JP3210634B2 - Permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An outline of a conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine is shown in FIG.

[0003] Permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine 101
Is a stator 103 fixedly supported by a housing or the like, and a rotor 105 rotatably disposed in the stator 103.
The stator 103 has a shape in which an armature coil 109 is provided on a stator core 107. Rotor 1
Reference numeral 05 denotes a shape in which, for example, a pair of opposing permanent magnets 113 are arranged in a cross shape in a cross section in the rotor core 111, and a region where the permanent magnets 113 are arranged magnetically forms a salient pole. It becomes the magnetic pole part 115. In addition, the permanent magnet 11
A non-magnetic portion 117 is formed between the permanent magnet 3 and the permanent magnet 113, and is a magnetic pole portion 119 which magnetically forms a concave portion.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine 101, as shown in FIG. 9, when a component along the magnetic pole axis of the rotor core 111 due to the armature current is defined as a magnetic flux φd, the magnetic pole portion 115 As a magnetic path, the magnetic path in this direction has a very small magnetic resistance and has a magnetic configuration in which magnetic flux easily flows.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, when a component along a radial axis centered on the gap 119 between the magnetic poles due to the armature current is defined as a magnetic flux φe, the magnetic flux φe of the gap 119 between the magnetic poles is assumed.
Forms a magnetic path crossing the permanent magnet 113 between the magnetic poles 119, but since the relative magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet 113 is almost 1, the magnetic flux due to the armature current is reduced by the action of the high magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet 113. .

[0006] The permanent magnet 113 between the magnetic poles 119 is magnetized substantially in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole axis. As shown in FIG. 11, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 113 passes through the magnetic portion 121 on the outer peripheral boundary of the rotor core 111. A magnetic circuit φma which flows in the circumferential direction, passes through the magnetic pole portion 115, and returns to the opposite pole of itself is formed. Further, a part of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113 passes through the stator 107 through the air gap, passes through the magnetic pole portion 115 of the rotor 105 or the permanent magnet 113 of the phosphorus pole, and passes through the original permanent magnet 11.
A magnetic circuit φmb returning to 3 is also formed.

As shown in FIG. 10, the linkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113 is distributed in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux φe of the component between the magnetic poles in the direction of the central axis due to the armature current, and the armature magnetic flux φe penetrating from the magnetic pole 119. And repel each other. Magnetic pole spacing 11
9, the magnetic flux density generated by the armature current decreases due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113,
It will change greatly compared with the air gap magnetic flux density on the magnetic pole. That is, the change in the air gap magnetic flux density with respect to the position of the rotor 105 becomes large, and the magnetic energy change becomes large.
Further, when a load is applied, the distance between the magnetic pole portion 115 and the magnetic pole 11 is increased.
There is a magnetic part 121 that is magnetically short-circuited at the boundary of No. 9 and is magnetically saturated more strongly by the load current. As a result, the distance between the magnetic poles 11
9 increase the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113 distributed. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the air gap density distribution has large irregularities due to the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet 113 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113, so that the magnetic energy change is significantly large, and there is an advantage that a large output can be obtained.

On the other hand, with respect to the adjustment width of the terminal voltage for obtaining a wide range of variable speed operation, since the permanent magnet 113 is provided only in a part of the concave portion between the magnetic poles 119, almost all over the surface of the rotor 105. The surface area of the permanent magnet is smaller than that of a general permanent magnet type rotating electric machine having a permanent magnet, and the amount of interlinkage magnetic flux by the permanent magnet is also reduced.

Further, in the non-excited state, a considerable amount of magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113 passes through the magnetic portion 121 at the boundary between the magnetic poles and becomes a leakage magnetic flux in the rotor core 111. Therefore, in this state, the induced voltage can be made extremely small, so that the iron loss during non-excitation is reduced. Also, when the coil 109 has a short-circuit fault, the overcurrent is small.

[0010] At the time of load, the flux linkage by the armature current (the exciting current component and the torque current component of the reluctance rotating electrical machine) is added to the flux linkage by the permanent magnet 113 to induce a terminal voltage.

