JP3735593B2 - Seismic isolation device for buildings - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for supporting a building such as a building or a house on a foundation, and more particularly, to a seismic isolation support device that can further reduce the influence of a seismic force on a building.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Structures that suppress or control the effects of earthquakes on buildings and prevent damage to buildings include seismic isolation structures that prevent seismic forces from being transmitted to buildings. A member or a mechanism called an isolator is provided between the structure and the main body structure of the building to insulate the energy of the earthquake.
[0003]
Conventionally widely used isolators include laminated rubber isolators in which thin rubber sheets and steel plates are alternately laminated and bonded. With this laminated rubber isolator, for vertical loads (building loads), The steel plate regulates the spread of rubber in the horizontal direction due to the load, and the vertical deformation is suppressed, but it can be greatly deformed by the elasticity of the rubber against the horizontal force, so the load on the building Can be sufficiently supported, and the transmission of energy in the horizontal direction due to the earthquake to the building can be reliably interrupted.
[0004]
However, in the conventional seismic isolation structure described above, specifications such as support strength against vertical load and elastic deformation rate against horizontal stress of the laminated rubber isolator must be designed according to the individual building and the scale of the assumed earthquake. In other words, there is a problem that the design and construction cost of the building increases.
[0005]
In addition, the conventional seismic isolation structure described above also has a problem that it is impossible to block the vertical seismic energy due to so-called pitching in a direct earthquake.
[0006]
Furthermore, in the conventional seismic isolation structure described above, the seismic isolation action is determined by the dimensions and elasticity of the laminated rubber and steel plates, so the seismic isolation action cannot be adjusted according to the magnitude of the earthquake shake, In other words, it is impossible to prevent the seismic isolation action from acting on small earthquakes, and if a building is shaken by a small earthquake or wind, the building will continue to be gently shaken for a long time due to the seismic isolation action. There is.
[0007]
In addition, there are very many cases in which earthquakes are accompanied by ground changes after the occurrence of such earthquakes, and it is often the case that buildings are tilted due to unequal subsidence due to ground changes. There is no one that makes it possible to correct the settlement of buildings when unequal settlement occurs.
[0008]
In addition, as a seismic isolation structure for general housing, the upper plate and the lower plate are relatively horizontally aligned between the lower plate whose upper surface is curved and the upper plate whose lower surface is curved. A seismic isolation device with a plurality of steel balls is installed between the concrete foundation and the base of the house so that the steel balls can be moved between the upper and lower plates in response to the earthquake. There are things that suppress the energy of the earthquake that hits the house by rolling, but if the shake is large, the steel ball will fall off or suppress the vertical shake during the direct earthquake It is not possible to obtain sufficient seismic isolation.
[0009]
【the purpose】
The object of the present invention is to obtain sufficient seismic isolation action regardless of the direction of the earthquake, and can be set so that the seismic isolation action starts to work when the required seismic intensity is reached. An object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation support device that can easily and accurately correct the settlement of a building when unequal settlement occurs in the building.
[0010]
[Structure of the invention]
In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus according to the present invention is a seismic isolation support device that supports a building on a foundation, and is elastic that can be expanded and contracted vertically in a bottomed cylindrical body having an open top. A rising edge that has a plurality of recesses on the upper surface to support a plurality of steel balls so as to be able to roll individually, and prevents the steel balls from dropping off. And a support plate that is a building-side fixing member provided on the steel ball so as to be horizontally displaceable by rolling the steel ball in the recess. A plurality of adjusters for regulating horizontal displacement between the foundation-side fixing member and the building by the spring force between the foundation-side fixing member and the building via a ball joint; provided, these adjuster, each other A rotatably inner tube and the outer tube of the load in either direction between the compression direction tensile direction comprises a spring which can be subjected, the adjuster free length compression direction of the spring, any direction tensile direction It is possible to set the magnitude of the seismic oscillation that the seismic isolation action begins to work by adjusting the free length.
