JP3729619B2 - Lightweight void filler and rapid void filling method using the same - Google Patents
Lightweight void filler and rapid void filling method using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP3729619B2 JP3729619B2 JP26317897A JP26317897A JP3729619B2 JP 3729619 B2 JP3729619 B2 JP 3729619B2 JP 26317897 A JP26317897 A JP 26317897A JP 26317897 A JP26317897 A JP 26317897A JP 3729619 B2 JP3729619 B2 JP 3729619B2
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008257 shaving cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、土木、建築分野で使用される軽量空隙充填材及びそれを用いた急速空隙充填方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術とその課題】
従来、軽量空隙充填材料は、軽量で、その硬化物が低強度である面から、地下やトンネル背面の空隙、盛土、及び暗渠等の埋め戻し材等に使用されている。
この軽量空隙充填材料を製造する方法としては、モルタルミキサ中でセメント、水、及び起泡剤を激しく攪拌し、空気をモルタル中に巻き込んで分散させる方法等があげられ、現場で発泡させるため輸送コストがかからず、作業性も良好であることから多く使用されている（特開平 9− 77546号公報、裏込め注入工法の設計と施工 1990年６月10日 山海堂出版）。
【０００３】
一方、水が存在する場所に施工する場合等は、気泡が脱泡して安定した気泡モルタルが得られなかったため、凝結剤を用いた裏込充填材が提案されている（特開昭57−143098号公報）。
しかしながら、この裏込充填材は強度発現が遅いために、施工高さが１ｍ以上と深い場所や側圧が加わる構造に施工する場合などは、施工中に気泡が押しつぶされたり、自重により圧密になり、軽量にならないなどの課題があった。
このため、超速硬性気泡モルタルを用いる方法が提案されている（特開平 5−112911号公報）。
しかしながら、この方法では凝結調節が困難で、充填中に気泡が押しつぶされ軽量にならなかったり、急速硬化のため超速硬性気泡モルタルが配管に詰まって長距離圧送ができなかったりして充分な施工ができないという課題があった。
【０００４】
本発明者は、前記課題を解決すべく種々検討を重ねた結果、気泡を含有してなる軽量モルタル、凝結促進剤、及び急結材を別々に送給し、合流混合しながら施工することによって、凝結の調節が容易で、強度発現性の良好な軽量空隙充填材を効率良く製造でき、この軽量空隙充填材を用いることによって、速やかな施工や長距離施工が可能となり、比重 1.2未満の軽量硬化物が得られ、自重が小さく、土の代替にもできるなどの知見を得て本発明を完成するに至った
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は、気泡を含有してなる軽量モルタル、珪酸塩又は硫酸アルミニウム類からなる凝結促進剤、及び急結材を含有してなる軽量空隙充填材であり、該軽量モルタル中のセメント 100重量部に対して、急結材が５〜30重量部である軽量空隙充填材であり、該軽量モルタル、凝結促進剤、及び急結材を別々に送給し、合流混合して施工することを特徴とする急速空隙充填方法である。
【０００６】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【０００７】
本発明で使用する気泡を含有してなる軽量モルタル（以下単に軽量モルタルという）とは、モルタルミキサ中でモルタルと起泡剤とを激しく攪拌して気泡をモルタル中に含有させたものや、起泡剤を水溶液とし、空気と共に発泡器に供給して連続的に製造した、例えば、シェービングクリーム等のような発泡状のものをモルタルと混合したものなどである。
【０００８】
ここで使用するモルタルとは、セメントペースト、セメントモルタル、及びセメントコンクリートを総称するものである。
【０００９】
本発明で使用するセメントは特に限定されるものではなく、通常のセメントが使用可能である。具体的には普通、早強、及び超早強等の各種ポルトランドセメントや、これらポルトランドセメントに、シリカ、スラグ、又はフライアッシュを混合した各種混合セメントの使用が可能である。
【００１０】
