CN109837912B - Geocell and application thereof in slope surface greening - Google Patents
Geocell and application thereof in slope surface greening Download PDFInfo
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- CN109837912B CN109837912B CN201811642578.1A CN201811642578A CN109837912B CN 109837912 B CN109837912 B CN 109837912B CN 201811642578 A CN201811642578 A CN 201811642578A CN 109837912 B CN109837912 B CN 109837912B
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Abstract
The invention provides a geocell and application thereof in slope surface greening. The raw material of the ecological non-woven fabric is polypropylene short fiber. The raw material of the ecological non-woven fabric is polypropylene short fiber with the fineness of 4-8D and the length of 60-85 mm. Bending resistance length is 15-21 cm, and water repellency is as follows: the static contact angle is >120 °. On the basis that the soil fixation thickness reaches 30-45cm, the geocell has good water absorption and storage capacity, so that the water storage capacity of the slope is improved by more than 2 times, and the water quantity of the side slope scour caused by rainfall is reduced. Meanwhile, the geocell can slowly release the intercepted water, provide more water for the growth of green plants on the side slope and prolong the water supply time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a slope protection method, in particular to a geocell and application thereof in slope surface greening, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection.
Background
The traditional geocell is a piece of net-shaped cell structure formed by high-strength HDPE or PP copolymer wide bands through strong welding or riveting. It can be freely extended and contracted, when it is transported, it can be folded, when it is used, it can be expanded and filled with soil stone or concrete material so as to form a structural body with strong lateral limitation and large rigidity.
In slope greening, geocell vegetation revetments are currently most commonly used in two categories: one is a geocell formed by assembling geogrids; the other is composed of high strength ribbon polymers.
In order to realize better soil fixing effect, the geocell in the prior art continuously enhances the strength of the geocell; the flexibility of the traditional geocell is reduced while the strength is increased, so that the geocell with good soil fixing effect has poor flexibility, is a shaped product and cannot change the shape along with the fluctuation of the terrain; in order to attach the geocell to the slope, the slope needs to be processed into a plane, and then the geocell is constructed and installed, so that time and labor are consumed, and the engineering quantity is large.
The geocell in the prior art also has the problem that water cannot be absorbed and stored; because the planting afforestation vegetation can only be planted to the soil that fills in the geotechnique's check room, nevertheless the rainwash often makes soil run off from the bottom of geotechnique's check room, leads to the vegetation to slowly lose the basis of living. If the geocell can absorb moisture and store moisture, the scouring strength of the rainwater can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, moisture can be provided for plant growth. However, the geocell in the prior art does not have water absorption and storage capacities. Some technicians try to manufacture the geocell by using common non-woven fabrics or absorbent paper, but the geocell is poor in strength and easy to break after absorbing water and loses the soil fixing capability.
The existing patent document CN201510287309.8 is a slope protection method and structure based on geocell and fiber clay mixture, which includes the following steps: (1) leveling the slope surface of the side slope, and paving geocells on the slope surface; (2) crushing clay, adding polypropylene reticular fiber, fertilizer and water, and stirring until the mixture is in a plastic state; (3) spreading the mixture on the slope surface of the side slope and trowelling the mixture; (4) spraying grass seeds on the slope surface, then covering and curing the geomembrane, and then carrying out manual curing. In order to improve the strength of the geocell, the material is a reinforced high-density polyethylene HDPE sheet; the shape of the water-absorbing material can not be changed along with the fluctuation of the terrain, and the water-absorbing material also has the effects of water absorption and water storage. The method for treating the stony desertification of the land disclosed in patent CN201510192976.8 adopts a mode of compositely using geotextiles and geocells, on one hand, the geotextiles and the geocells can be directly used for water and soil conservation in stony desertification areas to create conditions for large-area tree planting and forestation, on the other hand, vegetation is planted in the geocells to rebuild an ecological system; short fiber needle-punched non-woven geotextile made of terylene as raw material; and a layer of soil containing water-retaining agent and nutrient is paved on the geotextile. The geocell related to the invention is a traditional geocell, has weak soil fixing capacity, and does not have the functions of water absorption and water storage.