In a general permanent magnet type rotating electric machine, it is difficult to adjust the terminal voltage because the linkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113 occupies most of the terminal voltage. However, this permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine is difficult. 101 is a permanent magnet 11
Since the interlinkage magnetic flux of No. 3 is small, the terminal voltage can be widely adjusted by widely adjusting the exciting current component. That is, since the exciting current component can be adjusted so that the voltage becomes equal to or lower than the power supply voltage according to the speed, a wide range of variable speed operation can be performed at a constant voltage from the base speed.

Further, since the voltage is not suppressed by performing the field weakening by the forcible control, an overvoltage does not occur even if the control stops operating at the high speed rotation.

Further, a part φm of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113
Since a leaks through the magnetic portion 121 of the magnetic short circuit, the demagnetizing field inside the permanent magnet can be reduced. That is, the operating point on the demagnetization curve, which is the B (magnetic flux density) -H (magnetic field strength) characteristic of the permanent magnet 113, increases (the permeance coefficient increases), and the demagnetization resistance to temperature and armature reaction occurs. The characteristics are improved. At the same time, since the permanent magnet 113 is embedded in the iron core, the rotor iron core 111 serves as a holding mechanism of the permanent magnet 113, and has features such as preventing the permanent magnet 113 from scattering due to rotation.

[0014]

However, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine having the conventional structure as described above, the permanent magnet embedded hole 123 in which the permanent magnet 113 of the rotor core 111 is embedded, especially between the magnetic poles. The outer diameter side of 119 is set to be as narrow as possible in the radial direction in order to reduce the leakage of magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet 113. Therefore, it is difficult to support the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet 113 in addition to the above. When the method is applied to a rotating machine, the permanent magnets 113 are scattered and the rotor 105 is broken, which is a cause that the rotating electric machine cannot be established.

Accordingly, the present invention reduces the capacity of the rotating electric machine.
And to provide the possibility and the permanent-magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine of high-speed rotation without.

[0016]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stator having an armature coil and a rotor core rotatably disposed in the stator. A rotor having a permanent magnet mounted therein, wherein the rotor has a magnetic pole portion formed by a pair of opposed permanent magnets provided in a rotor core, and a portion between the magnetic pole portion and the magnetic pole portion. In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine in which the magnetic poles having the non-magnetic portions formed in the rotor are alternately arranged on the circumference, each of the permanent magnets of the magnetic pole portions facing each other
The stone is divided into a plurality of pieces in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the direction of magnetization , and the divided permanent magnets are respectively provided in independent magnet attachment holes of the rotor core.

[0017] As a result, a large variation in the gap magnet density distribution is formed between the magnetic pole portions and the magnetic poles, so that the magnetic energy change becomes remarkably large, so that a large output and a stable rotation can be obtained as in the prior art. Can be

Further , the mass of the permanent magnet is
Since it is less than half, the centrifugal force acting on the magnet mounting hole of the rotor core can be reduced. As a result,
The stress generated in the rotor core is also reduced, and higher speed rotation is possible.

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

[0022]

[0023]

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotation
The sub-core has an opening provided in the non-magnetic part of the rotor core.
Both sides are sandwiched by an end plate having a protrusion that closely fits .

[0025] Thus, deformation of the rotor core occur through <br/> by for action of centrifugal force during rotation is kept small by the side plates and protrusions. In particular, it is possible to reduce the stress value generated in the peripheral region of the non-magnetic portion by the protrusions, thereby enabling high-speed rotation.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the rotation
Child iron core, the partition plate and on both sides of the intermediate, is held between the end plate, of the end plate
On the both side surfaces of the side and the partition plate, the non-magnetic rotor core
Projecting body that fits closely with the opening holes provided in the section
Is provided.

[0027] Thus, deformation of the rotating time of the centrifugal force may arise from that round the rotor core Te <br/> by for work of, provided on the side plate and the intermediate partition plate and each plate of both sides < With the projections, it can be kept small. In particular, the partition
This makes it possible to simultaneously reduce the stress value generated around the middle non-magnetic portion partitioned by the heat sink, thereby enabling higher high-speed rotation.

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]

[0034]

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a stator of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine 3, and reference numeral 5 denotes a rotor that is rotatably disposed in the stator 1.

The stator 1 is fixedly supported by a housing case (not shown) or the like, and has a shape in which an armature coil 9 is provided on a stator core 7.