起泡剤は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、界面活性剤や動物性蛋白質などが使用可能である。
起泡剤の使用量は特に限定されるものではなく、通常、軽量モルタル中のセメント 100重量部に対して、0.1 〜１重量部が好ましい。0.1 重量部未満では気泡が不安定な場合があり、１重量部を越え使用しても添加効果が期待できない。
起泡剤は、通常、水溶液で使用するが、水溶液の濃度は起泡剤の種類によって異なり、特に限定されるものではなく、通常、１〜10重量％の水溶液を使用することが好ましい。
【００１１】
セメントと混合する水は特に限定されるものではなく、通常、清水の使用が可能である。
水の使用量は特に限定されるものではなく、通常は、セメント 100重量部に対して、40〜 100重量部が好ましい。40重量部未満では流動性が悪くなる場合があり、100 重量部を超えると強度発現が遅れる場合がある。
【００１２】
本発明では、セメント、起泡剤、及び水以外に、骨材や、減水剤、防水剤、及び収縮低減剤等の各種セメント混和材やセメント混和剤の使用が可能である。
【００１３】
本発明で使用する凝結促進剤としては、珪酸塩又は硫酸アルミニウム類が挙げられる。
また、珪酸塩としては、珪酸ナトリウム、水ガラス、及び珪酸カリウム等が挙げられる。
珪酸塩の使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、固形分換算で0.5 〜10重量部が好ましく、１〜５重量部がより好ましい。0.5 重量部未満では良好な凝結性状が得られない場合があり、10重量部を超えて使用しても急結効果が向上せず、その後の長期強度発現が遅れる場合がある。
さらに、硫酸アルミニウム類としては、硫酸アルミニウムやミョウバンなどが挙げられる。
硫酸アルミニウムの使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、固形分換算で５〜30重量部が好ましく、10〜25重量部がより好ましい。５重量部未満では良好な凝結性状が得られない場合があり、30重量部を超えて使用しても急結効果が向上せず、その後の長期強度発現が遅れる場合がある。
ミョウバンとしては、カリミョウバンや仮焼ミョウバンなどが挙げられる。
ミョウバンの使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、固形分換算で0.3 〜10重量部が好ましく、0.5 〜５重量部がより好ましい。0.3 重量部未満では良好な凝結性状が得られない場合があり、10重量部を超えて使用しても急結効果が向上せず、その後の長期強度発現が遅れる場合がある。
【００１４】
本発明で使用する急結材としては、カルシウムアルミネート、又はカルシウムアルミネートと硫酸塩の混合物を使用する。
【００１５】
カルシウムアルミネートとは、CaO 原料やAl2O3 原料などを焼成や溶融など熱処理して生成するもので、化学成分として CaOとAl2O3 を有効成分とするものである。そして、CaO をC 、Al2O3 をA とすると、C12A7 、CA、CA2 、及びC3A 等と示される鉱物組成を主成分とするもので、結晶質、非晶質いずれも使用可能である。これらのうち、非晶質カルシウムアルミネートの使用が好ましい。
本発明ではCaO 原料、Al2O3 原料、及びCaSO4 原料等を使用して生成するカルシウムサルホアルミネートもカルシウムアルミネートと同様使用可能である。
また、SiO2をS とすると、C2ASと示される鉱物組成を有するものも、本発明ではカルシウムアルミネートと同様に使用可能である。
カルシウムアルミネートの粒度はブレーン比表面積で 3,000〜6,000cm2/gが好ましい。3,000cm2/g未満では初期強度が低下する場合があり、6,000cm2/gを越えても効果が期待できない。
【００１６】
硫酸塩としては、硫酸ナトリウムや硫酸カリウムなどのアルカリ金属硫酸塩や、硫酸カルシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属硫酸塩が使用可能であり、これらのうち、硫酸カルシウム（セッコウ）の使用が好ましく、無水セッコウ、特にII型無水セッコウの使用がより好ましい。
硫酸塩の粒度はブレーン比表面積で 3,000〜8,000cm2/gが好ましい。3,000cm2/g未満では初期強度が低下する場合があり、8,000cm2/gを越えても効果が期待できない。
硫酸塩の使用量は、カルシウムアルミネート 100重量部に対して、50〜 200重量部が好ましく、100 〜200 重量部がより好ましい。50重量部未満では強度の伸びが低下する場合があり、200 重量部を越えると膨張性を示す場合がある。
【００１７】
また、急結材の練り置きや圧送性を良くするために、適時、凝結遅延剤を併用することが好ましい。
