JP3740353B2 - Permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 11 is a radial cross-sectional view showing a conventional permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine having a four-pole configuration.
[0003]
In FIG. 11, the stator 1 has an armature coil 2, and a rotor 3 is provided inside thereof. The rotor 3 includes a (rotor) iron core 4 and a permanent magnet 6, and the rotor iron core 4 has a laminated structure of electromagnetic steel plates, and an easy magnetization direction and a hard magnetization direction in a circumferential direction around the rotation axis. The directions are alternately formed.
[0004]
In the rotor 3, eight permanent magnet embedded holes 5 are formed in the iron core 4 along the easy magnetization direction in order to form magnetic irregularities on the outer peripheral surface, and the permanent magnet 6 is disposed in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5. And is fixed by an adhesive.
[0005]
The eight permanent magnets 6 are arranged and configured in a cross shape in the radial direction from the center of rotation to form four convex poles, that is, magnetic pole portions 4a (four poles).
[0006]
In FIG. 11, a nonmagnetic portion 8 formed of a hollow portion is provided in the middle of the permanent magnet 6 having the convex poles, that is, the iron core 4 between the two convex poles, and an intermagnetic pole 4 b is formed. That is, the portion sandwiched between the permanent magnets 6 located on both sides of the nonmagnetic portion 8 is magnetically recessed, and the permanent magnet 6 in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 cancels the magnetic flux of the armature current passing between the magnetic poles 4b. So that it is magnetized. The pair of permanent magnets 6, 6 located on both sides of the magnetic pole part 4 a has the same magnetization direction in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3, and the pair of permanent magnets 6, 6 located on both sides of the gap 4 b. On the contrary, the magnetization directions are opposite to each other in the circumferential direction. The permanent magnet 6 is preferably a magnetic pole.
Magnetized in a direction substantially perpendicular to the (convex pole) axis.
[0007]
Next, the operation of the conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine having the above configuration will be described.
[0008]
FIG. 12 shows the magnetic flux φd of the component along the magnetic pole axis of the iron core 4 due to the armature current of the d-axis (so-called magnetic flux passage portion), and the magnetic flux φd causes the iron core 4 of the magnetic pole portion 4a to be magnetized. Therefore, the magnetic path in this direction has a very small magnetic resistance, and the magnetic flux easily passes therethrough.
[0009]
FIG. 13 shows the magnetic flux φq of the component in the direction along the line connecting the center of the magnetic pole 4b and the center of the rotor 3 due to the armature current of the q axis (so-called magnetic flux difficult part). φq forms a magnetic path crossing the nonmagnetic portion 8 of the permanent magnet 6 and the magnetic pole 4b. Therefore, the relative magnetic permeability of the nonmagnetic portion 8 formed of the hollow portion is “1”, and the relative magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet 6 is also almost “1”. Therefore, the magnetic flux φq due to the armature current is reduced due to the high magnetic resistance. .
[0010]
As described above, the permanent magnets 6 and 6 positioned on both sides of the magnetic pole portion 4a are magnetized in a direction substantially perpendicular to the magnetic pole axis, so that they are generated in the permanent magnets 6 and 6 as shown in FIG. The magnetic flux flows in the circumferential direction in the magnetic part 7 in the outer peripheral region of the iron core 4, and forms a magnetic circuit φma that passes through the magnetic pole part 4a and returns to the opposite pole. At this time, a part of the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6, 6 passes through the stator 1 through a gap (so-called air gap portion between the stator 1 and the rotor 3), and the permanent magnet 6 and the rotor adjacent to each other. The magnetic circuit φmb that passes through the three magnetic pole portions 4a and returns to the original permanent magnet 6 is also formed.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 13, the interlinkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 is distributed in the direction opposite to the magnetic flux φq of the central axis direction component of the magnetic pole 4b due to the q-axis armature current, and enters the magnetic pole 4b. They repel each other and cancel each other.
[0012]
Therefore, in the air gap portion outside the magnetic pole portion 4b, the magnetic flux density of the air gap created by the armature current is reduced by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6, and a large change compared to the air gap magnetic flux density on the magnetic pole portion 4a. Presents (difference). As a result, a change in the air gap magnetic flux density with respect to the position of the rotor 3, that is, a large change in magnetic energy is obtained.
