a gap 26 is interposed between a number of fabric fragment segments (25, 25); (6) A large number of carpet fragments (25) are accumulated, and the thickness (t) direction of the carpet fragments (25) is perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block 14B. The aggregate of carpet fragments, which is directed and has a gap 26 between a large number of carpet fragments (25, 25). (7) A large number of flat plate materials 25 are accumulated and bound. Flat plate material accumulation in which the thickness (t) direction of the raw material 25 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block 14B, and gaps 26 are interposed between a large number of flat plate materials 25 and 25. Body, (8) any one of granules 56 Quality filler 21 is the charging.

The porous filler 21 loaded in the cavity 19B of the container-type second block 14B may be a bulky material having a bulk specific gravity of 0.10 or less and generally 0.02 to 0.06. Even if it is a thing, since it is wrapped in the container type 1st block 14A and the container type 2nd block 14B, it receives foot pressure and is not crushed.
In particular, in the porous filler 21 that is an assembly of flat plate materials, the hot melt of the flat plate material is fused intermittently at the cutting opening, and it is used without distinction between the front side 11 and the bottom side 12. Even if it is the porous filler 21 whose bulk specific gravity is 0.02-0.30, since the big space | gap 18 and the clearance gap 26 which a plant tends to drop a root can be made inside, it becomes easy to grow a natural lawn.

The eighth feature of the present invention is that a peripheral edge 41 of a flat waterproof material 40 is raised, a water tank 42 having a water blocking wall 43 formed by the peripheral edge 41 of the raised waterproof material 40, and vertically and horizontally in the water tank 42. It is composed of a plurality of partitioning members 44A and 44B that are arranged and crossed to partition the water tank 42 vertically and horizontally, and the partition member 44 of the lattice frame 45 that partitions the water tank 42 vertically and horizontally is the water tank 42. A large number of recesses 69 are formed in the lattice frame 45 and are surrounded by partition members 44A and 44B that are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions and intersect with each other. 69 is in the greening panel 51 which circumscribes a circumscribed circle (D _o ) having a diameter of 70 to 420 mm and inscribed in an inscribed circle (D _i ) having a diameter of 50 mm or more. The block 14 having the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh features is fitted into the recess 69 surrounded by the partition members 44A and 44B in the lattice frame 45 so as to be in the water tank. 42.
In the container block 14, (1) a pile of fiber fragments 57, (2) a yarn bundle 22 formed by binding a large number of fiber yarns, and (3) a large number of flat plate materials 25 are accumulated in the internal cavity 19. Thus, the thickness (t) direction of the flat plate material 25 is oriented in the direction perpendicular to the depth direction of the water tank 42, and the flat plate material accumulation in which gaps 26 are interposed between a large number of flat plate materials 25, 25. The porous filler 21 of the body 65, (4) futon-like fiber aggregate, and (5) granule 56 can be inserted.
Further, in the recess 69 surrounded by the partition members 44A and 44B in the lattice frame 45, instead of the block 14, (1) a pile of fiber fragments 57 and (2) a large number of fiber yarns are bundled. Yarn bundle 22, (3) A large number of flat plate materials 25 are integrated, and the thickness (t) direction of the flat plate material 25 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the depth direction of the water tank 42, It is also possible to insert the porous filler 21 of any one of the flat plate material assembly 65 in which the gap 26 is interposed between 25 and 25, (4) the futon cotton-like fiber assembly, and (5) the granule 56.

According to the rooftop greening method of the present invention, the natural lawn 38 is laid on the greening panel 51 in which the block 14 and the porous filler 21 are loaded in the recess 69.
When the porous filler 21, the flat plate material block 14, and the container block 14 loaded with the porous filler 21 are loaded into the recess 69, the flat plate material 25 and the porous filler 21 are loaded with earth and sand to the water tank 42. The sabo-preventing sheet 63 is not necessarily required because the planted layer 39 itself intertwined with the stem 61 is also a sabo-controlling material in the grown natural lawn 38.
However, when the sabo sheet 63 is used, the weight acting on the aquarium 42 from the footprints walking on the natural lawn, that is, the many blocks 14 in which foot pressure is spread in the aquarium and the many partition members 44 arranged in the aquarium. The foot pressure is not concentrated on some of the blocks 14 and the partition members 44, and the blocks 14 and the partition members 44 are not easily damaged. Therefore, even when the flat material block 14 and the porous filler 21 are used, it is recommended to use the sabo sheet 63 as the foot pressure dispersion buffer material.
The sabo sheet 63 as the foot pressure dispersion cushioning material has an interval of 10 to 50 mm, which is finer than the vertical and horizontal dimensions (m, n) of the block 14 and the arrangement interval (p, q) of the partition member 44, and generally about 20 mm. It is preferable to use a net or mesh material in which linear members having a thickness of 1 to 7 mm are arranged.
The base fabric of tufted pile fabric has a through hole as an insertion mark into which the pile yarn is inserted during tufting, and natural grass 38 lowers the root 60 through the through hole, so that the tufted pile fabric is also a sabo sheet. 63 can be used.

In the block 14, the surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 face each other in parallel in the cross section, and the peripheral side surface 13 constituting the four sides of the front surface, the back surface, and the left and right side surfaces extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 has a cylindrical shape. Yes. For this reason, between the adjacent blocks 14 and 14 laid in the water tank 42 is partitioned by the partition members 44A and 44B.
For this purpose, the vertical and horizontal dimensions (p, q) of the recesses 69 of the lattice frame 45 surrounded by the vertical and horizontal partition members 44A and 44B are made the same as the vertical and horizontal dimensions (m, n) of the block 14, and the recesses 69 are formed. The block 14 is fitted in. Therefore, if the block 14 is circumscribed in a circumscribed circle (D _o ) having a diameter of 70 to 230 mm and inscribed in an inscribed circle (D _i ) having a diameter of 50 mm or more, the recess 69 is also circumscribed in a diameter of 70 to 230 mm. It is sized inscribed in (D _o) in the circumscribed and 50mm diameter or inscribed circle (D _i).
When the vertical and horizontal dimensions (p, q) of the concave portion 69 are larger than the vertical and horizontal dimensions (m, n) of the block 14, the partition material is made so that the inside 69 of the concave portion matches the vertical and horizontal dimensions (m, n) of the block 14. Divide finely by. When the block 14 is a container-type block and is closed at the bottom surface side 12 to constitute the primary water tank 30, the water tank 42 of the greening panel 51 is secondary to the primary water tank 30 of the container-type block. A water tank will be constructed.

In the block 14 composed of the container-type first block 14A and the container-type second block 14B, the height a inside the peripheral wall 20A of the container-type first block 14A that is externally fitted to the container-type second block 14B is the container-type second block 14A. When the height b is longer than the outer height b of the peripheral wall 20B of the block 14B (a> b), foot pressure concentrates on the sharp bottom surface 14A of the container-type first block 14A, and the water tank 42 is easily torn. Accordingly, the height a inside the peripheral wall 20A of the container-type first block 14A is shorter than the height b outside the peripheral wall 20B of the container-type second block 14B (a <b), and the foot pressure is the container-type first block 14A. The two blocks 14B are distributed over the entire bottom surface 14B.
Further, in order to relieve the foot pressure to the water tank 42, the height c of the porous filler 21 loaded in the container-type second block 14B is made higher than the height b ′ inside the peripheral wall 20B of the container-type second block 14B. The tip of the porous filler 21 protrudes from the surface 11B of the container-type second block 14B by an amount corresponding to the difference d (= c−b ′). 14A is pushed up (see FIG. 6).

  At the intersection of the partition material 44A and the partition material 44B constituting the lattice frame 45 that partitions the inside of the secondary water tank 42 vertically and horizontally, the other partition material 44B is fitted to at least one of the intersecting partition materials 44A. A mating groove 46 may be provided. The height (h) from the tank bottom 47 of the water blocking wall 43 of the secondary water tank 42 constructed by raising the peripheral edge 41 of the waterproof material 40 reaches the surface 11 of the block 14 spread on the secondary water tank 42. The height from the tank bottom 47 (H = T) is lower (H ≧ h), and the block surface 11 protrudes higher than the water surface 48 of the secondary water tank 42. It is sufficient if the distance from the surface 11 of the block to the water surface 48 is 5 mm or more. The water level g of the secondary water tank 42 is kept at 1 cm or more.

  As the waterproof material 40, a relatively thick plastic film having a thickness of 0.3 mm or more, preferably 0.5 mm or more, in which carbon black is kneaded may be used, but preferably the thickness in which carbon black is kneaded is used. Uses a relatively hard plastic plate with a side length of 80 to 350 cm with a small plasticizer content of 0.3 mm or more, or a rubber sheet with a thickness of 0.3 mm or more kneaded with carbon black To do.

  The ninth feature of the present invention is that several types of blocks 14 having two or more types of specifications having any one of the features 1 to 7 are mixed and spread in the secondary water tank 42.

  A tenth feature of the present invention is that a concave portion 52 into which a greening panel 51 is fitted is formed on a surface of a base 49 fixed on the ground by a partitioning member 50 so as to fit a greening panel 51. The greening panel 51 having such characteristics is fitted in the recess 52 and is spread over the base 49.

  The surface of the base 49 that is partitioned by the partition material 50 and spread with the greening panel 51 may be waterproofed, the base 49 may be surrounded by a weir 54, and the tertiary water tank 53 may be formed on the surface of the base 49.