The rotor 5 is provided with permanent magnets 13 at a total of four locations in each of two sets in the rotor core 11, and has four magnetic pole portions 15 arranged in a cross-shaped cross section to be magnetically convex. It has a magnetic pole portion 15 and a non-magnetic pole portion 17 between the magnetic pole portions 15, and the non-magnetic pole portion 17 is a gap 19 between magnetic poles that becomes a magnetic concave portion.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor core 11 has an independent magnetic pole part 15 in which two permanent magnets 13 are incorporated.
It is constituted by stacking punched plates 27 having the magnet mounting holes 21 and 23 and the door-like opening hole 25 forming the non-magnetic pole portion 17.

The magnet mounting holes 21 and 23 are provided in each of the magnetic pole portions 15 at a total of two sets of four in parallel with the magnetization direction.

The permanent magnet 13 is provided in the magnet mounting holes 21 and
3 is a bonded magnet that cures after a certain period of time after being inserted into the magnet mounting hole 2.
At the time of insertion into 1, 21 and 23, 23, it is divided into two parallel to the magnetization direction.

In the magnetic pole portion 15, another set of permanent magnets 13 facing one set of two divided permanent magnets 13
The magnetic poles are an N pole and an S pole that are attracted to each other, and constitute magnetic salient poles. The permanent magnet 13 is preferably magnetized in a substantially circumferential direction, more preferably in a direction substantially perpendicular to the pole axis.

The non-magnetic portion 17 is made of aluminum, duralumin,
It is filled with a non-magnetic material 17a having a light weight and a high compression rigidity such as a reinforced plastic to form a magnetic pole gap 19 which becomes a magnetic concave portion.

That is, in the relationship between the permanent magnets 13 on both sides of the magnetic pole portion 15, the magnetization directions are the same. In addition, the distance between magnetic poles 1
The relationship between the two sets of permanent magnets 13 located on both sides of 9 is that the repelling N-pole and N-pole or the S-pole and S-pole are mutually opposite in the circumferential direction of the rotor 5. It has an arrangement structure.

The permanent-magnet-type reluctance-type rotating electric machine 3 configured as described above changes the air gap magnetic flux density distribution between the magnetic pole portion 15 and the magnetic pole 19 by the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet 13 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 13. Since large irregularities are formed, the change in magnetic energy becomes extremely large, and a large output can be obtained as in the related art, and stable rotation can be achieved.

During this rotation, a set of permanent magnets 13
Is divided into two parts, the mass per one permanent magnet can be small. In this embodiment, the mass is halved because the part is divided into two parts.

Further, since the permanent magnet 13 is a bonded magnet which hardens after a fixed time, there is no contact with the magnet mounting holes 21 and 23, so that stress concentration can be avoided.

As a result, the centrifugal force acting on the magnet mounting holes 21 and 23 and the stress generated in the rotor core 11 are halved, so that higher speed rotation can be achieved.

Since the strength and rigidity of the region of the thin outer peripheral wall 29 of the non-magnetic pole portion 19 are secured by the embedded non-magnetic material 17a, the stress value generated in the rotor core 11 can be reduced. Higher high-speed rotation becomes possible.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine.

That is, two sets of permanent magnets 13 provided on the magnetic pole part 15 of the rotor core 11 are divided into two parts in a direction perpendicular to the magnetization direction. In addition, the non-magnetic portion 1 serving as the gap 19 between the magnetic poles
Let 7 be a space, and be a cooling medium in that space.
A cooling gas such as hydrogen gas is allowed to flow. In this case, the cooling medium may be cooling air from outside air.

Since the other components are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the detailed description is omitted.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment, since the set of permanent magnets 13 is divided into two,
The mass per one permanent magnet 13 may be small, and the mass is halved.

As a result, the centrifugal force acting on the magnet mounting holes 21 and 23 and the stress value generated in the rotor core 11 are halved, so that higher speed rotation is possible.

Further, since the cooling gas flows in the non-magnetic portion 19, the cooling performance of the rotor core 11 is improved and the permanent magnet 1
3 can be prevented from being thermally degraded, and stable performance can be obtained over a long period of time.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a third embodiment of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine.

That is, the nonmagnetic portion 19 between the magnetic pole portions 15 between the magnetic pole portions 15 is a space penetrating in the axial direction, and the partition plate 31 is disposed between the rotor cores 11. Further, both sides of the rotor core 11 are sandwiched by end plates 33 and integrally fixed and supported by a shaft 36 penetrating a central portion.

