JP3749746B2 - Homogeneous cellulose acetate - Google Patents
Homogeneous cellulose acetate Download PDFInfo
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- JP3749746B2 JP3749746B2 JP23720895A JP23720895A JP3749746B2 JP 3749746 B2 JP3749746 B2 JP 3749746B2 JP 23720895 A JP23720895 A JP 23720895A JP 23720895 A JP23720895 A JP 23720895A JP 3749746 B2 JP3749746 B2 JP 3749746B2
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- acetylation
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はアセトンなどの有機溶媒への溶解性に優れる酢酸セルロースに関する。パルプ、リンター等のセルロースを原料として得られる酢酸セルロースはフィルム、繊維などに適した有用な化学品である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
平均酢化度55%程度の酢酸セルロースはアセトンなどの有機溶媒に溶解した後、流延、乾式紡糸するなどして、フィルム材料や繊維材料に成形される。木材パルプから調製した一般の酢酸セルロースのアセトン溶液には通常3〜7重量%もの不溶物が存在しており、これらはフィルム成形品のフィッシュアイや紡糸時の紡糸性低下の原因となることが懸念されている。例えば、特開昭50−36724にはアセトンを溶媒とした乾式紡糸による繊維の製造において、アセトンを溶媒とするGPCで未溶解物として検出される成分が紡糸性を損なわしているとして、これらを除去する方法が開示されている。しかし、このような先行技術をもってしても、なお酢酸セルロースの溶液には数%の不溶物が存在することが問題視されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
酢酸セルロースをアセトンなどの有機溶媒に溶解し成形するプロセスにおいて、溶解性に優れ不溶物の少ない酢酸セルロースを提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
酢酸セルロースは水酸基が部分的あるいは完全にアセチル化されたグルコース残基を構成単位とする高分子化合物である。従来より衣料用の繊維、たばこフィルターなどの繊維材料や、めがねフレームなどの成形品として利用されている平均酢化度が55%程度(平均置換度2.45程度)の酢酸セルロースでは、それを構成する個々の分子に注目すると、平均酢化度55%を中心に酢化度の分布、いいかえると化学的不均一性を有している。本発明者らは、鋭意検討の結果、高酢化度の成分と低酢化度の成分はアセトン等の溶液中で各々および共に会合物を形成し、溶解性を損ねており、逆に化学的均一性の高い酢酸セルロースが溶解性に優れることを見い出し本発明を完成した。
【0005】
上述した酢酸セルロースの化学的均一性は、例えばJournal of Chromatography, 629, 243-254(1993) に記載されている高速液体クロマトグラフィーを用いる方法で調べることができる。該分析方法においては溶出曲線幅が広いことは化学的に不均一なことを表わし、狭いことは化学的均一性が高いことを意味する。
【0006】
本発明の酢酸セルロースは、一般的に木材パルプから調製した成形材料の原料として用いる平均酢化度53〜57%、粘度平均重合度200〜600、構成糖に占めるキシロースの割合が0.2〜2.0%、構成糖に占めるマンノースの割合が0.2〜2.0%の試料を対象とした場合、溶出曲線の半値幅が酢化度を単位として2.3%以下さらに望ましくは2.1%以下であることが好ましい。酢化度分布半値幅が2.3%よりも広い酢酸セルロースにおいては、アセトン不溶物が多量に形成されることになる。
【0007】
粘度平均重合度が600以上で、且つ実用に耐える濾過性を有する酢酸セルロースを得ることは難しい。また200以下のものを製造することは容易ではあるが、このような重合度では多くの場合、実用物性が不十分である。酢化度については、本発明がいわゆる二酢酸セルロース(平均酢化度55%付近)を対象としたものであり、平均酢化度が53〜57%の範囲外では本発明の価値はなくなる(例えば三酢酸セルロースにおいては、置換度の分布のないものを調製することは容易である)。
【0008】
構成糖に占めるキシロース又はマンノースの割合が0.2%未満の場合、本発明に依るまでもなく、溶解性に優れ不溶物の少ない酢酸セルロースを得ることは容易である場合が多く、キシロース又はマンノースの割合が2.0%を越える場合、キシロース又はマンノースに起因する不溶物を多量に含むため、本発明の効果が隠されてしまう。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らが採用した高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析条件を示す。
【0010】
高速液体クロマトグラフィー条件
溶離液:アセトン/ 水/ メタノール(4/3/1、容量比)から15分間を要して、アセトンへグラジェント
カラム:ハミルトン社製PRP−1(4.1×150mm)
温度:35℃
流速:0.8ml/min
試料溶液:0.2%アセトン溶液
注入量:10μl
検出器:VAREX社MK111
(エバポレイティブ・チューブ温度105℃,
窒素流量2.4l/min)
該分析において、化学的均一性は溶出曲線の半値幅で定義することができる。すなわち、あらかじめ平均酢化度50%、52%、55%、60%程度の酢酸セルロースを用い溶出ピーク時間対平均酢化度の関係について、時間に関する2次関数で検量線を作成する。調べる試料の溶出曲線から、ピーク高さに対して1/2の高さを与える2点の溶出時間をもとめ、検量線から2点の溶出時間に相当する酢化度を算出する。得られた酢化度の差の絶対値を酢化度分布半値幅とする。
【0011】
化学的均一性の高い酢酸セルロースは例えば次のような方法で調製することができる。
【0012】
▲1▼化学的均一性の低い一般の酢酸セルロースを精製する方法。