The height (X) of the weir 54 of the tertiary water tank 53 configured on the surface of the base 49 is set lower than the height (H) of the surface 11 of the block 14. If it does so, even if the tertiary water tank 53 becomes full, the water surface (water level) 48 will not reach the surface 11 of the block 14, and the planting layer 39 of the natural lawn will not be flooded.
Further, the height (X) of the weir 54 of the tertiary water tank 53 formed on the surface of the base 49 is preferably higher than the height (h) of the water blocking wall 43 of the greening panel 51 (X ≧ h). By doing so, when the tertiary water tank 53 becomes full, the water in the tertiary water tank 53 flows into the secondary water tank 42 across the water blocking wall 43 of the greening panel 51. Then, in the container type block 14 with the overflow port 31, when the secondary water tank 42 is full, the water in the secondary water tank 42 flows from the overflow port 31 of the container type block 14, and the primary water tank 30 is also full. . Thus, when watering until the tertiary water tank 53 is full, the secondary water tank 42 and the primary water tank 30 are full.
Therefore, when the tertiary water tank 53 is provided, the labor of supplying water individually to the individual greening panels 51 arranged on the surface of the base 49 can be saved, and the individual container-type blocks 14 arranged on the greening panel 51 are individually provided. This saves the trouble of water supply and makes it easier to manage the water supply of the greening device.
The depth e from the overflow port 31 of the container type block 14 to the tank bottom 47 may be about 2 cm, and the drop f of the water surface 48 from the water blocking wall 43 of the greening panel 51 to the overflow port 31 of the container type block 14 is What is necessary is just about 1 cm.

  The waterproof treatment of the surface of the base 49 can be performed by laying a waterproof sheet 55 on the surface of the base 49. The periphery of the waterproof sheet 55 laid on the surface of the base 49 may be raised to form the weir 54 of the tertiary water tank 53. As such, the tertiary water tank 53 is a tertiary water tank for the secondary water tank 42 laid in the water tank 55, even if it is a simple water tank laid with a waterproof sheet 55, and the secondary water tank 42 itself is Since it becomes the tertiary water tank with respect to the primary water tank 30 spread | laid inside, even if a pinhole arises in the waterproof sheet 55 which comprises, a problem will not arise.

  Since the size of footwear is generally around 30 cm, most of the footprints 66 are joints (joints) between tiles on tiled floors and road surfaces of 30 cm or less, such as 8 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, etc. It is rare that the footprint 66 can be formed only on one tile even in a tile having a size of about 30 cm which is the same as the size of the footwear (see FIG. 3).

In the first aspect of the present invention, in this regard, the block is made such that the diameters (D _o ) of the surface circumscribed circle 16 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 and the bottom surface circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface 12 are both 420 mm or less. 14, and there is no need to arrange a spacer for reinforcing the block 14 between the front surface and the bottom surface. In the present invention, each of the diameters (D _i ) of the surface inscribed circle 17 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 and the bottom inscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface 12 is a container type having a size (m, n) of 50 mm or more. configure block 14, and the following respective diameter of the container type block 14 of thickness (T) of a at 20mm or more surface inscribed circle 17 and the bottom surface inscribed circle extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 (D _i) .

  Therefore, even if the container-type block 14 is molded by plastic, a large plastic molding machine is not required, and a greening panel can be molded by a small plastic molding machine widely used for various plastic containers. Since it is far lighter and easier to carry than blocks and bricks, it is easy to construct on the rooftop, and it is possible to realistically implement rooftop greening.

  In the second feature of the present invention, the internal void 18 of the container block 14 is a large internal cavity 19 surrounded by a peripheral wall 20 having a thickness (S) of 5 mm or less, and a porous filler 21 is provided in the internal cavity 19. Can be inserted. When the vertical separator 67 for partitioning the porous filler 21 to be loaded into the internal cavity 19 is fitted, the thickness (S) of the peripheral wall 20 is 1 mm or less and around 0.5 mm because it is reinforced by the vertical separator 67. Can be made.

In the third feature of the present invention, the container-type block 14 in which the porous filler 21 is inserted in the internal cavity 19 is arranged in the secondary water tank 42 to form the greening panel 51, and the infrared rays of sunlight and Electromagnetic waves such as heat rays are not easily reached by the porous filler 21 and reach the secondary water tank 42.
Therefore, according to the third feature of the present invention, deterioration, alteration, and embrittlement of the secondary water tank 42 due to sunlight are avoided, and the weather resistance of the secondary water tank 42 is enhanced. In particular, the porous filler 21 in which a large number of flat plate materials 25 such as Wilton carpets, tufted carpets, felt carpets, tile carpets, and the like are accumulated and bound together, When it is inserted into the internal cavity 19 in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction, the porous filler 21 is reinforced by the peripheral wall 20 of the container block 14 and is not easily crushed. Since the original height is restored by the elastic restoring force of the fiber, the greening panel 51 rich in cushioning properties is obtained.
In the present invention, the porous filler 21 is a light-shielding material that blocks sunlight, so that the roots of plants that grow naturally are shielded from sunlight by the soil and are protected from drying by being covered with the soil in the dry season. It functions as a material and as a dry protection material that protects the root 60 from being dried.

Since the flat material 25 is made of ears of other fabrics such as Wilton carpets, tufted carpets, felt carpets and tile carpets discharged from the textile industry, the present invention can reuse industrial waste. Also effective. In particular, in the porous filler 21 obtained by cutting and cutting the aggregate 65 having a bulk specific gravity of 0.30 or less by a flat plate material and fusing the flat plate materials with a hot melt generated at the time of the cut and cutting, a void into which mud enters. Since there are many 18, the porous filler 21 after use for rooftop greening can be processed with mud, and it can be set as the solid fuel in which the mud and the flat material were united.
Such a solid fuel is easy to burn like briquette or bean charcoal because the mud soil which is an incombustible material maintains the shape as the porous filler 21 even if the flat material which is a combustible material melts at the time of combustion. Damage to the combustion kiln due to combustion heat is avoided.

  In the fourth feature of the present invention, a brazing material 28 is further bridged between the peripheral edge 15 and the peripheral edge 15 facing each other on the surface side 11 of the cavity 19 inside the container block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13. A block structure is formed by partitioning the surface 12 of the block with a plurality of mesh gaps 29. For this reason, the foot pressure acts evenly on all the flat plate materials 25 loaded in the internal cavity 19 as the porous filler 21, and the foot pressure does not concentrate only on a part of the flat plate materials 25. Only the flat plate material 25 is not buckled, and all the flat plate materials 25 are maintained in an upright state. In order to prevent buckling of the flat plate material 25, the porous filler 21 is made of elastic cutting scraps such as rubber sheets, thick cutting scraps such as tile carpets, and hard plastic cutting scraps such as pet pots as a reinforcing material. It is good to mix.

  In the fifth feature of the present invention, a brazing material 28 is further bridged between the peripheral edge (15) and the peripheral edge (15) facing each other on the bottom surface side 12 of the cavity 19 inside the container block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13. The bottom surface 12 of the container block is partitioned by the brazing material 28 to form a mesh structure including a plurality of mesh gaps 29. For this reason, even when the fiber fragments 57 and granules 56 are used for the porous filler 21, the fiber fragments 57 and granules 56 loaded in the internal cavity 19 are not dissipated from the bottom surface 12 of the internal cavity 19, and the container block 14 becomes easy to handle.

In the sixth aspect of the present invention, the inner cavity 19 of the container block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13 is closed at the bottom surface side 12 to form a primary water tank 30. For this reason, even if water leaks in the secondary water tank 42 or the tertiary water tank 53, the natural lawn continues to grow by obtaining water from the primary water tank 30, and the lawn does not wither. Therefore, the secondary water tank 42 and the tertiary water tank 53 for laying the container-type block 14 are not necessarily required, and rooftop greening is possible even if the secondary water tank 42 and the tertiary water tank 53 are simplified.
Moreover, in the greening panel 51 and the greening device 59 constructed on the slope such as the roof or roof where the base 49 is inclined, the water in the secondary water tank 42 and the tertiary water tank 53 is the greening panel 51 and the greening device. Although the water supply to the natural lawn 38 is uneven, the water in the primary water tank 30 of each container type block is Even if it is biased, the container-type blocks are evenly distributed over the entire surface of the greening panel 51 and the greening device 59, so the water does not bias in the entire greening panel 51 and the greening device 59, and the entire natural lawn 38 Water will be evenly supplied.
Therefore, the present invention is advantageous over greening of slopes on slopes.

In the seventh feature of the present invention, the natural lawn planting block has (1) a cross section in which the surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 face each other in parallel, and the front, back and left and right side surfaces extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 The peripheral side surface 13 constituting the four surrounding surfaces has a cylindrical shape, and (2) has a gap 18 extending from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 inside the block 14 surrounded by the peripheral side surface 13, and (3)
The diameters (D _o ) of the surface circumscribed circle 16 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 and the bottom surface circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface 12 are both 420 mm or less. (4) The surface inscribed circle 17 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 And the diameter (D _i ) of the bottom inscribed circle in contact with the periphery of the bottom surface 12 is 50 mm or more, (5) the thickness (T) of the block from the surface 11 to the bottom surface 12 is 20 mm or more, and It consists of two blocks 14 and 14 of a first block and a second block that are equal to or less than each diameter (D _i ) of the surface inscribed circle 17 and the bottom inscribed circle, and (6) the first block is a container block 14A. Yes, the second block is a container-type or flat material block 14B. (7) The container-type first block 14A is externally fitted to the second block 14B, and the second block 14B is a cavity 19A of the container-type first block 14A. Can be inserted and removed freely It fits inside.