凝結遅延剤は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、クエン酸、酒石酸、及びグルコン酸等のオキシカルボン酸又はその塩や、炭酸ナトリウムや炭酸カリウムなどの炭酸塩が挙げられ、そのうちの一種又は二種以上が使用可能である。
凝結遅延剤の使用量は特に限定されるものではなく、通常、セメントと急結材の合計 100重量部に対して、0.1 〜２重量部が好ましい。0.1 重量部未満では圧送性が低下する場合があり、２重量部を越えると凝結不良になる場合がある。
【００１８】
急結材は、カルシウムアルミネート、又はカルシウムアルミネートと硫酸塩からなるものであって、その使用量は、セメント 100重量部に対して、５〜30重量部が好ましく、10〜20重量部がより好ましい。５重量部未満では強度発現性が悪くなる場合があり、30重量部を超えると配管を閉塞する場合がある。
【００１９】
これらの凝結促進剤と急結材は均一に混合できる面や輸送しやすさから、水と混合した懸濁液や水溶液にして用いることが好ましい。
混合する水の量は特に限定されるものではなく、通常、凝結促進剤の場合は、凝結促進剤 100重量部に対して、100 〜300 重量部が好ましい。100 重量部未満では懸濁液や水溶液が硬くなり、送給が困難になる場合があり、300 重量部を超えると軽量空隙充填材の流動性が大きくなりすぎて凝結状態が不良になる場合がある。
急結材の場合は、急結材 100重量部に対して、50〜 150重量部が好ましく、70〜100 重量部がより好ましい。50重量部未満では懸濁液又は水溶液が硬くなり、送給が困難になる場合があり、150 重量部を超えると軽量空隙充填材の流動性が大きくなりすぎ、気泡が不安定になり、消泡して泡が大きくなったり、脱泡して比重が大きくなったりする場合がある。
【００２０】
本発明では、軽量モルタル、凝結促進剤、及びカルシウムアルミネートを含有する急結材を混合して軽量空隙充填材とする。
【００２１】
軽量モルタル、凝結促進剤、及び急結材の混合方法としては、均一に混合できれば特に限定されるものではなく、通常のミキサを使用することが可能であり、凝結時間を短くする場合や施工性を考えた場合、軽量モルタル、凝結促進剤、及び急結材を別々に送給し、合流混合しながら施工するのが好ましい。
【００２２】
凝結促進剤と急結材の混合順序や添加位置は特に限定されるものではない。混合順序は両者がほぼ同時か凝結促進剤を先に混合するのが好ましく、凝結促進剤を軽量モルタルと混合してから圧送することも可能である。軽量モルタルと凝結促進剤を混合後、30cm以内で急結材を合流混合し直ちに施工することがより好ましい。軽量モルタルと凝結促進剤を混合後、急結材を合流混合するまでの時間が長いと混合物の粘度が高くなる可能性がある。
【００２３】
合流混合の方法としては、Ｙ字管等の混合管を使用する方法、二重管を使用する方法、及び凝結促進剤と急結材の懸濁液をシャワー状に合流混合させるインレットピースを使用する方法等がある。
さらに、凝結促進剤と急結材とを送給する管の途中に空気を供給して、軽量モルタルと、凝結促進剤と急結材の懸濁液を添加混合する方法は、軽量モルタル、凝結促進剤、及び急結材の合流混合が速やかに行われ、混合管内に軽量空隙充填材が付着するなどのトラブルも防げて好ましい。
また、合流混合後の管中にスパイラル状のミキサを設置してさらに混合する方法も可能である。
【００２４】
軽量空隙充填材の混合が充分で、混合後速やかに打設すれば、長時間連続して混合しても配管内に軽量空隙充填材が付着することなく連続施工が可能であるが、混合が不充分だと、部分的に急結するものがあり、それが配管中で硬化して配管を閉塞するおそれがある。
【００２５】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例に基づいてさらに説明する。
【００２６】
実施例１
セメント 100重量部、骨材 200重量部、及び水80重量部をミキサーで混練して製造したモルタルに、起泡剤水溶液８重量部と高圧空気で製造した気泡を混入して軽量モルタルを製造した。
一方、急結材 100重量部、凝結遅延剤４重量部、及び水 100重量部を混合して懸濁液を調製した。
セメント 100重量部に対して、表１に示す混合割合になるように凝結促進剤を圧送して合流混合し、その後10cm以内で、別に圧送した急結材含有の懸濁液を、セメント 100重量部に対して、急結材が15重量部になるように混合管で合流混合し、直ちに打設した。
その後、無駆動ラインミキサで混合しながら連続的に軽量空隙充填材とし、５ｍの高さに打設した。
軽量空隙充填材の連続操業時間と比重を測定した。結果を表１に示す。
【００２７】
＜使用材料＞
セメント ：高炉セメントＢ種、市販品
骨材 ：７号珪砂、市販品
水 ：水道水
起泡剤 ：市販品、界面活性剤系、濃度４重量％に希釈
凝結促進剤ｂ：水ガラス、市販品
凝結促進剤ｃ：硫酸アルミニウム、市販品