一般の酢酸セルロースを、高酢化度成分、低酢化度成分に各々に選択性がある溶媒系で沈澱分別あるいは溶解分別を行う。高酢化度成分に対する選択溶解性が高い溶媒としては、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルムなどが例示される。低酢化度成分に対する選択溶解性が高い溶媒としては、アセトン/ メタノール(2/8、重量比)などが例示される。前述したように不溶物の形成には高酢化度成分、低酢化度成分の両方が関係するため、十分に溶解する酢酸セルロースを調製するには両成分を除去することが重要である。
【0013】
▲2▼酢酸セルロースのアセチル化反応において、反応の均一性を高める方法。
アセチル化反応において触媒量を増加させるなどして、アセチル化反応を均一に進める。
【0014】
▲3▼酢酸セルロースの熟成反応において、反応の均一性を高める方法。
熟成反応において反応温度を高めるなどして、脱アセチル化反応を均一に進める。
【0015】
▲4▼酢酸セルロースを合成する製造プロセスにおいて、反応物の滞留などをなくし、生成物の均一性を高める方法。
本発明の化学的均一性が高い酢酸セルロースを得る目的では、前記の方法を二つ以上組合わせてもよい。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0017】
(平均酢化度)
乾燥した試料1.9000gを精秤しこれをW(g)とする。120mlのアセトンと70mlのジメチルスルフォキシドを精秤した試料にくわえ、溶解する。30mlの1N−NaOHをくわえ、撹拌しながら、室温で2時間ケン化する。100mlの熱水をくわえ、さらに15分間撹拌する。フェノールフタレインを指示薬としてくわえ、1N−硫酸で滴定し、使用量を0.01mlの精度で読み取り、これをA(ml)とする。同様にブランクテストを行い、このときの1N−硫酸の使用量をB(ml)とする。用いた1N−硫酸のファクターをfとして、次の式から平均酢化度を求める。
平均酢化度(%)=6.005×(B−A)×f/W
【0018】
(粘度平均重合度)
100ml容メスフラスコに乾燥した試料0.5000gを精秤し、これをC(g)とする。約70mlのアセトンを加え試料を溶解させた後、25℃に温調し、アセトンで全容を100mlに合わせる。その10mlをオストワルド粘度管にとり、25℃で標線間を流下する時間を0.01秒の精度で測定しこれをt(秒)とする。同様にブランクテストを行いこのときの流下時間をt0 (秒)とする。次の式から平均重合度を求める。
粘度平均重合度=169.93×[η] 1 . 6 2 3
ここに、 [ η]=(ηsp/C)/(1+k×ηsp)
ηsp=t/t 0 −1
k=0.366
【0019】
(酢化度分布半値幅)
試料の0.2%アセトン溶液を調製し、以下の条件で高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析を行う。
高速液体クロマトグラフィー条件
溶離液:アセトン / 水 / メタノール(4/3/1、容量比)から15分間を要して、アセトンへグラジェント
カラム:ハミルトン社製PRP−1(4.1×150mm)
温度:35℃
流速:0.8ml/min
試料溶液:0.2%アセトン溶液
注入量:10μl
検出器:VAREX社MK111(エバポレイティブ・チューブ温度105℃ , 窒素流量2.4l/min)
【0020】
平均酢化度50%、52%、55%、60%程度の酢酸セルロースを用い溶出ピーク時間対平均酢化度の関係について、時間に関する2次関数で検量線を作成する。調べる試料の溶出曲線から、ピーク高さに対して1/2の高さを与える2点の溶出時間をもとめ、検量線から2点の溶出時間に相当する酢化度を算出する。得られた酢化度の差の絶対値を酢化度分布半値幅とする。
【0021】
(アセトン不溶物)試料の2%アセトン溶液を調製し、15℃で50,000rpm−3時間の条件で遠心分離を行う。沈澱物は乾燥後、再びアセトンに分散し、同じ条件で遠心分離を行う。得られた沈澱物は恒量になるまで真空乾燥し、秤量する。遠心分離に供した試料量に対する沈澱物の割合を百分率で表わし、これをアセトン不溶物量とする。
【0022】
(構成糖)試料を72%硫酸で室温−4時間、次いで6%硫酸で110℃−3時間の条件で加水分解した生成物について、ダイオネクス社の糖分析システムで液体クロマトグラフィー分析し、グルコース、キシロース、マンノースを定量し、これら成分の総量に対する、各成分の割合を算出した。
【0023】
【実施例1】
αセルロース含量96%の針葉樹サルファイトパルプを酢酸/無水酢酸/硫酸を用いる公知の方法でアセチル化した後、酢酸/水系で160℃で熟成し、酢酸セルロースを調製した。得られた酢酸セルロースは、アセトン/メタノール(2/8、重量比)で抽出し4%の低酢化度成分を除去した後、クロロホルムで抽出し3%の高酢化度成分を除去した。精製後の酢酸セルロースの平均酢化度は55.5%、平均重合度は360、キシロースは0.3%、マンノースは0.7%で酢化度分布半値幅は2.02%であった。アセトン不溶物量を表1に示す。
【0024】
【実施例2】
αセルロース含量94%の針葉樹サルファイトパルプを酢酸/無水酢酸/硫酸を用いる公知の方法でアセチル化した後、酢酸/水系で150℃で熟成し、酢酸セルロースを調製した。得られた酢酸セルロースは、アセトン/メタノール(2/8、重量比)で抽出し2%の低酢化度成分を除去した後、クロロホルムで抽出し5%の高酢化度成分を除去した。精製後の酢酸セルロースの平均酢化度は55.1%、平均重合度は380、キシロースは0.5%、マンノースは0.8%で酢化度分布半値幅は2.15%であった。アセトン不溶物量を表1に示す。
【0025】
【比較例1】
αセルロース含量96%の針葉樹サルファイトパルプを酢酸/無水酢酸/硫酸を用いる公知の方法でアセチル化した後、酢酸/水/硫酸系で80℃で熟成し、酢酸セルロースを調製した。得られた酢酸セルロースは、ジクロロメタンで抽出し、4%の高酢化度成分を除去した。精製後の酢酸セルロースの平均酢化度は55.0%、平均重合度は380、キシロースは1.0%、マンノースは1.0%、酢化度分布半値幅は2.45%であった。アセトン不溶物量を表1に示す。
【0026】
【比較例2】
αセルロース含量96%の針葉樹サルファイトパルプを酢酸/無水酢酸/硫酸を用いる公知の方法でアセチル化した後、酢酸/水/硫酸系で80℃で熟成し、酢酸セルロースを調製した。得られた酢酸セルロースの平均酢化度は54.9%、平均重合度は370、キシロースは0.9%、マンノースは0.9%、酢化度分布半値幅は2.60%であった。アセトン不溶物量を表1に示す。
【0027】
【表1】
【0028】
【発明の効果】
