JPH10286031A - Planting bed and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a planting bed and an apparatus, suitable for planting in cities and capable of using as a vegetable storage bed while keeping freshness by housing a planting material obtained by gathering many thread-like pieces in a state in which length direction is uniformly arranged into a vessel having upper opening so as to make length diction of yarn-like piece coincide with depth direction of the vessel. SOLUTION: A planting material obtained by gathering many yarn-like pieces (preferably a tape yarn made of plastic whose cross section is flat) in a state in which length direction is uniformly arranged is housed into a vessel having upper opening so as to make length direction of yarn-like piece coincide with depth direction of the vessel. The planting material is housed into plural water storage vessels 94 having upper openings so as to make length direction of yarn-like piece coincide with depth direction of the vessels to enable communication on the lower side of the upper opening between water storage vessels 94.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool for supporting the root of a cut flower (hereinafter referred to as a "cut flower support") and a material used for a nursery or other planting floor (referred to as "planting material" in the present invention). .)
It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plants germinate and grow upon obtaining moisture. However, not all of the moisturizing materials are suitable for planting floors, and a certain device and knowledge are required to construct a planting floor with moisturizing materials. As a moisturizing material that can be used as a nursery or a planting floor, earth and sand is well known. In recent years, hydroponic cultivation in which polyurethane foam or other plastic foam or nonwoven fabric or other fiber aggregate is used instead of earth and sand is also known.

[0003]

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] Most of the planting is carried out on earth and sand, that is, on the ground, but it is difficult to obtain the earth and sand in high-rise houses and other ordinary households in urban areas, and it is difficult to dispose of the soil after use. Many. For this reason, in a high-rise house with a narrow veranda or other outdoor space, it is particularly difficult to handle earth and sand, and it cannot be planted freely. In that respect, hydroponics is suitable for planting in urban areas. However, it requires advanced technology for fertilization and water management,
Foams and fiber aggregates for planting floors are disposable, which is uneconomical and poses a waste disposal problem. Therefore, hydroponics at home is suitable for expensive houseplants, but unsuitable for planting vegetables and other inexpensive plants.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention can be used as a cut flower supporting plate in place of Kenzan, and can be used repeatedly as a planting floor. It is easy to activate when it is used repeatedly, and it is light and portable. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive planting material that is easy to handle, suitable for planting in urban areas, and can be used as a vegetable storage floor when transporting vegetables and other plants while maintaining freshness.

[0005]

According to the planting floor of the present invention, a planting material 16 formed by gathering a large number of thread pieces 11 in the same length direction is put into a container having an upper opening 95, and the container is provided with the container. The first feature is that the yarn pieces are accommodated in such a manner that the length direction of the yarn pieces is aligned with the depth direction.

The second feature of the planting floor of the present invention is that
In addition to the above-mentioned features, the planting material 16 is accommodated in a plurality of water storage containers 94 having an upper opening 95 so as to match the length direction of the thread piece 11 in the depth direction.
In that it can be circulated underneath.

A third feature of the planting floor according to the present invention is that a large number of thread pieces 11 are gathered together in the length direction, and the thread pieces are placed in a water-permeable container 102 having an upper opening 95 in the depth direction. Piece 11
The plant material 16 accommodated in the lengthwise direction is accommodated in the water storage container 94 having the upper opening 95 so that the length direction of the thread piece 11 is adjusted in the depth direction.

A fourth feature of the planting floor of the present invention is that
In addition to the features described above, the planting material 16 is accommodated in a plurality of water storage containers 94 and connected between the water storage containers below the upper opening 95 so as to be able to circulate.

A fifth feature of the planting floor according to the present invention is that
In addition to the above features, the water reservoir is connected to a water supply / drainage container 94 'through a water supply / drainage pipe 119 so as to be able to flow below the upper opening 95 of the container 94, and the drainage port 127 of the water supply / drainage container 94' is provided. , Between the level of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 and the level of the upper opening 95, toward the inside of the cavity of the water supply / drainage container 94 '.

A sixth feature of the planting floor of the present invention is that
In addition to the above-mentioned features, the length of the thread piece 11 is shorter than the depth of the container 94 by 2 to 10 cm, and the tip projecting surface 13 of the thread piece sinks below the upper opening 95 of the container. The earth and sand 14 are deposited thereon, the container 94 is a plastic water storage container, and has a water-permeable hole 104 on the side surface of the container 94 below the tip projecting surface 13.

A first feature of the planter of the present invention is that a plurality of water reservoirs 94 having an upper opening 95 are provided in a housing 126 having an opening 125 at an upper portion. The water storage containers are connected so that they can be circulated on the lower side.

A second feature of the planter of the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, any one of the plurality of water reservoirs 94 is provided.
The drain pipe 68 protrudes into the inside of the cavity.

The planter water receiver according to the present invention comprises a planting floor 34.
A reinforcing material (78, 131, 134) supported by the container 94 is interposed between the thread pieces 11 of the above.

The nursery according to the present invention has a minimum cross-sectional dimension of 5 to 5 at a portion where the cross-sectional area of the planting material 16 is minimum.
30 mm, and the length of the thread 11 is 10 to 100 mm
It is characterized by being.

The planting apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the planting material 16 is removed from the planting floor 34 described above.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The length of a thread piece is set to 5 cm or more, and the thread piece 11 is fused at one end of the thread assembly. A bottom surface 93 of the body may be formed. As the thread piece 11, a plastic tape yarn having a flat cross section may be used. Planting floor 34
Is a putter 4 comprising a container body 94 having an upper opening 95 and a lid 96 fitted into the upper opening 95.
0, a planting material 16 configured as a thread aggregate obtained by gathering a large number of thread pieces 11 with the length direction aligned in the same direction is loaded, and the lid 96 is turned toward the bottom 97 of the container body. A depression 98 is provided, and a depression opening 99 is formed at the bottom of the depression 98.
Is opened toward the bottom 97 of the container body, and the
The planting material 16 may be configured such that the bottom surface 93 is inserted toward the inside 100 of the container body, and the tip projecting surface 13 of the planting material 16 projects from the depression opening 96. In the depression 98,
Granules 14 may be filled. When the planting floor 34 is configured by loading the container 102 with the planting material 16 configured as a thread aggregate in which the length direction is aligned in the same direction and a large number of the thread pieces 11 are gathered, the container 102 is used. Is filled with the planting material 16 into the container 102 with the length direction of the yarn piece facing the depth direction of the container.
Recess 10 according to the difference between the depth of the thread and the length of the thread 11
3 is formed in the upper portion of the container 102, and the upper recess 10 is formed in the upper portion.
It is preferable that the bottom of 3 is constituted by the front end protruding surface 13 of the planting material 16. The recesses 98 may be filled with the granules 14. Container 1
It is preferable to open a water-permeable hole 104 in the lower portion where the planting material No. 02 is loaded. The container 102 may be housed in the external container 101 as an internal container. The maximum dimension of the bottom surface of the planting material 16 as a thread aggregate in which the length direction is aligned in the same direction and many thread pieces 11 are gathered is 10c.
m or less.

The planting material 16 is used as a cut flower support or a cutting support by inserting cut flowers into the gap between the thread pieces 11 from the tip projecting surface 13 from which the tip 12 of the thread piece 11 projects. Also, seeds are sown directly on the tip projecting surface 13 or seeds are sown on the surface stratum 15 of the natural or artificial soil 14 laminated on the tip projecting surface 13 and used as a nursery or planting floor, or In addition, the rooted vegetables are inserted into the gap between the thread pieces 11 from the tip projecting surface side 13 and used as a vegetable storage floor.

In the present invention, the term "flexible yarn strip" means an elongated continuous article having a constant thickness and width, such as a fiber, a yarn or a string, which is cut into a desired length. Not only fibers, yarns and strings, but also sheets such as fabrics and plastic films can be used as the flexible yarn strips. The "flexibility" of the yarn piece may be such that it does not crack when bent and can be bent at a right angle. Various kinds of synthetic resin films, such as polyester resin film, polyolefin resin film, polyvinyl chloride resin film, polyamide (nylon) resin film, polyvinyl acetate resin film, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin film, or these Or a nonwoven fabric, or a paper, nonwoven fabric, or composite film on which various synthetic resin emulsions or latex paints are applied and laminated. These films are provided with longitudinal folds or folds 17 extending in the length direction, or wrinkled in the width direction, and folded in the width direction, or rolled up in the width direction. It is good to use elongated. In a state where they are gathered together in the length direction, the adjacent thread pieces 11 touch each other and lean against each other. Even if the yarn pieces 11 are radially arranged, at least one surface of the yarn assembly is formed as a set of tips of the yarn pieces 11 protruding therefrom. In the interior of the yarn assembly, an infinite number of gaps 21 extending long and thin along the length direction of the yarn piece 11 have a surface 13 (hereinafter, referred to as a “tip projecting surface”) configured as a set of the tip 12 of the yarn piece 11. ").