[0013]
Further, even when a load is applied, the magnetic portion 7 is magnetically short-circuited in the boundary region between the magnetic pole portion 4a and the inter-magnetic pole 4b, and the magnetic portion 7 is largely magnetically saturated by the load current. As a result, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 distributed between the magnetic poles 4b is increased, and the air gap magnetic flux density distribution, that is, the change in magnetic energy is caused by the high magnetic resistance in the nonmagnetic portion 8 and the permanent magnet 6 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6. Large irregularities are formed, and a large output is derived from the rotating electrical machine.
[0014]
In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine, the permanent magnets 6 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3, so that the permanent magnets 6 extend almost all around the outer circumferential direction of the rotor 3. The surface area of the permanent magnet 6 itself is small and the amount of interlinkage magnetic flux by the permanent magnet 6 is small as compared with a so-called general permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine in which the magnet is disposed.
[0015]
In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine, most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 in the non-excited state becomes leakage magnetic flux in the rotor core 4 that passes through the magnetic part 7. Therefore, in this state, the induced voltage can be made extremely small, so that the iron loss at the time of no excitation is reduced. Further, the overcurrent that flows when the armature coil 2 is short-circuited is also small.
[0016]
In addition, the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine has a terminal voltage in which the interlinkage magnetic flux by the armature current (excitation current component and torque current component of the reluctance type rotating electrical machine) is added to the interlinkage magnetic flux by the permanent magnet 6 at the time of load. To induce.
[0017]
On the other hand, in a general permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, it is difficult to adjust the terminal voltage because the interlinkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 occupies most of the terminal voltage, but the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine is Since the interlinkage magnetic flux by the permanent magnet 6 is small, the terminal voltage can be widely adjusted by widely adjusting the excitation current component.
[0018]
That is, the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine can adjust the excitation current component so that the voltage is equal to or lower than the power supply voltage according to the rotation speed, and can perform a wide range of variable speed operation from the base speed at a constant voltage. . In addition, since the field is weakened by forcible control and the voltage is not suppressed, no overvoltage is generated even if the control does not operate during high-speed rotation.
[0019]
Furthermore, since the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine has a structure in which the permanent magnet 6 is embedded in the rotor core 4, the iron core 4 itself of the electromagnetic steel sheet having a laminated structure serves as a holding mechanism for the permanent magnet 6, and rotates. The scattering of the permanent magnet 6 due to the centrifugal force is prevented.
[0020]
Further, in the conventional permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine, the magnetic flux φq due to the q-axis current to the rotor 3 formed by the armature current shown in FIG. 13 is embedded in the permanent magnet embedded hole as shown in FIG. 5 and the bridge thin portion 19 near the rotation center axis of the magnetic pole 4b, the difference between the magnetic flux φd caused by the d-axis current and the magnetic flux φq caused by the q-axis current is reduced, and the reluctance torque is reduced. To do.
[0021]
Therefore, the magnetic flux φq caused by the q-axis current that is invalid for the rotational torque reduces the ineffective magnetic flux that flows from the outer peripheral side of the nonmagnetic portion 8 to the outer peripheral thin portion 18 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 and the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet 6. In order to reduce the leakage (permanent magnet invalid magnetic flux 17), it is conceivable that the periphery of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 of the iron core 4 and the outer peripheral side of the inter-magnetic pole 4b are made as narrow as possible in the radial direction.
[0022]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine described above, when the periphery of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 and the outer peripheral side of the magnetic pole 4b are narrowed in the radial direction, the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet 6 itself due to the rotation is strengthened in the rotor. It becomes difficult to support with the iron core 4, and particularly when applied to a high-speed rotating machine, the permanent magnet 6 scatters and the rotor 3 is damaged, making it difficult to establish a rotating electric machine.
[0023]
Further, in the conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine, it is conceivable to increase the amount of the permanent magnet 6 in order to compensate for the magnetic fluxes of the reactive magnetic flux and the leakage magnetic flux and secure the effective magnetic flux necessary for the characteristics. This is a structural problem and a strength problem because the ratio of the volume occupied by the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 to the total volume of the child 3 is increased, and the stress of the permanent magnet 6 due to the centrifugal force is further increased. In addition, it is difficult to increase the amount of the permanent magnet 6.