酢酸セルロースをアセトンなどの有機溶媒に溶解し、フィルム、繊維などの成形品製造するプロセスにおいて、従来よりも不溶物の少ない溶液を提供する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cellulose acetate having excellent solubility in organic solvents such as acetone. Cellulose acetate obtained from cellulose such as pulp and linter is a useful chemical suitable for films and fibers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Cellulose acetate having an average acetylation degree of about 55% is dissolved in an organic solvent such as acetone, and then cast into a film material or a fiber material by casting or dry spinning. In general, acetone solution of cellulose acetate prepared from wood pulp contains 3 to 7% by weight of insoluble matter, which may cause fish eyes of film molded products and decrease in spinnability during spinning. There are concerns. For example, in JP-A-50-36724, in the production of fibers by dry spinning using acetone as a solvent, components detected as undissolved substances by GPC using acetone as a solvent impair spinnability. A method of removing is disclosed. However, even with such a prior art, it is still regarded as a problem that a cellulose acetate solution contains several percent insoluble matter.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide cellulose acetate having excellent solubility and low insoluble matter in a process of forming cellulose acetate in an organic solvent such as acetone.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Cellulose acetate is a high molecular compound having a glucose residue in which a hydroxyl group is partially or completely acetylated as a structural unit. Cellulose acetate with an average degree of acetylation of about 55% (average substitution degree of about 2.45) that has been used as a textile material for clothing, cigarette filters, and other molded articles such as eyeglass frames has been When attention is paid to the individual molecules constituting it, it has a distribution of acetylation degree centered on an average acetylation degree of 55%, in other words, chemical non-uniformity. As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the components with high acetylation and the components with low acetylation each form an association with each other in a solution such as acetone, and the solubility is impaired. The present invention was completed by finding that cellulose acetate having high homogeneity was excellent in solubility.
[0005]
The chemical homogeneity of cellulose acetate described above can be examined by a method using high performance liquid chromatography described in Journal of Chromatography, 629, 243-254 (1993), for example. In the analytical method, a wide elution curve width indicates that the chemical is nonuniform, and a narrow width means that the chemical uniformity is high.
[0006]