The planting material 16 is formed as a thread-like aggregate having a predetermined shape, and the length direction is aligned in the same direction to collect and gather a large number of thread pieces 11 and maintain the state. A certain shape holding means 22 is required. In order to maintain the state, the gathered thread pieces 11 are packed in a bag 23, a basket 24, or another container.
Or partially joining the gathered thread pieces 11 with the adhesive 29 or fibers, or
For example, a method of locking one end of each of the gathered yarn pieces 11 to the base 30 may be employed.

[0020]

[Function of planting material] In the assembly (16) of flexible yarns having the same length direction, the space between the required yarns is freely pushed and spread, and the yarns The trunk or root of the plant 31 (hereinafter referred to as "stem root") can be inserted so as to be inserted between the thread pieces. Since the pushed gap is closed by the elastic recovery force of the thread strip 11, the inserted plant 31 is held in the thread aggregate. In the yarn assembly 16, the adjacent yarn pieces 11 are in contact with each other at many portions continuing in the length direction. For this reason, the water 33 applied to the yarn aggregate 16 is adsorbed and held between the yarn pieces by its surface tension, and as a result, the yarn aggregate 1
The inside of 6 becomes humid due to a mixture of moisture and oxygen (air). The roots of land plants grow in search of oxygen as well as moisture. In particular, if you see that the roots of the potted plants grow along the inner wall of the flower pot and are densely gathered in a net-like manner, the moisture contained in the soil of the flower pot flows along the inner wall of the flower pot and is slightly generated It can be seen that the moisture flow promotes root growth. In this regard, an elongated gap 21 through which moisture easily flows is formed along the entire yarn piece 11 by the entire yarn assembly (1).
6), the planting material 16 is not only a support for inserting and supporting the plant 31 but also a planting floor for promoting the growth of the inserted plant and a preserving floor for preserving the freshness of the plant. Can also be used. Also, the seeds planted on the tip projecting surface 13 are guided by the thread strip 11 and descend the roots 32 along the elongated gaps 21, so that the planting material 16 is also used as a nursery.

The fibrous portion having a thickness of about 20 denier and 5
The film-like portion having a thickness of about μm is alternately continued in the width direction at an interval of about 2 mm, and the fibrous portion forms a ridge 36 parallel to the length direction, and the film-like portion is provided between the ridges. To form a groove 37, and to form wrinkles due to a difference in expansion and contraction between the fibrous portion and the film-shaped portion during the T-die extrusion molding, in the length direction, at a width of about 0.5 to 2 mm, and finely forming a width of 1 to 1. 4
A polyester film or polypropylene film of 0 cm is folded in the width direction and wrinkled in the width direction, or folded in the width direction to converge, and is generally marketed as a packing string or a weft thread for packing base cloth (dongoros). Polyester tape yarn or polypropylene tape yarn (hereinafter referred to as "folded tape yarn") 39 having an actual thickness of about 0.5 to 3.5 mm and an apparent thickness of about 1 to 10 mm is a yarn 39. It is suitable for the piece 11. In planting materials using creased tape yarn, polyethylene and polypropylene are non-hygroscopic and non-hydrophilic materials that lack hygroscopicity,
Since the outer surface of the creased tape yarn 39 has fine irregularities such as folds and wrinkles, even if water adheres thereto, it is difficult for the entire surface to adhere to the entire surface, and it is difficult to form a sealed internal void inside the planting material. Also, since the wrinkled tape yarn 39 is made of a non-hygroscopic and non-hydrophilic material, the attached water easily moves in the length direction of the tape yarn. In particular, water tends to move in the length direction along the folds or folds of the wrinkled tape yarn 39 due to capillary action. Further, since the quadratic modulus of the cross section of the tape increases due to the folds and wrinkles, the wrinkled tape yarn is harder to bend than the tape without the folds and wrinkles. As a result, the folds and wrinkles form a through groove that passes straight through the inside of the planting material. Therefore, the planting material is rich in water permeability and air permeability. In such a plant material having high water permeability and air permeability, the water level inside the putter is likely to rise and fall due to evaporation and water supply, and oxygen is supplied inside the plant material with the pumping action of the fluctuation of the internal water level, and Since it becomes difficult to form a stagnant water pool with low oxygen solubility inside the planting material, it effectively acts on germination, growth and preservation of plants.

In order to promote the oxygen replenishment effect due to the fluctuation of the water level, the planting material 16 is placed in a plurality of water storage containers 94 having an upper opening 95 in the length direction of the yarn piece 11 in the depth direction. It is housed and connected between the water storage containers so as to be able to flow under the upper opening 95, and one of the water storage containers is raised and lowered,
Water flows from the rising / falling water storage container to another water storage container or flows in from the other water storage container, or, as shown in FIG. 41, a large-volume preparation member 155 is thrown into one of the water storage containers and pressed. Sinking and draining or pulling up to other reservoirs to allow water to flow from other reservoirs, thereby raising and lowering the water level 57 in the reservoirs and replacing the air in those reservoirs. Good. To this end, the cross-sectional area (A) of the water level fluctuation point inside the water storage container is preferably set to be equal to or less than the area (B) of the upper opening, and the cross-sectional area (A) of the water level fluctuation point is set to the area of the upper opening (B) for the sake of design. ), The cross-sectional area (A) of the water level fluctuation portion should not be larger than 3 times the area (B) of the upper opening, and preferably 1.5 times or less. The reason is that even if the evaporation amount of water from the inside of the water storage container is the same, if the water level fluctuation point is wide, the head of the water level is small compared to the narrow case, and the surface area of the planting material 16 that comes into contact with the air by raising and lowering the water surface 57 is small. It is because it becomes less. Considering the effect of oxygen supplementation on planting materials due to fluctuations in water level in this way, water storage containers used for plants other than plants suitable for wetlands and plants with high water absorption are:
The size is such that the side of the planting material touches the inner surface,
When the planting material 16 housed in the water-permeable container 102 having the upper opening 95 is housed in the water storage container 94 having the upper opening 95, the water-permeable container 102 is tightly fitted inside the water storage container 94. I do.

According to various experiments, in the planting material 16 which is loaded into the planter 40 or other container and used with the tip projecting surface 13 facing upward, the length of the thread strip 11 is set to 5 cm or more.
It is desirable that it is preferably at least 10 cm, more preferably at least 20 cm. Because, apart from the case of underwater plants or hydroponics, the tip protruding surface 13 of the planting material loaded in the planter 40 or the stratum surface 15 laminated thereon
When the depth to the water level of the water 33 injected into the planter is less than 5 cm, the water 33 evaporates and the inside of the planter tends to dry. The method of evaporation depends on the density of the thread pieces inside the planting material, the amount of soil filling, the degree of growth of the plants planted on the planting material, the type and number of plants, etc., but the water level of the planting floor 41 is often under the scorching sun and descends 5 cm or more per day in many cases. For this reason, the length of the thread piece 11 is 5c.
For a planting material less than m, a special evaporation-preventing layer is laminated on the tip projecting surface 13, a water-retaining material such as pulp fiber is filled between the yarn pieces, and a special water-retaining layer 41 is provided under the planting material. And special measures such as constantly monitoring the water level 57 and supplying water as needed. And, in the planting material having a length of the thread piece 11 of less than 5 cm, a gap 21 having a sufficient length for flowing steam effective for growing the root 32 cannot be secured between the thread pieces 11. As a result, the planting material 16 is limited to planting of a plant whose roots do not grow deeply, and when the planting material is used as a cut flower support, the cut material having a too high height is inserted between the thread pieces. It becomes difficult to reliably support the stem root 32.