[0024]
Conventionally, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 by an adhesive. However, the adhesive strength is reduced due to deterioration of the adhesive and the like, and the permanent magnet 6 may fall off in the permanent magnet embedding hole 5. The permanent magnet 6 dropped out in the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 presses the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5, that is, the wall farther from the rotation axis by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the rotor 3. This leads to an increase in stress on the outer peripheral side thin portion 18 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 supporting the outer peripheral side of the magnetic pole 4b and the central bridge thin portion 19 of the inter magnetic pole 4b.
[0025]
Therefore, when the rotor having the above-described configuration is applied to a high-speed rotating and high-output rotating electric machine, the outer peripheral side thin portion 18 and the central bridge thin portion 19 are damaged by the increased centrifugal force, and the permanent magnet 6 is scattered. There is a concern about the rotor 3 being damaged.
[0026]
Further, since the shape of the permanent magnet 6 in the conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine is isotropic with respect to the magnetization direction and has no directionality, the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6 can be identified visually. Therefore, there is a possibility that the worker may insert the permanent magnet 6 in the wrong direction when the rotor 3 is assembled.
[0027]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stator having an armature coil and a permanent magnet embedded in an iron core so as to cancel the magnetic flux of the armature which is inside the stator and passes between adjacent magnetic poles. In a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine having a rotor provided with a nonmagnetic portion on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet between the magnetic poles and having magnetic irregularities formed in the circumferential direction, the permanent magnet It is characterized in that it is fixed to the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole on the opposite side to the non-magnetic portion and substantially perpendicular to the magnetization direction, and a gap is provided between the wall surface on the non-magnetic portion side.
[0028]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the first aspect, the permanent magnet is fixed to the wall surface of the embedded hole by the magnetic attractive force of the permanent magnet.
[0029]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the second aspect, the permanent magnet has a magnetic attraction force between the end portions in the magnetization direction and the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedded hole. There is a difference, and one of the end faces is always fixed to the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole.
[0030]
As described above, according to each of the first to third aspects of the present invention, the permanent magnet is fixed to the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole on the side opposite to the nonmagnetic portion, and the permanent magnet is centrifuged as the rotor rotates. Since no force is applied to the structurally weak non-magnetic part, it is possible to avoid damage to the rotor and scattering of the permanent magnet to the outside.
[0031]
The invention according to claim 4 or 5 is the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein the permanent magnet is either one surface of both ends in the magnetization direction facing the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedded hole. Or a step is provided on any one of the wall surfaces of the permanent magnet embedding holes respectively opposed to both ends in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet, and a difference is provided in the magnetic attractive force at both ends of the permanent magnet. To do.
[0032]
Thus, according to the invention described in claim 4 or 5, since the step is formed to provide a difference in the magnetic attractive force, the rotor is damaged or permanently formed as in the operation of the invention described in claim 3. Spattering to the outside of the magnet can be avoided.
[0033]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the third aspect of the present invention, the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedded hole is located between the permanent magnet embedded hole wall surface in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet. The magnetic member which provided the level | step difference in the side which faces is interposed.
[0034]
Thus, according to the invention described in claim 6, since the magnetic member is interposed, in addition to the operation of the invention described in claim 3, the permanent magnet is more firmly fixed.
[0035]
The invention according to claim 7 or 8 is the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein an elastic member such as a spring is provided between the permanent magnet embedded hole wall surface in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet. A feature is that an elastic portion is formed by notching or cutting and raising the iron core between the member interposition or the permanent magnet embedded hole and the non-magnetic portion to press the permanent magnet.
[0036]
Thus, according to the invention described in claim 7 or 8, in addition to the action of the invention described in claim 1, the permanent magnet is more firmly fixed by the configuration of the elastic member or the elastic portion.
[0037]
According to a ninth or tenth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, the inner diameter dimension of the rotor iron core is 25 of the outer dimension of the iron core. The inner diameter dimension of the iron core is set so as to minimize the stress value of the iron core accompanying the rotation of the rotor in the range of% to 55%.
[0038]
Thus, in the invention according to claim 9 or 10, the inner diameter dimension of the rotor core is in the range of 25% to 55% of the outer dimension of the iron core, or the stress value of the iron core accompanying the rotation of the rotor is minimized. The inner diameter dimension of the iron core is set so that the stress is reduced with the rotation of the rotor itself, so that in addition to the effects of the inventions of claims 1 to 8, more mechanically strong rotation Can provide a child.
