JP3768220B2 - Pier structure and pier - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pier construction method and a pier.

As a pier construction method, after excavating a footing installation pit on the ground and driving a foundation pile into the soil from the bottom of this pit, a footing made of a PC version is placed in the pit and the foundation pile and footing are connected. The technique to do is disclosed by patent document 1. FIG.
JP 2001-329545 A

  According to the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to connect the main reinforcement of the foundation pile and the main reinforcement of the footing in a narrow pile hole formed in the footing, which is inferior in workability and time. There is a problem that it takes.

  The present invention solves the problems of the prior art, and provides a pier method that can easily and quickly connect a foundation pile and a footing made of a PC plate and a pier formed by this pier method. For the purpose.

  In order to achieve this object, the pier construction method according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present invention method), after driving a predetermined number of foundation piles with screw holes formed in the pile head into the soil, A footing made of a PC plate is placed on the foundation pile, and then the screw shaft of the cap bolt including the cap shaft connected to one end of the screw shaft is inserted into the footing, and further to the pile head of the foundation pile. A footing is fixed to the foundation pile by screwing.

  According to the method of the present invention, the footing can be fixed to the foundation pile by inserting the cap bolt from above the footing placed on the foundation pile and screwing it into the pile head of the foundation pile. It is not necessary to prepare special equipment to connect the main reinforcement of the foundation pile and the main reinforcement of the footing such as equipment, and special techniques and knowledge such as pressure welding, welding, rebar construction, etc. are not necessary, and pressure welding, welding The footing can be fixed to the foundation pile in a short time compared to the work of binding the main reinforcement of the foundation pile and the main reinforcement of the footing with a wire or the like by binding.

  In the method of the present invention, the construction method for constructing the pier on the footing is not particularly limited, and various known construction methods can be adopted, but among these known construction methods, a so-called block construction method is adopted, It is preferable to shorten the on-site work period and reduce the on-site work cost.

  Here, the block construction method means that the pier is divided and formed into a plurality of PC blocks called the footing, the pier block and the wing block, and the main bar is raised to a predetermined height from the footing, and then on the footing in advance. Stacking at least one pier block and wing block formed with a main reinforcement insertion hole in order so that the main reinforcement is inserted into the main insertion hole of these at least one pier block and wing block, and connecting the main reinforcement The pier block and the wing block are fixed to the footing by the above method.

  Next, the pier according to the present invention is constructed by the method of the present invention described above, and a predetermined number of foundation piles embedded in the soil, footings placed on these foundation piles, and the footings are inserted. The screw shaft is screwed to each foundation pile, and a cap bolt having a cap portion connected in an outer collar shape to the upper end of the screw shaft.

  Therefore, according to the pier of this invention, the effect which can be obtained by this invention method can be acquired.

  As explained above, according to the method of the present invention, the footing can be fixed to the foundation pile by inserting the cap bolt from above the footing placed on the foundation pile and screwing it into the pile head of the foundation pile. The effect that the footing can be easily fixed to the foundation pile without special knowledge and technology about welding, reinforcing bar construction, etc. can be obtained.

  Also, compared to the conventional technology that connects the main reinforcement of the foundation pile and the main reinforcement of the footing by pressure welding, welding, etc., the preparation time for the pressure welding and welding is unnecessary, and the footing can be fixed to the foundation pile in a short time. An effect can be obtained.

  Furthermore, compared to the conventional technology that connects the main reinforcement of the foundation pile and the main reinforcement of the footing using a wire, etc., one foundation pile and the footing can be fixed with one cap bolt, so the foundation pile can be shortened in a short time. And the effect that a footing can be fixed can be acquired.

  In addition, since specialized knowledge and expertise about pressure welding, welding, rebar work, etc. are no longer required, it is easy to collect labor, and labor costs can be reduced, and labor costs can be further reduced in terms of labor costs.

  Of course, in the foundation design stage, the position of the foundation pile is determined in consideration of the position of the underground buried object, so that the construction can be performed without moving the underground buried object.