From the upper end 43 of the water level control vinyl pipe 42 attached to the bottom of the planter 40,
Liquid fertilizer (poultry manure solution) 33 so as to accumulate at the bottom of the planter without passing through the root 32 without passing through the base 32.
Is injected into the planter, the liquid fertilizer 33 becomes
It moves from bottom to top along 1 and is gradually absorbed from the root 32. The fertilizer component (33) is transferred to the tip projecting surface 13 so that the fertilizer 33 moves upward from the bottom of the planting floor 34 without directly touching the root 32 and is gradually absorbed by the root 32.
It is desirable that the length of the thread strip 11 be 5 cm or more, even in the case where the thread strip is held at a position away from the thread. When fertilization is performed such that the fertilizer flows from the bottom 35 without directly touching the tip projecting surface 13 in this manner, the odor of the fertilizer from the planting floor 34 does not occur, and the pests lay, hatch, and so on the surface of the planting floor 34. It also prevents outbreaks, and as a result, feeds on pests such as animal droppings, compost, bone meal, etc., and easily becomes a hotbed where pests breed, and is a sanitary organic material that uses natural fertilizers that tend to generate bad odors. Cultivation becomes possible.

[0025]

[Application to hydroponic cultivation] When water is injected to the planting floor, which is just lighter than the water, and is filled with polypropylene planting material, the planting material floats and the projecting surface of the tip rises on the planter. Protrude from the edge. In order to suppress the floating of the planting material, earth and sand are injected into the projecting surface of the tip, and the projecting surface 13 of the planting material 16 is raised above the water surface, so that the planting material 16 rises and falls according to the water level. Even so, the height from the water surface to the tip protruding surface 13 is always kept constant,
Since the part which rises from the water surface is always kept in a certain moisture state, a planting floor suitable for hydroponics is completed. As described above, the planting material 16 can be used as a planting floor floating on water, so that it is possible to plant unpolished ponds, swamps, rivers, ports and the like. In particular, since the planting material 16 floated in a sewage treatment tank, a pond, a gutter, a drain, or the like where the odor becomes a pollution problem, the sewage treatment tank, a reservoir, a gutter, a drain, etc. Beautification, pollution problems are eliminated, and flowers and vegetables are harvested.

The folds and folds formed along the length direction of the wrinkled tape yarn 39 are caused by water 3
3, the leading end 12 of the thread 11 protrudes from the leading end protruding surface 13 so that the contact area with the outside air is large, and the thread 11 is non-hygroscopic and non-hydrophilic, and the water is easily released. In the yarn 39, the water 33 below the planting material 16 evaporates from the tip projecting surface 13 so as to be pumped up by the planting material 16, and the planting material 16 is discharged from the sewage treatment tank, the reservoir, the gutter, and the drain. It also exhibits a drainage function and a drying function in such as. Therefore, the planting material 16 is also effective as a drying means in a landfill or reclaimed land.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 59 has a large number of through-holes 152 opened in a base 51 in which a foam 149 having closed cells such as styrofoam is covered with a fence-like cover 150, and is provided in a container having an upper opening 95. A planting material 16 is inserted into the plant floor 3, and the soil 13 is deposited on the projecting surface 13 of the plant floor 3.
4 is fitted into the through-hole 152, and the front end protruding surface 1 is formed.
3 protrudes above the water surface 57. The water-permeable container 102 may be a rigid plastic-molded container, or may be a bag-like easily deformable container made of a cloth or other flexible sheet.

[0028]

[Application to the nursery] When the planting material 16 is used as a nursery, natural or artificial soil (hereinafter, referred to as "sediment") is formed on the tip projecting surface 13 so that the seed does not fall into the gap 21 between the thread pieces. It is better to stack them together. The laminated surface ground layer 15 has a gap 21 between the yarn pieces.
On the other hand, a part of the earth and sand falls between the thread pieces to widen the gap 21 and make the root 32 easy to spread, and also to make the convection of moisture inside the planting material 16 easy, and It will also promote growth.

The seedling planting material 16 ′ may be small enough to allow a single thin root extending at the time of germination to enter, and the minimum cross-sectional dimension of the plant material 16 where the cross-sectional area is minimum is 5 to 5 mm. 30 mm and the length of the thread 11 is 10
It is good to make it 100 mm. With that small size,
As shown in FIG. 42, the seedling planting material 16 'can be transplanted as a unit. The seedling-planting material 16 'is made by bundling the thread pieces 11 like a brush, a cigarette or a filter of cigarettes, and as shown in FIG. 44. Temporarily bond with a water-soluble binder 153 that can be decomposed or separated with water, such as an adhesive, or temporarily bond between the yarn pieces with a water-soluble binder 153 as shown in FIG. The planting material is hardened by the binder 153 or, as shown in FIG. 45, the planting material is wrapped by a water-decomposable film material 114 such as paper or a water-soluble filter so that the planting material is not unraveled by the time of seeding. I do.

Commercially available seedlings 117 are sold in flexible plastic pots 154 like paper cups (FIG. 64), and in order to implement the present invention corresponding to such sales forms, A small hole 116 (perforation) is formed around the bottom 115 of the plastic pot 154, and the bottom 115 is cut out along the small hole 116 during transplantation as shown in FIG.
If it is put on the front end protruding surface 13 as it is, the root extends into the planting material 16. However, the length of the thread piece 11 is
2 to 10 cm shorter than the depth of the
3 sinks below the upper opening 95 of the container 94, earth and sand 14 are deposited on the tip projecting surface 13, and the container 94 is a plastic water storage container, which is formed on the lower side surface of the tip projecting surface 13. In the planting floor 34 having the water-permeable holes 104, as shown in FIG. 60, the water-permeable holes 104 are sunk under the water surface 57 of the aquarium and planted.
As shown in FIG. 1, the seedling 117 sucks up the water 33 stored below the water permeable hole 104, so that the handling at the store becomes easy. When the present invention is implemented in accordance with the sales form of the seedlings to be placed in the plastic pots, the planting materials 16
The length of the thread 11 may be relatively short, such as about 5 to 10 cm.

[0031]

[Form of flat planting floor] Planting material 1 shown in FIGS.
6 is similar to the planting material shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and has a structure like a pile fabric whose pile length is abnormally long.
Is constructed by loading the planting material 16 into a container (planter 40 / water tank 26) capable of storing water with the tip projecting surface 13 facing upward. Except for the planting floor shown in FIG. 10, the length of the thread piece is set to 22 cm, and the planting material has a thickness corresponding to the length of the thread piece. Except for the planting floor shown in FIGS. 10 and 15, earth and sand 14 are laminated on the tip projecting surface 13 to the extent that the tip 12 of the thread is partially exposed, and the tip 12 of the adjacent thread is The gap between the tip portions 12 is earth and sand 1
4, the surface portion of the planting material 16 forms a surface layer 15 in which earth and sand 14 and the tip portion 12 of the thread piece 11 are mixed, and the seeds pass through the gaps 21 between the thread pieces and reach the bottom. 35
Do not fall deeply. FIG. 8 illustrates a case where the planting floor 34 is used for hydroponic cultivation.
A wrinkled tape yarn 39 made of polypropylene, which is lighter than water, is used for 1 and the substrate 30, and the planting material 16 is prepared so as to float in water. The thickness of the planting material 16, that is, the length of the thread strip 11 from the base material 30 to the distal end protruding surface 13 is shorter than the depth of the container 40.
For this reason, the planting material 16 rises and falls according to the water level of the water stored in the container 40, but the height from the water surface 57 to the tip protruding surface 13 is always kept constant, and as a result, the portion protruding from the water surface 57 Is always kept moist. A pipe 42 is vertically inserted into the planting material 16 shown in FIG. 9, and a float 58 is mounted on the pipe 42 so as to be able to ascend and descend, and the water level 57 of the inside 40 of the container is confirmed by the float 58. The mouth 43 of the pipe 42 protrudes from the surface (13) of the planting floor, and the mouth 4
The water 33 and the liquid fertilizer injected from 3 flow into the bottom of the container 40, diffuse into the entire bottom 35 of the planting floor 34, and gradually move to the tip protruding surface 13 along the thread 11.

