JP3713947B2 - Lead acid battery - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3713947B2
JP3713947B2 JP06807198A JP6807198A JP3713947B2 JP 3713947 B2 JP3713947 B2 JP 3713947B2 JP 06807198 A JP06807198 A JP 06807198A JP 6807198 A JP6807198 A JP 6807198A JP 3713947 B2 JP3713947 B2 JP 3713947B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrode plate
battery case
battery
lead
cell
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JP06807198A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11265727A (en
Inventor
浩 松山
章二 堀江
誠二 安齊
和吉 米津
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鉛蓄電池、特に自動車用鉛蓄電池に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の自動車用鉛蓄電池におけるセルの構成としては、正極板/負極板の構成枚数をn枚/n+1枚(nは自然数)として負極板を1枚多くした構成が一般的に行われているが、活物質の利用率を向上させる取り組みによって、セルを構成する極板枚数を合理化する中で負極板を1枚削減したn枚/n枚の構成、あるいは2枚削減したn枚/n−1枚の構成のものが用いられるようになってきている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の鉛蓄電池にあっては、正極板/負極板の構成枚数をn枚/n枚とした場合、セルを電槽へ収納するのに、その収納方向に特別な配慮が必要であることがわかってきた。
【0004】
特に、高温雰囲気下で使用される自動車用鉛蓄電池の場合、電槽の両側端に収納されたセルは、他の部分に収納されたセルよりも自動車のエンジン等から発生する熱の影響を受け易いという問題点があった。特に、電槽の側部に収納するセルの極板において、電槽側壁に対向する極板が、比較的熱の影響を受け易い正極板である場合に、この影響が顕著になる。しかも、鉛蓄電池とエンジン、あるいは他の発熱体との位置関係により、これら両側端に収納されているセルの間でも熱の影響が異なるために、各セルの特性のばらつきが大となり、比較的早期に短寿命となることがあるという問題点もあった。
【0005】
また、通常、自動車用鉛蓄電池は使用中に電解液量が減少し、性能に悪影響を及ぼすために、電解液面のレベルをチェックする手段が必要である。一般的には、電解液面が透視可能な材質により電槽を形成し、それに液面線を表示し、電解液面と電槽に表示された液面線との相対位置関係によってチェックすることが広く行われてきている。
【0006】
このような場合に、電槽側壁に対向する極板が正極板であると、負極板およびセパレータの色調が灰色から灰白色の同系色であり、正極板の色調が濃褐色であるために、極板面と平行な電槽側壁と平行でない側壁との色調が著しく異なり、鉛蓄電池の商品としての意匠的外観を著しく損うとともに、正極板の色調に紛らされることにより、電解液面を透視することが困難になるという問題点があった。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の問題点を解決するために、本発明にあっては、電槽の側壁と平行な隔壁により複数に区画した単電槽に、同一枚数の正極板と袋状に形成したセパレータに収納した負極板の複数を交互に並列したセルを収納し、両側端に位置する単電槽に収納したセルは、袋状のセパレータに収納した負極板を電槽側壁と対向させ、正極板を隔壁と対向させた鉛蓄電池とし、好ましくは収納したセルが透視可能な材質により電槽を形成する。これにより、熱の影響を受け易い正極板を、外部の熱を多く吸収する電槽の側壁部から隔離し、熱の影響を受け難い負極板を電槽の側壁と対向させることとしている。
【0008】
そして、正極板の性能が熱により劣化されることを防止できるので、複数のセルにおける正極板および負極板の性能のばらつきが抑制され、高温の雰囲気でも複数のセルの寿命特性の異なりがなくなって寿命を向上させることができ、また、電槽側壁に近く位置する負極板の色調と電槽の色調とは同じ系統にし易く、意匠的にも電極液面の透視の上からも効果的となる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、電槽の側壁と平行な隔壁により複数に区画した単電槽に、同一枚数の正極板および負極板をセパレータを介して交互に並列したセルを、隔壁と平行にして収納し、両側端に位置する単電槽に収納したセルは、負極板を電槽側壁と対向させ、正極板を隔壁と対向させたものである。