  Next, since the pier according to the present invention is constructed by the above-described method of the present invention, the effects obtained by the method of the present invention described above can be obtained.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front view of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing an arrow A portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a footing used for the bridge. 4 is a perspective view of a pier block used for the bridge, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a wing block used for the bridge, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal front view of the upper part of the bridge, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a process diagram of the bridge construction for constructing the bridge.

  As shown in Fig. 8, this bridge work is a survey of soil and underground structures (S1), and based on the results of this survey, the bridge including the foundation is designed (S2). Accordingly, parts such as the footing 2, the pier block 3, the wing block 4, the girder 5, and the floor slab side wall block 6 shown in FIG. 1 are produced in a factory (S3).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, in parallel with the factory production of parts (S3) or after the factory production of parts (S3) is completed, the foundation work (S4) is performed at the construction site.

  In this foundation work (S4), after performing a root cutting work to excavate and remove the soil that hinders the foundation installation at the position where the pre-designed pier 1 is installed, the foundation pile 7 Is disposed in the soil, and thereafter, the foundation foundation 11 is formed as necessary.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, when a predetermined number of foundation piles 7 are installed underground, a predetermined number of foundation piles are excavated from a pit 8 and rooted to level the bottom surface 9 of the pit 8. 7 is installed in the soil in the pit 8.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the depth of the pit 8 may be set so that the bottom surface 9 thereof is set to be deeper than or equal to the position of the upper end surface 10 of each foundation pile 7. If necessary, the depth of the pit 8 is set deeper than the upper end surface 10 of the foundation pile 7 so that the foundation ground 11 made of the chestnut layer 12 for groundwater countermeasures can be arranged between the upper end surfaces 10 of the pile 7. ing.

  Of course, the foundation foundation 11 is not essential for the present invention, and is omitted, and the pit 8 is excavated so that the depth of the bottom surface 9 of the pit 8 is equal to the depth of the upper end surface 10 of the foundation pile 7. Also good.

  The method of installing the foundation pile 7 in the soil is not particularly limited. For example, in this embodiment, a method of driving a PC concrete pile into the soil with a pile hammer in order to shorten the construction period. Alternatively, after a pile hole is formed by an earth auger or the like, a method of inserting a pile made of PC concrete is adopted.

  As shown in FIG. 8, after the foundation pile 7 is installed (S4), a foundation foundation 11 having a flat upper surface is formed at the bottom in the pit 8 by spreading a chestnut stone to form a chestnut stone layer 12 as necessary. Thereafter, the footing 2 is installed (S5).

  Here, the foundation foundation 11 may be composed of a sand layer, a soil layer, a cocoon layer, or the like together with the chestnut layer 12 or instead of the chestnut layer 12. Further, instead of the Kuriishi layer 12, the sand layer, the soil layer, the cocoon layer, or the like, a stalk layer may be provided together with the Kuriishi layer 12, the sand layer, the soil layer, the cocoon layer, etc. By doing so, the construction of the stucone and the stuconic curing is omitted, and the on-site construction period is further shortened and the manpower is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the footing 2 is formed with a predetermined number of through holes 19 that vertically penetrate the footing 2 at positions corresponding to the foundation piles 7 during factory production.

  Each through hole 19 is formed to have a diameter larger than a screw shaft 21 of the cap bolt 20 described later and smaller than an outer diameter of the cap portion 22 of the cap bolt 20 and the pile head 16. The footing 2 is placed on the foundation pile 7 according to the position of each foundation pile 7 and fixed to each foundation pile 7 with the cap bolt 20.

  Each cap bolt 20 is made of, for example, iron, and is connected to a screw shaft 21 to be screwed into the screw hole 17 of the pile head 16, and one end thereof in an outer collar shape having a larger diameter than the through hole 19. The footing 2 is provided, and the footing 2 is fixed to the foundation pile 7 by inserting the screw shaft 21 into the through hole 19 from above the footing 2 and screwing the screw shaft 17 into the screw hole 17.