[0039]
According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stator having an armature coil, and a permanent magnet embedded in the iron core so as to cancel the magnetic flux of the armature passing through between the adjacent magnetic poles inside the stator. In a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine having a rotor provided with a nonmagnetic portion on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet between the magnetic poles and having magnetic irregularities formed in the circumferential direction, the permanent magnet is The area of the surface substantially perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is configured to change along the magnetization direction.
[0040]
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine according to the eleventh aspect, the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedded hole is deformed so as to lock one end portion in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet. It is characterized by that.
[0041]
As described above, according to the inventions of the eleventh and twelfth aspects, since the shape of the permanent magnet is changed in the magnetizing direction so as to have the directionality, the worker is required to install the permanent magnet when the rotor is assembled and manufactured. It is possible to work efficiently without making a mistake in the installation direction.
[0042]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. The same components as those of the conventional configuration shown in FIGS. 11 to 15 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0043]
(First embodiment: corresponding to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4)
(Constitution)
FIG. 1 is a radial cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the rotor shown in FIG. 1 in the radial direction.
[0044]
In FIG. 1, a stator 1 has an armature coil 2, and a rotor 3 having a laminated structure of electromagnetic steel plates is accommodated inside. The rotor 3 includes a rotor core 4 and a permanent magnet 6. The rotor core 4 forms an easy magnetization direction (d-axis direction) and a difficult magnetization direction (q-axis direction).
[0045]
In the rotor core 4, eight permanent magnet embedded holes 5 are formed along the easy magnetization direction in order to form magnetic irregularities in the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnet 6 is mounted in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5. .
[0046]
The nonmagnetic portion 8 formed of a cavity (air gap) forms a concave portion (4b between the magnetic poles) in a magnetic pole, and the permanent magnets 6 and 6 located on both sides of the nonmagnetic portion 8 cancel the magnetic flux of the armature current passing through the magnetic pole 4b. Is magnetized.
[0047]
On the other hand, the pair of (two) permanent magnets 6 and 6 positioned on both sides of the magnetic pole part 4a have the same magnetization direction, and the two permanent magnets 6 and 6 positioned on both sides of the gap 4b are rotors. The magnetization directions are opposite to each other along the circumferential direction of 3. The permanent magnet 6 is preferably magnetized in a direction substantially perpendicular to the magnetic pole (convex pole) axis.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 2, the permanent magnet 6 is in the permanent magnet embedding hole 5, and is substantially orthogonal to the magnetization direction on the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 closer to the rotation axis on the side opposite to the nonmagnetic portion 8. The surface is tightly fixed by its own magnetic attractive force.
[0049]
And the inner peripheral side wall surface opposite to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 to which the permanent magnet 6 is fixed (that is, the nonmagnetic portion 8 side), that is, between the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 farther from the rotating shaft and the permanent magnet 6. Is provided with a gap (space). In the explanatory diagrams of FIG. 1 and the subsequent figures, corresponding positions of the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 and the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 corresponding to both end surfaces in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6 are surrounded by broken lines. Shall.
[0050]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, a step portion (unevenness) is formed on the surface of the permanent magnet 6 on the side facing the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet insertion hole 5, It is comprised so that the surface area of the part which opposes the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 vicinity may become small. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is provided with a step so that the unevenness (step portion) is continuous along the radial direction, but the unevenness is not along the radial direction but along the axial direction of the rotor 3. It is also possible to provide a step so that the (steps) are continuous.
[0051]
(Function)
Thus, the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the first embodiment is different from the conventional one, and the permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 so that it is closer to the rotating shaft side. Therefore, the average centrifugal force of the permanent magnet 6 itself accompanying the rotation of the rotor 3 of the permanent magnet 6 becomes smaller, and the stress on the rotor core 4 can be reduced.
[0052]
Therefore, the outer peripheral side thin portion 18 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 that supports the outer peripheral side of the rotor 3 and the central pole bridge thin portion 19 between the magnetic poles are both thin and severe in strength, but the permanent magnet 6 As such, it is fixed to the thick inner peripheral side wall surface 9 in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5, and the stress applied to the outer peripheral side thin portion 18 and the bridge thin portion 19 due to the rotation of the rotor 3 is reduced.