【0010】
複数のセルを並列している鉛蓄電池を、高温の雰囲気で使用した場合、電槽側壁から熱を吸収するので、高温の熱の影響を受けるセルは、電槽側壁に近いセル、すなわち両側端に位置するセルである。また、正極板は熱の影響を受けて性能を劣化し易いので、正極板が劣化することによりそのセル寿命が劣化し、その結果、電池寿命も劣化して短縮される。
【0011】
しかし、両側端に位置する単電槽に収納したセルは、負極板を電槽側壁と対向させ、正極板を隔壁と対向させることにより、両側端に位置するセルにおいては、熱に影響され易い正極板は電槽側壁より離れている隔壁側に位置されるので、正極板の熱による性能劣化を防止することができ、それぞれのセルの性能も同等となって電池寿命を向上させることができる。
【0012】
また、セパレータを袋状に形成し、これに負極板を収納したものである。
【0013】
そして、正極板と負極板との電気的隔離を確実にすることができ、正極板を袋状のセパレータに収納した場合は、濃褐色と色調が目立つ正極板を、負極板および電解液と色調が同系統のセパレータにより被覆するので、電解液面が透視し易くなり、意匠的にも効果的となる。また、負極板を袋状のセパレータに収納した場合は、負極板の色調が電解液のそれにより類似するようになり、電解液面の透視確認が確実にできるようになる。
【0014】
さらに、電槽をポリプロピレン−ポリエチレン共重合体,ポリプロピレン樹脂のような内部が透視し易い材質により形成することにより、収納したセルを可視し易くなり、電解液面の確認を確実に行うことができる。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について、図1ないし図7を参照して説明する。
【0016】
鉛−カルシウム−錫系合金を圧延した鉛シートの長手方向に複数のスリットを入れた後、この圧延した鉛シートのスリット部を展開伸長してエキスパンド網目部を形成し、エキスパンド格子とした。このエキスパンド格子の網目部にペースト状の活物質を塗着して充填し、ついで単一の大きさの極板に切断加工して後、熟成乾燥の処理工程を経て鉛蓄電池用極板を作成した。
【0017】
ここで、正極板に用いた鉛シートは、耐酸化性を考慮して1.3重量%の錫を含有する鉛−錫−カルシウム系合金により形成し、負極板に用いた鉛シートは、耐酸化性をそれほど要求されないことから、エキスパンド加工を容易にするために0.3重量%の錫を含有する鉛−錫−カルシウム系合金により形成した。また、特に、正極板については、耐過放電性能を考慮して鉛シートのエキスパンド網目部を形成する部分に、鉛−アンチモン系合金の薄膜を圧着したものを用いた。また、微孔性ポリエチレンからなるシート状のセパレータはU字状に折り曲げ、重ね合わせた左右両端を溶着することにより袋状セパレータとした。
【0018】
次に、セルの構成について、図1を参照して説明する。袋状セパレータ1には正極板2を1枚収納することにより袋詰め正極板3を形成し、この袋詰め正極板3を5枚、負極板4を5枚用い、それぞれを順次並列して極板群とし、同極性の極板同士の極板耳5,5′をそれぞれ集合溶接して正極ストラップ6,負極ストラップ6′を形成することによりセル7を作成した。この正極ストラップ6には、極板耳5の集合溶接時に鉛−アンチモン合金からなる鉛合金製の接続体部品8を、また負極ストラップ6’には、極板耳5’の集合溶接時に鉛−アンチモン合金からなる鉛合金製の極柱部品9を、それぞれ一体に溶接している。なお、正極板2と負極板4との枚数が、いずれも同枚数の5枚であるために、セル7を構成する両端部の極板の一方は正極板2、他方は負極板4の構成となっている。
【0019】
次に図2に示すような、セル10を作成した。セル7においては、正極板2を袋状セパレータ1に収納して袋詰め正極板3としているが、セル10の場合は、負極板4を袋状セパレータ1に収納して袋詰め負極板11としていて、その点以外は同一の構成となっている。図2において、12,12’は極板耳、13は正極ストラップ、13’は負極ストラップ、14は接続体部品、15は極柱部品である。
【0020】
これらのセル7、あるいはセル10を用いて図3,図4,図5および図6に示した構成の55D23形の自動車用鉛蓄電池を作成した。
【0021】