凝結促進剤ｄ：カリミョウバン、市販品
急結材 ：C１２A７ 主成分、非晶質カルシウムアルミネート／無水セッコウの重 量比が１／1.5 混合品
凝結遅延剤：クエン酸と炭酸カリウムの混合品
【００２８】
＜測定方法＞
連続操業時間：軽量空隙充填材を連続して製造した時の時間
比重 ：充填28日後底部と上部から10×10×10cm供試体を切出し測定
【００２９】
【表１】
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
本発明の軽量空隙充填材を用いることにより、気泡が安定で軽量なモルタルが製造でき、しかも、３〜４時間程度の長時間連続施工、大量施工、側圧が加わる構造への施工、への適用可能となった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lightweight gap filler used in the civil engineering and construction fields, and a rapid gap filling method using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Conventionally, light-weight void filling materials are used for backfill materials such as voids, embankments, and culverts in the basement and the back of tunnels because of their light weight and low cured strength.
As a method for producing this lightweight gap filling material, there is a method in which cement, water, and a foaming agent are vigorously stirred in a mortar mixer and air is entrained and dispersed in the mortar. It is often used because it is inexpensive and has good workability (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-77546, design and construction of backfill injection method, June 10, 1990, published by Sankaido).
[0003]
On the other hand, when the construction is performed in a place where water is present, bubbles have been defoamed and stable foam mortar has not been obtained. Therefore, a backfilling material using a coagulant has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-57). No. 143098).
However, since the strength of this backfill material is slow, when the construction height is 1m or more and the construction is applied in a deep place or a structure where lateral pressure is applied, bubbles are crushed during construction or become compacted by its own weight. There were problems such as not becoming lightweight.
For this reason, a method using super-hard hard foam mortar has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-112911).
However, with this method, it is difficult to control the setting, and bubbles are not crushed during filling, so it does not become lighter. There was a problem that it was not possible.