[0053]
In addition, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 by its own magnetic attractive force, and, unlike the conventional case, the adhesive does not peel off due to aging or deterioration, etc. The permanent magnet 6 is in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 and is stable.
[0054]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the permanent magnet 6 forms a gap in the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet insertion hole 5 and is provided with irregularities on the opposing surface, a portion closer to the outer peripheral side wall surface 10. Therefore, the magnetic flux passing through the convex portion of the permanent magnet 6 is reduced. As a result, the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 6 with respect to the peripheral side wall surface of the permanent magnet insertion hole 5 is less than the magnetic attraction force between the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 and the inner peripheral side wall surface 9. The permanent magnet 6 is firmly fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 in the magnetization direction.
[0055]
(effect)
As described above, according to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the (average) centrifugal force is smaller in the permanent magnet 6 in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5. In addition, since it is fixed to the thick inner peripheral side wall surface 9, the stress exerted on the rotor core 4 can be reduced, damage to the rotor 3 can be avoided, reliability can be improved, and higher speed rotation can be achieved. And increase in output can be realized.
[0056]
Further, since the permanent magnet 6 has irregularities (steps) formed on the surface on the side facing the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 through a gap, the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6 and the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 is The strength of the magnetic attraction acting on each surface is further increased, and the fixing of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 can be made stronger by the difference in the attraction force.
[0057]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed in the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 by its own magnetic attractive force, and no adhesive is used as in the prior art. In addition, the permanent magnet 6 can be easily mounted in the iron core 4 and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.
[0058]
(Second embodiment: corresponding to claim 5)
(Constitution)
FIG. 3 is an enlarged radial sectional view of a rotor showing a second embodiment of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention.
[0059]
As shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, a step is formed on the outer peripheral side wall 10 on the nonmagnetic portion 8 side among the wall surfaces of the permanent magnet embedding holes 5 facing each other at both ends in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6. (Concavities and convexities) are formed, and are formed so as to have a difference in magnetic attractive force at both ends of the permanent magnet 6.
[0060]
Therefore, even in this configuration, in addition to having a gap between the permanent magnet 6 and the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5, a portion close to the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 by the convex portion of the permanent magnet 6. Since the surface area (i.e., the tip area of the convex portion) of the permanent magnet 6 is small, the magnetic attractive force acting in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6 becomes strong and weak as in the first embodiment. 6 is firmly fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 side of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5.
[0061]
In the present embodiment, the rotor core 4 is provided with a step (unevenness) along the radial direction. However, as in the first embodiment, a step (in the axial direction of the rotor core 4 ( (Unevenness) may be provided.
[0062]
(Function)
As described above, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment, the step is formed on the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5, so that the magnetic flux passing through the permanent magnet 6 and the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 is reduced. Then, the magnetic attractive force between the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 on the opposite side becomes smaller, and the permanent magnet 6 is firmly fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 in the direction of smaller centrifugal force.
[0063]
(effect)
As described above, according to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a step (unevenness) is formed on the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5, that is, on the rotor core 4 side. By forming, the permanent magnet 6 can be firmly fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5.
[0064]
Therefore, also in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 closer to the rotating shaft side of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 and further to reduce the stress on the rotor core 4. Therefore, it is possible to avoid damage to the rotor 3 and improve the reliability, and it is possible to realize a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine having a higher rotational speed and a higher output.
[0065]
Further, since the permanent magnet 6 is fixed in the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 by its own magnetic attractive force, the fixing is stable, and the permanent magnet 6 has a simple shape and structure, so that the rotor 3 can be easily manufactured. .
[0066]
(Third Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 6)
(Constitution)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged radial sectional view of a rotor showing a third embodiment of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention.
[0067]
That is, in the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed between the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 via the magnetic member 11, and the magnetic member 11 is in contact with the inner peripheral side wall surface 9. As shown in the figure, a step (unevenness) having a U-shaped cross section is provided on the surface.
[0068]
And since the clearance gap was formed between the permanent magnet 6 and the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 similarly to the 1st and 2nd embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is interposed through the magnetic member 11. Due to the magnetic attraction force, the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 is firmly fixed. In the present embodiment, the magnetic member 11 is illustrated as having a step (unevenness) along the radial direction. However, the step (unevenness) of the magnetic member 11 is along the rotation axis direction of the rotor 3. May be provided.