[0011]
The apparatus according to the present invention includes an upper and lower female screw cylinder in which female threads having different winding directions are formed on the inner peripheral surface between the foundation-side fixing member and the foundation, and screwed into each female screw of these female screw cylinders. And a male screw body formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper and lower male screws having different winding directions, and a rotation operation unit for rotating the male screw body forward and backward between the upper and lower male screws on the outer peripheral surface of the male screw body. The upper and lower female screw cylinders are separated or approached by rotating the rotating operation part forward and backward so that a vertical adjustment mechanism is provided to expand and contract in the vertical direction.
[0012]
【Example】
Embodiments of the seismic isolation support device according to the present invention will be described below based on specific examples shown in the accompanying drawings.
The apparatus of the present embodiment includes a seismic isolation mechanism 1 for suppressing shaking due to an earthquake and an up-and-down adjustment mechanism 2 for adjusting the vertical position of the building during construction and subsidence correction.
[0013]
The seismic isolation mechanism 1 has a compression coil spring 4 and a buffer rubber 5 serving as a buffer member in a bottomed cylindrical body 3 whose upper portion is open, and a ball receiving plate 6 is provided on the buffer member.
The buffer rubber 5 is provided with a recessed portion 5a in the center of the upper surface of a synthetic rubber formed in a columnar shape, for example, and the compression rubber 5 is compressed in the gap between the outer periphery of the buffer rubber 5 and the inner periphery of the cylindrical body 3. A coil spring 4 is provided, and the free height of the compression coil spring is substantially the same as the height of the buffer rubber.
[0014]
The ball receiving plate 6 has a plurality of (four in FIG. 2) recesses 6b, 6b on the upper surface of a steel plate formed in a ring shape having a central hole 6a as shown in FIG. The steel ball 7 is supported so as to be able to roll, and an outer peripheral portion is provided with a rising edge portion 6c for preventing the steel ball from dropping off. The outer diameter of the ball receiving plate 6 is a cylindrical body. 3 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of 3, and can slide up and down along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body.
[0015]
A cylindrical portion 8 a that is suspended from the lower surface of the central portion of the support plate 8 is fitted into the central hole 6 a of the ball receiving plate 6 and the recessed portion 5 a of the buffer rubber 5, and the support plate is the steel balls 7, 7. Supported on top.
The inner diameter of the recess 5a of the buffer rubber is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 8a, but the inner diameter of the central hole 6a of the ball receiving plate is sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 8a.
[0016]
Accordingly, the support plate 8 is provided so that the columnar portion 8a is fitted in the buffer rubber 5, but can be moved in the horizontal direction by rolling of the steel ball 7 against the elastic force of the buffer rubber.
[0017]
Note that there is a sufficient gap between the lower surface of the support plate 8 and the upper edge of the cylindrical body 3 in a state where a load from the building is applied on the support plate. The amount of contraction in the vertical direction of the cushioning member assumed when a vertical force is applied is set to be larger.
[0018]
A plurality of adjusters 9, 9 extending radially from the cylindrical body are provided on the outer periphery of the upper part of the cylindrical body 3, and these adjusters are arranged between the cylindrical body 3 and the building in the event of an earthquake. The relative movement amount in the horizontal direction is regulated.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 3, the adjuster 9 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 10 and an inner cylinder 11 that are open at one end and closed at the other end, accommodate a coil spring 12 in the outer cylinder, and A spring receiving plate 13 is provided on the inner side to some extent from the opening end, and the end portions of the coil springs are fixed to the inner surfaces of the end portions of the spring receiving plate and the outer cylinder on the closed side.
[0020]
Each end of the coil spring 12 is firmly fixed to the spring receiving plate 13 and the outer cylinder 10 so that it can receive a load in either the compression direction or the tension direction. In contrast, the spring constant is about the same.
[0021]
Further, bases of rods 16 and 17 each having ball joints 14 and 15 are attached to both ends of the adjuster 9, and the base of the rod 16 on the outer cylinder side is directly fixed to the outer surface of the closed end of the outer cylinder. The rod 17 on the inner cylinder side has a male thread 17a formed on the outer peripheral surface, and this male thread is screwed into a nut 18 fixed to the outside of the hole formed in the closed end of the inner cylinder so that the base part is inside. It faces the cylinder.
