JP3766407B2 - How to detect the position of firefighters - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention detects the position of a fire brigade member using the existing fire extinguishing equipment to detect the position of a fire brigade member inside the building when a fire is extinguished at a place where radio waves are blocked in a building having a plurality of floors. It is about the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, a method using a PHS that uses radio waves or a GPS (Global Positioning System) that uses an artificial satellite to detect the position of a person or a person other than a person on the ground has been performed.
On the other hand, countless building works are being carried out nationwide, but if the manager of the construction can enter the buildings under construction and know the number of workers moving and the current location, In addition to work management, it is also effective in terms of safety.
[0003]
Fire fighting activities by fire brigades are always life-threatening, and if the location of individual fire fighters within the building being extinguished can be ascertained at a command station located far from the fire extinguishing site, It is easy to protect the members from the dangers of life and contributes to efficient fire fighting activities.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the methods such as PHS and GPS, the points detected and shown are large, and in a building having a plurality of floors, an effective position cannot be detected, and radio waves are used. It cannot be detected at the place where radio waves are blocked.
In addition, there is no one that can specifically grasp the workers moving inside the building under construction, and the only way to check who is in the building is to install a TV camera and watch it on a monitor. Even with these methods, blind spots can be formed and sufficient confirmation cannot be made. Furthermore, it is not possible to detect three-dimensionally across the hierarchy.
Furthermore, in the fire fighting activities of the fire brigade, it was difficult to grasp the positions of individual fire brigade members as well as communication during the fire extinguishing work at the place where radio waves were blocked in the buildings on and above the ground. .
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention provides an antenna on each floor of the building, allows fire fighters entering the location to carry a transmitter, receives radio waves emitted from the transmitter by the antenna, and transmits the information to a PC (Personal Computer) Alternatively, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a method for detecting the position of a fire brigade that analyzes and displays the position with a portable terminal.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 has a water outlet for fire fighting on the first floor, and has three or more indoor fire hydrant boxes on each floor that are fed from the water outlet for fire fighting through a water pipe for a fire hydrant. Is an IC chip in which the floor structure of each floor in the building and the position information of the antenna are recorded in the fire water outlet on the first floor in a building to which a fire hydrant lamp line is connected and where the radio wave is blocked on the ground or underground And attached an antenna and detector to each indoor fire hydrant box at the place where radio waves were blocked on each floor.
[0007]
When a fire brigade enters a place where radio waves are blocked in the building during fire extinguishing, radio waves are transmitted by a transmitter carried by the fire brigade, and the radio waves are installed in indoor fire hydrant boxes in the nearest three directions. The information of the transmitter is received by the antenna connected to each antenna, and the information of the transmitter based on the strength of each received radio wave is superimposed on the fire hydrant lamp line or the outlet line, and the fire hydrant lamp line Alternatively, the outlet line is transmitted to the fire outlet as an electromagnetic induction medium, and the transmitted transmitter information is transmitted to a PC or portable terminal provided at a location away from the building through a conductor. The information on the transmitter is stored in advance in the floor structure and antenna of each floor of the building that is input to the PC or portable terminal using the IC chip in advance. In consideration of the positional information by analyzing the position of the transmitter in the PC or mobile terminal, and a position detection method of the firefighters to detect and display the position of the transmitter.
[0008]
The invention of claim 2 detects the position of the transmitter on the PC or portable terminal a plurality of times, and carries the transmitter from the presence or absence or state of movement of the transmitter on the PC or portable terminal. The position detection method of the fire brigade member according to claim 1 is used to grasp the situation of the fired person.
[0009]
In the invention of claim 3, a plurality of existing conducting wires or pipes such as a power line, an illumination wiring, a telephone line, a grounding line, a fire hydrant lamp line, and a water pipe are close to each other and within a range where electromagnetic induction of radio waves is possible. In a parallel building, during the communication, radio waves are superimposed on the route from the fire hydrant lamp line to the water outlet for firefighting, or radio waves are superimposed on the route from the outlet line to the water outlet for firefighting. In place of these paths, a coupler connected to the detector is brought close to or in contact with any of the plurality of conductors or pipes, and the radio waves are superimposed using the plurality of conductors or pipes as an electromagnetic induction medium, The position detection method for a fire brigade member according to claim 1 or 2 for transmitting information on the transmitter.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and describes a method for detecting the position of a visitor in a three-story building A. In this building A, a TV camera 1 for crime prevention, a speaker 2 for in-house broadcasting, or a ventilation hole 3 are provided on each floor, and further, a distribution board 4 and a fan coil unit 5 for air conditioning and the like. Are provided on the floor and walls.