[0069]
(Function)
According to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the third embodiment having the above-described configuration, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 via the magnetic member 11 in the magnetization direction, and the magnetic member 11. Since the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 has a step, most of the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet 6 reaches the rotor core 4 through the magnetic member 11. Therefore, the magnetic flux density between the convex portion of the magnetic member 11 having a small end cross-sectional area and the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 is increased and the magnetic attraction force is increased, and the permanent magnet 6 passes through the magnetic member 11. Thus, the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 is firmly fixed.
[0070]
(effect)
As described above, according to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the third embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is firmly fixed to the rotor core 4 via the magnetic member 11 and is stable. Similar to the second embodiment, a rotating electrical machine having high reliability, high speed rotation, and high output can be provided.
[0071]
(Fourth embodiment: corresponding to claim 7)
(Constitution)
FIG. 5 is an enlarged radial sectional view of a rotor showing a fourth embodiment of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention.
[0072]
As shown in FIG. 5, the rotor 3 according to the present embodiment urges an elastic member 12 such as a spring between the permanent magnet 6 and the outer peripheral side wall surface 10 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5. The elastic member 12 presses the permanent magnet 6 so that the direction matches the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6, and the permanent magnet 6 is always firmly pressed and fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5. It is comprised so that.
[0073]
In this embodiment, the two elastic members 12 are arranged and inserted along the radial direction of the rotor 3, but the number of the elastic members 12 may be one, or may be three or more. Further, the arrangement direction of the plurality of elastic members 12 is not limited to the radial direction of the rotor 3 and can be inserted along the rotation axis direction.
[0074]
(Function)
As described above, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of this embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 has the inner peripheral side wall surface of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 by the elastic member 12 such as a spring in addition to the self-magnetic attractive force. 9, the permanent magnet 6 is securely and firmly fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5.
[0075]
(effect)
In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the fourth embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed by being pressed against the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 by the elastic member 12. The magnet 6 is stable, reliability is improved, and the rotor 3 can be rotated at a higher speed.
[0076]
(Fifth embodiment: corresponding to claims 8, 9 and 10)
(Constitution)
FIG. 6 is an enlarged radial sectional view of a rotor showing a fifth embodiment of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention.
[0077]
That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotor core 4 between the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 and the nonmagnetic part 8 is provided with an elastic part 13 by notching or raising processing, The elastic portion 13 is configured to always press the permanent magnet 6 toward the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5.
[0078]
Further, the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment is configured such that the inner diameter dimension d of the (rotor) iron core 4 is in the range of 25% to 55% of the outer dimension dout.
[0079]
7 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship of the maximum stress value σ (vertical axis) in the iron core 4 with respect to the inner diameter d (horizontal axis) of the iron core 4 when the rotor 3 shown in FIG. 6 is rotated.
[0080]
As shown in FIG. 7, in the rotating electrical machine, the maximum stress value α in the iron core 4 once showed a small value as the inner diameter d of the (rotor) iron core 4 increased sequentially from d1 → dα → d2. After that, it exhibits a characteristic of increasing gradually with the minimum value in the middle (dα) as a boundary. Accordingly, in the invention of this embodiment, attention is paid to the fact that the inner diameter dα at which the maximum stress value α in the iron core 4 is minimum is in the range of 25% to 55% with respect to the outer diameter dout of the rotor core. It was made.
[0081]
Therefore, by setting the inner diameter dimension d so that the inner diameter dimension d of the rotor core 4 is in the range of 25% to 55% with respect to the outer diameter dout, and more preferably, the maximum stress value α is approximately dα. The stress in the iron core 4 due to the rotational centrifugal force is reduced, and a highly rigid rotor 3 can be obtained.
[0082]
If the shapes of the permanent magnet 6 and the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 are different from each other, the optimum inner diameter dα at which the stress value in the rotor core 4 is minimized also changes slightly. However, the optimum inner diameter dα is still in the range of 25% to 55% with respect to the iron core outer diameter dout.
[0083]
Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of this embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 in the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 is urged by the elastic portion 13 in addition to its own magnetic attractive force, and the inner peripheral side wall surface. 9, the inner diameter dimension d of the rotor core 4 is within a range of 25% to 55% with respect to the outer diameter dout, and preferably the stress value in the rotor core 4 is minimized. The inner diameter dimension dα is set.