FIGS. 10 to 14 show a planter having water level control means. One of two drain holes formed on the left and right of the bottom of a commercially available planter 40 is closed, and the other is stopped. One end of a soft transparent vinyl pipe 42 slightly larger than the hole diameter is tightly fitted to the drain hole. The mouth 43 of the transparent vinyl pipe 42 is detachably engaged with the upper edge of the planter. Since the pipe 42 is transparent, the water level inside the planter can be visually checked. The upper edge of the planter 40 shown in FIGS.
Is opened, and the mouth of the pipe 42 can be locked by being inserted into the insertion hole 59. In the planter 40 shown in FIG. 11, a stopper having a pipe insertion groove 60 is attached to the upper edge of the planter, and the pipe 42 is inserted into the insertion groove 60.
Can be inserted and locked. In the planter 40 shown in FIG. 12, an elongated rectangular opening is formed in the flange at the upper edge, and the tip of the pipe 42 can be fitted and locked to the drain port 61 of the elongated funnel 62 fitted in the opening. When the funnel 62 is attached to the upper end of the pipe 42 in this manner, the water 33 and the fertilizer are easily injected into the bottom of the planter 40 through the pipe 42. In the planter 40 shown in FIG. 14, a hook 63 is attached to the tip of the pipe 42, and the hook 63 is hooked on the upper edge of the planter 40 and locked. FIG. 10 illustrates the planting floor 34 prepared also as a fertilizer storage container. The interior 40 of the planter is divided into five upper and lower stages by four net-shaped perforated partition plates 64. The planting material 16 is loaded in the second space from the top, on which a stratum 15 of about 2 cm in thickness by earth and sand is laminated. The lower side of the partition plate supporting the planting material is a water retaining layer 41. In the third and fourth spaces from the top, a fertilizer 65 containing animal dung as a main component, which is prepared by mixing pieces of tape yarn and hardly dripping, is stored.
The fertilizer 65 can be pumped out as a liquid fertilizer by knocking down the pipe 42. 66 is a spacer. FIG. 15 illustrates an example of application of the planting material 16 to a wide flower bed, where the planting material 16 is loaded on a water tank 26 placed on a spacer 67 and arranged in a stepwise manner with a different height. I have. A drain pipe 68 is attached to each water tank 26 at a reference water level. The mouth of the drain pipe 68 protrudes above the lower water tank 26, and the drain pipe 68
Also serves as a water supply pipe for pouring water into the lower water tank 26.
69 is a water supply pipe for supplying water to the uppermost water tank 26. Earth and sand 14 are laminated on the planting material 16,
The stratum 15 forms an undulating hill (34) corresponding to the height of the water tank 26.

The planter 40 shown in FIG. 30 includes a container body 94 having an upper opening 95 and a lid 96 fitted into the upper opening 95. The planting material 1 in which the thread pieces 11 are gathered is placed in the punter 40.
6 are loaded. The lid 96 has a depression 98 which is depressed toward the bottom 97 of the container body, and a depression opening 99 is opened at the bottom of the depression 98 toward the bottom 97 of the container main body. The material 16 is inserted with the bottom surface 93 facing the inside 100 of the container body, and the planting material 16 is inserted.
Projecting from the depression opening 96. When the lid 96 is removed, the water 30 stored in the container body 94 is removed.
Can be replaced or fertilizer can be put in the inside 100 of the container body, and at this time, the plant 31 and the planting material 16 are covered with the lid 9.
6, so that the fertilizer does not touch the root of the plant directly. Even if a large amount of rainwater flows from the depression 98 at the time of heavy rain, if the water level in the container body 100 reaches the opening 95, it flows out therefrom, so that the plant 31 is not flooded to the root. The depression 98 is filled with the granular material (earth and sand) 14, and the root of the plant 31 is always in alkaline soil.

The planter 40 shown in FIG. 31 is composed of an inner container 102 and an outer container 101.
02 is stored in the external container 101. The planting material 16 configured as a thread aggregate in which the length direction is aligned in the same direction and a large number of thread pieces 11 are gathered is loaded in the inner container 102, and the outer container 101 together with the inner container 102.
Can be removed and replaced. Inside the inner container is the thread 1
1, the length direction of the thread strip 11 is
The planting material 16 is loaded in the depth direction of the container 2 and the container 1
An upper depression 103 corresponding to the difference between the depth of the thread 02 and the length of the thread 11 is formed in the upper portion of the container.
The bottom of 3 is constituted by the projecting end surface 13 of the planting material 16. The depression 98 is filled with the granular material (earth and sand) 14,
The plant 31 spreads the roots in all directions so that the roots are dispersed in the earth and sand 14, and then drops the roots on the planting material 16, and the root is always placed in alkaline soil. Reference numeral 107 denotes a cover that closes an opening of the external container 101 to prevent invasion of pests, is configured by placing a surface material such as a wire mesh or cloth on a grid-like support frame material, and passes moisture or air through the cover 107. Goes into and out of the outer container. The cover 107 is provided with an opening 108 into which the internal container is fitted. The internal container is supported by the cover 107 so as to fit inside the opening 108 and not to fall. The lower part of the inner container loaded with the planting material 16 is provided with a water permeable hole 10.
4 is opened, and when the water in the internal container is sucked up by the plant 31, the water 30 in the external container is automatically supplied.
A drain hole 106 is formed in the outer container 101 at the same level as the bottom (13) of the upper dent 103. Even if a large amount of rainwater flows into the outer container 101 during heavy rain, the water level is reduced to the bottom (13) of the upper dent 103. If the level reaches the same level as in (1), it flows out from the drain hole 106 and does not flood the root of the plant 31.

[0035]

[Application of Automatic Water Supply System] In order to automate and centrally control water supply, planting materials 16 in which a large number of thread pieces 11 are gathered in the length direction are collected into a plurality of water storage containers having an upper opening 95. It is advisable that the water storage container 94 is accommodated in the depth direction in accordance with the length direction of the yarn piece 11, and the water storage containers are connected so as to be able to flow under the upper opening 95. Then, as shown in FIG. 32, the water storage containers 94 arranged on the non-permeable base 118 such as a rooftop or a road are connected by a water supply / drainage pipe 119, and a filler such as earth and sand is put between the arranged water storage containers. Ground surface 120
If one water storage container connected to the water supply / drainage pipe 119 is provided with a drainage port and a water supply port 121, it can be easily greened even on a large place such as a rooftop or a road. In this case, as shown in FIG. 33, the water-permeable container 102 having the upper opening 95 in which the planting material 16 is accommodated with the length direction of the thread piece aligned in the depth direction is transferred to the water storage container 94 having the upper opening 95. If the length direction of the thread piece is accommodated so as to match the depth direction, the plant 31 can be replanted (exchanged) overnight even in a vast place.

When the plant 31 is as heavy as a tree,
It is preferable to reinforce the water storage container 94 to withstand the weight, protrude the tip projecting surface 13 to the upper opening 95 of the water storage container, and put the plant together with the flower pot 122 on the water storage container as shown in FIG. As described above, the water-permeable container 102 may be a bag made of a cloth or other flexible sheet. However, when made of a woven fabric, the woven fabric is woven in a tubular shape with a sack weave (air woven structure) and made of a knitted fabric. In some cases, knitting in a cylindrical shape with a circular knitting machine is recommended. When used for small and light objects such as flowers, a plastic film bag having a water-permeable hole or a plastic net used for fruit packaging can also be used as the water-permeable container 102. When connecting the water storage container 94 with the water supply / drainage pipe 119 to make the planting floor wall-mounted, it is preferable to provide a water pouring port in a part of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 as shown in FIG. When the water supply / drainage pipe 119 is continuously formed in a straight line between the plurality of water storage containers 94, it becomes easy to clean even if foreign matter is clogged. There is a relay pipe 12 between the water supply and drainage pipe and the water storage
If the length of the water supply / drainage pipe becomes long, a suction port 124 for cleaning is provided in some places. When the planting floor 34 is to be suspended from a ceiling or a wisteria shelf, a single water storage container 9 is required.
A plurality of water storage containers 94B, 94B, 94B around 4A
... May be connected radially, and if an illumination light is attached to this, a chandelier-like planting floor is completed as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 46 and 47 show an example of application to the existing planter 40, in which a plurality of water reservoirs 94 having an upper opening 95 are arranged inside a housing 126 having an opening 125 at the upper part. Under the upper openings 95, the water storage containers are connected so as to be able to flow. When a plurality of water storage containers 94 are connected and used by the water supply / drainage pipe 119 in this way, when the drainage pipe 68 protrudes into the cavity of any of the plurality of water storage containers 94, the mouth 128 of the drainage pipe 68 The water level in all the water storage containers can be freely set according to the level of the lip 128 by pushing or pulling down. For this purpose, a flexible and stretchable drain pipe 68 such as a flexible pipe, a rubber pipe, or a vinyl pipe is used.