  As described above, the second block 14B is fitted into the cavity 19A of the first block 14A having a mesh structure composed of a plurality of mesh gaps 29 with the surface side 11 partitioned by the brazing material 28, so that the brick or tile is preferred. Therefore, the natural lawn planting block is easy to handle, and the natural lawn planting block can be spread on the secondary water tank 42 so as to spread bricks and tiles, so that the rooftop can be planted efficiently.

  Specifically explaining the natural lawn planting block constituted by the two blocks of the first block 14A and the second block 14B, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the block 14 has a thickness (S). A container-type block having a large internal cavity 19 surrounded by a peripheral wall 20 of 5 mm or less and a flat plate material block having no large internal cavity 19, that is, a flat plate material 25 are integrated, and the thickness (t) of the flat plate material 25 The direction is directed to the direction orthogonal to the thickness (T) direction of the block 14, the front surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 of the block 14 are configured by the cross section 32 of the flat plate material 25, and the front surface 33 and the back surface 34 of the block 14 are respectively formed on the flat plate material 25. The flat plate surface 35 is configured, the left and right side surfaces 36 of the block 14 are configured by the side edges 37 of the flat plate material 25, and the gap 26 between the flat plate materials 25 and 25 is formed. There is a plate material made of a block comprising a flat plate material 25 constituting an air gap 18 which continues from the surface 11 of the lock 14 to the bottom surface 12.

When the flat plate material block is used for the second block 14B, the first block 14A that is externally fitted to the flat plate material second block 14B can be a cylindrical body in which both the front surface side 11A and the bottom surface side 11B are open. (Refer to FIG. 4), preferably, the first block 14A is a container-type block, and the bridging material 28 is bridged between the peripheral edge 15 and the peripheral edge 15 facing each other on the surface side 11A of the container-type first block 14A. The surface 11A of the container-type first block 14A is partitioned by the padding material 28, and the partitioning padding material 28 forms a mesh structure in which a plurality of mesh gaps 29 are formed (see FIGS. 5 and 8).
When a container-type block is used for both the first block 14A and the second block 14B, the container-type second block 14B is: (1) a ridge between the peripheral edge (15) and the peripheral edge (15) facing each other on the bottom surface side 12; The material 28 is bridged and the bottom surface 12 is partitioned by the collar material 28, and the mesh material 28 is divided into a mesh structure having a plurality of mesh gaps 29 (see FIG. 6), or (2) the bottom surface side 12 (3) On the other hand, the container-type first block 14A spans the padding 28 between the peripheral edge 15 and the peripheral edge 15 facing each other on the surface side 11A. Then, the surface 11A is partitioned by the brazing material 28, and the separating brazing material 28 forms a mesh structure in which a plurality of mesh gaps 29 are formed. (4) The container-type first block 14A is placed on the container-type second block 14B.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in the fitted state of the first block 14A and the second block 14B, the surface side 11 and the bottom side 12 of the cavity 19A are made of the brazing material 28 (see FIG. 6) or the primary water tank. 30 (refer to FIG. 7), it becomes a good shape of bricks and tiles, and when the second block 14B fitted into the cavity 19A of the first block 14A is a flat plate block, the first block 14A And the second block 14B are fitted with bricks and tiles. Thus, when a natural lawn planting block is made into the fitting structure of the 1st block 14A and the 2nd block 14B, it can construct like a brick and a tile, and can be planted efficiently.

  In the eighth feature of the present invention, regardless of plastic molding, the peripheral edge 41 of the flat waterproof material 40 is raised, and the secondary water tank 42 is configured with the peripheral edge 41 of the raised waterproof material 40 as the water blocking wall 43. Therefore, the greening panel 51 can be obtained simply and inexpensively by spreading the block 14 in the secondary water tank 42. And, between the block 14 and the block 14 that are spread and adjacent, there is a fine gap where the natural lawn can root, and the natural lawn root that has fallen into the fine gap is between the block 14 and the block 14. Since it is pinched and protected from drying, even if the secondary water tank 42 is temporarily depleted, turf withering hardly occurs and the greening state is maintained.

Porous filler 21 such as a pile of fiber fragments 57 loaded in a container block, a yarn bundle 22 formed by binding fiber yarns, a flat plate material aggregate 65, a futon-like fiber aggregate, granules 56, and the like Cutting flat scrap block 14 such as Wilton carpet, tufted carpet, felt carpet, tile carpet, etc., crushed plastic products and ceramics, elastic scrap such as rubber sheet, and hard plastic such as pet pottle When trying to reuse industrial waste such as scraps, it is difficult to make the bulk specific gravity of the porous filler 21 and the flat plate material block 14 uniform, and the bulk specific gravity inevitably varies greatly.
However, when several types of blocks 14 having different specifications such as a container block or a flat material block loaded with the porous filler 21 having different bulk specific gravity are mixed and spread in the secondary water tank 42, the entire greening panel 51 is obtained. The bulk specific gravity can be made substantially uniform.
In that case, even if the bulk specific gravity of the flat material block or the container block varies greatly in the greening panel 51, the stem of the natural lawn extends over a plurality of adjacent blocks, and each of the plurality of blocks Since the roots are lowered, there is no inconvenience in the growth of natural lawns.
Therefore, in the ninth feature of the present invention, there is a great merit in that various industrial wastes having greatly different specifications can be reused, and the secondary water tank 42 constructed by raising the peripheral edge 41 of the waterproof material 40. Among them, there are porous plates such as flat plate blocks (see FIGS. 8 and 9), accumulation of granules 56, accumulation of fiber fragments 57, yarn bundles 22 of fiber yarns, fabric cutting scraps, etc. A container-type block loaded with a filler 21 (see FIGS. 4, 5, 6, and 7), and a container-type block loaded with a porous filler 21 in which flat plate materials 25 are accumulated in an internal cavity 19 (see FIG. 1), a block (see FIGS. 2 and 7) in which the bottom surface 12 of the internal cavity 19 is closed to form the primary water tank 30 (see FIGS. 2 and 7), and a fitting block (FIGS. 2 and 4) between the first block 14A and the second block 14B. And the specifications of Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8) When mixing several types of blocks 14 together, the amount of water supplied from each block to the natural lawn varies depending on the specifications, so that the water can be partly different from the ground so that the water can be partly different from the ground. Planting environment.

  In the tenth feature of the present invention, the surface of the base 49 fixed on the ground is partitioned vertically and horizontally by a partitioning member 50 to form a recess 52 into which the greening panel 51 is fitted, and the greening panel 51 covered with the block 14 is recessed. In the grown natural lawn 38, the planting layer 39 intertwined with the stem 61 connects the blocks 14 and 14 and the greening panels 51 and 51 with each other. Since it is also a connecting material, the block 14 and the greening panel 51 do not move even when constructed on the rooftop (base 49), and the rooftop is beautifully greened. The height (X) of the weir 54 of the tertiary water tank 53 configured on the surface of the base 49 is made lower than the height (H) of the surface 11 of the block 14, and the planting layer 39 of the natural lawn is flooded. Even if not, the height (h) of the water stop wall 43 of the greening panel 51 is made higher (X ≧ h), and the height (h) of the water stop wall 43 of the greening panel 51 is set to the block 14. When the height (e) of the overflow outlet 31 is higher (X> h> e), when the tertiary water tank 53 becomes full, the secondary water tank 42 and the primary water tank 30 become full. Therefore, it is the same as supplying water to all the secondary water tanks 42 and all the primary water tanks 30 by spraying a part of the tertiary water tank 53.

  Between the greening panel 51 and the greening panel 51 adjacent to each other on the rooftop (base 49), the brick-like small blocks 14 and 14 are adjacent to each other, and when the adjacent blocks 14 and 14 are removed, the adjacent blocks 14 and 14 are adjacent to each other. Since the water stop wall 43 and the water stop wall 43 of the greening panels 51 and 51 appear next to each other, a through hole is opened in the adjacent water stop wall 43 and the water stop wall 43, and the periphery of the water supply pipe is formed. Screw the nut with the thread engraved on the surface, and tighten the nut to tighten the nut of the threaded pipe attached to the bicycle tube and fix it to the wheel. 43 can be connected and the secondary water tanks 42 and 42 of the adjacent greening panels 51 and 51 can be made continuous.

Therefore, it becomes possible to supply water to all the greening panels by supplying water to some of the secondary water tanks 42, and the water discharged from the hose to some of the greening panels is any part of all the greening panels. Since it oozes out from the hose, it becomes easy to manage water supply from the hose. In order to make the secondary water tanks 42 and 42 of the adjacent greening panels 51 and 51 continuous, the length of one side having a thickness of 0.3 mm or more with a small amount of plasticizer and kneaded carbon black is 80 to 350 cm. When a relatively hard plastic plate or rubber sheet having a rectangular shape is used as the waterproofing material 40, the processing accuracy of the adjacent water blocking wall 43 and the through hole opened in the water blocking wall 43 is increased, and a nut is attached to the screwed water supply pipe. It becomes easy to tighten and the tightened part is stabilized. The blocks 14 laid on each greening panel 51 have bricks whose diameters (D _o ) of the surface circumscribed circle 16 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 and the bottom circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface 12 are both 420 mm or less. Since it is shaped like a tile, it can be easily replaced even if it is damaged, and maintenance of the natural lawn to be planted becomes easy.