[0084]
In the present embodiment, the elastic portion 13 is formed by notching or raising the (rotor) iron core 4 in the radial direction, but it can of course be provided along the rotation axis direction.
[0085]
(Function)
According to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine configured as described above, the elastic portion 13 is provided in the rotor core 4 between the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 and the nonmagnetic portion 8, and the permanent magnet 6 has the elastic portion. While being biased by 13, the permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 and stabilized.
[0086]
Further, since the inner diameter dimension d of the rotor core 4 is configured to be in the range of 25% to 55% with respect to the outer dimension dout, the stress in the rotor core 4 accompanying the rotation is minimized. Can do.
[0087]
(effect)
As described above, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the fifth embodiment, the permanent magnet 6 is pressed against the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 by the elastic portion 13 of the rotor core 4. The permanent magnet 6 is firmly fixed in combination with its magnetic attraction force, and can be rotated at a high speed, thereby improving the reliability.
[0088]
Further, the elastic portion 13 is formed by simply cutting or raising the iron core 4 and does not insert an elastic member such as a spring, so that it can be manufactured without increasing the number of parts.
[0089]
Moreover, according to this embodiment, since the inner diameter dimension d of the rotor core 4 is formed to be in the range of 25% to 55% of the outer dimension dout, the stress value with respect to the centrifugal force in the rotor core 4 is set. As a result, it is possible to minimize the speed, and at the same time, higher speed rotation and higher output can be realized.
[0090]
(Sixth embodiment: corresponding to claims 11 and 12)
(Constitution)
FIG. 8 is a radial sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention, FIG. 9 is an enlarged radial sectional view of the rotor shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. It is a perspective view of the permanent magnet shown.
[0091]
In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment, the shape of the permanent magnet 14 inserted into the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 of the rotor core 4 is enlarged as shown in FIG. The area of a plane (in the drawing, a cross section) orthogonal to the magnetization direction 15 indicated by reference numeral 16 changes toward the magnetization direction, and is gradually reduced.
[0092]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the shape of the permanent magnet embedding hole 5 into which the permanent magnet 14 is inserted is formed with a pair of protrusions inward from the inner peripheral side wall surface 9 of the rotor core 4. The trapezoidal bottom portion of the permanent magnet 14 is held and fixed between the pair of protrusions.
[0093]
Therefore, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 14 can be mounted in the permanent magnet embedded hole 5 by a fitting operation between the protruding portions of the inner peripheral side wall surface 9.
[0094]
(Function)
As described above, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of this embodiment, the shape of the permanent magnet 14 is directional so that the area (lateral area) changes in the magnetization direction 15. An operator can visually identify the magnetization direction 15 of the permanent magnet 6.
[0095]
(effect)
Therefore, according to the sixth embodiment, as in the first to fifth embodiments, the permanent magnet 6 is firmly fixed by its own magnetic attractive force, and the shape thereof is changed to the magnetization direction 15. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the trouble that the worker puts the permanent magnet 6 in the wrong direction in the rotor core 4 and to improve the production efficiency.
[0096]
In each of the embodiments described above, the rotating electrical machine is described as having four poles, but it goes without saying that the number of poles is not limited to four.
[0097]
As described above, according to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention, the permanent magnet is fixed to the inner peripheral side wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole by its own magnetic attractive force, so that the rotor accompanying the rotation The stress in the iron core is reduced, and high speed rotation and high output can be realized, and a remarkable effect can be obtained in practical use.
[0098]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the permanent magnet is fixed to the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole on the side opposite to the nonmagnetic portion, and the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet accompanying the rotation of the rotor is increased in the rotor. It is possible to reduce the stress of the rotor and avoid damage to the rotor.
[0099]
According to the invention described in claim 4 or 5, since the difference in the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet is provided between both end portions in the magnetization direction, Damage can be avoided.
[0100]
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the presence of the magnetic member enables the permanent magnet to be more firmly fixed in addition to the effect of the third aspect of the invention.
[0101]
In the invention according to claim 7 or 8, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the permanent magnet can be more firmly fixed due to the presence of the elastic member or the elastic portion.
[0102]
According to invention of Claim 9 or 10, the stress in the iron core accompanying rotation of rotor itself can be reduced, and the rotary electric machine of higher speed rotation is realizable.