図3において、モノブロック電槽16には隔壁17により6個のセル室18,19,20,21,22,23が形成され、隔壁17がセルを形成する極板と平行に設けられているので、各セル室18〜23は、極板の重ね合わせ方向に一列状態に並列して形成されている。この一列状態に並列されたセル室18〜23の内、両端部に位置するセル室18,23には図1に示したセル7が収納されているが、一方の端部に位置する負極板4が極板面と平行な電槽側壁24に対向し、他方の端部に位置する袋詰め正極板3が隔壁17に対向するようにして収納されている。この自動車用鉛蓄電池を電池Aとした。
【0022】
なお、モノブロック電槽16は、酸化チタンを0.06重量%含有するポリプロピレンとポリエチレンとの共重合体からなり、電槽側壁24の厚みが3.5mmで、電槽外部から電解液面が透視できるようにしている。
【0023】
図4において、両端部に位置するセル室18,23にはセル7が収納され、袋詰め正極板3が電槽側壁24に対向し、負極板4が隔壁17に対向するようにして収納されている。この自動車用鉛蓄電池を比較例電池Bとした。
【0024】
図5において、両端部に位置するセル室は18,23にはセル10が収納され、一方の端部に位置する袋詰め負極板11が電槽側壁24に対向し、他方の端部に位置する正極板2が隔壁17に対向するようにして収納されている。この自動車用鉛蓄電池を実施例電池Cとした。
【0025】
図6において、両端部に位置するセル室18,23にはセル10が収納され、正極板2が電槽側壁24に対向し、袋詰め負極板11が隔壁17に対向するようにして収納されている。この自動車用鉛蓄電池を比較例電池Dとした。
【0026】
これらの電池A,B,C,Dは、モノブロック電槽16に蓋体25を液密に熱溶着するとともに、正極側の極柱部品と負極側の極柱部品とは、蓋に設けた端子用の鉛ブッシングに挿入した状態で鉛ブッシングと溶接して正極端子26,負極端子27を形成した後、蓋体25に設けた各セル室に対応する液口より希硫酸電解液を注液し、ついで、通電化成し、電解液面と比重とを調整した後に液口に液口栓28を装着してそれぞれ完成電池として試験に供した。
【0027】
これらの電池A,B,C,Dについて、75℃雰囲気下でJIS−D5301に記載された充放電条件により、JIS軽負荷寿命試験を行った。寿命試験に当たっては、図7に示すように、電槽側壁24の一方に50mmの間隔を設けて幅および高さが300mm、厚さが50mmで90℃に一定保温した熱板29を配置し、電池が実際に車両に搭載された状態を再現して試験している。
【0028】
なお、寿命判定は、356Aの電流で試験電池を30秒間放電し、30秒目の放電末期電圧が7.2V以下になった時点を寿命とし、それまでの充放電サイクル数を寿命サイクル数とした。
【0029】
前記のJIS軽負荷寿命試験による結果は、電池Bの寿命サイクル数を100とした時の指数で表すと表1に示す通りであった。
【0030】
【表1】
【0031】
表1に示した結果から、電池AおよびCは、比較例電池BおよびDと比較して寿命が伸長しているが、これは熱の影響を受け易い正極板2がモノブロック電槽16の内部に位置して電池外部の熱が伝わらないようにしていることに起因すると思われる。
【0032】
次に、これらの試験終了後の各試験電池について、各セルのセル電圧が測定できるように端子を取り出し、JIS軽負荷寿命試験による試験をした時に容量を確認をした放電電流値の356Aで放電し、放電30秒目のセル電圧を測定した結果は表2に示す通りである。なお、セル番号は、前記の熱板29と隣接する側のセルをNo.1セルとし、セル列順に番号付けし、熱板29より最も離れているセルをNo.6とした。
【0033】
【表2】
【0034】
表2に示した結果から、各試験電池において、熱板29と隣接するNo.1セルの電圧が最も低いことから、熱による容量劣化が最も進行し、電池全体の寿命を決定付けていることがわかる。また、電池Aおよび実施例電池Cにおいては、セルNo.1とそれ以外のセルNo.2〜6とのセル電圧差が0.15〜0.25Vの範囲であるが、比較例電池BおよびDにおいては、0.75〜1.00Vの範囲と偏差が大きくなっている。これは電池Aおよび実施例電池Cを構成するセルにおいては、熱の影響が正極板2には及び難くしていることから、電圧のばらつきが低減され、その結果、電池全体として短寿命になることを抑制できたと考えられる。
【0035】
また、電池Aにおいては、負極板4が電槽側壁24に対向し、実施例電池Cにおいては、袋詰め負極板11が電槽側壁24に対向しているので、極板面に平行な電槽側壁24からは、灰色から灰白色の同系色の色調を有する負極板4あるいは負極板4を収納する袋状セパレータ1を透視することはできるが、電槽側壁24から離れた隔壁17の側に位置する一般に濃褐色の色調を有する正極板2は透視することができなく、電解液面の視認性が良好になる。また、一般的には、負極板4および袋状セパレータ1との色調は、無色透明の電解液、および自動車用鉛蓄電池に使用されている白色の電槽の色調と同系色であるので、電池の外観を損なうこともなくなる。
【0036】