[0004]
As a result of various studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor separately supplies light weight mortar containing bubbles, a setting accelerator, and a quick setting material, and constructs them while combining and mixing them. It is possible to efficiently produce a lightweight gap filler with easy setting control and good strength development. By using this lightweight gap filler, quick construction and long-distance construction are possible, and the specific gravity is less than 1.2. Obtained knowledge that a cured product was obtained, its own weight was small, and could replace soil, and the present invention was completed.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is a lightweight mortar containing bubbles, a setting accelerator made of silicate or aluminum sulfate , and a lightweight void filler containing a rapid setting material, and cement 100 in the lightweight mortar. It is a lightweight gap filler in which the quick setting material is 5 to 30 parts by weight with respect to parts by weight, and the light weight mortar, the setting accelerator, and the quick setting material are separately fed, combined, mixed and applied. Is a rapid gap filling method characterized by the following.
[0006]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0007]
The lightweight mortar containing bubbles used in the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as lightweight mortar) is a mortar mixer in which mortar and foaming agent are vigorously stirred to contain bubbles in the mortar. For example, a foaming agent such as a shaving cream or the like mixed with mortar is continuously produced by supplying a foaming agent into an aqueous solution and supplying the foaming agent together with air.
[0008]
The mortar used here is a general term for cement paste, cement mortar, and cement concrete.
[0009]
The cement used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and ordinary cement can be used. Specifically, various Portland cements such as normal, early strength, and super early strength, and various mixed cements in which silica, slag, or fly ash is mixed with these Portland cements can be used.
[0010]
The foaming agent is not particularly limited, and for example, surfactants and animal proteins can be used.
The amount of the foaming agent is not particularly limited, and usually 0.1 to 1 part by weight is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement in the lightweight mortar. If it is less than 0.1 part by weight, the bubbles may be unstable, and even if it exceeds 1 part by weight, the effect of addition cannot be expected.
The foaming agent is usually used in an aqueous solution, but the concentration of the aqueous solution varies depending on the type of foaming agent and is not particularly limited, and it is usually preferable to use an aqueous solution of 1 to 10% by weight.
[0011]
The water mixed with the cement is not particularly limited, and it is usually possible to use fresh water.
The amount of water used is not particularly limited, and is usually preferably 40 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. If it is less than 40 parts by weight, the fluidity may be deteriorated, and if it exceeds 100 parts by weight, the development of strength may be delayed.
[0012]
In the present invention, various cement admixtures and cement admixtures such as an aggregate, a water reducing agent, a waterproofing agent, and a shrinkage reducing agent can be used in addition to cement, a foaming agent, and water.
[0013]
The setting accelerator for use in the present invention, Ru include silicates or aluminum sulfate compound.
Also, as the silicate, sodium silicate, water glass, and potassium silicate, and the like.
The amount of silicate used is preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, in terms of solid content, with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 0.5 parts by weight, a good setting property may not be obtained. Even if the amount exceeds 10 parts by weight, the rapid setting effect may not be improved, and the subsequent long-term strength development may be delayed.
Furthermore, examples of aluminum sulfates include aluminum sulfate and alum.
The amount of aluminum sulfate used is preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 25 parts by weight, in terms of solid content, per 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, a good setting property may not be obtained. Even if the amount exceeds 30 parts by weight, the rapid setting effect may not be improved, and the subsequent long-term strength development may be delayed.
Examples of alum include potash alum and calcined alum.
The amount of alum used is preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight in terms of solid content, with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 0.3 part by weight may good condensation properties can not be obtained, even when used in excess of 10 parts by weight does not improve the rapid setting effect, there Ru when behind the subsequent long-term strength development.
[0014]
As the quick setting material used in the present invention, calcium aluminate or a mixture of calcium aluminate and sulfate is used.
[0015]
Calcium aluminate is produced by calcining or melting a CaO raw material or an Al 2 O 3 raw material, and contains CaO and Al 2 O 3 as chemical components. When CaO is C and Al 2 O 3 is A, the main component is a mineral composition such as C 12 A 7 , CA, CA 2 , C 3 A, etc. Can also be used. Of these, the use of amorphous calcium aluminate is preferred.