[0022]
One of the ball joints, for example, the ball joint 15 at the tip of the inner cylinder side rod 17 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 3 as a base side fixing member by welding or the like, and the other ball joint, For example, the ball joint 14 at the tip of the rod 16 on the outer cylinder side is fixed to the base 26 side of a building to be described later.
[0023]
The vertical adjustment mechanism 2 has a male screw body composed of upper and lower female screw cylinders 19 and 20 having female screw parts 19a and 20a formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof, and a cylinder having a rotation operation part 22 between the upper and lower male screw parts 21a and 21b. 21, and lock nuts 23 a and 23 b are provided between the rotation operation unit 22 and the upper and lower female screw cylinders 19 and 20.
[0024]
The female thread portions 19a and 20a in the upper and lower female screw cylinders 19 and 20 have the screw winding directions opposite to each other, and the upper and lower male screw portions 21a and 21b in the male screw body have the screw winding directions opposite to each other. Thus, by rotating the rotation operation part forward and backward, the upper and lower female screw cylinders are separated or approached so that the entire vertical adjustment mechanism 2 can be expanded and contracted.
[0025]
The rotation operation unit 22 has a hexagonal cross section on the outer peripheral surface, and can be rotated with the same tool as the lock nuts 23a and 23b.
Further, it is preferable that each of the female thread portion, the male screw portion, and the lock nut is a square screw or a trapezoidal screw having high load resistance.
A cross-shaped reinforcing rib 24 is provided on the inner side near the upper end of the upper female screw cylinder 19.
[0026]
The vertical adjustment mechanism 2 having the above-described configuration is used when the upper end of the upper female screw cylinder 19 is connected to the lower surface of the tubular body 3 of the seismic isolation mechanism 1 by welding and the load from the building is large. If necessary, a bracket is provided between the outer surface of the upper female screw cylinder 19 and the lower surface of the cylindrical body 3.
[0027]
Therefore, the apparatus according to the present embodiment is attached to the upper end of a foundation pile 25 such as a steel pipe pile placed on the ground by welding the lower end of the lower female screw cylinder 20 in the vertical adjustment mechanism 2. A building base 26 is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 8 which is a building-side fixing member with a stopper 27 such as a bolt and a nut, and the ball joint 14 on the free end side of the adjuster 9 is connected to the building via a bracket 28. It is fixedly attached to the base 26 which is a member on the side.
The structure other than the support plate 8 and the vertical adjustment mechanism 2 in the seismic isolation mechanism 1 are all foundation-side fixing members.
[0028]
In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 29 shows the pillar of the building attached on the foundation 28, 30 shows the reinforcement material of the foundation in the downward direction of a pillar.
[0029]
The apparatus of the present invention configured as described above supports the base 26 on the foundation pile 25, and more specifically, the building load applied from the base 26 to the support plate 8 includes the steel balls 7 and 7 and the ball receiving plate. 6 and the cylindrical part 8a, it is applied to the buffer member provided with the compression coil spring 4 and the buffer rubber 5, and is further applied to the foundation pile 25 via the cylindrical body 3 and the vertical adjustment mechanism 2.
[0030]
The support plate 8 is supported so as to be displaceable in the horizontal direction with respect to the tubular body 3 by rolling of the steel balls 7 and 7 and elastic deformation of the buffer rubber 5. 3 and an adjuster 9 provided between the base 26 and the base 26.
[0031]
That is, when the ground shakes in the horizontal direction due to an earthquake, the vertical adjustment mechanism 2, the cylindrical body 3, the buffer members 4 and 5, the ball receiving plate 6, and the steel balls 7 and 7 fixed to the foundation pile 25 shake with the ground. However, the buffer members 4 and 5, the steel balls 7 and 7 and the adjusters 9 and 9 function as an isolator that insulates the vibration, and the building is displaced in the horizontal direction relative to the ground together with the support plate 8 by its inertial force. However, the absolute position does not change so much, so the ground shaking is hardly transmitted to the building.