As shown in FIG. 40, one end of the drain pipe 68 is inserted from the inside of the commercially available planter 40 to the drain port 127, and the other end protrudes into the inside of the planter 40. The drain port 127 is closed by the drain pipe 68. Since the water inside can only flow out from the mouth 128 of the drain pipe 68,
The present invention may be practiced using commercially available planters. By surrounding the drain pipe 68 protruding into the planter with the cylindrical cover 129, fertilizer can be fed into the cylindrical cover 129 and supplied to all plants.

As is clear from the embodiment of the planting floor in which earth and sand are deposited on the above-mentioned projecting surface of the tip projecting surface, particularly the embodiment shown in FIG. 34, the separated state of the deposited soil tank (14) and the planting material 16. It can be understood that the planting floor in which the sediment 14 is not deposited can be used for the water receptacle 130 of the conventional flowerpot 122. However, as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 34, when the entire weight of the flowerpot 122 is directly applied to the planting material 16, the thread-like piece 11 is pushed down, and the utility as the planting material 16 is impaired. Therefore,
When the planting material 16 is used for the water receiver 130, a reinforcing member supported by the container 94 is provided between the thread pieces 11 on the planting floor 34. 36 to 39 illustrate a specific example thereof. In the water receiver 130 illustrated in FIG. 36, the planting material 16 is inserted between a number of columns 131 protruding from the bottom surface of the water storage container 94. The tip of 131 supports the flowerpot. In the water receiver 130 shown in FIGS. 37 and 38, the fence-shaped lid 78 having a grid 132 supported by being fitted into the periphery of the upper opening of the water storage container 94 supports the flowerpot 122. A large number of legs 133 protrude from the fence-shaped lid 78 shown, and the weight of the flower pot added to the fence-shaped lid 78 is distributed to the legs 133. In the water receiver 130 shown in FIG. 39, the planting material 16 inserted in the tube 134 is inserted into the water storage container 94, and the flowerpot is supported by the tube 134.

[0040]

[Application to three-dimensional planting floor] FIGS. 1 to 7 illustrate planting materials configured in a column shape. The columnar planting floor 34
The planting material 16 is loaded into the cylinder 25 having a large number of openings 47 formed at required intervals on the peripheral surface. In the columnar planting floor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tape yarn 39 is aligned so as to surround the water supply pipe 44, is drawn into the cylinder together with the soil 14, and the sand is sandwiched between the tape yarns. ing. The columnar planting floor 34 is vertically supported by a base 45. The upper ends of the tape yarn 39 and the water supply pipe 44 are cylindrical pipe 25.
Is located lower than the upper end of the column, and the upper end of the columnar planting floor is a water receiver 46 surrounded by the upper edge of the cylinder.
3 forms the bottom of the water receiver 46. The spring water 33 from the upper end of the water supply pipe 44 penetrates the planting material from the tip projecting surface 13 and gradually falls down along the tape yarn 39. The water 33 overflowing from the water receiver 46 drips along the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 25 and flows into the cylinder through an opening 47 on the peripheral surface while reaching the lower end. The opening 47 is opened upward and downward, and the periphery of the opening 47 is a slope 48 inclined upward from the inside of the cylinder toward the outside of the cylinder.
It is guided inside the cylinder along 8. The plant 31 is in the opening 48
Are planted, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder is covered with a plant 31. FIG. 3 illustrates a three-dimensional flower bed 49 configured to vertically support a plurality of columnar planting floors 34 in which a tape yarn is drawn into a cylinder together with earth and sand without inserting a water supply pipe, on a base 45.
The upper end of the columnar planting floor 34 is locked to the support frame 50. The support frame 50 is composed of a water supply pipe,
Water supplied into the cylinder from the water supply pipe drips along the internal tape yarn. FIG. 4 is a cutaway perspective view of a main part of the columnar planting floor shown in FIG.

The planting material 16 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is configured as a thread aggregate in which thread pieces (tape yarns) gathered side by side in parallel are housed in a cylinder. 5 to 7, the plant material 16 shown in FIG.
0, and the tip protruding surface 13 is parallel to the axis of the cylinder 25. Planting material 1 illustrated in FIG.
6 is configured by locking one end of each thread piece 11 of the same length to the shaft member 20, and the thread pieces 11 are radially arranged around the shaft member 20, and the periphery of the shaft member 20 is a thread. It is covered with a strip 11. Such a planting material 16 is manufactured by a manufacturing technique of a mall yarn. Column planting floor 34 shown in FIG.
Has an opening 47 similarly to the cylinder illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, and is configured by fitting the planting material 16 in a cylinder 25 having a diameter substantially equal to the length of the thread strip 11. In the loaded state, the thread strip 11 is inclined with respect to the shaft 20. The planting material 16 shown in FIG. 6 has a structure like a pile cloth having an abnormally long pile length, and is configured by locking one end of a thread piece 11 having the same length to the base material 30. The columnar planting floor 34 is configured by inserting the planting material 16 cut into a belt shape into a gutter-like shape in a cylinder 25 whose inner peripheral length is substantially the same as the width of the planting material 16. An opening 47 is provided on the peripheral surface of the cylinder 25.
Are lined up in a straight line, and the seam 52 of the band-shaped planting material 16 that has been rolled into a gutter shape and inserted overlaps the inside of the opening 47. This pillar-shaped planting floor 34 has the cylinder 25 turned sideways (horizontally), the opening 47 turned upward, and the opening 4
7 and used. FIG. 7 illustrates a state of use of the columnar planting floor 34 turned sideways.
A T-shaped connecting pipe 53 is fitted to both ends of the pipe 5. The lower opening of the connecting pipe 53 is closed by a lid member 54, and the upper opening 55 is an inlet for pouring water. The injected water 33 is stored in the inside 25 of the cylinder. The outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 25 is covered and decorated with an artificial lawn 56 so that the temperature inside the planting floor 34 does not extremely rise due to direct sunlight.

[0042]

[Natural automatic water supply / drainage of three-dimensional flower bed] As shown in FIGS. 40 and 46, the water supply / drainage container 94 'is connected to the water supply / drainage container 94' via the water supply / drainage pipe 119 so as to be able to flow below the upper opening 95 of the water storage container 94. 49 is projected toward the inside of the cavity of the water supply / drainage container 94 ′ between the level of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 and the level of the upper opening 95.
As shown in FIG. 8, a three-dimensional flower bed with automatic water supply and drainage is completed. That is, in the three-dimensional flower bed 49 shown in FIGS. 49 to 58, a plurality of water storage containers 94 containing the planting materials 16 are communicably connected by a water supply / drainage pipe 119 under the upper opening 95, and a part of the water storage container 94 is stored. The container 94 ′ is a plumbing container,
The drain port of the water supply / drainage container 94 'is connected to the water supply / drainage pipe 119.
And a plurality of planting floors 34 projecting upward into the cavity of the container up to a level between the first floor and the upper opening 95. In the three-dimensional flower bed 49 shown in FIGS. 49 to 54, both ends of the water supply / drainage pipe 119 of the planting floor 34 of each stage are supported by the rear frame 135, and the front end portions of the water storage containers 94 are formed by oblique lattice frames surrounded by the front frame 136. The upper drainage pipe 68 is supported by each lattice 137, and the upper drainage pipe 68 is connected to the lower water reservoir 94 directly or via the lower water supply / drainage pipe 119, and the water level in the upper water reservoir is set at the tip 1 of the drain pipe 68.
When the water reaches 28, the water excessively supplied from the water supply pipe 121 overflows from the mouth 128 of the upper drain pipe sequentially and is supplied to the lower water storage container 94. When the water level in the lowermost water reservoir reaches the mouth 128 of the drain pipe in this manner, the water is discharged from the drain pipe 68 to the drain pipe 138.