The greening panel 51 in which the block 14 is spread in the secondary water tank 42 and the greening device 59 in which the greening panel 51 is spread in the tertiary water tank 53 are reinforced by the partition members 44 and 50, so that they can move. Therefore, the greening panels and greening devices on which the natural lawn 38 has been planted are separated into individual greening panels 51 and greening devices 59 according to demand, and various required event venues, restaurants, beer gardens, etc. It is also possible to carry it to a place and lay it down as if it were laid down. In such a case, it is recommended to use a light yarn bundle 22 as the porous filler 21 that has a bulk specific gravity of 0.02 to 0.06, is bulky, has good water drainage during movement, and is light.
It is recommended to use tufted pile fabric as the sabo-control sheet 63 in places with an unspecified number of visitors such as event venues, restaurants, and beer gardens. This is because tufted pile fabric is a material for tufted carpet and is difficult to pierce even pointed footwear such as heels.

The greening panel 51 can be applied not only to the roof but also to a veranda or downstairs ground. However, weed seeds that grow on the ground are difficult to fly on the rooftop. Therefore, it is practical to install the greening panel 51 on a floor, particularly on a two-story rooftop or a veranda of three or more floors.
The block 14 and the greening panel 51 can be used not only for buildings such as rooftops and verandas, but also for fields, flower beds, sidewalks, roads, median strips, competition grounds, bridges, and the like.

The natural lawn 38 is preferably a Korean lawn with a stem 61 extending sideways like a bamboo rather than a Western lawn.
The block 14 and the greening panel 51 are not limited to the natural lawn 38, but can be applied to planting dokudami, moss, and the like that have stems that extend horizontally and fall roots from the joints of the stems, such as Korean lawn and bamboo.
When planting moss, it is recommended to use a tufted pile fabric as the sabo sheet 63. It grows well in places where moisture rises from below, and in tufted pile fabric, moisture penetrates through the through-hole as an insertion mark where the pile yarn is inserted, and the pile stands upright from the base fabric. Because it rises along.
In the moss, the pile layer becomes the planting layer 39, and the moss and the like bred on the tufted pile fabric will not wither even if it moves together with the tufted pile fabric. Planting mats such as moss to be planted layer 39 are completed.

The greening panel 51 can also be applied to planting relatively large plants, such as palms.
In that case, fill up the base so that the trunk does not fall down, and stand upright to hang it down as necessary. For example, in the case of a lion, if the earth is piled up at the base like a burial pier, the trunk will not fall easily. The total amount of water absorbed per day for an eggplant grown up to 50-60 cm in length is about 2.5 liters, its roots spread to the surrounding blocks, and the roots descend into the cavities of the surrounding blocks. When using a container block with a water tank, fertilizers such as oil tanks, chicken dung, cow dung, chemical fertilizer, etc. are put in the primary water tank 30 in advance, and a container block or a flat material block having a mesh gap 29 on the bottom surface 11 is used. When doing, fertilizers, such as an oil tank, chicken dung, cow dung, and a chemical fertilizer, are thrown into the secondary water tank 42 of the greening panel 51 beforehand.
A soil layer having a thickness of about 2 cm is laminated around the base of the insulator piled up in the shape of an earthen bun. The soil layer is laminated so as to draw a circle having a radius of about 10 cm with the root of one eggplant as the center, and a natural lawn 38 is laid to surround the circumference.
Incidentally, the amount of water absorbed per day per petunia grown to 20-30 cm in length was about 2 liters.
Many plants that can withstand heat while thirsting under hot weather, such as eggplant and petunia, seem to suck up as much as there is water. Therefore, the porous filler 21 plants such plants. It can be used as a sewage treatment material by planting, and the greening panel 51 and the greening device 59 can also be used as a sewage treatment device.

  The water level of the outdoor aquarium in midsummer falls about 10 mm per day, and the water level in the porous filler made of carpet waste (21) with a bulk density of 0.25 and a thickness of 50 mm fitted in the outdoor aquarium is attached to the day. The water level in the porous filler made of carpet waste (21) with a bulk specific gravity of 0.25 and a thickness of 50 mm fitted with an outdoor aquarium and laid with a natural lawn 38 is lowered by about 7 mm in a day. . Therefore, the depth e from the overflow port 31 of the block 14 to the tank bottom 47 is about 2 cm, and the drop f of the water surface 48 from the water blocking wall 43 of the greening panel 51 to the overflow port 31 of the block 14 is about 1 cm. The height (X) of the weir 54 of the water tank 53 is slightly higher than the height (h) of the water blocking wall 43 of the greening panel 51 (X ≧ h), and the height (X) of the weir 54 of the tertiary water tank 53 is If it is about 3 cm in general, once every two to three days, that is, about twice a week, a part of the tertiary water tank 53 or a part of the greening panel 51 laid in the tertiary water tank 53 from the water hose. It only needs to be discharged and supplied, and there is no extra time for the watering associated with rooftop greening.

Of course, water taps are set in the cavities of some blocks 14 of some greening panels 51 laid on the rooftop basement 49, and chorochoro and a very small amount of water are always supplied from the partial blocks 14 to the entire greening device 59. It is possible to supply water so that it drips with water.
In that case, if the height (X) of the weir 54 of the tertiary water tank 53 is set to approximately 3 cm, the total mass of water acting on the roof base 49 is 30 kg / m ² or less, and the block 14 and the porous The total mass associated with the greening of the roof is 50kg / m ² by adding the total mass of water to the roofing greening material such as the filler 21, the waterproofing material 40, the partitioning material 44, 50, the waterproofing sheet 55, the foot pressure dispersion cushioning material / sand control sheet 63, etc. Since the natural lawn 38 is laid with the earth and sand removed, the total mass associated with the greening of the roof with the natural lawn added does not exceed 60 kg / m ² even when there is a lot of rainfall.
In order to reduce the total mass that acts on the roof base 49 in accordance with the greening of the roof, the block 14, the porous filler 21, the partition materials 44 and 50, and the foot pressure dispersion cushioning material / sand control sheet 63 have a light mass. Polyolefin fibers and resins may be used, and as the porous filler 21, it is recommended to use a yarn bundle 22 having a bulk specific gravity of 0.02 to 0.06, which is a polyolefin-based flat section fiber yarn. However, in order to prevent water leakage in the water tanks 42 and 53, it is recommended to use a polyester resin or natural or synthetic rubber for the waterproof material 40 and the waterproof sheet 55 in terms of weather resistance and light resistance.

As mentioned earlier, in soil and sand, especially porous soil such as Kanuma soil and Akadama soil, which has high hygroscopicity and water retention, it has a moisture capturing function that captures moisture rising from the porous filler and makes it wet. When a yarn bundle 22 made of polypropylene tape yarn having a bulk specific gravity of 0.04 is used as the porous filler, the water level (water surface 48) in the porous filler (21) is the upper end of the porous filler on the day of summer sunshine. Even if it is about 10 cm down from the red ball soil layered (planting layer 39), the red ball soil wets and shines as if it is condensed, and the bulk specific gravity at the edge of the tufted carpet is 0. Even if the water level (water surface 48) in the .35 flat plate block (14) falls about 5 cm from the layered soil (planting layer 39) on the surface 11, the field on the day of summer sunshine The soil is dark and moist.
Further, in the past experiment, when the yarn bundle 22 having a bulk specific gravity of 0.04 which is a polypropylene tape yarn is used, the water level (water surface 48) in the porous filler (21) is the porous filler on the day of summer sunshine. Leek and kale planted in the soil layer of the field of about 2 cm, even if it is about 20 cm lower than the soil layer (planting layer 39) of the field thickness of about 2 cm layered on the top of It has been confirmed that the vegetables grow without dying.
Accordingly, on the rooftop where the base 49 can withstand a water pressure of 200 kg / m ² with a water depth of 20 cm, the bulk specific gravity of the flat material block 14 and the porous filler 21 having a bulk specific gravity of 0.10 or less, particularly a polypropylene tape yarn, is 0.00. By using natural yarn 38 that has been struck down to the extent that it adheres to the roots 60 and stems 61 and uses a yarn bundle 22 of 02 to 0.06, it is about once per month. It is only necessary to discharge water from the water hose and supply water, and watering associated with rooftop greening will be greatly reduced.

  As mentioned above, for rooftop greening, it is not always necessary to have a vast continuous water tank that covers the entire surface of the roof, even if there are small water tanks scattered between the water tanks. If the distance is within the range where the stems of the natural lawn extend, the part without water between the aquariums will be greened by the stems extended from the natural lawn that grows by obtaining the water of the dotted aquariums. Therefore, some of the blocks 14 spread in the secondary water tank 42 of the greening panel 51 can be replaced with bricks and tiles, and the greening panels are provided with the bricks and tiles arranged so as to step on the natural lawn. You can also avoid it. In that case, in order to prevent the secondary water tank 42 from being damaged by bricks or tiles, a container such as a block 14 (see FIG. 7) in which the primary water tank 30 is formed by closing the bottom surface 12 is made of a nonwoven fabric or other fabric. It is desirable to use bricks and tiles in the cloth container.