The cellulose acetate of the present invention generally has an average degree of acetylation of 53 to 57%, a viscosity average degree of polymerization of 200 to 600, and a proportion of xylose in the constituent sugars used as a raw material for molding materials prepared from wood pulp. When the sample is 2.0% and the ratio of mannose in the constituent sugars is 0.2 to 2.0%, the half-value width of the elution curve is 2.3% or less in units of acetylation level. It is preferably 1% or less. In cellulose acetate having an acetylation degree distribution half-width greater than 2.3%, a large amount of acetone insoluble matter is formed.
[0007]
It is difficult to obtain cellulose acetate having a viscosity average polymerization degree of 600 or more and having filterability that can withstand practical use. Moreover, although it is easy to manufacture a 200 or less thing, practical physical property is inadequate in such a degree of polymerization in many cases. Regarding the degree of acetylation, the present invention targets so-called cellulose diacetate (average acetylation degree of about 55%), and the value of the present invention is lost when the average acetylation degree is outside the range of 53 to 57% ( For example, in cellulose triacetate, it is easy to prepare one having no distribution of substitution degree).
[0008]
When the proportion of xylose or mannose in the constituent sugars is less than 0.2%, it is often easy to obtain cellulose acetate having excellent solubility and low insoluble matter, not depending on the present invention, and xylose or mannose. If the ratio exceeds 2.0%, a large amount of insoluble matter caused by xylose or mannose is contained, so the effect of the present invention is hidden.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The high performance liquid chromatography analysis conditions employed by the present inventors are shown.
[0010]
High-performance liquid chromatography conditions Eluent: Acetone / water / methanol (4/3/1, volume ratio) required 15 minutes to acetone Gradient column: Hamilton PRP-1 (4.1 × 150 mm)
Temperature: 35 ° C
Flow rate: 0.8ml / min
Sample solution: 0.2% acetone solution Injection amount: 10 μl
Detector: VAREX MK111
(Evaporative tube temperature 105 ° C,
(Nitrogen flow rate 2.4 l / min)
In the analysis, chemical homogeneity can be defined by the half width of the elution curve. That is, using a cellulose acetate having an average degree of acetylation of about 50%, 52%, 55%, and 60%, a calibration curve is created with a quadratic function related to time for the relationship between the elution peak time and the average degree of acetylation. From the elution curve of the sample to be examined, two elution times giving 1/2 height with respect to the peak height are obtained, and the degree of acetylation corresponding to the two elution times is calculated from the calibration curve. The absolute value of the difference in the degree of acetylation obtained is defined as the half-value width of the acetylation degree distribution.