[0032]
When the adjuster 9 is disposed opposite to the left and right in FIG. 1, when one adjuster is extended, the other adjuster is contracted to release the vibration, and the adjuster is in contact with the cylindrical body 3 and the bracket 28. Since these are connected via the ball joints 14 and 15, respectively, it is possible to cope with the shaking in the twisting direction with respect to the foundation pile.
[0033]
Moreover, the vertical shaking of the ground due to the earthquake is absorbed by the buffer members 4 and 5, and the impact on the building is sufficiently mitigated.
[0034]
Therefore, the apparatus of the present invention is configured so that the seismic isolation action can be adjusted with respect to the magnitude of horizontal shaking caused by an earthquake.
That is, the adjuster 9 can adjust the free length of the adjuster as a whole by rotating the rod 17 on the inner cylinder side with respect to the inner cylinder 11, and the seismic isolation is set by setting the free length of the adjuster. The action can be adjusted.
[0035]
More specifically, when the adjuster 9 is set so that the free length of the adjuster 9 is the same as the distance between the cylindrical body 3 and the bracket 28 on the base 26 side, the seismic isolation action is the largest, and therefore the horizontal vibration due to the earthquake is large. Even if is small, the building is displaced with respect to the ground, and the horizontal impact due to the earthquake is not transmitted to the building, but the building continues to weakly shake even if the earthquake shakes.
[0036]
On the other hand, when the adjuster 9 is set so that the free length of the adjuster is larger or smaller than the distance between the cylindrical body 3 and the bracket 28 on the base 26 side, the adjuster 9 exerts a force or pressure to attract the cylindrical body and the base. If the force is large and the seismic isolation does not exceed the specified magnitude, the seismic isolation action will not work, and if the horizontal motion due to the earthquake is very small (for example, if the seismic intensity is less than 3), the building will be ground. The horizontal energy due to the earthquake is transferred to the building, but if the shaking of the earthquake stops, the building stops quickly and the horizontal shaking due to the earthquake has a predetermined value (for example, seismic intensity 3). If exceeded, the building will be displaced against the ground against the spring force of the adjuster 9, and the horizontal impact due to the earthquake will not be transmitted to the building, and damage to the building due to this earthquake impact will not occur. It is locked.
[0037]
The above-mentioned adjustment of the free length of the adjuster 9 is appropriately performed according to the scale of the building, the purpose of use or the ground condition at the time of construction of the building. The free length can be set again after several years.
[0038]
In the adjuster 9 having the above-described configuration, even if the shaking of the earthquake is settled, the minute shaking of the building due to the seismic isolation action remains, and this minute shaking continues until it is completely attenuated by friction. When it is required to quickly attenuate the vibration, an adjuster having a damper function is used, and one specific example is shown in FIG.
[0039]
The adjuster 31 having a damper function includes a partition plate 32 in the outer cylinder 10, and a damper chamber 33 is formed in the outer cylinder by the partition plate 32, and the partition plate and the spring receiving plate 13 of the inner cylinder 11 A piston plate 35 is attached to the other end of the rod 34 having one end fixed to the spring receiving plate 13 and facing the damper chamber, and a plurality of orifices 35a are opened in the piston plate 35. It is as.
[0040]
An appropriate fluid such as oil, nitrogen gas, or a mixed fluid of oil and gas is sealed in the damper chamber 33, and the piston plate is not affected even when a sudden stress is applied to the adjuster 31 in the axial direction. The movement of 35 is regulated by the amount of fluid passing through the orifice to prevent the adjuster from suddenly expanding and contracting, and minute vibrations remaining in the building after the earthquake vibrations are attenuated are also attenuated by the damper.
[0041]
By the way, earthquakes are often accompanied by ground changes, and there are many cases in which buildings are tilted due to unequal settlement caused by earthquakes.