In the three-dimensional flower bed 49 shown in FIGS. 55 to 58, the water reservoir 94 of each stage is supported by a connecting pipe 142 which is surrounded by a frame 39 and connects between branch pipes 141 supported by upper and lower horizontal frames 140. . A pair of upper and lower connecting pipes 142 and 143 are connected between the branch pipes 141, and a water supply / drainage pipe 119 that connects between the water storage vessels of each stage so as to be able to circulate is connected to the connection pipe 142 that supports the water storage vessel 94 of each stage. Lower connecting pipe 1
43 and the upper connecting pipe 1 supporting the lower water storage container 94.
42 and a part 144 of a branch pipe 141 connecting the upper and lower connecting pipes 142 and 143 are formed in a zigzag manner in a wavy shape, and a part 144 of the branch pipe connecting the upper and lower connecting pipes 142 and 143 is formed in each of the upper and lower stages. Pair of upper connecting pipes 14
2 is filled with a packing 145 between the lower connecting pipes 143, and the pair of upper connecting pipes 142 and the lower connecting pipes 143 are partitioned by the packing 145 (FIG. 57C). However, the uppermost upper connecting pipe 142a
Does not constitute a part of the water supply / drainage pipe since there is no water storage container thereon, and may simply connect the branch pipes in a decorative manner. The branch pipe 141 is connected between the upper connection pipe 142a and the lower connection pipe 143a. Need not be separated by packing (FIG. 57B).
Further, since the lower connecting pipe 143c at the lowermost stage does not have a water reservoir below the lower connecting pipe 143c, it may be a straight line connecting the branch pipes 141, 141, and the water supply / drainage pipe 119c at the lowermost stage can be made straight and continuous (FIG. 57). e). Branch pipes 1 at left and right ends
41a and 141b have no water reservoir outside,
It is not necessary to use a part of the water supply / drainage pipe, but the connecting pipe 14 supported by the branch pipes 141a and 141b at both left and right ends.
The tip of 2.143 is closed with packing 145 (FIG. 57).
B and f). The bottom plumbing pipe 119c (143
c) A water supply pipe and a drain pipe 138 are provided on the lower side, and the branch pipe 14 of the water supply pipe 44 is provided above the uppermost water reservoir 94a.
6 are provided, the upper and lower ends of the left and right branch pipes 141a and 141b are closed by packing 145, and one end branch pipe 141a is a connecting pipe connecting the water supply pipe 44 and the branch pipe 146. A water passage hole 147 is formed in a portion appearing in the end branch pipe interior 141a.
d). At the center of the branch pipe 146, the upper water storage container 9 is located.
A water supply port 121 is provided toward 4a '. The drainage pipes 68 protruding from the mouth 128 inside the water storage containers 94a ', 94b', and 94c 'at the center of each stage are provided. The lower ends of the uppermost and middle drainage pipes are located at the center of the lower stage. (FIG. 56), and the lower end of the lowermost drain pipe 68c is connected to the drain pipe 138 (FIG. 57E).

FIG. 58 shows the three-dimensional flower bed 4 shown in FIGS.
9 when the water supplied from the water supply port 121 reaches a predetermined water level in the uppermost water reservoir 94a, it overflows from the mouth of the drain pipe 68a of the central water reservoir 94a '. The drained water is stored in the middle storage tank 94.
b ', and when the middle water reservoir 94b reaches a predetermined water level, the drain pipe 68 of the central water reservoir 94b'
The water overflowing from the mouth of b 'is sent to the lowermost water reservoir 94c, and when the lower water reservoir 94c reaches a predetermined water level, the water overflowing from the mouth of the drain pipe 68c is drained to the drain pipe 13c.
8 and the water level of each stage is thus
The level is set as appropriate by changing the level of the lip 128 of FIG. Therefore, the branch pipe 146 is partitioned by the water supply port 121, and the one end branch pipe 141b in which the water passage hole 147 is not opened is opened to the lowermost water supply / drainage pipe 119c (143c), and the lowermost water level is detected therein. Built-in sensor
The water inlet 1 is detected by the water level detection signal 148 detected by the sensor.
By opening and closing 21, water in all water storage containers is automatically maintained at a predetermined water level. In this case, the water supply port 121 may be intermittently opened and closed so as to reach the highest water level after a certain time has elapsed after the water level has reached the lowest water level, in consideration of the oxygen supply effect to the planting material due to the fluctuation of the water level.

To straighten the water supply / drainage pipes of the three-dimensional flowerbed planting apparatus shown in FIGS. 55 to 58 in the same manner as the three-dimensional flowerbed planting apparatus shown in FIGS.
As shown in -66, each branch 141 arranged in parallel
Straight water supply / drainage pipes 119 of respective stages arranged vertically at substantially the same interval as the height of the water storage container 94 are joined by a clamp 156, and an L-shaped relay pipe 68 is protruded from the water supply / drainage pipe 119 with its mouth facing upward. Connect the water storage container 94 to the relay pipe 6
8, the mouth of the relay pipe 68 is fitted into the insertion hole on the bottom surface of the water storage container 94, and the tip of the U is bent downward like a hook.
The upper part of the water storage container 94 is fitted into the U-shaped clip 157, and the downwardly bent clip 157 is hooked on the upper supply / drainage pipe 119. By doing so, FIGS.
As in the three-dimensional flowerbed planting apparatus shown in FIG. 8, the effort and the branch pipe 1 to make a hole in the branch pipe 141 and join the connecting pipes 142 and 143 are formed.
There is no need to load the packing 145 into the container 41, the water supply / drainage pipe 119 is easy to clean when foreign matter is clogged, and a three-dimensional flower bed planting device provided on the upper side of the water storage container 94 provides a wide space necessary for growing plants. Obtained simply. In addition, FIG.
In the three-dimensional flower bed shown in FIG. 58, a large number of planting floors 34 in which a plurality of water storage containers 94 are arranged in a horizontal line are vertically arranged in several stages vertically, but the water storage containers 94 are arranged in a curved line in a horizontal direction. It is also possible to arrange the planting floors 34 in a curved or oblique manner up and down, so that banking, road slopes and other large slopes can be easily greened. Also, a plurality of water storage containers 94 are connected by a water supply / drain pipe 119,
The planting floor 34 for supplying and draining water from the bottom of the water storage container 94.
Alternatively, a device in which the planting material 16 is excluded from the three-dimensional flower bed 49 can be used as a planting device by loading a water reservoir 94 with a porous material such as Kanuma soil or pumice stone instead of the planting material.

[0046]

[General manufacturing method of planting material] The planting material shown in FIGS. 8 to 15 has a structure like a pile cloth having an extraordinarily long pile length. It can be manufactured according to. 16 to 19 specifically show the structure of the planting material 16 manufactured according to a general pile fabric manufacturing technique, and the structure enables automatic mass production of the planting material. The planting material 16 shown in FIG. 16 is a warp knitting machine in which thick and long knitting needles are arranged with a coarse gauge, and knitting wrinkled tape yarns 39 for packing instead of pile yarns are knitted in a ground knitted fabric, and a yarn strip as a long pile is used. 11 is protruding from the knitted fabric. The entire planting material looks like a normal warp-knit pile fabric used as a chair upholstery. 70 is a ground warp and 71 is an insertion yarn. The ground knitted fabric 30 is knitted by locking the insertion yarn 71 at a chain stitch knitted by the ground warp yarn 70. In the knitting process, the thread strip 11 is knitted into a chain stitch knitted by the ground warp yarn 70, and is locked to the ground knitted fabric 30 by the chain stitch. The planting material 16 shown in FIG. 17 is a pile weaving machine in which the spacing between the reeds is coarse, and the wrinkled tape yarn 3 for packing.
9 is woven into the ground fabric 30 as pile yarn. The ground fabric 30 is woven in a plain weave structure by a ground warp 72 and a ground weft 73, and the root 35 of the yarn strip 11 is bent in a W shape and entangled with the ground weft 73 to be locked. The whole planting material looks like an enlarged woven pile fabric (moquette) used as a chair upholstery. The planting material shown in FIG. 18 is made by a tufted machine in which thick and long needles 76 are roughly arranged. Wrinkled tape yarn 3 for packing
9 is inserted into the base fabric 30 as a pile thread, the tape yarn 39 protruding in a loop shape is locked by a looper 74, and cut by a looper 74 and a knife 75. The entire planting material looks like an enlarged version of a commercially available tufted carpet. The planting material shown in FIG. 19 is made according to a bonded carpet manufacturing technique.
The packing wrinkled tape yarn 39 is made of U as pile yarn.
It is bent in the shape of a letter, and is implanted in the coating layer 77 of the adhesive applied to the base fabric 30.