なお、この実施例においては、正極板2および負極板4のエキスパンド格子として鉛−錫−カルシウム系合金を用い、さらに、正極板2のエキスパンド格子については、その表面に鉛−アンチモン系合金の薄膜を圧着しているが、例えば正極板2のエキスパンド格子として鉛−アンチモン系合金を用い、負極板4のエキスパンド格子として鉛−カルシウム系合金を用いたり、あるいは正極板2および負極板4のエキスパンド格子ともに鉛−アンチモン系合金を用いたりしても、同様の効果が得られることは言うまでもない。
【0037】
また、モノブロック電槽16の材料としてはポリプロピレン−ポリエチレン共重合体を用いたが、ポリプロピレン樹脂単独でも用いることができる。また、電解液面を電槽外部から透視できるようにするには、電槽側壁24の厚みは3.5mm以下とすることが好ましく、また、電槽材料中に、強度保持や耐候性向上の目的で、例えばチタンの酸化物等を添加する場合には、その添加量としては0.06重量%以下とすることが透視性の面から望ましい。
【0038】
さらに、この実施例では、遊離の電解液を潤沢に有する自動車用鉛蓄電池の場合について述べたが、遊離の電解液を殆ど有さない密閉形の鉛蓄電池の場合においても、短寿命化を抑制する効果が得られる。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上説明したような形態で実施され、鉛蓄電池を高温の雰囲気で使用した時に発生する短寿命化を抑制することができ、また、電槽より内部を透視することにより電解液面の視認性を良好に保つことができ、さらに電槽から透視される極板群の色調を統一することにより電池自体の外観を良好に保つことができる効果を奏し、その工業的価値は極めて大きいものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例における鉛蓄電池のセルの構成を示す斜視図
【図2】本発明の実施例における鉛蓄電池の別のセルの構成を示す斜視図
【図3】本発明の実施例における自動車用鉛蓄電池の要部切欠側面図
【図4】比較例における自動車用鉛蓄電池の要部切欠側面図
【図5】本発明の他の実施例における自動車用鉛蓄電池の要部切欠側面図
【図6】他の比較例における自動車用鉛蓄電池の要部切欠側面図
【図7】実施例および比較例における自動車用鉛蓄電池の寿命試験の説明図
【符号の説明】
1 袋状セパレータ
2 正極板
3 袋詰め正極板
4 負極板
7,10 セル
11 袋詰め負極板
16 モノブロック電槽
17 隔壁
18,19,20,21,22,23 セル室(単電槽)
24 電槽側壁
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lead-acid battery, particularly a lead-acid battery for automobiles.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a cell configuration in a conventional lead-acid battery for automobiles, a configuration in which the number of positive electrode plates / negative electrode plates is n / n + 1 (n is a natural number) and one negative electrode plate is generally used. In an effort to improve the utilization rate of the active material, the number of electrode plates constituting the cell is streamlined to reduce the number of negative electrode plates by one or n, or two by reducing n / n-1. A sheet configuration has been used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a conventional lead-acid battery, when the number of positive electrode plates / negative electrode plates is n / n, special consideration must be given to the storage direction in order to store the cells in the battery case. I understand.