When walking on the natural lawn that has been constructed, footprints 66 securely overlap the joints 68 between the blocks, and the weight of the pedestrian is supported by the peripheral wall 20 and the partitioning material 14 constituting the joints 68 and is stable. In order to do so, the size of footwear is generally around 30 cm, and the size of bricks and tiles (vertical and horizontal dimensions) generally used for floors and roads is generally 70 to 150 mm. The size (m, n) of the block 14 is set to 70 to 150 mm according to the size of the brick or tile, and the diameters of the surface circumscribed circle 16 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the surface 11 of the block 14 and the bottom circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface 12 (D _o) are both recommended to 70~230mm.
Thus, if the size (m, n) of the block 14 is made equal to the size of the brick or tile, the block 14 can be handled as if handling the brick or tile, and the construction efficiency of rooftop greening increases. Further, when the size (m, n) of the block 14 is made equal to the size of the brick or tile, even if the primary water tank 30 of some blocks 14 is depleted, the stem 61 continuing from the block 14 is a neighboring block. 14 primary water tanks 30 can be obtained, and there are many gaps between the blocks where the roots 60 are lowered, so that a favorable environment for the growth of natural lawns is prepared.
In the present invention, the diameter (D _o ) of the surface circumscribing circle 16 with which the peripheral edge 15 of the block 14 contacts is 70 mm or more because when the block size is reduced, it takes time to load the porous filler into the block, This is because the number of blocks to be constructed increases and it is difficult to construct a green roof.

Even if a pinhole is generated in some simple tanks laid in the raised flower bed and the water storage function is impaired, if another adjacent simple tank is storing water, it will be laid in the stored simple tank The stalks of natural grass that have been laid extend to the greening panel of the simple aquarium that has lost its adjacent water storage function, and the greening state of the adjacent greening panel is barely maintained.
Therefore, a part of the blocks 14 spread in the secondary water tank 42 is assumed to have an internal cavity 19, in which the accumulation of granules 56, the accumulation of fiber fragments 57, the yarn bundle 22 of fiber yarns, the fabric An accumulation of cutting waste and flat plate material 25 is loaded, and a water retention function is imparted to the block 14 by the porous filler 21, or a water storage function is achieved by the primary water tank 30 that closes the bottom side 12 of the internal cavity 19. It is desirable to give to block 14.

In the block 14 in which the primary water tank 30 is formed, if the overflow port 31 is provided between the bottom surface 12 of the peripheral side surface 13 and the surface 11, the water level of the primary water tank 30 does not reach the surface 11, and the water surface 48 and A space is maintained between the planting layer 39 and a favorable environment for the growth of the natural lawn 38 is created. If water is supplied to the secondary water tank 42, water flows into the primary water tank 30, and water is supplied individually to the primary water tank one by one. This saves you the trouble of water supply management.
In order to prevent the peripheral side surface 13 of the block from touching the water blocking wall 43 and the partition material 44 of the secondary water tank and blocking the overflow port 31, the block 14 including the first block 14A and the second block 14B is also provided. Then, in order to prevent the overflow port 31 of the second block 14B from being blocked by the peripheral side surface 13A of the first block 14A, a recess 64 is attached to the peripheral side surface 13 of the block, and inside the recess 64, Preferably, as shown in FIG. 6, it is desirable that the overflow port 31 is opened in the vertical direction of the block 14.

  The fabric used for the flat plate material 25 may be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric, or may be a pile or a raised fabric with raised fluffs. You may have a pile like a carpet. As the flat plate material 25, a plastic film or sheet, a plastic flat plate, or the like can be used in addition to the cloth, and a plastic container such as a plastic bottle can be cut and used.

  As described above, in plastic black films that are highly flexible such as roofing, even if the polymer material (polymer) that is the material has weather resistance, the plastic compounded to maintain the flexibility. Agents and other auxiliaries cause hydrolysis, or the hydrolysis is promoted by electromagnetic waves such as infrared rays of sunlight and heat rays, and the plastic black film is easily deteriorated, altered, or embrittled, and pinholes are easily generated. In addition, a plasticizer that is applied to a plastic film or plastic sheet such as ruching to elute and elutes inhibits plant growth. Accordingly, the waterproofing material 40 used in the secondary water tank 42 has a plasticizer blending amount of 100 P.P. with respect to a polymer substance (polymer) component such as polyester resin vinyl chloride or polyolefin resin. H. R or less, preferably 50P. H. R or less hard plate-like waterproof material is used, and a high molecular weight plasticizer having a high molecular weight is used as the plasticizer.

Although the tertiary water tank 53 is not necessarily required, since it is waterproofed on the rooftop and the veranda, it can be used as a tertiary water tank by blocking the waterproof rooftop and the periphery of the veranda. In order to prevent water leakage, the primary water tank 30 is laid in the secondary water tank 42, the secondary water tank 42 is laid in the tertiary water tank 53, and the tertiary water tank 53 is laid in the quaternary water tank. It is also possible to lay the water tank into a multi-split combined water tank, such as laying down in the water tank, laying down the fifth water tank in the sixth water tank, and laying down the sixth water tank in the seventh water tank. In that case, the secondary water tank 42 and the tertiary water tank 53 are partitioned by the partition members 44 and 50, the interior of the multi-stage water tank after the fourth water tank is partitioned vertically and horizontally by the partition material, and the recess into which the water tank to be laid down is fitted. Form.
In the grown natural lawn 38, the blocks 14 and 14 and the greening panels 51 and 51 are connected by the planting layer 39 intertwined with the stem 61, and the blocks 14 and the greening panel 51 do not move between them. Therefore, the partition members 44 and 50 for partitioning them need not be particularly strong, and the thickness of the partition members 44 and 50 may be as thin as about 2 mm.

  The cavity 19 of the container-type block 14 is non-ventilated so as to form an airtight space in which the surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 are closed by the tank bottom 47 and the planting layer 39 of the secondary water tank except when the overflow port 31 is provided. The inside of the cavity 19 is kept in a humidified state so that the roots descended into the cavity 19 do not touch the outside air and are dried.

  On the surface 11 of the block 14, in order to prevent soil and sand from the planting layer 39 from flowing into the cavity 19, sabos such as a mesh structure (net) or a breathable fabric (thin non-woven fabric or mesh fabric) are used. The sheets 63 may be stacked.

  In the lattice frame 45 of the greening panel 51, only the porous filler 21 can be used in addition to the container block 14 having the internal cavity 19 and the flat plate material block 14 not having the internal cavity 19. In that case, the sabo sheet | seat 63 is laminated | stacked on the greening panel 51 spread | laid in the tertiary water tank 53. FIG.

  The simplest, lightest and cheapest rooftop greening method is to lay a greening panel 51 in which a lattice frame 45 is fitted in a secondary water tank inside 42 on a rooftop base 49 without using the block 14 or the porous filler 21. The natural lawn 38 is spread on the sabo sheet 63 laid thereon. However, in this method, when the secondary water tank 42 is depleted, the roots 60 of the natural lawn are exposed to severe dry conditions that are directly subjected to sunlight and radiant heat from the base 49, and there is no risk of dying during the day. Too expensive. In order to avoid such a danger, a flat plate material block 14 (see FIG. 9) having a light shielding function and a dry prevention function is fitted into the lattice frame 45 of the greening panel 51, and the flat plate material block 14 is used to mount the flat material block 14 from the base 49. And a method of wrapping the natural grass root 60 by the internal space 18 of the flat material block 14 to prevent evaporation from the water from the root 60, and a primary tank 30 in the lattice frame 45 of the greening panel 51 It is recommended that a container-type block 14 (see FIG. 6) is fitted and that the natural lawn root 60 be humidified by the water in the primary water tank 30 of the container-type block 14.

  Each of these two methods has advantages and disadvantages. In other words, a flat block is obtained at low cost from industrial waste such as the edges of carpets and other fabrics, and has a light-shielding function, a dry-proof function, and a water-retaining function, but it is a recycled product of industrial waste. Will be uneven, and even if hidden under the natural lawn, it will not look good as a product. On the other hand, the container-type block with the primary water tank 30 costs as much as a plastic molded product even if a small molding machine is sufficient.

However, when comparing these two methods, the container block with primary water tank is a kind of plastic container with a hollow inside, even if the cost is high, and it is lighter than a block made of flat material And it looks good as a product.
Considering these points, a container-type block with a primary water tank that has a water storage function is recommended for rooftop greening in general households, and a light-blocking function, a dry-proof function, and water retention are used for rooftop greening constructed by a construction engineer or gardener. A functional block made of flat material is recommended.
When using either the container type with a primary water tank or the block 14 made of flat plate material, the size (m, n) of the block 14, that is, the diameter (D _o ) of the circumscribed circle 16 in contact with the peripheral edge 15 of the block 14 is set. 70-230 mm, footprint 66 that steps on natural lawn can be made in joint 68 between the blocks, and the weight of the pedestrian is distributed over the entire lattice frame 45 of the greening panel 51 so that the body can be supported stably. Is recommended. Also, in order to spread the foot pressure (weight) walking on the natural lawn over the entire lattice frame 45 of the greening panel 51 so that the body is stably supported, the sabo sheet 63 is used as a foot pressure dispersion buffer material. It is recommended to lay on the panel 51.

  In the use of a container-type block with a primary water tank, the inside of the block 19 is a hollow 19 and the bulk specific gravity is 0.1 or less, which is a genuine plastic flat yarn widely used as a packing string, and is a light and bulky yarn bundle 22 Is recommended as a simple rooftop greening method that is simple, lightweight, inexpensive and reliable.