[0047]

[Simple manufacturing method of planting material] Figs. 20 to 26 illustrate a planting material that is simply manufactured without requiring special technical means. The planting material shown in FIG. 20 is obtained by cutting a bundle of tape yarn into a predetermined length to form a thread bundle 79, and collecting the bundle into a basket 24.
It is configured to be packed in a fence-shaped container surrounded by other meshes. With this method, planting materials can be made with scissors only. In FIG. 20, the upper opening of the container 24 is illustrated as being closed by a fence-shaped lid 78. The fence-shaped lid 78 allows planting materials using the fence-shaped container 24 to be widely used in parks and other places. When the planting floor is formed side by side, it protects the thread pieces from staying down and does not become an essential member of the planting material. If a hard and strong container is used for the container 24, as shown in FIG.
6, a vast planting floor 34 is completed. FIG.
2 is a thread bundle 7 at the opening of the concrete block 27.
9 shows a planting material 16 which is constructed by inserting 9. If this concrete block 27 is spread over the vast water tank 26 shown in FIG.
Can be done. In the manufacturing process of the wide plastic film 18, such a thread bundle 79 passes the wide plastic film 18 extruded from the T-die extruder through a guide bar 88 with a cutter to form a plurality of tape yarns 1.
9 or the wide plastic film 18 is divided into a plurality of tape yarns 19 through a guide bar 88 with a cutter in a manufacturing process of the tape yarn 19.
The plurality of divided tape yarns 19 are converged, cut out to a required length while being drawn out by a draw-out roll 89, and are produced. FIGS. 23 and 26 show a method of bundling the thread bundle 79 so as not to be unraveled.
The yarn bundle 79 is pulled into the attached tube 80, and the drawing jig 9 is pulled out.
If the tubular net bag 23 and the thread bundle 79 are cut out to a required length while being pulled out from the tube 80 according to 0, a thread bundle 79 that cannot be unwrapped and wrapped in the tubular net bag 23 is obtained.

Also, a thread bundle 79 pulled out of the tube 80
Is cut with a heat cutter (heating wire) 81, or when the cut is heated, the ends of the thread strips 11 appearing in the cut are fused to each other, and the loosening at the cut can be prevented. become. Since the molten mass 82 is formed at the end of the yarn piece 11 thus heated, if the adhesive 29 is applied thereto, an anchoring effect by the molten mass 82 occurs, and the cutting opening is not easily understood. A yarn bundle 79 is completed. The thread bundle 79 having the cut-off prevention thus obtained is bisected by the cutter 91, and the cut-out is used as the front end protruding surface 13. In the yarn bundle 79 using a plastic tape yarn 19 or a film 18 having a low specific gravity such as polypropylene, the converging portion (2) of the yarn bundle serving as the bottom of the planting material is used.
If the heavy cylindrical ring 83 is fitted to 9) or cement or other high specific gravity adhesive 29 is applied, the planting material 16 which does not float in water can be obtained.

FIG. 24 shows another method of tying the thread bundle 79 so that it cannot be unraveled.
Wrinkle (or warp) the wrinkled tape yarn 39 which becomes 1
And woven or knitted fabric 85 with the warp 84 (or weft) intersected with the space between them being coarse, winding up the tape yarn 39 in the length direction of the tape core 39 and cutting it to a required length. Made According to this method, the yarn pieces 11 are bound by the warp 84 (or the weft) orthogonal to the creased tape yarn 39, and the thread bundle 79 becomes difficult to unravel. FIG.
The yarn piece bundle 79 shown in FIG. 4 has the yarn pieces joined to each other with the yarn, but the woven fabric is orthogonal to the yarn pieces arranged in parallel like a warp or a weft, and the heat-fusing property is obtained. A resin or tape may be overlaid, and the yarn pieces may be joined via the heat-fusible resin or tape. The planting material 16 made as a thread bundle 79 is shown in FIG.
7 to 25, the planter 40 shown in FIGS. 8 to 15, the fence container 24 shown in FIG. 20, and the concrete block 27 shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the thread bundle 79 is loaded into the bowl 28 such as a cup or a can together with the seed 86 put in the moisture-impermeable bag, and the lid 87 is closed to form the compact planting floor 34. The bundle of strips 79 is tufted and beautiful, the seeds germinate steadily, and the planting floor 34 that is hygienic and has commercial value as a gift is obtained. FIG. 25 is an enlarged perspective view of the creased tape yarn 29 described above.

FIGS. 28 and 29 illustrate another method of simply binding the thread bundle 79 so as not to be unraveled. A number of yarns 19 are aligned in the same direction in the length direction, bundled through a pair of facing guide rings 111 and 112, and cut by a heat cutter 81 moving between the pair of guide rings 111 and 112. Is done. At that time, the cutout 109 is the guide ring 111.1
12 is surrounded by the peripheral edge of the
The melt 92 of the formed yarn 19 does not protrude from the cut 109, and the adjacent yarn pieces 11 at the cut 109 are formed.
And between the yarn pieces 11, the adjacent yarn pieces 11 are joined by the melt 92. as a result,
No adhesive is required to join the yarn pieces 11 to each other, and the yarn pieces 11 and 11 are fused together via the melt 92 of the yarn pieces 11, and the melt 92 By bottom 93
Is obtained. When the thread bundle 79 thus produced is cut between the left and right cutting openings 109 and 109 with a cutting tool such as a saw 110 having a knurled edge, the thread 11 is scratched by the blade edge and is vertically cracked ( Fibrillation), the tip is finely fuzzed, and the tip protruding surface 1
The planting material 16 in which 3 is covered with the fine fluff 113 is obtained.

As shown in FIG. 42, this was found as a result of using the planting materials 16 and 16 'in a two-tiered manner, and the roots of the plants were seen from the side of the planting material 16 in the lower stage. It grows in, and when used in such a manner, the planting material 16 in the lower stage does not necessarily need to have a fuzzy tip, and therefore, when depositing the earth and sand 14, it is cut by the heat cutter 81, A thread aggregate having both ends fused by a melt 92 can also be used as the planting material 16.

The planting material 16 is preferably prepared so that the maximum size of the bottom surface 93 is 10 cm or less, regardless of the manufacturing method. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, in the case of the wide-width planting material 16 made according to the pile fabric manufacturing method, it is cut so that the maximum size of the bottom surface 93 becomes 10 mm.
cm or less. If the planting material 16 is small, it can be used by loading a large number into the basket 24 as shown in FIG. 21 or by loading only a required number into the planter 40 shown in FIG. 30 or 31. Not only can the density of the thread pieces 11 on the planting floor 34 be adjusted according to the type of the plant 31 in accordance with the number of plants to be planted, but also the roots remaining in the planting material 16 after use can be easily washed and removed. It is. In consideration of these points, planting materials 16
It is desired that the maximum dimension of the bottom surface 93 be 5 cm or less, preferably 2 to 4 cm, enough to hold the planting material 16 by hand.

[0053]

[Planting experiment] Seed does not fall between the yarn pieces (20c
On a planting floor 34 prepared by putting earth and sand on the protruding surface of the planting material in one spoon per square meter ( ² m2), chives (green onion), chili (green onion), kale (green cabbage for green juice), cucumbers, Komatsuna, Tokinashi Gosan, Ginseng, Parsley, Watercress (herb), Kosai (herb), Summer Sabori (herb), Lavender (herb), Rosemary (herb), Carnation, Viola, Pansy, Petunia, Mini Cyclamen, We planted lobelia, verbena, safflower, pine needle peony, purple flowering vegetables, and forget-me-nots, and observed germination, flowering, and harvesting, respectively. In addition, the seedlings of tomato and eggplant were cut between the thread pieces on the planting floor 34, planted, and flowering and harvesting were observed. In addition, bekonia, Orizuru orchid, Safinia, Tapian, Kotemari, Shiba-zakura cut flowers are inserted between the thread pieces of the planting floor 34, which is prepared by stuffing planting materials into the stoppered planters, and rooting and flowering respectively. I saw Petunia and pine needle peony, which saw and germinated / flowered / harvested after sowing, saw new germination / flowering for petunia and newly germinated for pine needle peony in March of the following year. The overwintered pine needle peony had a dead trunk at the previous year, but its roots were thick and swollen, forming a ginseng shape. Furthermore, when the young seedlings of the forest are put on the planting floor 34 of the present invention, they grow and flower,
In March of the following year, I saw new germination and growth. Through these planting experiments, it was demonstrated that the planting floor 34 of the present invention is suitable for growing all plants.