In summary, the geocell of the prior art cannot overcome the following defects at the same time:
(1) the soil fixing capacity is poor, and the soil fixing thickness is difficult to reach more than 15 cm;
(2) the material is hard, the shape can not change along with the concave-convex fluctuation of the terrain, and the slope surface needs to be processed into a flat side slope before construction;
(3) has no water absorption and storage capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a geocell and application thereof in slope surface greening, which aims to achieve the following aims: (1) the soil fixing thickness of the geocell to the slope foreign soil is more than 30 cm;
(2) the softness of the geocell is improved, and the geocell can be applied to uneven slopes and can change the shape along with the fluctuation of the terrain;
(3) the water storage capacity of the slope is improved by more than 2 times.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a geocell is made of ecological non-woven fabrics.
The raw material of the ecological non-woven fabric is polypropylene short fiber.
The raw material of the ecological non-woven fabric is polypropylene short fiber with the fineness of 4-8D and the length of 60-85 mm.
The raw materials of the ecological non-woven fabric comprise 6D 65mm polypropylene short fibers and 5D 70mm polypropylene short fibers in a mass ratio of 3: 7.
The ecological non-woven fabric comprises: bending resistance length is 15-21 cm, and water repellency is as follows: the static contact angle is >120 °.
The ecological non-woven fabric comprises: the longitudinal breaking strength is more than or equal to 300N, and the transverse breaking strength is more than or equal to 300N.
The ecological non-woven fabric comprises: 50N elongation: longitudinal direction is less than or equal to 5 percent, and transverse direction is less than or equal to 5 percent; tearing strength: the longitudinal direction is more than or equal to 110N, and the transverse direction is more than or equal to 90N.
The preparation method of the ecological non-woven fabric comprises the steps of cleaning, carding, lapping, needling and heat setting; the lapping is as follows: the number of the lapping layers is 4-7, and the lapping width is 5-8 m.
The needling: comprises a pre-needling downward needling, a main needling upward needling and a main needling downward needling;
the pre-needling is as follows: the needling depth is 10-12mm, and the needling density is 90-110 needling/cm2；
The main needling depth is 7-9mm, and the needling density is 130-2；
The main needling depth is 6-8mm, and the needling density is 120-2。
An application of a geocell in slope surface greening comprises a slope cleaning step; the slope clearing: the concave-convex topography of the slope surface does not need to be processed into a plane.
The use of a geocell of claim 9 for slope resurfacing, wherein: also comprises the step of paving and hanging the geocell; the earthwork lattice room is paved and hung: the geocell is paved and hung on the surface of the side slope along with the concave-convex fluctuation of the terrain of the side slope.
Further comprising an anchoring step; the anchoring is as follows: fixing by using a U-shaped nail and an anchor rod; the U-shaped nail: the diameter is more than or equal to 5mm, the length of a single root is more than or equal to 650mm, and the density is 1-3 roots/hole; the anchor rod: the diameter is more than or equal to 10mm, the length of each single square meter is more than or equal to 350mm, and the density is more than or equal to 0.5 square meter.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
on the basis that the soil fixation thickness of the geocell reaches 30-45cm, the following effects are achieved:
(1) the geocell has good water absorption and storage capacity, so that the water storage capacity of the slope is improved by more than 2 times, and the water quantity of the slope scoured by rainfall is reduced. Meanwhile, the geocell can slowly release the water intercepted by the geocell, so that more water is provided for the growth of green plants on the side slope, and the water supply time is prolonged;
(2) the geocell is applied to uneven side slopes, can change shapes along with the fluctuation of the terrain, and does not need to be processed into flat side slopes for construction; the included angle between the concave-convex surface and the side slope is lower than 40 degrees;
(3) after the side slope is regreened, under the condition that vegetation is stable, a geocell is not needed any more; the geocell can be naturally degraded after 3 years, has no pollution, can be applied to the restoration of ecological environment, the ecological protection and restoration of sloping fields and the improvement of land resource structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic morphology of the ecological nonwoven fabric in example 1;
fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the geocell on the slope surface in example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A geocell is made of ecological non-woven fabrics;
the raw material of the ecological non-woven fabric is polypropylene short fiber, which comprises short fibers with two specifications, namely 6D 65mm and 5D 70 mm; the mass ratio of the two short fibers is as follows: 30% of 6D 65mm polypropylene short fiber and 70% of 5D 70mm polypropylene short fiber.