A simple primary water tank with a depth (b) of 5 to 7 cm by cutting a rectangular cross-section pet pothole to make the rooftops, verandas, terraces, etc. green most reliably, lightly, inexpensively and surely in an ordinary household. It is made into a container-type block 30, and broken pieces such as used clothes and used blankets and simple rugs are bundled as a flat plate material 25, or rolled like a curl and loaded into a porous filler 21 and loaded. A container-type block 30 with a simple primary water tank is arranged on the roof, veranda, terrace, etc., and a mesh material such as a used insect repellent net is placed thereon as a foot pressure-dispersing cushioning material / sand control sheet 63, and a commercially available natural lawn 38 is placed thereon. The container-type block 30 with the simple primary water tank is maintained in a full state by laying down and watering.
When removing the earth and sand and laying the natural lawn, in order to make it easier to set the roots on the block, cover the natural lawn to the surface 11 of the block by covering with a fence or the like for at least 2 to 3 weeks after the laying. It is good to leave.
The container-type block 30 with a simple primary water tank using a pet pot is a size that circumscribes the circumscribed circle 16 whose vertical and horizontal dimensions (m, n) are about 150 mm in diameter (D _o ), and the footprint 66 is a simple primary arranged. Since the cavity 19 in the pet pottor is blocked by a mesh material such as an insect net and a natural lawn 38 laid as a foot pressure dispersion cushioning material / sand control sheet 63, it can be formed on the joint 68 of the container-type block 30 with a water tank. Neither the shark nor the shark digs into the pet pot.
In addition, since the planting layer 39 of the grown natural lawn is also used as a foot pressure dispersion cushioning material and a sabo-control sheet 63, when a rooftop, a veranda, or a terrace is greened in a general household, an insect repellent net or the like is used as a pet pot ( 30) It is not always necessary to put on top.

  In this manner, even when pet pots (30) cut into circles are arranged and greened in a general home, the gap between the pet pots (30) is eliminated by the partition members 44A and 44A, and the used blanket is placed under the pet pots (30) to be arranged. It is recommended to use a simple secondary water tank 42 by laying a plastic film together with a simple rug or the like. In that case, the overflow port 31 is preferably opened at a position (e) that is about 2 cm from the bottom surface 12 of the pet pot 30 that has been cut into a ring.

Even if it looks bad, the pet pottor and rag cut in a circle are covered with the natural lawn 38, so the appearance of the rooftop, veranda, terrace, etc. will not be damaged, and the natural lawn 38 laid out will be beautifully decorated. The utility of the present invention is evaluated.
In this way, garbage such as pet pots and rags are recycled as new resources, and the present invention reduces the amount of not only industrial waste but also general household waste, so that the present invention can recycle industrial waste and general household waste. This is also effective for improving the living environment.

When the greening panel 41 or the greening device 59 is carried into an event venue, restaurant, beer garden or the like and is laid down to be used as a fold, the block 69 and the porous filler 21 are loaded in the recess 69. An underlaying material is stretched on the bottom surface of the lattice frame 45 of the greening panel 41 and a sabo-proof sheet 63 serving as a foot pressure dispersion cushioning material is stretched on the surface. In the greening device 59, greening is performed in a recess 69 surrounded by the partitioning material 50. The panel 41 is loaded, and an underlay material is stretched on the bottom surface, and a foot pressure-dispersing cushioning material and sand control sheet 63 is stretched on the surface. -Connected so as to sew, such as connecting 50 with a string between them, and the underlaying material of the front and back, the foot pressure dispersion cushioning sabo sheet 63 and the partitioning material 44, 50 between the front and back are integrated And, it may be configured by fitting a secondary water tank 42 and the tertiary aquarium 53 greening panel 41 and greening device 59 as a composite laminate structure having an inner void layer as sliding doors and screens.
By doing so, the greening panel 41 and the greening device 59 are reinforced by the underlaying material and the sabo-proof sheet 63 used as the foot pressure dispersion cushioning material with the partition members 44 and 50 interposed therebetween, like a kite, folding screen or fold. The structure is stable and light and easy to move.
In that case, if a yarn bundle 22 having a bulk specific gravity of 0.02 to 0.06 is used as the porous filler 21, the water drainage is good at the time of movement, and it is not as heavy as a futon containing water, and the greening panel is easy to move lightly. 41 and the greening device 59 are obtained. The secondary water tank 42 and the tertiary water tank 53 function as a drying prevention material that covers the root 60 of the natural lawn 38 and keeps it in a moisturized state, so that the natural lawn 38 does not wither during movement. 42 and the tertiary water tank 53 do not need to be stored, and the secondary water tank 42 and the tertiary water tank 53 can be drained and moved, and the greening panel 41 and the greening device 59 are inclined or turned over. It is also possible to do.

  Therefore, a feature of the present invention is that the partition members (44, 50) are arranged vertically and horizontally, and the vertical and horizontal partition members (44, 50) for inserting and loading materials such as the block 14, the porous filler 21, and the greening panel 41 are included. A foot pressure dispersion cushioning material and sabo sheet 63 is superimposed on the surface of the lattice frame (45) formed with the recesses (52, 69) surrounded by, and an underlay material is superimposed on the back surface of the lattice frame (45). The back bottom of the recesses (52, 69) that prevent the material such as the block 14 to be loaded and loaded, the porous filler 21 and the greening panel 41 from falling off is formed, and the lattice frame (by the connecting material penetrating the recesses (52, 69) ( 45) The front and back foot pressure dispersion cushioning material / sand control sheet 63 and the underlay material are connected via a lattice frame (45), and the front and back foot pressure dispersion cushioning material / sand control sheet 63, the underlay material and the lattice frame (45) are joined together. Integrated, less grid frame (45) Either to any one of the recesses (52, 69) block 14 and the porous filler 21 and greening panel 41 is in greening underlay frame being fitting-loaded.

The greening underlay frame is fitted into a water tank such as the secondary water tank 42 or the tertiary water tank 53, and a natural lawn is spread over the fitted greening underlay frame.
The inner size of the recesses (52, 69) of the lattice frame (45) of the greening underlay frame is circumscribed by a circumscribed circle (D _o ) having a diameter of 70 to 420 mm and an inscribed circle (D _i ) having a diameter of 50 mm or more. Any size that is inscribed in
Thus sized to circumscribe the size of the planting panel 41 is fitted in the concave portion 52 in diameter 420mm or less of the circumscribed circle (D _o).
However, when using a greening panel having a size circumscribing a circumscribed circle (D _o ) having a diameter of 420 mm or more, the concave portion 52 is also sized to circumscribe the circumscribed circle (D _o ) having a diameter of 420 mm or more, and the large concave portion 52 is formed. A large large greening panel is inserted into and loaded into a large concave portion 52, and a small concave portion (69) is provided in the large concave portion 52 by partitioning the inside of the large concave portion 52 vertically and horizontally with a partition material. ) Is fitted and loaded with a small greening panel, block 14 and porous filler 21.
As described above, the concave portions (52, 69) of the lattice frame (45) can be provided with small concave portions (69) by partitioning vertically and horizontally with a partition material.

A net in which linear members having a thickness of 1 to 7 mm are arranged at intervals of about 10 to 50 mm and about 20 mm on the underlay material and the foot pressure dispersion cushioning material and sabo sheet 63 to be superimposed on the front and back of the lattice frame (45). Or mesh material.
The foot pressure dispersion cushioning material combined sabo sheet 63 and the underlaying material can be superposed on the front and back of the lattice frame (45) by superimposing a plurality of them respectively.
The thickness of the lattice frame (45) is 50 to 100 mm, and the total thickness of the greening underlay frame in which the foot pressure dispersion cushioning material and sabo sheet 63 and the underlay material are overlapped is 120 mm or less.
The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the greening underlay frame are 80 to 350 cm, preferably 80 to 240 cm, more preferably 80 to 120 cm in width and 160 to 240 cm in length, and are sized to be brought into the elevator during movement.
In the case of using a spun raw cotton, a futon-like fiber aggregate or granule 56 for the porous filler 21, it is preferable to use it in a bag or the like so as not to be scattered.

In that case, if the yarn bundle 22 made of a polypropylene tape yarn having a flatness of 1000 or more is used as the porous filler 21, the greening panel 41 and the greening device 59 can be remarkably reduced in weight, and the bulk specific gravity of the porous filler 21 is increased. Since it is 0.02-0.06, the greening panel 41 and the greening device 59 which are extremely light, easy to move, spread easily, and extremely inexpensive can be obtained.
Each moving greening panel 41 or greening device 59 is provided with a sign such as a symbol or a number, and when spread according to the sign, the difference in the growth of the natural lawn 38 of the adjacent greening panel 41 or greening device 59 is spread. The joints are inconspicuous, and the appearance before moving is reproduced after moving and laying down.