  In this way, according to the method of the present invention, a predetermined number of foundation piles 7 buried in the soil, the footings 2 placed on these foundation piles 7, and the footings 2 inserted into the foundation piles 7 are screwed. A structure including a screw shaft 21 that is tightened and a cap bolt 20 having a cap portion 22 that is connected to the upper end of the screw shaft 21 in an outer collar shape is obtained.

  In this embodiment, a filling hole 23 communicating with the inside of the through hole 19 from the upper surface is formed in the cap portion 22 as necessary, and after the cap bolt 20 is screwed, the filling hole 23 is passed through the through hole 19. For example, the footing 2 is prevented from skidding with respect to the foundation pile 7 and the cap bolt 20 by filling and solidifying the filler 24 made of mortar or the like.

  In this embodiment, if necessary, a cushioning material 25 made of, for example, a sheet rubber is inserted between the foundation pile 7 and the footing 2 to prevent the lower surface of the footing 2 from being damaged, Groundwater enters between the footing 2 and the foundation pile 7 so that the rusting of the screw hole 17 and the screw shaft 21 and the rust growth of the screw hole 17 and the screw shaft 21 can be prevented over a long period of time.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, in order to prevent the rusting of the screw hole 17 and the screw shaft 21 and the growth of rust on the screw hole 17 and the screw shaft 21 for a longer period of time, the screw hole 17 and A water repellent material such as grease is applied to the screw shaft 21.

  The filling hole 23 can also be used as an insertion hole into which a tool for rotating the cap bolt 20 is inserted.

  Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a part of the main reinforcement 26 of the footing 2 is arranged so as to pass through the through hole 19 to reinforce the filler 24. This is not essential to the present invention.

  Further, the cushioning material 25 may be omitted, and conversely, it may be provided over the entire surface of the foundation substrate.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when the installation of the footing 2 (S5) is completed, the superstructure, that is, the superstructure assembly for assembling the pier block 3, the wing block 4, the girder 5, the floor slab side wall block 6 and the like on the footing 2 is performed. (S6) is performed.

  Actually, this superstructure assembly (S6) is started after the cap bolt 20 is screwed to the foundation pile 7 and before the footing 2 is installed (S5), and the grout 24 is driven into the through hole 19 and Although the work period can be further shortened by overlapping the work period of the curing with the work period of the superstructure assembly (S6), here, in order to simplify the explanation, the superstructure is completed after the installation of the footing 2 (S5). The description will proceed assuming that the assembly (S6) is started.

  In the superstructure assembly (S6), the pier assembly for fixing the pier block 3 and the wing block 4 to the footing 2, the girder for fixing the girder 5 on the wing block 4, and the floor slab side wall on the girder 5 The roadbed assembly for fixing the block 3 is sequentially performed.

  As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 4, the pier block 3 is a solid reinforced concrete block formed in a solid rectangular shape, and the periphery of the four sides is spaced from the lower surface of the pier block 3 with a predetermined interval. A predetermined number of main muscle insertion holes 27 penetrating therethrough are formed.

  Further, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 5, the wing block 4 is a reinforced concrete block having a rectangular central portion 28 corresponding to the pier block 3 and tapered wing portions 29 projecting on both right and left sides. In the central portion 28, a main reinforcement insertion hole 30 penetrating from the lower surface to the upper surface is formed in correspondence with the main reinforcement insertion hole 27 of the pier block 3.

  Further, a predetermined number of anchor bolts 31 are projected on the upper surface of the wing block 4 at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

  As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, a rectangular joint surface 32 that receives the pier block 3 is formed at the center of the upper surface of the footing 2, and a gap is formed between the joint surface 32 and the pier block 3. In order to avoid this, a plate material such as an iron plate, a steel plate, or a synthetic resin plate covering the joint surface 32 is embedded in the footing 2 in advance as necessary.

  Further, at the center of the footing 2, the pier block 3 and the wing block 4 are tightly coupled to the footing 2 at a position corresponding to each main bar insertion hole 27 of the pier block 3 at the periphery of the joint surface 32. For this purpose, a lower end portion 33a of a bridge pier main bar 33 made of, for example, a piano wire is embedded so as to penetrate the joint surface 32 from the lower surface of the footing 2 and to protrude upward from the joint surface 32.