In this way, in the case of uneven settlement in a building, the vertical adjustment mechanism 2 can easily correct the settlement in the apparatus of the present invention configured as described above.
[0042]
Specifically, the amount of settlement at the position of each foundation pile 25 is measured to determine the correction height in each device, the lock nuts 23a and 23b are loosened in each device, and the rotation operation unit 22 is rotated forward and backward. By adjusting the length of the vertical adjustment mechanism according to the required correction height by separating or approaching the upper and lower female screw cylinders 19 and 20, and correcting the settlement by a simple operation of tightening the lock nuts 23a and 23b. This eliminates the need for complicated work such as jacking up buildings.
[0043]
In principle, the apparatus of the present invention constructed as described above is provided around the cylindrical body 3 in the part where the base 26 of the building intersects in a cross shape so that the adjusters 9 and 9 are parallel to each base. However, adjusters cannot be provided in all directions on the outer periphery of the building. Therefore, in the outer peripheral part of the building, as shown in FIG. 5, there are cases where adjusters are provided in three directions along the base around the cylindrical body 3, or a reinforcing material 36 between orthogonal bases called a fired base. In some cases, one end of the adjuster is fixed.
[0044]
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment described above in the configuration of the buffer member, the support plate and the ball receiving plate.
That is, in the first embodiment, the buffer member is constituted by the compression coil spring 4 and the buffer rubber 5, but in the present embodiment, the ball receiving plate 38 is supported only by the compression coil spring 37. In FIG. 6, the compression coil spring 37 has a circular cross section. However, a coil spring having a plate shape with a long cross section may be used. When such a coil spring is used, a spring constant, that is, The load capacity can be increased.
[0045]
Further, in the first embodiment, the ball receiving plate 6 is configured to slide up and down along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 3, but in the present embodiment, the ball receiving plate 38 has a downward outer peripheral edge. A portion 38 a is provided so that the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral edge portion can slide up and down along the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 3.
[0046]
Further, the support plate 39 is formed with a recess 39a on the lower surface, and the curved surface of the recess contacts the upper part of the steel balls 7 and 7, so that the support plate 39 can be displaced in the horizontal direction. There is always a restoring force for the support plate to return to the initial position. Therefore, unlike the first embodiment, it is not necessary to provide a cylindrical portion on the lower surface of the support plate and fit it into the buffer rubber.
[0047]
Further, in the first embodiment, each end of the adjusters 9 is attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 3, but in the present embodiment, it is fixed to the outer periphery of the ball receiving plate 38. The adjuster 9 may have one end attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical body as in the first embodiment.
[0048]
Although the apparatus of the 1st and 2nd Example mentioned above is a structure for supporting a building on the foundation pile 25, the apparatus of this invention is a general stand-alone house where a building is supported on a concrete foundation. FIG. 7 shows a specific example thereof.
[0049]
The apparatus of the present embodiment is provided with only the seismic isolation mechanism without providing the vertical adjustment mechanism in the apparatus of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
Thus, a recess 40a is formed in the upper part of the concrete foundation 40, and a notch 26a is formed in the lower part of the base 26 on the recess, and this embodiment is provided between the recess and the notch. A device is provided.
[0050]
Specifically, a ball receiving plate 42 is fixed to the center of the concave portion of the foundation 40 via a vibration isolating member 41 made of a vibration isolating rubber sheet or the like, and on the steel balls 7 and 7 on the ball receiving plate 42. A support plate 39 is provided, and this support plate 39 is attached to the base 26 via a reinforcing plate 43.
[0051]
Further, one end of each of the adjusters 9, 9 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the ball receiving plate 42, and the other end of each adjuster is fixed to the base bracket.
The structure of the steel ball 7 and the support plate is the same as that of the second embodiment described above.
[0052]
By the way, as shown in FIG. 7, the apparatus of the present embodiment is provided with the base 26 so that an appropriate gap 44 is provided between the lower surface of the base and the upper surface of the concrete foundation 40. It acts as a vent for the contraction allowance and the lower part of the building.