It is sectional drawing of the tree planting apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the tree planting apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the tree planting apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the natural lawn planting block which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the natural lawn planting block which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the natural lawn planting block which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the natural lawn planting block which concerns on this invention. It is a partially cut-out assembly perspective view of a natural lawn planting block according to the present invention. It is a perspective view in the manufacture process of the natural lawn planting block which concerns on this invention. It is an assembly perspective view of the greening panel concerning the present invention. It is an assembly perspective view of the block with a primary water tank concerning the present invention. It is a perspective view of the natural lawn planting block concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

11: surface 12: bottom surface 13: peripheral side surface 14: block 15: peripheral edge 16: circumscribed circle 17: inscribed circle 18: void 19: cavity 20: peripheral wall 21: filler 22: yarn bundle 23: end of fiber yarn (Top)
24: End of fiber yarn (lower end)
25: flat plate material 26: gap between flat plate materials 27: binding member 28: brazing material 29: mesh gap 30: primary water tank 31: overflow port 32: cross section of flat plate material 33: front surface of block 34: back surface of block 35: flat plate material Flat plate surface 36: side surface 37 of block: side edge 38 of flat plate material: natural lawn 39: planting layer 40: waterproof material 41: peripheral edge 42: secondary water tank 43: still water wall 44: partition material 45: lattice frame 46 : Fitting groove 47: Tank bottom 48: Water surface 49 of secondary water tank 49: Base 50: Partition material 51: Greening panel 52: Recess 53: Tertiary water tank 54: Weir 55: Waterproof sheet 56: Granules 57: Fiber fragments 58: Water 59: Tree planting device 60: Root 61: Stem 62: Leaf shaft 63: Sabo sheet 64: Depression 65: Accumulation body 66: Footprint 67: Separator 68: Joint 69: Recess 70: Drill 71: Through hole 72: Connection rod a: Inside the peripheral wall of the first block Side height b: Height outside the peripheral wall of the second block c: Height of the porous filler d: Difference between the height of the porous filler and the outer height of the peripheral wall of the second block e: Flooding port of the block Depth from the bottom of the tank to the bottom of the tank f: water level drop from the water blocking wall of the greening panel to the overflow of the block g: water level h of the greening panel: height m of the water blocking wall: block size n: block size p : Partition material arrangement interval q: Partition material arrangement interval t: Flat plate material thickness D _o : circumscribed circle diameter D _i : inscribed circle diameter H: block height S: peripheral wall thickness T: block thickness X: height of weir

Claims (49)