  In the pier assembly, the extension portion 33b made of a piano wire is connected to the lower end portion 33a of the pier main bar 33 protruding from the upper surface of the footing 2 fixed to the foundation pile 7 by, for example, pressure welding, welding, etc. A predetermined number of pier main bars 33 are raised up to a predetermined height at the center of the footing 2, and thereafter, each pier main bar 33 is inserted into the main bar insertion hole 27 of the corresponding pier block 3. The pier block 4 is stacked on the footing 2.

  Thereafter, if necessary, the extension portion 33b is repeatedly added and the pier block 3 is stacked, and the wing block 4 is stacked on the uppermost pier block 3 in the same manner. A nut 34 is screwed into a pier main bar 33 protruding above the wing block 4 and tightened to fasten the pier main bar 33 so that a predetermined number of pier blocks 3 and wing blocks 4 are attached to the footing 2. The bridge pier 1 made of PC concrete blocks is completed. At this time, a pedestal such as an iron plate or a steel plate is embedded in the binding position as necessary to prevent damage to the upper surface of the wing block 4.

  If necessary, the upper and lower end surfaces of the pier block 3 and the lower surface of the central portion 28 of the wing block 4 are previously covered with a plate material such as a metal plate such as an iron plate or a steel plate or a synthetic resin plate, and the footing 2 and the pier block. 3 is prevented from occurring on the joint surface between the three pier blocks 3 or between the pier blocks 3 or between the pier block 3 and the wing block 4.

  Further, the upper end portion of the main bar insertion hole 30 of the wing block 4 is buckled so as to sink the nut 34 from the upper surface of the wing block 4.

  Furthermore, if necessary, after the pier main reinforcement 33 is tightened, the portion of the pier main reinforcement 33 protruding from the upper surface of the wing block 4 is cut off.

  In order to prevent rusting of the pier main reinforcement 33 and the growth of rust for a longer period of time, a water repellent material such as grease is poured from the upper end of the main reinforcement insertion hole 30 as necessary, so that the pier main reinforcement 33 is provided. It is painted on.

  By the way, after the pier assembly for fixing the pier block 3 and the wing block 4 to the footing 2 is completed, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. It is fixed with the sheet 35 interposed therebetween.

  As shown in FIG. 6, each seismic rubber sheet 35 is obtained by attaching mounting plates 35 b made of, for example, an iron plate or a steel plate to the upper and lower surfaces of the rubber sheet 35 a by, for example, vulcanization adhesion, and are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Thus, it is placed at a predetermined position on the wing block 4 and fixed to the wing block 4 by using the anchor bolt 31 together with the end of the beam 5 placed thereon.

  After fixing a predetermined number of girders 5 on the wing block 4, spacer blocks 36 produced in advance in the factory are inserted between the girders 5 in a horizontal row, and tie rods 37 are inserted through all the girders 5 and the spacer blocks 36. In addition, the girder 5 is prevented from moving sideways by tightening from both ends.

  When the girder is finished, the floor slab side wall block 6 is placed on the girder 5 and the floor slab side wall block 6 is fixed to the girder 5 with bolts 38 to complete the superstructure assembly. After paving (S7), clean up (S8).

  This paving method is not particularly limited. For example, an asphalt paving method in which the upper surface of the road bed 39 is tack-coated with coal tar or the like and then paved with asphalt 40 over a predetermined thickness is employed.

  Of course, instead of paving the road bed 39, an iron road floor may be formed on the road bed 39.

  Note that the pits 8 are backfilled as necessary after the footing 2 has been installed within the construction period, for example, after the curing period of the filler 24 has elapsed.