The breaking strength of the polypropylene short fiber is more than 4.5 cN/dtex.
The polypropylene short fibers are held with each other to form a 3-dimensional porous fiber web, and finally the non-woven fabric with certain strength and stiffness is obtained through calendaring.
The polypropylene short fiber is mainly gray in color, including but not limited to black, green, white or a mixture of the above colors;
the ecological non-woven fabric comprises the following components: the multilayer fibers are laid, pores are formed among the fibers through curling and cohesion, and the three-dimensional porosity is favorable for the growth of seeds in soil and the reaction of nutrient components and outside air, so that the vegetation growth is facilitated; the microstructure of the nonwoven fabric is shown in FIG. 1.
The main preparation process of the ecological non-woven fabric is mainly divided into five steps according to the preparation flow: clearing, carding, lapping, needling and heat setting.
Yikaqing
The opening and cleaning process for preparing the non-woven fabric adopts two bale pluckers to grab cotton according to the polypropylene short fiber proportion of the formula, and then the cotton is loosened and mixed.
Second, carding
The card clothing roller carding machine manufactured by NSC company is adopted, the fiber feeding quantity of the carding machine is controlled to be 40 g/square meter, and the linear speed is 60%.
Third, lapping
Lapping was performed using a cross-lapping machine manufactured by NSC. The following technical indexes are controlled: the number of lapping layers is 5, the lapping width is 6 meters, the lap joint coefficient is 0.070m, the input width of the lapping machine is 2.25m, and the continuity coefficient is 80%.
Fourthly, acupuncture
Three needle machines manufactured by NSC corporation were used: pre-needling down 1 machineThe main needling is carried out for 1, and the main needling is carried out for 1. The following production process parameters are controlled: firstly, pre-needling is carried out, wherein the needling depth is 11mm, and the needling density is 100 punches/cm2(ii) a ② main needling is carried out, the needling depth is 8mm, the needling density is 140 needling/cm2(ii) a Thirdly, the needling depth is 7mm and the needling density is 130 punches/cm2。
Fifthly, heat setting
The temperature adopted in the heat setting process is 178 ℃, the diameter of the adopted smooth roll is 600mm, the clamping distance of the smooth roll is 0.7mm, and the clamping pressure is 100 kN.m -1The production speed was 10 m/min.
Example 2 raw material analysis experiment of ecological nonwoven Fabric
The preparation method is the same as that of the non-woven fabric in the embodiment 1, and the embodiment 2 to 10 are carried out only by changing the specification and the proportion of the adopted raw materials;
the raw materials of examples 2-10 were as follows:
example 2:
the adopted polypropylene short fiber has the following specifications and proportions: 40% of 4D 60mm polypropylene short fiber and 60% of 6D 70mm polypropylene short fiber.
Example 3:
the adopted polypropylene short fiber has the following specifications and proportions: 50% of 6D 70mm polypropylene short fiber and 50% of 6D 75mm polypropylene short fiber.
Example 4:
the adopted polypropylene short fiber has the following specifications and proportions: 60% of 6D 75mm polypropylene short fiber and 40% of 4D 75mm polypropylene short fiber.