[0014]
Inside the existing equipment such as the television camera 1 attached, an antenna 6 described later and a detector 7 (controller) attached to the antenna 6 are provided. The antenna 6 is provided in a three-dimensional manner. The intervals and positions where these antennas 6 are provided may be determined efficiently in consideration of the shape and scale of the building.
[0015]
In this way, after the antenna 6 is attached to the building A in a planar and three-dimensional manner in advance, the card-type RFID (Radio Frequency Identification System, hereinafter the same) is given to people who enter the building A. ) Take the tag 8 with you. These RFID tags 8 are stored with information (name, age, gender, title, department, etc.) of the possessed person. When a person carrying these RFID tags 8 enters the building A, information on the owner of the RFID tag 8 is transmitted to the surroundings by radio waves.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transmitted radio wave is received by the nearest three antennas 6 located beyond the hierarchy of the building A. For example, radio waves transmitted from the RFID tag 8 of the visitor B on the second floor of the building A are antennas attached to the speakers 2 on the second floor, the TV camera 1 on the first floor, and the ventilation holes 3 on the first floor. 6 is received.
[0017]
With the detector 7 connected to each antenna 6, information on the RFID tag 8 due to the strength of each radio wave received is transmitted through an existing conductor line connected to the detector 7, for example, a power line 9. The data is transmitted to a PC (not shown) in a management room (not shown) provided at a position away from the antenna 6 and the detector 7.
[0018]
At this time, a detector 7 for transmitting information of the RFID tag 8 is provided at one location near the power line 9, and an electromagnetic induction coupler (hereinafter, referred to as an electromagnetic induction coupler) is connected via a coupling interface 11 that converts the information of the detector 7 into a signal. This is called a “coupler”) 10. When transmitting information of the RFID tag 8, the coupler 10 is brought into contact with or close to the power line 9. Thereby, the power line 9 becomes an electromagnetic induction medium, and radio waves emitted from the detector 7 are superimposed on the power line 9 and transmitted. In other parts of the power line 9, the current signal is converted to a current signal via a coupler 10 similar to the above and transmitted to a PC or the like.
[0019]
FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the coupling interface 11 connected to the output terminal of the detector 7 and the coupler 10. In this coupler 10, the output end of the coupling interface 11 and the transformer Tr are connected, the coil 10a connected to the primary side of the transformer Tr is wound around the ferrite bar 10b, and the coil 10a is separately wound around the ferrite bar 10b. A tuning circuit is provided by the attached coil 10c and capacitor 10d. In the first embodiment, the existing power line 9 is used as an electromagnetic induction medium and the radio wave is superimposed on the power line 9. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a dedicated line is provided to directly transmit the radio wave from the detector to the PC. A signal may be transmitted.
[0020]
In this way, the information of the RFID tag 8 transmitted to the PC in the management room is on the screen on which the floor plan of each floor of the building A and the position information of the antenna 6 previously input to these PCs are input. Then, the position of the RFID tag 8 is analyzed, and the position of the RFID tag 8 is detected and displayed.
[0021]
Furthermore, in addition to detecting the position in the building A, the position of the RFID tag 8 on the PC is detected a plurality of times for a certain time, so that the presence or absence of movement of the RFID tag 8 on the PC is detected. From this state, it is possible to infer the situation of the person carrying the RFID tag 8 under certain conditions. In other words, if you enter this room on this floor for the purpose of construction work, if this worker seems to repeat a certain simple movement, you will know that you are working, and if there is no movement at all, It is understood that an accident or the like may have occurred.
[0022]
Also, the RFID tag 8 storing the owner's information (name, age, gender, title, department, etc.) is used. If the building A is damaged, the owner of the RFID tag 8 When confined in a room or the like in A, the people who rescue the owner can obtain the specific information described above, which is helpful when performing the rescue.
[0023]
In this building A, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of existing conductors or pipes such as a power line 9, an illumination line 26a, a telephone line 22i, a ground line, a water pipe 32, and an outlet line 33 are arranged in parallel. At the locations where they are provided, they are close to each other and within the range where electromagnetic induction of radio waves is possible.