[0011]
Cellulose acetate with high chemical uniformity can be prepared, for example, by the following method.
[0012]
(1) A method for purifying general cellulose acetate having low chemical uniformity.
General cellulose acetate is subjected to precipitation fractionation or dissolution fractionation in a solvent system having selectivity for each of a high acetylation component and a low acetylation component. Examples of the solvent having high selective solubility for the high acetylation component include dichloromethane and chloroform. Examples of the solvent having high selective solubility with respect to the low acetylation component include acetone / methanol (2/8, weight ratio). As described above, since both the high acetylation component and the low acetylation component are involved in the formation of the insoluble matter, it is important to remove both components in order to prepare sufficiently dissolved cellulose acetate.
[0013]
(2) A method for enhancing the uniformity of the reaction in the acetylation reaction of cellulose acetate.
The acetylation reaction is uniformly advanced by increasing the amount of catalyst in the acetylation reaction.
[0014]
(3) A method for enhancing the uniformity of the reaction in the ripening reaction of cellulose acetate.
In the ripening reaction, the deacetylation reaction is uniformly advanced by increasing the reaction temperature.
[0015]
(4) A method for improving the uniformity of the product by eliminating the retention of reactants in the production process for synthesizing cellulose acetate.
For the purpose of obtaining cellulose acetate having high chemical uniformity according to the present invention, two or more of the above methods may be combined.
[0016]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0017]
(Average acetylation degree)
Weigh precisely 1.9000 g of the dried sample and let this be W (g) . Add 120 ml of acetone and 70 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide to a precisely weighed sample and dissolve. Add 30 ml of 1N NaOH and saponify for 2 hours at room temperature with stirring. Add 100 ml of hot water and stir for another 15 minutes. Phenolphthalein is added as an indicator, titrated with 1N-sulfuric acid, the amount used is read with an accuracy of 0.01 ml, and this is designated as A (ml) . Similarly, a blank test is performed, and the amount of 1N-sulfuric acid used is B (ml) . The factor of 1N-sulfuric acid used is f, and the average degree of acetylation is obtained from the following formula.
Average degree of acetylation (%) = 6.005 × (BA) × f / W
[0018]
(Viscosity average degree of polymerization)
In a 100 ml volumetric flask, 0.5000 g of the dried sample is precisely weighed, and this is defined as C (g) . About 70 ml of acetone is added to dissolve the sample, and then the temperature is adjusted to 25 ° C., and the whole volume is adjusted to 100 ml with acetone. Take 10 ml of the solution in an Ostwald viscosity tube, measure the time to flow between the marked lines at 25 ° C. with an accuracy of 0.01 seconds, and set this to t (seconds) . Similarly, a blank test is performed, and the flow time at this time is t 0 (seconds) . The average degree of polymerization is determined from the following formula.
Viscosity average degree of polymerization = 169.93 × [η] 1.6 2 3
Where [ η] = (ηsp / C) / (1 + k × ηsp)
ηsp = t / t 0 -1
k = 0.366
[0019]
(Half width of acetylation distribution)
A 0.2% acetone solution of the sample is prepared, and high performance liquid chromatography analysis is performed under the following conditions.
High performance liquid chromatography conditions
Eluent: acetone / water / methanol (4/3/1, volume ratio) takes 15 minutes to gradient to acetone
Column: PRP-1 (4.1 × 150 mm) manufactured by Hamilton
Temperature: 35 ° C
Flow rate: 0.8ml / min
Sample solution: 0.2% acetone solution
Injection volume: 10 μl
Detector: VAREX MK111 (evaporative tube temperature 105 ° C. , nitrogen flow rate 2.4 l / min)
[0020]
Using cellulose acetate having an average degree of acetylation of about 50% , 52%, 55%, and 60%, a calibration curve is created with a quadratic function related to time for the relationship between the elution peak time and the average degree of acetylation. From the elution curve of the sample to be examined, two elution times giving 1/2 height with respect to the peak height are obtained, and the degree of acetylation corresponding to the two elution times is calculated from the calibration curve. The absolute value of the difference in the degree of acetylation obtained is defined as the half-value width of the acetylation degree distribution.