(A) A circumferential side surface comprising four surfaces, a front surface, a rear surface, and left and right side surfaces, which continue from the surface (11) to the bottom surface (12), in which the front surface (11) and the bottom surface (12) face each other in parallel. (13) is a three-dimensional structure block (14) having a cylindrical shape,
(B) Inside the block (14) surrounded by the peripheral side surface (13), there is a gap (18) that extends from the surface (11) to the bottom surface (12),
(C) The diameters (D _o ) of the surface circumscribed circle (16) in contact with the peripheral edge (15) of the surface (11) and the bottom circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface (12) are both 70 to 420 mm,
(D) the diameters (D _i ) of the surface inscribed circle (17) in contact with the periphery (15) of the surface (11) and the bottom inscribed circle in contact with the periphery of the bottom surface (12) are both 50 mm or more;
Thickness ranging from (e) surface (11) on the bottom (12) block (14) (T) is, is at 20mm or more, and, the diameter of the bottom surface inscribed circle surface inscribed circle (17) (D _i ) Natural lawn planting block that is: Each diameter of the bottom surface circumscribing circle surface circumscribed circle (16) (D _o) natural grass planting blocks supra claim 1 is 70～230Mm.   The surface (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface (11) is a regular triangle that can be laid, a quadrilateral (rectangle, rhombus) having a sum of internal angles of 180 °, or a regular hexagon. Natural lawn planting block as described.   The block (14) is a container-type block that can be loaded with a filler, and the void (18) inside the block (14) surrounded by the peripheral side surface (13) is a cavity (19) that can be loaded with a filler. The natural lawn planting block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the peripheral side surface (13) constitutes a peripheral wall (20) having a thickness (S) of 1 to 5 mm surrounding the cavity (19).   The natural lawn planting block according to claim 4, wherein the porous filler (21) is inserted into the cavity (19) inside the container block (14) surrounded by the peripheral side surface (13).   The natural lawn planting block according to claim 5, wherein the porous filler (21) inserted in the cavity (19) inside the container block (14) is a deposit of fiber fragments (57).   The porous filler (21) inserted into the cavity (19) inside the container block (14) is a yarn bundle (22) formed by binding a large number of fiber yarns. The natural lawn planting block according to claim 5, wherein the length direction is directed to the thickness (T) direction of the container block (14).   The yarn bundle (22) inserted into the cavity (19) inside the container block (14) is formed by binding a large number of fiber yarns having a flat cross-sectional shape, and the bottom side of the container block (14). And a plurality of fiber yarn ends (23) are welded and integrated with each other, and a plurality of fiber yarn ends (24) are separated from each other on the surface side of the block (14). Natural lawn planting block as described in.   The porous filler (21) inserted into the cavity (19) inside the container block (14) is formed by accumulating a large number of flat plate materials (25), and the thickness (t) of the flat plate material (25). The direction is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the thickness (T) direction of the container block (14), and a gap (25 · 25) between the surface (11) of the block and the bottom surface (12) ( The natural lawn planting block according to claim 5, wherein 26) is interposed.   The natural lawn planting block according to claim 9, wherein the flat plate material (25) constituting the porous filler (21) is a broken piece of the fabric.   The fabric of the flat plate material (25) constituting the porous filler (21) is any of a Wilton carpet in which a pile protrudes from the base fabric, a tufted carpet in which the pile protrudes from the base fabric, or a felt carpet in which fibers are entangled. The natural lawn planting block according to claim 10, wherein the natural lawn planting block is included.   The natural lawn planting block according to claim 11, wherein the carpet is a tile carpet having a backing layer having a thickness of 1 mm or more made of a synthetic resin composition.   The natural lawn planting block according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein a number of flat plate materials (25) constituting the porous filler (21) are bound by a binding member (27).   The natural lawn planting block according to claim 5, wherein the porous filler (21) inserted into the cavity (19) inside the container block (14) is formed by depositing granules (56). .   15. The natural lawn planting block according to claim 14, wherein the granules (56) deposited to constitute the porous filler (21) contain plastic.   15. The natural lawn planting block according to claim 14, wherein the granules (56) deposited to constitute the porous filler (21) contain earth and sand minerals.   A brazing material (28) is bridged between the peripheral edge (15) and the peripheral edge (15) facing each other on the surface side (11) of the cavity (19) inside the block (14) surrounded by the peripheral side surface (13). The front surface (11) of the block is partitioned by the brazing material (28), and the separating brazing material (28) forms a network structure composed of a plurality of mesh gaps (29). The natural lawn planting block according to any one of the above.   A saddle member (28) is bridged between the peripheral edge (15) and the peripheral edge (15) facing each other on the bottom surface side (12) of the cavity (19) inside the container block (14) surrounded by the peripheral side surface (13). The bottom surface (12) of the block is partitioned by the collar material (28), and the partition material (28) to be partitioned constitutes a mesh structure composed of a plurality of mesh gaps (29). The natural lawn planting block according to any one of -17.   The cavity (19) inside the container-type block (14) surrounded by the peripheral side surface (13) is closed on the bottom surface side (12), and the block (14) constitutes the primary water tank (30). The natural lawn planting block according to any one of claims 4 to 17.   An overflow port (31) is provided between the bottom surface (12) of the peripheral side surface (13) surrounding the cavity (19) and the surface (11), and the water level of the primary water tank (30) is on the surface (11). 20. A natural lawn planting block according to claim 19 which is adapted not to reach.   The flat plate material (25) is accumulated, and the surface (11) and the bottom surface (11) and the bottom surface (11) of the block (14) are oriented so that the thickness (t) direction of the flat plate material (25) is perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the block (14). 12) is constituted by the cross section (32) of the flat plate material (25), and the front surface (33) and the back surface (34) of the block (14) are respectively constituted by the flat plate surface (35) of the flat plate material (25). The left and right side surfaces (36) of 14) are constituted by the side edges (37) of the flat plate material (25), and the gap (26) between the flat plate materials (25, 25) is the bottom surface from the surface (11) of the block (14). The natural lawn planting block according to claim 1, comprising a void (18) leading to (12).   The natural lawn planting block according to claim 21, wherein the flat plate material (25) constituting the natural lawn planting block (14) is a broken piece of the fabric.   The natural lawn planting according to any one of claims 21 to 22, wherein a large number of plate materials (25) constituting the natural lawn planting block (14) are accumulated and bound together by a binding member (27). block.   In the cross section, the front surface (11) and the bottom surface (12) face each other in parallel, and the peripheral side surface (13) constituting the four surfaces around the front surface, the back surface, and the left and right side surfaces extending from the surface (11) to the bottom surface (12). The planting layer (39) of a natural lawn (38) is laminated | stacked on the surface (11) of the block (14) of the three-dimensional structure which comprises a cylindrical shape, The above-mentioned any one of Claims 1-23 Natural lawn planting block. (1) In the cross section, the front surface (11) and the bottom surface (12) face each other in parallel, and the peripheral side surface that forms the four surfaces around the front surface, the back surface, and the left and right side surfaces extending from the surface (11) to the bottom surface (12). (13) has a cylindrical shape, and (2) has a gap (18) extending from the surface (11) to the bottom surface (12) inside the block (14) surrounded by the peripheral side surface (13), 3) Each diameter (D _o ) of the surface circumscribed circle (16) in contact with the peripheral edge (15) of the surface (11) and the bottom surface circumscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface (12) is 420 mm or less, and (4) the surface ( 11) Each of the diameters (D _i ) of the surface inscribed circle (17) in contact with the peripheral edge (15) and the bottom surface inscribed circle in contact with the peripheral edge of the bottom surface (12) is 50 mm or more, and (5) surface (11) The thickness (T) of the block from the base to the bottom surface (12) is 20 mm or more and the surface inscribed circle (1 ) And made from the bottom the diameter of the inscribed circle (D _i) follows the first block and is two blocks of the second block (14, 14), (6) the first block container type block (14A) Yes, the second block is a container type or flat material block (14B), (7) the container type first block (14A) is fitted on the second block (14B), and the second block (14B) is a container A natural lawn planting block that is fitted in the cavity (19A) of the first block (14A) so as to be inserted and removed.   A brazing material (28) is bridged between the peripheral edge (15) and the peripheral edge (15) facing each other on the surface side (11) of the container-type first block (14A), and the container-type first block (14) 26. The natural lawn plant according to claim 25, wherein the surface (11) of one block (14A) is partitioned, and the partition material (28) for partitioning forms a mesh structure composed of a plurality of mesh gaps (29). Tree block.   The second block (14B) is a container-type block, and a brazing material (28) is bridged between the peripheral edge (15) and the peripheral edge (15) facing each other on the bottom surface side (12). ), The bottom surface (12) of the container-type second block (14B) is partitioned, and the partitioning material (28) partitioning the container-type second block (14B) constitutes a mesh structure composed of a plurality of mesh gaps (29). The natural lawn planting block according to any one of 26.   26. The aforementioned claim 25, wherein the second block (14B) is a container-type block and is closed on a bottom surface side (12) thereof, and the container-type second block (14B) constitutes a primary water tank (30). The natural lawn planting block according to any one of 26.   In the cavity (19B) of the container-type second block (14B), (1) Deposits of fiber fragments (57), (2) The length direction is directed to the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block (14B) A bundle of yarns (22) formed by bundling a large number of produced fiber yarns, (3) of a number of fiber yarns whose length direction is directed in the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block (14B) One end (23) is welded and integrated with each other, and the other end (24) of the large number of fiber yarns is separated from each other. (4) A large number of flat plate materials (25) The thickness (t) direction of the flat plate material (25) is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block (14B), and a large number of flat plate materials (25 · 25) a flat plate material assembly in which gaps (26) are interposed, (5) a large number of fabric fragments (25) The thickness (t) direction of the broken piece (25) of the fabric is oriented in the direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block (14B), and a number of broken fabrics are broken. Fabric broken piece aggregate (65), (6) A large number of carpet broken pieces (25) are accumulated, and the carpet broken pieces (25) are located between the pieces (25, 25). 25) is directed in a direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the container-type second block (14B), and a gap (26) is provided between the broken pieces (25, 25) of the large number of carpets. (7) A large number of flat plate materials (25) are stacked and bound, and the thickness (t) direction of the flat plate materials (25) is the container type second. It is oriented in the direction perpendicular to the thickness (T) direction of the block (14B) Porous filler (21) of flat plate material aggregate (65), (8) granule (56) with gaps (26) interposed between a large number of flat plate materials (25, 25) The natural lawn planting block according to any one of the preceding claims 25 to 28. A water tank (42) in which a peripheral edge (41) of a flat waterproof material (40) is raised and a water blocking wall (43) is constituted by the peripheral edge (41) of the raised waterproof material (40), and a water tank (42) It consists of a lattice frame (45) that is divided by a plurality of partitioning members (44A, 44B) that are arranged vertically and horizontally to partition the water tank (42) vertically and horizontally, and inside the water tank (42) The partition material (44) of the lattice frame (45) partitioning vertically and horizontally is continuous from the water blocking wall (43) to the water blocking wall (43) facing each other of the water tank (42), and the partition material is arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions and intersects. A large number of recesses (69) surrounded by (44A, 44B) are formed in the lattice frame (45), and the recesses (69) circumscribe a circumscribed circle (D _o ) having a diameter of 70 to 420 mm and a diameter of 50 mm. A greening panel having a size inscribed in the above inscribed circle (D _i ).   At the intersection of the partition material (44A) and the partition material (44B) constituting the lattice frame (45) for partitioning the water tank (42) vertically and horizontally, at least one of the intersecting partition materials (44A) The greening panel according to claim 30, wherein a fitting groove (46) into which the other partition member (44B) is fitted is provided.   The block (14) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 29 is fitted into a recess (69) surrounded by a partition material (44A, 44B) in a lattice frame (45) and spread over a water tank (42). 32. The greening panel according to any one of claims 30 to 31, wherein the water tank (42) of the greening panel (51) constitutes a secondary water tank for the block (14).   The greening panel according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein a sabo sheet (63) for preventing inflow of earth and sand is covered on the secondary water tank (42) on the lattice frame (45).   The height (h) from the tank bottom (47) of the water blocking wall (43) of the secondary water tank (42) constructed by raising the peripheral edge (41) of the waterproof material (40) is the secondary water tank (42). ), Which is lower than the height (H = T) from the tank bottom (47) reaching the surface (11) of the block (14) spread over (H ≧ h), and the surface (11) of the block is a secondary water tank ( The greening panel according to any one of claims 32 to 33, which protrudes higher than the water surface (48) of 42).   The waterproofing material (40) which the peripheral edge (41) stood up and comprised the secondary water tank (42) comprises the rectangular shape whose length of one side is 80-350 cm in any one of the preceding 30-34. Greening panel.   30. Several types of blocks (14) having two or more different specifications according to any one of claims 1 to 29 in a secondary water tank (42) configured by raising a peripheral edge (41) of a waterproof material (40). 36. The greening panel according to any one of claims 30 to 35, wherein the greening panel is mixed and spread.   37. A concave portion (52) into which a greening panel (51) is fitted by being partitioned vertically and horizontally by a partition member (50) on a surface of a base (49) fixed on the ground, and any one of the preceding claims 30 to 36. A greening device in which the greening panel (51) described in 1 is fitted into the recess (52) and spread over the base (49).   The surface of the base (49) partitioned by the partition material (50) and covered with the greening panel (51) is waterproofed, and the base (49) is surrounded by a weir (54) to provide a tertiary water tank. The greening device according to claim 37 constituting (53).   The greening device according to claim 38, wherein the periphery of the waterproof sheet (55) laid on the surface of the base (49) is raised to constitute the weir (54) of the tertiary water tank (53).   The height (X) of the weir (54) of the tertiary water tank (53) configured on the surface of the base (49) is higher than the height (h) of the water blocking wall (43) of the greening panel (51) ( 40. Any one of the preceding claims 38 to 39, wherein X ≧ h) is lower (H ≧ X) than the height (H) from the tank bottom (47) reaching the surface (11) of the block (14). The greening device described.   The partition material (44, 50) is arranged vertically and horizontally, the block (14) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 29 and the porous filler according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 16 and (29). 21) and a recess (52, 69) surrounded by vertical and horizontal partition members (44, 50) into which any one of the greening panels (41) according to any of claims 30 to 36 is fitted and loaded. A foot pressure dispersion cushioning material and sabo sheet (63) is superimposed on the surface of the lattice frame (45), and an underlay material is superimposed and loaded on the back surface of the lattice frame (45). The block (14) according to any one of the above, the porous filler (21) according to any of the above claims 5 to 16 and 29, and the greening panel (41) according to any of the above claims 30 to 36. The bottom of the recess (52/69) that prevents any dropout is formed, and the recess (52 69) The foot pressure dispersion cushioning material combined use sabo sheet (63) and the underlay material of the front and back of the lattice frame (45) are connected via the lattice frame (45) by the connection material penetrating through the lattice frame (45), 30. The block according to any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the sabo sheet (63), the underlay material, and the lattice frame (45) are integrated, and at least one of the recesses (52, 69) of the lattice frame (45). (14) and the porous filler (21) according to any of claims 5 to 16 and 29 and the greening panel (41) according to any of claims 30 to 36 are fitted and loaded. A greening underlay frame. The concave portions (52, 69) of the lattice frame (45) of the greening underlay frame are circumscribed by a circumscribed circle (D _o ) having a diameter of 70 to 420 mm and inscribed in an inscribed circle (D _i ) having a diameter of 50 mm or more. 42. A green underlay frame according to claim 41.   A mesh material in which the foot pressure dispersion cushioning material combined sabo sheet (63) and the underlaying material, which are superimposed on the front and back of the lattice frame (45), are linear members each having a thickness of 1 to 7 mm arranged at intervals of 10 to 50 mm. The greening underlay frame according to any one of claims 41 and 42, wherein:   A grid frame (45) crossed by vertical and horizontal partition members (44A, 44B) is fitted into a secondary water tank (42) configured by raising the periphery (41) of the waterproof material (40), and the vertical and horizontal partitions of the grid frame are fitted. The water retaining block (14) having a size (p · q) in which the diameter of the circumscribed circle (16) in contact with the peripheral edge (15) is 70 to 420 mm is fitted into the recess (69) surrounded by the material (44A / 44B). A rooftop greening method in which the greening panel (51) formed in step 1 is laid on the rooftop, and the natural lawn (38) is laid on the sabo sheet (63) laid on the rooftop.   45. The rooftop greening according to claim 44, wherein the size (p · q) of the block (14) is such that the diameter of the circumscribed circle (16) in contact with the peripheral edge (15) of the block (14) is 70 to 230 mm. Construction method.   The block (14) according to any one of the preceding claims 44 and 45, wherein the block (14) is provided with an internal cavity (19) and the bottom surface side (12) of the cavity (19) is closed to form a primary water tank (30) inside the block. Rooftop greening method.   47. The rooftop greening method according to claim 46, wherein the yarn bundle (22) is loaded into the primary water tank (30).   The block (14) is configured by a flat plate material assembly (65) in which a large number of fibrous flat plate materials (25) are stacked, and a space (18) for storing moisture is provided between the flat plate materials (25, 25). The rooftop greening method according to any one of 44 and 45.   The greening underlay frame according to claim 41 is spread on a rooftop basement (49), and a water tank is formed on the basement (49) by surrounding it with a weir. 38) Rooftop tree planting method.

Images