[0103]
According to the invention described in claim 11 or 12, since the shape of the permanent magnet is given directionality in the magnetization direction, it can be easily and reliably mounted in the iron core, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved. Can be made.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a radial cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet type reluctance rotary electric machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged radial sectional view of the rotor shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view in the rotor radial direction of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view in the rotor radial direction of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view in the rotor radial direction of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view in the rotor radial direction of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the rotor core inner diameter of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 6 and the maximum stress value in the rotor core.
FIG. 8 is a radial sectional view of a rotor of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
9 is an enlarged sectional view of the rotor shown in FIG. 8 in the radial direction.
10 is a perspective view of the permanent magnet shown in FIG. 9. FIG.
FIG. 11 is a radial sectional view of a conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine.
12 is a radial sectional view showing a flow of a magnetic flux φd of a component in a direction along a magnetic pole axis of a rotor core by a d-axis armature current of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine shown in FIG. 11;
13 is a radial direction showing a flow of a magnetic flux φq of a component in a direction along a radial axis around a magnetic pole 4b by a q-axis armature current of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing.
14 is a radial cross-sectional view showing a flow of magnetic flux generated by a permanent magnet of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine shown in FIG.
15 is an enlarged radial sectional view of a rotor showing a flow of magnetic flux generated by a permanent magnet of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 11;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Stator
2 ... Armature coil
3 ... Rotor
4 ... (rotor) iron core
5 ... Permanent magnet embedding hole
6 ... Permanent magnet
7, 14 ... Magnetic part
8 ... Nonmagnetic part
9 ... Inner peripheral side wall surface of permanent magnet embedded hole
10 ... Peripheral side wall surface of permanent magnet embedded hole
11 ... Magnetic member
12 ... Elastic member
13 ... Elastic part
18 ... Outer peripheral side thin part
19 ・ ・ ・ Bridge thin section
4a: Magnetic pole part
4b: Between magnetic poles

Claims (12)

A stator having an armature coil, and a permanent magnet provided inside the permanent magnet embedded hole in the iron core so as to cancel the magnetic flux of the armature passing between the adjacent magnetic poles inside the stator, and between the magnetic poles In a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine having a nonmagnetic part on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet and having a rotor with magnetic irregularities formed in the circumferential direction,
The permanent magnet is fixed to the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole on the opposite side to the non-magnetic portion substantially perpendicular to the magnetization direction, and a gap is provided between the permanent magnet and the non-magnetic portion side wall surface. A permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electrical machine characterized by the above. The permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is fixed to a wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole by a magnetic attraction force thereof. The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet has a difference in magnetic attraction force between both ends in the magnetization direction and a wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole. One of the end faces is always fixed to the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole. The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein the permanent magnet is provided with a step on one surface of both end portions opposed to the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole, and the magnetic attraction force at the both end portions is increased. A permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine characterized by providing a difference. The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein a step is provided on any one of the wall surfaces of the permanent magnet embedding hole respectively opposed to both ends in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet. A permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine characterized in that a difference is provided in the magnetic attractive force at both ends. The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine is located on the side facing the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole on either side of the permanent magnet embedding hole wall surface in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet. A permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine characterized by interposing a magnetic member having a step. The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein an elastic member such as a spring is interposed between the permanent magnet and the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedding hole in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet. A permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine. In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An elastic part is formed in the iron core between the permanent magnet embedding hole and the non-magnetic part by notching or raising, and the permanent magnet is pressed by the elastic part. A permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine. In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine characterized in that an inner diameter dimension of an iron core of the rotor is set in a range of 25% to 55% of an outer dimension of the iron core. In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine characterized in that an inner diameter dimension of an iron core is set so that a stress value of the iron core accompanying rotation of the rotor is minimized. A stator having an armature coil, and a permanent magnet provided inside the permanent magnet embedded hole in the iron core so as to cancel the magnetic flux of the armature passing between the adjacent magnetic poles inside the stator, and between the magnetic poles In a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine having a nonmagnetic part on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet and having a rotor with magnetic irregularities formed in the circumferential direction,
The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine, wherein the permanent magnet is configured such that an area of a surface substantially orthogonal to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet changes along the magnetization direction. In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 11,
A permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine, wherein the wall surface of the permanent magnet embedded hole is deformed so as to lock one end of the permanent magnet in the magnetization direction.

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