[0054]

As is clear from the above, the planting floor 34 of the present invention is evident.
Is suitable for cultivation of all plants, cut flower support, cutting support, nursery, planting floor, vegetable storage floor, hydroponics, sewage treatment tank and other water storage lids, landfill and reclaimed land drying means It is easy to obtain suitable planting materials, easily planting in high-rise houses and other general homes, and enjoying fresh nature while enjoying nature, greening the city and enriching everyday life. The advantages of the invention are enormous.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of the planting floor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the planting floor shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a part of a planting floor according to the present invention in a circle.

FIG. 8 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a main part of a container for loading planting materials according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a main part of a container for loading planting materials according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional front view of a planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a sectional front view of a planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an assembling procedure of a planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a procedure for assembling a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an assembling procedure of a planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a part of a planting material according to the present invention in a circle.

FIG. 24 is an exploded perspective view of a planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of a main part of a thread piece constituting the planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a perspective view in a manufacturing process of the planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a procedure for assembling a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a perspective view in a manufacturing process of the planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional front view of the planting material according to the present invention, which is partially enlarged and surrounded by a circle A and a circle B.

FIG. 30 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a square where a planting floor according to the present invention is installed.

FIG. 33 is a sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view illustrating a part of a planting floor according to the present invention in a circle.

FIG. 36 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a water receiver according to the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a sectional view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a seedbed planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a seedbed planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 45 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a seedbed planting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a sectional perspective view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 47 is a front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 48 is a perspective view illustrating a part of a planting device according to the present invention by surrounding it in a circle.

FIG. 49 is a perspective view of a planting device according to the present invention.

50 is a side view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49.

FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view of the planting device shown in FIG. 50 taken along a line XX ′.

FIG. 52 is a front view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49.

FIG. 53 is a rear view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49.

54 is a supply / drainage path diagram of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 49.

FIG. 55 is a perspective view of a planting device according to the present invention.

56 is a cutaway perspective view of a main part of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 55.

FIG. 57 is a front view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 55, which shows six main parts in a circle and is enlarged.

58 is a supply / drainage path diagram of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 55.

FIG. 59 is a cutaway perspective view of a main part of the planting apparatus according to the present invention, which is partially enlarged and shown in a circle.

FIG. 60 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a perspective view of a plastic pot according to the present invention.

FIG. 63 is a sectional front view of a planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a cross-sectional front view of a conventional plastic pot.

FIG. 65 is a front view of a main part of the planting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 66 is a perspective view of a main part of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. 65.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 11 thread piece 12 tip 13 tip projecting surface 14 earth and sand 15 formation layer 16 planting material 17 fold 18 film 19 tape yarn 20 shaft 21 gap 23 bag 23 basket 25 cylinder 26 water tank 27 concrete block 28 pot 29 adhesive 30 base material 31 Plant 32 Trunk Root 33 Water 34 Planting Floor 35 Root 36 Ridge 37 Groove 38 Polymerization Gap 39 Folded Tape Yarn 40 Planter 41 Water Retention Pipe 42 Pipe 43 Mouth 44 Water Pipe 45 Base 46 Water Receiving 47 Opening 48 Slope 49 Three-dimensional flowerbed 50 Support frame 52 Seam 53 Joint pipe 54 Lid material 55 Upper opening 56 Artificial turf 57 Water surface 58 Float 59 Insert hole 60 Insert groove 61 Drain outlet 62 Funnel 63 Hook 64 Partition plate 65 Fertilizer 66 Spacer 67 Spacer 68 Drain Pipe 69 Water supply pipe 70 Thread 71 Inserted thread 72 Ground warp 73 Ground weft 74 Looper 75 Knife 76 Needle 77 Coating layer 78 Bar-shaped lid 79 Thread bundle 80 Pipe 81 Heat cutter 82 Melt mass 83 Ring 84 Warp 85 Fabric 86 Seed 87 Lid 88 Guide with cutter Bar 89 Pull-out roll 90 Pull-out jig 91 Cutter 92 Melt 93 Bottom 94 Container main body 95 Container main body opening 96 Lid 97 Container main body bottom 98 Depression 99 Depressed opening 100 Container main body 101 External container 102 Internal container 103 Upper concave 104 Water Permeation Hole 105 Inside of Inner Container 106 Drainage Hole 107 Cover 108 Opening 109 Cutting Port 110 Saw 111 Guide Ring 112 Guide Ring 113 Fluff 114 Water Dispersible Film Material 115 Pot Bottom 116 Small Hole 117 Seedling 118 Non-permeable Base 119 Water Supply / Drainage Ip 120 Ground surface 121 Water supply port 122 Flower pot 123 Relay pipe 124 Pumping port 125 Opening 126 Housing 127 Drainage port 128 Drainage pipe 129 Casing cover 130 Water receiver 131 Support column 132 Grid 133 Leg 134 Tube 135 Rear frame 136 Front frame 137 Grid Eye 138 Drainage pipe 139 Frame 140 Horizontal frame 141 Branch pipe 142 Upper connection pipe 143 Lower connection pipe 144 Part of branch pipe 145 Packing 146 Branch pipe 147 Water passage hole 148 Water level detection signal 149 Foam 150 Fence cover 151 Base 152 Penetration hole 153 Water-soluble binder 154 Plastic pot 155 Adjusting member 156 Clamp 157 Clip

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A planting material (16) formed by gathering a large number of thread pieces (11) with their lengths aligned in an upper opening (9).
5) A planting floor in which the container having the structure described in 5) is accommodated in such a manner that the length direction of the thread is adjusted to the depth direction of the container. 2. The planting material (16) according to claim 1, wherein
To a plurality of water reservoirs (9) having an upper opening (95).
4) A planting floor that is accommodated in the depth direction along the length direction of the thread piece (11) and is connected between the water storage containers so as to be able to flow under the upper opening (95). 3. A water-permeable container (1) having an upper opening (95) and a large number of thread pieces (11) gathered together in the longitudinal direction.
02), the planting material (16) accommodated with the length direction of the thread piece aligned in the depth direction is placed in a water storage container (94) having an upper opening (95) in the depth direction. A planting floor that accommodates pieces along the length. 4. A planting material (16) according to claim 3,
Is stored in a plurality of water storage containers (94), and the upper opening (9
5) A planting floor connected under the lower side so that the water storage containers can be circulated. 5. A water supply / drainage pipe (11) that can flow through the container according to claim 1 and the water storage container according to claims 2 to 4 below an upper opening (95) of the container (94).
9) to the water supply / drainage container (94 '), the drainage port (127) of the water / drainage container (94') being located between the level of the water / drainage pipe (119) and the level of the upper opening (95). A planting floor projecting toward the inside of the cavity of the water supply and drainage container (94 '). 6. A plurality of water reservoirs (94) having an upper opening (95) are provided in a housing (126) having an opening (125) at an upper portion thereof.
5) A planter that is connected so that the water storage containers can be circulated on the lower side. 7. A drainage pipe (68) inside the cavity of any one of the plurality of water reservoirs (94) according to claim 6.
A planter that sticks out. 8. A container (94) between the thread pieces (11) of the planting floor (34) according to claim 1, between the thread pieces (11).
Planter receiver with interposed reinforcing members (78, 131, 134) supported by the water. 9. Planting material (16) according to claim 1,
The minimum cross-sectional dimension of the portion where the cross-sectional area of the cross-section is minimum is 5 to 30 mm, and the length of the thread (11) is 10 to 30 mm.
Nursery that is 100 mm. 10. Planting floor (34) according to claim 1,
In the above, the length of the yarn piece (11) is shorter than the depth of the container (94) by 2 to 10 cm, and the front end surface (1
3) sinks below the upper opening (95) of the container, and sediment (14) is deposited on the projecting surface (13) of the container,
A planting floor in which the container (94) is a plastic water storage container and has a water-permeable hole (104) on a side surface of the container (94) below the tip projecting surface (13). 11. A planting apparatus comprising removing a planting material (16) from a planting floor (34) according to claim 3, 4, 5, or 10.