On both sides of the partition plate 31 and on the inner side of the end plate 33, a projection 35 having the same shape as the non-magnetic portion 17 is provided, and the projection 35 is structured to fit with the non-magnetic portion 17. It is.

Since the other components are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the detailed description is omitted.

Therefore, according to the third embodiment, the displacement around the magnet mounting holes 21, 23 of the rotor core 11 caused by the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet 13 during rotation is reduced by the partition plate 31 and the end plate 33. , The stress value generated in the rotor core 11 is reduced, and higher speed rotation is possible.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a fourth embodiment of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotary electric machine 3. FIG.

That is, a space penetrating the non-magnetic portion 17 between the magnetic pole portions 15 between the magnetic pole portions 15 in the axial direction is provided. A partition plate 37 is arranged between the rotor cores 11, and both sides of the rotor core 11 are sandwiched by end plates 39, and are integrally fixed and supported by a shaft 41 penetrating a central portion. A hollow reinforcing rod 43 made of titanium or the like, which is a lightweight and high-strength material, is disposed in the non-magnetic portion 17, and has a structure penetrating the partition plate 37 and the side plate 39.

The other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore, are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description is omitted.

Therefore, according to the fourth embodiment, the displacement around the magnet mounting holes 21 and 23 of the rotor core 11 caused by the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet 13 during rotation is supported by the reinforcing rod 43. Therefore, rotor core 11
The value of the stress generated during the rotation becomes smaller, and higher speed rotation is possible.

The reinforcing rod 43 is connected to the rotor core 11
And the arrangement structure penetrating the partition plate 37, the displacement around the magnet mounting holes 21 and 23 can be suppressed to be small.

[0069]

As described above, according to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine of the present invention, the mass of each permanent magnet can be reduced by dividing the permanent magnet.

[0070] Therefore, since a stress value generated in the rotor core can kept small Rukoto by centrifugal force of the permanent magnet during rotation, thereby enabling a higher speed rotation is.

Further, the side plate having the projections
The deformation of the rotor core during high-speed rotation from both sides
In addition to the
High-speed rotation is possible because the force value can be reduced
It works. Also, an intermediate partition plate having projections
Due to the intermediate deformation of the rotor core and the area around the non-magnetic part
Can be reduced to a small value.
High high-speed rotation becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a blank plate constituting a rotor core.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view of a conventional permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of a magnetic flux in a magnetic pole portion.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of a magnetic flux between magnetic poles.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of a magnetic flux in a permanent magnet area.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stator 5 Rotor 11 Rotor iron core 13 Permanent magnet 15 Magnetic pole part 17 Non-magnetic part 19 Between magnetic poles 21, 23 Magnet mounting hole

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuto Sakai 2-4 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Keihin Works, Toshiba Corporation (72) Inventor Koji Tsutsui Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 2-4, Toshiba Corporation Keihin Works (56) References JP-A-11-27913 (JP, A) JP-A-10-155260 (JP, A) JP-A-5-207690 (JP, A) JP 8-237915 (JP, A) JP-A-10-257702 (JP, A) US Patent 4,924,130 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 19/10 H02K 1/27 501 H02K 21 / 00,29 / 00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stator having an armature coil and a rotor rotatably disposed in the stator and having a permanent magnet mounted in a rotor core, wherein the rotor has a rotor core. A magnetic pole portion formed by a pair of opposing permanent magnets provided inside and a magnetic pole having a nonmagnetic portion formed between the magnetic pole portions are alternately arranged on the circumference. the permanent magnet reluctance electric motor which is adapted, each permanent magnet of the magnetic pole facing each other, and divided into a plurality of sections in the magnetized direction parallel or perpendicular, each of the permanent divided
It magnets on separate magnet mounting hole of the rotor core
And a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine characterized by being provided. 2. The rotor core is provided on a non-magnetic portion of the rotor core.
An end provided with a protrusion that fits tightly with the provided opening
Permanent-magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine according to claim 1 Symbol mounting, characterized in that both sides are sandwiched by de plate. 3. The rotor core is provided with an intermediate partition plate.
Is sandwiched by the end plates on both sides, both sides and twice rotation of the inner and partition plates before Symbol endplate
Closely fit with the opening holes provided in the non-magnetic part of the iron core
Claim 1 Symbol placement of the permanent magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine projections mutually engaged, characterized in that the provided.