In the present invention, calcium sulfoaluminate produced by using a CaO raw material, an Al 2 O 3 raw material, a CaSO 4 raw material, or the like can be used in the same manner as calcium aluminate.
Further, when SiO 2 is S, those having a mineral composition indicated as C 2 AS can be used in the present invention in the same manner as calcium aluminate.
The particle size of calcium aluminate is preferably 3,000 to 6,000 cm 2 / g in terms of Blaine specific surface area. If it is less than 3,000 cm 2 / g, the initial strength may decrease, and if it exceeds 6,000 cm 2 / g, no effect can be expected.
[0016]
As sulfates, alkali metal sulfates such as sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate, and alkaline earth metal sulfates such as calcium sulfate can be used. Of these, calcium sulfate (gypsum) is preferred, and anhydrous gypsum is preferred. In particular, the use of type II anhydrous gypsum is more preferred.
The particle size of the sulfate is preferably 3,000 to 8,000 cm 2 / g in terms of Blaine specific surface area. If it is less than 3,000 cm 2 / g, the initial strength may decrease, and if it exceeds 8,000 cm 2 / g, no effect can be expected.
The amount of sulfate used is preferably 50 to 200 parts by weight, more preferably 100 to 200 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of calcium aluminate. If it is less than 50 parts by weight, the elongation of the strength may be lowered, and if it exceeds 200 parts by weight, it may show expansibility.
[0017]
Further, in order to improve the kneading of the rapid setting material and the pumpability, it is preferable to use a setting retarder together in a timely manner.
The setting retarder is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include oxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, tartaric acid, and gluconic acid or salts thereof, and carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate. More than species can be used.
The amount of the setting retarder is not particularly limited, and usually 0.1 to 2 parts by weight is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight of the cement and the rapid setting material. If it is less than 0.1 part by weight, the pumpability may be lowered, and if it exceeds 2 parts by weight, the setting may be poor.
[0018]
The quick setting material is composed of calcium aluminate, or calcium aluminate and sulfate, and its use amount is preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, and 10 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. More preferred. If it is less than 5 parts by weight, the strength development may be deteriorated, and if it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the piping may be blocked.
[0019]
These coagulation accelerators and quick setting materials are preferably used in the form of a suspension or aqueous solution mixed with water from the viewpoint of uniform mixing and ease of transport.
The amount of water to be mixed is not particularly limited. Usually, in the case of a setting accelerator, 100 to 300 parts by weight is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight of the setting accelerator. If the amount is less than 100 parts by weight, the suspension or aqueous solution may become hard and may be difficult to feed.If the amount exceeds 300 parts by weight, the fluidity of the lightweight gap filler may become too high, resulting in poor condensation. is there.
In the case of the quick setting material, 50 to 150 parts by weight is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight of the quick setting material, and 70 to 100 parts by weight is more preferable. If the amount is less than 50 parts by weight, the suspension or aqueous solution may become hard and difficult to feed.If the amount exceeds 150 parts by weight, the fluidity of the lightweight gap filler becomes too high, and the bubbles become unstable and disappear. In some cases, bubbles may increase in size, or bubbles may degas and increase in specific gravity.
[0020]
In the present invention, a lightweight mortar, a setting accelerator, and a rapid setting material containing calcium aluminate are mixed to obtain a lightweight void filler.
[0021]
The method of mixing the lightweight mortar, setting accelerator, and quick setting material is not particularly limited as long as it can be uniformly mixed. A normal mixer can be used, and the setting time can be shortened or workability can be reduced. In consideration of the above, it is preferable that the light weight mortar, the setting accelerator, and the quick setting material are separately fed and applied while being mixed and mixed.