Example 5:
the adopted polypropylene short fiber has the following specifications and proportions: 70% of 5D 85mm polypropylene short fiber and 30% of 5D 75mm polypropylene short fiber.
Example 6:
the adopted polypropylene short fiber has the following specifications and proportions: 80% of 6D 70mm polypropylene short fiber and 20% of 8D 85mm polypropylene short fiber.
Through detection, the technical indexes of the ecological non-woven fabrics prepared in the examples 1 to 6 are as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, the ecological non-woven fabric with the thickness of 0.6 +/-0.1 mm has the water storage capacity of 2.5-5.1 g/square meter, the bending resistance length of 9-29 cm and the static contact angle of 105 degrees. The embodiment 4 is a preferable embodiment, the water storage capacity of the ecological non-woven fabric with the thickness of 0.6 +/-0.1 mm reaches 5.1 g/square meter, the bending length is 15-21 cm, and the static contact angle is more than 120 degrees.
The strength index of the ecological non-woven fabric of example 4 was measured, and the results were as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, the grammage of the ecological non-woven fabric with the thickness of 0.6 +/-0.1 mm is 150 +/-10 g/m2Longitudinal breaking strength is more than or equal to 300N, transverse breaking strength is more than or equal to 300N, and 50N elongation is as follows: longitudinal direction is less than or equal to 5 percent, and transverse direction is less than or equal to 5 percent; tearing strength: the longitudinal direction is more than or equal to 110N, and the transverse direction is more than or equal to 90N.
Example 7A geocell
The preparation method of the geocell comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) combining and fixing the 2 layers of ecological non-woven fabrics together in a sewing or welding mode to form the geocell raw fabric with the thickness of 1.0-1.4 mm.
(2) Cutting raw cloth of the geocell into long strips according to requirements and welding the long strips into geocells with corresponding dimensions; the height of the geocell is 300-350mm, the welding point distance is 580-700mm, and the bonding force of the welding position is 3500-4800N.
EXAMPLE 8A geocell
The preparation method of the geocell comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) combining and fixing the ecological non-woven fabrics together in a sewing or welding mode to form the geocell raw fabric with the thickness of 1.5-2.1 mm.
(2) Cutting raw cloth of the geocell into long strips according to requirements and welding the long strips into geocells with corresponding dimensions; the height of the geocell is 350-480mm, the welding point distance is 700-900mm, and the bonding force of the welding point is 6000-7000N.
Example 9 use of geocell in slope vernicity
The concrete construction process comprises the following steps:
1. cleaning slope
Impurities which affect the engineering construction such as weeds, broken stones and the like on the slope surface are removed, the top of the slope is transited smoothly without edges and corners, the boundary between the bottom of the slope and the table top is clear, and the slope and the table top are transited in a geometric angle; without being processed into a flat side slope.
2. Spread and hang geotechnical grid
And paving and hanging the geocell on the surface of the side slope along with the concave-convex fluctuation of the terrain of the side slope. And (4) leveling the joints of the earthwork standard chambers of the laid side slopes.
3. Anchoring
Need in time anchor behind the hanging net, adopt U type nail and stock to carry out reasonable fixing. The U-shaped nail: the diameter is more than or equal to 5mm, the length of a single root is more than or equal to 650mm, and the density is 2 roots/hole; the anchor rod: the diameter is more than or equal to 10mm, the length of each single square meter is more than or equal to 350mm, and the density is more than or equal to 0.5 square meter.
Preparing the ecological non-woven fabric of the embodiment 4 into a geocell by adopting the method of the embodiment 7, and applying the geocell to the slope greening construction, wherein the soil fixation height of the geocell is 30-32 cm; compared with the traditional geocell, the water storage capacity of the slope is improved by 2 to 4 times.