  As described above, in this bridge construction method, after a predetermined number of foundation piles 7 in which screw holes 17 formed of screw holes are formed in the pile head 9 are installed in the soil, A footing 2 made of a PC plate is placed on the screw shaft 21. Thereafter, the screw shaft 21 of a cap bolt 20 having a cap shaft 22 and a cap portion 22 connected to one end of the screw shaft 21 is inserted into the footing 2 and further, Since the bridge construction method to connect the footing 2 to the foundation pile 7 by screwing and tightening to the pile head 9 of the foundation pile 7 is adopted, for concrete and grout placement and curing at the construction site The footing 2 can be fixed to the foundation pile 7 in a short time with a simple operation without taking time.

  Moreover, in order to fix the footing 2 to the foundation pile 7, no specialized knowledge or technical skill is required for pressure welding, welding, rebar construction, etc. Labor wages can be reduced.

  Further, in this pier construction method, at least one pier block 3 and wing block in which the main reinforcement 33 for the pier is raised from the footing 2 to a predetermined height, and main reinforcement insertion holes 27 and 30 are formed on the footing 2 in advance. 4 is piled up so that the main reinforcement 33 for the pier is inserted into the main reinforcement insertion holes 27 and 30 of the at least one pier block 3 and the wing block 4, and then the main reinforcement 33 for the pier is fastened. It is possible to form the PC concrete block pier 1 by fixing the pier block 3 and the wing block 4 to the footing 2 by a simple operation without taking time for placing and curing concrete and grout on the site. Therefore, the construction period of the superstructure assembly (S6) can be shortened.

  And by shortening the construction period of foundation work (S3), footing installation (S5) and superstructure assembly (S6), for example, the on-site construction period from foundation work (S3) to tidying up can be shortened to a short period of less than 10 days. It is possible to reduce the construction cost for on-site construction.

  FIG. 9 is a longitudinal front view of a bridge according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  In the bridge of this embodiment, a concave portion 14 is formed on the lower surface of the footing 2 so that the upper portion of the foundation pile 7 is plunged. While shortening, the footing 2 and the foundation pile 7 are meshed, and the lateral displacement of the footing 2 with respect to the foundation pile 7 and the cap bolt 20 is prevented.

  Further, according to this construction method, the filler 24 for preventing the lateral displacement of the footing 2 with respect to the foundation pile 7 and the cap bolt 20 is not required, so the cap hole 20 of the cap bolt 20 is omitted and the cap bolt 20 is attached. In addition to being able to reduce the cost, it is possible to reduce the material cost by omitting the filler 24 and to eliminate the need for implantation and curing of the filler 24, so that the construction time on site can be further greatly shortened. The construction cost can be further greatly reduced.

  In addition, the said buffer material 25 is formed in the cap shape which covers the upper surface of the foundation pile 7, and a surrounding surface upper part, The position shift of the foundation pile 7 and the footing 2 is permitted within the predetermined range by the elastic deformation.

Other configurations, operations, and effects of this embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment of the present invention.

It is a front view of the present invention. It is a vertical front view of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the present invention. It is a vertical front view of the present invention. It is a side view of the present invention. It is process drawing of this invention. It is a vertical front view of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

2 Footing 7 Foundation pile 16 Pile head 17 Screw hole 20 Cap bolt 21 Screw shaft 22 Cap portion

Claims (3)

After installing a predetermined number of foundation piles with screw holes in the pile head in the soil, place a footing made of PC plate on the predetermined number of foundation piles, and then connect them to the screw shaft and one end of this. A pier construction method characterized in that the footing is fixed to the foundation pile by inserting the screw shaft of the shade bolt including the shaded portion into the footing, and further screwing it into the pile head of the foundation pile. At least one abutment block and wing block that have a main muscle raised from the footing to a predetermined height and previously formed a main muscle insertion hole on the footing, and the main muscle is the main muscle of the at least one pier block and wing block. 2. The pier construction method according to claim 1, wherein the pier block and the wing block are fixed to the footing by tightening the main bars after being stacked so as to be inserted into the insertion hole. A predetermined number of foundation piles constructed by the pier construction method according to claim 1 or 2 and embedded in soil, footings placed on these foundation piles, and threaded into each foundation pile through the footings. A bridge pier comprising: a screw shaft that is tightened; and a cap bolt having a cap portion that is connected to the upper end of the screw shaft in an outer collar shape.

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