In the apparatus of this embodiment, there is a case where a vertical adjustment mechanism is provided as in the first and second embodiments.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the shock caused by the shaking caused by the earthquake is hardly transmitted to the building by the seismic isolation mechanism, and the building can be prevented from being damaged due to the shaking of the earthquake.
Moreover, by adjusting the adjuster's free length appropriately, it can be set so that the above seismic isolation action starts to work for a given earthquake magnitude (seismic intensity). On the other hand, in the case of a shake that is large enough to prevent the building from being shaken slightly after the earthquake has stopped, by preventing the seismic isolation function from acting, Earthquake energy can be sufficiently attenuated to prevent damage to buildings.
[0054]
Moreover, the vibration in the vertical direction can be absorbed by the buffer member, and a sufficient seismic isolation effect can be obtained even in the case of the vertical vibration in the case of a direct earthquake.
[0055]
Furthermore, with the vertical adjustment mechanism, the height of the device can be accurately adjusted by rotating the rotation operation part forward and backward against unequal settlement of buildings with many cases caused by earthquakes, Accordingly, the settlement can be corrected easily and accurately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a ball receiving plate.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of an adjuster.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of an adjuster.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a construction example of the apparatus according to the present invention from the bottom surface of the building.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seismic isolation mechanism 2 Vertical adjustment mechanism 3 Cylindrical body 4 Compression coil spring 5 Buffer rubber 6 Ball receiving plate 7 Steel ball 8 Support plate 9 Adjuster 10 Outer cylinder 11 Inner cylinder 12 Coil spring 13 Spring receiving plate 14, 15 Ball joint 16 , 17 Rod 18 Nut 19, 20 Female thread cylinder 21 Male thread body 22 Rotating operation part 23a, 23b Lock nut 24 Reinforcement rib 25 Foundation pile 26 Base 27 Stopper 28 Bracket 29 Pillar 30 Reinforcement material 31 Adjuster 32 Partition plate 33 Damper chamber 34 Rod 35 Piston plate 36 Reinforcing material 37 Compression coil spring 38 Ball receiving plate 39 Support plate 40 Concrete foundation 41 Anti-vibration member 42 Ball receiving plate 43 Reinforcing plate 44 Gap

Claims (2)

A seismic isolation support device for supporting a building on a foundation, comprising a shock-absorbing member having elasticity that can be expanded and contracted in a vertical direction in a bottomed cylindrical body having an opening at the top. A base-side fixing member having a plurality of recesses for supporting a plurality of steel balls so as to be capable of rolling individually, and having a ball receiving plate formed with rising edges to prevent the steel balls from dropping off at the outer peripheral portion; A support plate which is a building-side fixing member provided on the steel ball so that it can be displaced in the horizontal direction by rolling in the recess of the steel ball, and between the base-side fixing member and the building member A plurality of adjusters for regulating horizontal displacement between the foundation-side fixing member and the building by the elastic force of the springs are provided via ball joints , and these adjusters include an inner cylinder slidable with respect to each other. In the outer cylinder, compression direction and tension direction A spring which can receive also the load in either direction, the adjuster compression direction of the free length of the spring, be adjustable in any direction tensile direction, by adjusting the free length A seismic isolation support device for buildings that allows you to set the magnitude of earthquake vibrations where seismic isolation begins to work.   Upper and lower female screw cylinders in which female threads with different winding directions are formed on the inner peripheral surface between the foundation-side fixing member and the foundation, and upper and lower female screws with different winding directions are engaged with the female screws of these female screw cylinders. A male screw body formed on the outer peripheral surface of the male screw body, and having a rotation operation unit for rotating the male screw body between the upper and lower male screws on the outer peripheral surface of the male screw body. The seismic isolation support device for a building according to claim 1, wherein a vertical adjustment mechanism is provided in which the upper and lower female screw cylinders are separated or approached by rotating to expand and contract in the vertical direction.

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