Preparing the ecological non-woven fabric of the embodiment 4 into a geocell by adopting the method of the embodiment 8, and applying the geocell to the slope greening construction, wherein the soil fixation height of the geocell is 35-45 cm; compared with the traditional geocell, the water storage capacity of the slope is improved by 5 to 7 times.
The geocell has high softness, can change shape along with fluctuation of terrain when being applied to uneven slopes, and does not need to be processed into smooth slopes for construction; the included angle between the concave-convex surface and the side slope is lower than 40 degrees. The geocell has strong water absorption capacity, greatly improves water retention and storage capacity, and reduces the water quantity of the side slope scour caused by precipitation. Meanwhile, the geocell can slowly release the intercepted water, provide more water for the growth of green plants on the side slope and prolong the water supply time. The geocell of the invention can fix soil with a depth as high as 30-45 cm. The ecological non-woven fabric can be naturally degraded after 3 years, has no pollution, can be applied to ecological environment restoration, slope ecological protection and restoration, and can improve land resource structure.
Except for special description, the percentages are mass percentages, and the ratios are mass ratios.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A geocell, comprising: the geocell is made of ecological non-woven fabrics;
the raw material of the ecological non-woven fabric is polypropylene short fiber, the fineness of the polypropylene short fiber is 4-8D, and the length of the polypropylene short fiber is 60-85 mm;
the ecological non-woven fabric comprises: bending resistance length is 15-21 cm, and water repellency is as follows: static contact angle >120 °;
the thickness of the geocell soil fixation is 30-45 cm.
2. A geocell of claim 1, wherein: the ecological non-woven fabric comprises: the longitudinal breaking strength is more than or equal to 300N, and the transverse breaking strength is more than or equal to 300N.
3. A geocell of claim 1, wherein: the ecological non-woven fabric comprises: 50N elongation: longitudinal direction is less than or equal to 5 percent, and transverse direction is less than or equal to 5 percent; tearing strength: the longitudinal direction is more than or equal to 110N, and the transverse direction is more than or equal to 90N.
4. A geocell of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the ecological non-woven fabric comprises the steps of cleaning, carding, lapping, needling and heat setting; the lapping is as follows: the number of the lapping layers is 4-7, and the lapping width is 5-8 m.
5. A geocell of claim 4, wherein: the needling: comprises a pre-needling downward needling, a main needling upward needling and a main needling downward needling;
the pre-needling is as follows: the needling depth is 10-12mm, and the needling density is 90-110 needling/cm2；
The main needling depth is 7-9mm, and the needling density is 130-2；
The main needling depth is 6-8mm, and the needling density is 120-2。
6. The use of a geocell of claim 1 in slope resurfacing, wherein: comprises a slope cleaning step; the slope clearing: the concave-convex topography of the slope surface does not need to be processed into a plane.
7. The use of a geocell of claim 6, wherein: also comprises the step of paving and hanging the geocell; the earthwork lattice room is paved and hung: the geocell is paved and hung on the surface of the side slope along with the concave-convex fluctuation of the terrain of the side slope.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811642578.1A CN109837912B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Geocell and application thereof in slope surface greening |
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| CN201811642578.1A CN109837912B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Geocell and application thereof in slope surface greening |
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| CN109837912B true CN109837912B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101831896A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-15 | 肇庆俊富纤网材料有限公司 | Slope protection ecological bag |
| CN102653900A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-09-05 | 山东俊富非织造材料有限公司 | Non-woven material for liquid management systems and preparation method of non-woven material |
| KR20160043702A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-22 | 코오롱글로텍주식회사 | Flame Retarding Polypropylene staple fiber and Method for Manufacturing the Same and Polypropylene nonwoven fabric Using the Same and Method for Manufacturing the Same |
| CN205152936U (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-13 | 范吉廷 | Check room is good at to non -woven fabrics with sewing up |
| CN107815744A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-20 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | A kind of ecology bag and a kind of multiple green clothing of rock slope are put |
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