[0021]
(Acetone insoluble matter) A 2% acetone solution of the sample is prepared and centrifuged at 15 ° C. under the condition of 50,000 rpm-3 hours. The precipitate is dried, dispersed again in acetone, and centrifuged under the same conditions. The obtained precipitate is vacuum-dried to a constant weight and weighed. The ratio of the precipitate to the amount of sample subjected to centrifugation is expressed as a percentage, and this is defined as the amount of acetone insoluble matter.
[0022]
(Constituent sugar) A product obtained by hydrolyzing a sample with 72% sulfuric acid at room temperature for 4 hours and then with 6% sulfuric acid at 110 ° C. for 3 hours was subjected to liquid chromatography analysis with a Dionex sugar analysis system. Xylose and mannose were quantified, and the ratio of each component to the total amount of these components was calculated.
[0023]
[Example 1]
A conifer sulfite pulp having an α-cellulose content of 96% was acetylated by a known method using acetic acid / acetic anhydride / sulfuric acid, and then aged in an acetic acid / water system at 160 ° C. to prepare cellulose acetate. The obtained cellulose acetate was extracted with acetone / methanol (2/8, weight ratio) to remove 4% low acetylation component, and then extracted with chloroform to remove 3% high acetylation component. The average degree of acetylation of the purified cellulose acetate was 55.5%, the average degree of polymerization was 360, xylose was 0.3%, mannose was 0.7%, and the half-value width of the acetylation degree distribution was 2.02%. . Table 1 shows the amount of acetone insoluble matter.
[0024]
[Example 2]
Conifer sulfite pulp having an α-cellulose content of 94% was acetylated by a known method using acetic acid / acetic anhydride / sulfuric acid, and then aged in an acetic acid / water system at 150 ° C. to prepare cellulose acetate. The obtained cellulose acetate was extracted with acetone / methanol (2/8, weight ratio) to remove 2% low acetylation component and then extracted with chloroform to remove 5% high acetylation component. The average degree of acetylation of the purified cellulose acetate was 55.1%, the average degree of polymerization was 380, xylose was 0.5%, mannose was 0.8%, and the half-value width of the acetylation degree distribution was 2.15%. . Table 1 shows the amount of acetone insoluble matter.
[0025]
[Comparative Example 1]
A coniferous sulfite pulp having an α-cellulose content of 96% was acetylated by a known method using acetic acid / acetic anhydride / sulfuric acid and then aged in an acetic acid / water / sulfuric acid system at 80 ° C. to prepare cellulose acetate. The obtained cellulose acetate was extracted with dichloromethane to remove a 4% highly acetylated component. The average degree of acetylation of the purified cellulose acetate was 55.0%, the average degree of polymerization was 380, xylose was 1.0%, mannose was 1.0%, and the half-value width of acetylation degree distribution was 2.45%. . Table 1 shows the amount of acetone insoluble matter.
[0026]
[Comparative Example 2]
A coniferous sulfite pulp having an α-cellulose content of 96% was acetylated by a known method using acetic acid / acetic anhydride / sulfuric acid and then aged in an acetic acid / water / sulfuric acid system at 80 ° C. to prepare cellulose acetate. The average degree of acetylation of the obtained cellulose acetate was 54.9%, the average degree of polymerization was 370, xylose was 0.9%, mannose was 0.9%, and the half-value width of acetylation degree distribution was 2.60%. . Table 1 shows the amount of acetone insoluble matter.
[0027]
[Table 1]
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
Dissolving cellulose acetate in an organic solvent such as acetone to provide a solution with fewer insolubles than in conventional processes for producing molded articles such as films and fibers.
Claims (2)
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JP23720895A JP3749746B2 (en) | 1995-09-14 | 1995-09-14 | Homogeneous cellulose acetate |
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JP23720895A JP3749746B2 (en) | 1995-09-14 | 1995-09-14 | Homogeneous cellulose acetate |
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JP3749746B2 true JP3749746B2 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
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