[0024]
Therefore, the entire lighting wires 26a, telephone wires 22i, ground wires, water pipes 32, outlet lines 33, and other conductive wires or pipes arranged in parallel within the electromagnetic inductive range become induction media, The signal is superimposed by bringing the coupler 10 connected to the detector 7 close to or in contact with one of the conductors or pipes, and the coupler 10 is brought close to any one of these conductors or pipes at a position away from them. Alternatively, the signal can be taken out by contact. Therefore, even if the power line 9 to which the coupler 10 is connected is broken or partially broken in the middle of a disaster or accident, the coupler 10 can be arbitrarily connected to other parts of these conductors or pipes. A signal can be taken out by bringing them into contact or close to each other, and the information of the RFID tag 8 can be transmitted to the PC in the management room.
However, this transmission route is auxiliary.
[0025]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A description will be given of a method for detecting the positions of fire fighters in the high-rise building C shown in FIG. 5 (FIG. 5 shows only the first floor, the top floor, the basement 1, 2, and 3 floors). In high-rise buildings of a certain scale, the water supply port 21a (hereinafter referred to as “fire-fighting water supply port 21a”) of the connected water pipe 21 is provided on the wall surface of a part of the first floor of this high-rise building C in accordance with the Fire Service Law. ing. This fire outlet 21a is intended to supply water for fire extinguishing activities in the building C in the event of a fire in a high-rise building. It is installed so that water can be injected immediately after arrival of firefighters, and the lid is usually tightened.
[0026]
In the fire hydrant box 22, the detector 29 is provided so as to be capable of electromagnetic induction by the fire hydrant lamp line 22h or the outlet line 33 and a coupler (same as the electromagnetic induction coupler 10). The fire hydrant lamp line 22h or the outlet line 33 is provided so as to be capable of electromagnetic induction by a coupler (same as the electromagnetic induction coupler 10) at a position closest to the connected water pipe 21 or the water pipe 32 of the fire outlet 21a. (Not shown).
[0027]
Similarly, fire extinguishing equipment such as indoor fire hydrant equipment and sprinkler equipment is installed on each floor according to its size. 6 and 7 show an indoor fire hydrant box 22, and a fabric hose 24 of the indoor fire hydrant box 22 is connected to a pump or a water pipe for pumping water into an elevated water tank 23 provided on the roof of the building C. ing. The indoor fire hydrant box 22 is divided into an upper part and a lower part. In the center of the upper part, there is provided a fire alarm 22a that notifies the occurrence of a fire by pressing a button, and a fire hydrant lamp 22b that lights after the button is pressed. Each hydrant lamp 22b has a hydrant lamp line 22h (see FIG. 7). Speakers 22c are provided on both sides of the fire alarm 22a and the fire hydrant lamp 22b to notify the occurrence of a fire by sound.
[0028]
An emergency telephone 22d is provided inside the upper portion of the fire hydrant box 22 (see FIG. 7). The front face of the lower part of the fire hydrant box 22 is a door 22f that can be freely opened and closed. Inside, a fabric hose 24 having a length of 20 m and having one end attached to the water intake in the fire hydrant box 22 is wound. (See FIG. 7). Due to the length of the fabric hose 24, the indoor fire hydrant box 22 must be installed within a radius of at least 20 m between other adjacent indoor fire hydrant boxes 22. Further, FIG. 5 shows three of the plurality of indoor fire hydrant boxes 22 installed on the third basement floor.
[0029]
The sprinkler equipment includes a pump (not shown) that pumps water into the elevated water tank 23, a sprinkler pipe 25a, and a sprinkler head 25 that is installed on the ceiling and discharges water. Each sprinkler head 25 is installed at a certain distance. FIG. 5 shows three of them installed on the top floor (illustration on other floors is omitted). A lighting fixture 26 is provided on the ceiling.
[0030]
In the building C in the second embodiment, all floors of the first floor, the top floor, the basement 1, 2, and 3 floors are radio wave blocking locations. In addition, an antenna 28 and a detector 29 for receiving radio waves of an RFID tag 27 carried by a fire brigade, which will be described later, are attached to the back side of a plate 22g provided with a speaker 22c and the like on the upper part of the indoor fire hydrant box 22. Further, an IC in which a drawing describing the layout of the indoor fire hydrant box 22 is stored in a plan view of each floor of the building C in a box provided in the immediate vicinity of the fire-fighting water inlet 21 on the first floor. A chip 30 is attached.