[0022]
There are no particular restrictions on the mixing order or addition position of the setting accelerator and rapid setting material. It is preferable that the mixing order is almost the same or the setting accelerator is mixed first, and the setting accelerator can be mixed with a lightweight mortar and then pumped. More preferably, after mixing the lightweight mortar and the setting accelerator, the quick setting material is combined and mixed within 30 cm and immediately applied. If the time from mixing the lightweight mortar and the setting accelerator to merging and mixing the quick setting material is long, the viscosity of the mixture may increase.
[0023]
As a method of merging and mixing, a method using a mixing tube such as a Y-shaped tube, a method using a double tube, and an inlet piece that merges and mixes a suspension of a setting accelerator and a rapid setting material in a shower shape are used. There are ways to do this.
Furthermore, the method of adding light and mixing the suspension of the setting accelerator and the rapid setting material by supplying air in the middle of the pipe for feeding the setting accelerator and the rapid setting material is the lightweight mortar and the setting condition. The accelerating agent and the quick setting material are preferably mixed and mixed quickly, and troubles such as adhesion of a lightweight gap filler in the mixing tube can be prevented.
Further, a method of further mixing by installing a spiral mixer in the pipe after the merging and mixing is also possible.
[0024]
If the lightweight gap filler is sufficiently mixed and placed immediately after mixing, continuous construction is possible without the lightweight gap filler adhering to the pipe even if mixing is continued for a long time. If it is insufficient, there is a part that quickly sets, which may harden in the pipe and block the pipe.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, further description will be made based on examples of the present invention.
[0026]
Example 1
A lightweight mortar was manufactured by mixing 8 parts by weight of a foaming agent aqueous solution and bubbles produced by high-pressure air into a mortar manufactured by kneading 100 parts by weight of cement, 200 parts by weight of aggregate, and 80 parts by weight of water with a mixer. .
On the other hand, a suspension was prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of a quick setting material, 4 parts by weight of a setting retarder, and 100 parts by weight of water.
Condensation accelerators are pumped to the mixing ratio shown in Table 1 with 100 parts by weight of cement, and then mixed and mixed, and then within 10 cm, a suspension containing the quick setting material that has been pumped separately is added to 100 parts by weight of cement. The mixture was mixed and mixed in a mixing tube so that the quick setting material was 15 parts by weight, and immediately placed.
Then, while mixing with a non-driving line mixer, it was continuously made into a lightweight gap filling material and placed at a height of 5 m.
The continuous operation time and specific gravity of the lightweight void filler were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0027]
<Materials used>
Cement: blast furnace slag cement B species, commercially Aggregate: No. 7 silica sand, commercially available Water: Tap water frother: commercially available surfactant system, the concentration of 4 wt% dilution
Coagulation binding promoter b: water glass, commercially available setting accelerator c: aluminum sulfate, commercially available set accelerators d: potassium alum, commercially available quick-material: C 12 A 7 main component, amorphous calcium aluminate / anhydride Gypsum weight ratio is 1 / 1.5 Mixture Setting retarder: Mixture of citric acid and potassium carbonate 【0028】
<Measurement method>
Continuous operation time: Time specific gravity when light-weight void filler is continuously manufactured: Cut out 10 × 10 × 10 cm specimen from bottom and top after filling 28 days [0029]
[Table 1]
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
By using the lightweight gap filler of the present invention, it is possible to produce a stable and lightweight mortar, and it can be applied to continuous construction for a long time of about 3 to 4 hours, mass construction, construction to a structure where lateral pressure is applied, and so on. It has become possible.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26317897A JP3729619B2 (en) | 1997-09-29 | 1997-09-29 | Lightweight void filler and rapid void filling method using the same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26317897A JP3729619B2 (en) | 1997-09-29 | 1997-09-29 | Lightweight void filler and rapid void filling method using the same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11100250A JPH11100250A (en) | 1999-04-13 |
| JP3729619B2 true JP3729619B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
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