[0031]
And after a fire broke out and the fire brigade arrived at the fire site, fire brigade D (see FIG. 5) quickly went to the water outlet 21a on the first floor to which the IC chip 30 was attached, and from this IC chip 30 Read the data by bringing a PDA (Personal Digital Assistance “Personal Digital Assistance”, not shown) such as a handheld reader / writer that you carry with you, and see the drawing that shows the location of the indoor fire hydrant box on the floor plan of each floor of this building C. To obtain this information.
[0032]
Also, in place of these PDAs, the information of the IC chip 30 is added to a PC (not shown) installed on the pump truck E of the fire brigade, and the floor plan of each floor and the position information of the indoor fire hydrant box 22 are obtained. You can see it on the screen of this PC. And one end of the water supply hose 31 extended from the pump truck E of the fire brigade is attached to this water supply port 21a for fire fighting. The water supply hose 31 has a conductive wire woven therein (not shown) so that the water supply hose 31 becomes an electromagnetic induction medium for communication.
[0033]
When the fire brigade F enters the basement 3 floor of the building B for fire extinguishing, as shown in FIG. 5, the RFID tag 27 carried by the fire brigade F (here, the fire fighting suit worn by the fire brigade F Radio waves emitted from a waterproof RFID tag on the inner side are received by each antenna 28 provided in each indoor fire hydrant box 22 in the nearest three directions, and each radio wave received by each antenna 28 is received. The position information of the RFID tag 27 is superimposed on the fire hydrant lamp line 22h by the coupler (same as the electromagnetic induction coupler 10) through the detector 29 connected to each antenna 28 depending on the strength of the distance. It is transmitted to the water supply port 21a.
[0034]
From the water supply port 21a for fire fighting, it is transmitted to the PC installed on the pump car E through the lead wire of the water supply hose 31. The transmitted information of the RFID tag 27 takes into account the planar structure of each floor of the building C and the position information of each antenna 28 input to the PC using the IC chip 30 in advance, and the RFID in the PC. The position of the tag 27 is analyzed, and the position of the RFID tag 27 is detected and displayed on the PC screen.
[0035]
Further, in this building C, a plurality of existing conductors or pipes such as a power line, an illumination wiring 26a, a fire hydrant lamp line 22h, a telephone line 22i, a sprinkler pipe 25a, a ground line, a water pipe 32, and an outlet line 33 are close to each other. In the building according to the first embodiment described above, the signals can be transmitted and received by arranging the couplers close to or in contact with these conductors or pipes within the range in which radio waves can be electromagnetically guided to each other. Same as A.
[0036]
Therefore, even if the fire hydrant lamp line 22h, which is a communication path, is disconnected or partially disconnected in the middle of the communication path, the information of the RFID tag 27 is stored in the other illumination wirings 26a arranged in parallel within the electromagnetic induction range. The PC of the pump car E through the lead wire of the water supply hose 31 through the lead wire 22i, the ground wire, the water supply pipe 32, the outlet line 33, the sprinkler pipe 25a or the like to the fire-fighting water supply port 21a. Until it is sent. In FIG. 5, the distribution board 34 is connected to the illumination wiring 26a, the outlet line 33, and the like.
[0037]
Furthermore, the presence or absence of the movement of the RFID tag 27 on the PC by watching the movement of the fire brigade F on the third basement floor of the building C over a certain period of time by the PC of the pump car E over a certain period of time. If there is no, it is presumed that the fire brigade F is in need of extinguishing or proceeding in this place.
[0038]
In the above embodiment, the RFID tags 8 and 27 are used as transmitters carried by visitors and fire fighters. However, the transmitters are not limited to RFID tags. In the first embodiment, the antenna is mounted on the TV camera 1, the speaker 2, the ventilation hole 3, the distribution board 4, and the fan coil unit 5 in order to mount the antenna two-dimensionally and three-dimensionally. The antenna for receiving the radio wave is not limited to these. Further, as information on the visitors stored in the RFID tag 8, the name, age, gender, job title, department, etc. are used, but the information on the visitors stored in the RFID tag 8 is not limited to these. Further, the IC chip 30 is provided in a box provided in the immediate vicinity of the fire-extinguishing water supply port 21, but the place where the IC chip 30 is provided is not limited to this, and for example, the cover of the fire-extinguishing water supply port 21a is provided. You may make it adhere to a back surface.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the inventions of claims 1 to 3, antennas are provided at three or more positions on each floor of the building, and a firefighter member entering the corresponding area is allowed to carry a transmitter, and the radio wave emitted from the transmitter is the nearest. The information is received by the antennas provided at the three locations of the above, and the information is analyzed and displayed by the PC in combination with the information such as the planar structure of the building stored in advance in the IC chip. A specific and reliable position can be easily known.
[0040]
Moreover, according to each invention of Claim 1 thru | or 3, since an antenna etc. are attached to the existing fire fighting equipment provided in the building, and it communicates, even if it is an existing building, it is very easy and reliable. An antenna or the like can be attached and can benefit from these inventions. Furthermore, in the fire fighting activities by fire fighters who are involved in human life, the position of fire fighters during the fire fighting activities can be grasped, so the fire fighting activities can be supported from the standpoint of respecting human lives, and it can contribute to more efficient fire fighting activities.
[0041]
According to the invention of claim 3, even if the building is damaged by a disaster or accident, the coupler is used with the entire existing conductors or pipes arranged in parallel within a range where electromagnetic induction is possible as an electromagnetic induction medium. Thus, the information of the transmitter possessed by the fire brigade can be transmitted to a PC such as a management room.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a state seen from a plane showing a state in which a person's position is grasped by an antenna located in the nearest three positions in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the position of a television camera or the like to which an antenna is attached in the building according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an electromagnetic induction coupler according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a plurality of conductors or pipes arranged in parallel within the electromagnetic induction range of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of an indoor fire hydrant box according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a floor provided with an indoor fire hydrant box and sprinkler equipment in a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Building B Visitor A of Building C Building D Fire Fighter E Fire Fighter Pump Car F Fire Fighter 6 Antenna 7 Detector 8 RFID Tag 9 Power Line 10 Coupler 21a Fire Pump 22 Fire hydrant box 22b Fire hydrant lamp 22h Fire hydrant lamp line 27 RFID tag 28 Antenna 29 Detector 30 IC chip

Claims (3)

There is a water outlet for firefighting on the first floor, and there are three or more indoor fire hydrant boxes on each floor that are fed from the water outlet for firefighting through the water pipe for fire hydrant. A fire hydrant lamp line is connected to the indoor fire hydrant box. In buildings that have radio wave blockage on the ground or underground,
At the water outlet for firefighting on the first floor, attach an IC chip that records the floor structure of each floor in the building and the position information of the antenna, attach an antenna and detector to each indoor fire hydrant box at the radio wave blocking location on each floor,
During fire extinguishing, when a fire brigade enters the place where radio waves are blocked in the building, radio waves are transmitted by a transmitter carried by the fire brigade, and the radio waves are installed in each indoor fire hydrant box in the nearest three directions. The transmitter information received by the antenna and connected to each antenna is superimposed on the fire hydrant lamp line or outlet line with the information of the transmitter depending on the strength of each received radio wave. Send the line as an electromagnetic induction medium to the fire outlet,
The transmitted transmitter information is transmitted through a conductor to a PC or portable terminal provided at a location away from the building,
The transmitted transmitter information includes the planar structure of each floor of the building and the position information of the antenna, which are input to the PC or portable terminal in advance using the IC chip, in the PC or portable terminal. A method for detecting the position of a fire brigade, which analyzes the position of a transmitter, detects and displays the position of the transmitter. The position of the transmitter on the PC or portable terminal is detected multiple times, and the status of the person carrying the transmitter is grasped from the presence or absence or state of the transmitter on the PC or portable terminal. The method for detecting the position of a fire brigade member according to claim 1, wherein: In buildings where multiple existing conductors or pipes such as power lines, lighting lines, telephone lines, ground lines, fire hydrant lamp lines, water pipes, etc. ,
During the communication, radio waves are superimposed on the route from the fire hydrant lamp line to the fire outlet, or radio waves are superimposed on the route from the outlet line to the fire outlet, but instead of these routes, A coupler connected to the detector is brought close to or in contact with any of the plurality of conductors or pipes, radio waves are superimposed using the plurality of conductors or pipes as an electromagnetic induction medium, and the transmitter information is transmitted. The method for detecting the position of a fire brigade member according to any one of claims 1 and 2.

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