[0004]
In particular, in the case of an automotive lead-acid battery used in a high-temperature atmosphere, the cells stored on both ends of the battery case are more affected by the heat generated by the engine of the vehicle than the cells stored in other parts. There was a problem that it was easy. In particular, in the electrode plate of the cell housed in the side portion of the battery case, this effect becomes significant when the electrode plate facing the battery case side wall is a positive electrode plate that is relatively susceptible to heat. In addition, due to the positional relationship between the lead-acid battery and the engine or other heating element, the effect of heat is different between the cells housed on both sides, resulting in large variations in the characteristics of each cell. There was also a problem that the life could be shortened early.
[0005]
Also, lead acid batteries for automobiles usually require a means for checking the level of the electrolyte in order to reduce the amount of electrolyte during use and adversely affect performance. In general, the battery case is made of a material that allows the electrolyte surface to be seen through, the liquid level line is displayed on the battery case, and the check is made based on the relative positional relationship between the electrolyte level and the liquid level line displayed on the battery case. Has been widely practiced.
[0006]
In such a case, if the electrode plate facing the battery case side wall is a positive electrode plate, the color tone of the negative electrode plate and the separator is a similar color from gray to grayish white, and the color tone of the positive electrode plate is dark brown. The color tone of the side wall of the battery case parallel to the plate surface and the side wall not parallel to the plate surface are remarkably different, and the design appearance as a lead-acid battery product is significantly impaired. There was a problem that it was difficult to see through.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the same number of positive plates and separators formed in a bag shape are accommodated in a single battery case partitioned into a plurality by partition walls parallel to the side walls of the battery case. A cell in which a plurality of negative electrode plates are alternately arranged in parallel and stored in a single battery case located at both ends is arranged so that the negative electrode plate stored in a bag-shaped separator faces the battery case side wall, and the positive electrode plate is used as a partition wall. The battery case is formed of a material that allows the lead-acid battery to face each other, and preferably allows the contained cell to be seen through. Accordingly, the positive electrode plate that is easily affected by heat is isolated from the side wall portion of the battery case that absorbs a large amount of external heat, and the negative electrode plate that is not easily affected by heat is opposed to the side wall of the battery case.
[0008]
And since the performance of the positive electrode plate can be prevented from being deteriorated by heat, the dispersion of the performance of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate in a plurality of cells is suppressed, and the difference in the life characteristics of the plurality of cells is eliminated even in a high temperature atmosphere. The service life can be improved, and the color tone of the negative electrode plate located near the side wall of the battery case and the color tone of the battery case can be easily made the same system, which is effective from the perspective of the design and the electrode liquid level. .
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, in a single battery case divided into a plurality of partitions by a partition wall parallel to the side wall of the battery case, accommodates cells in which the same number of positive and negative electrode plates are alternately arranged in parallel with a separator in parallel with the partition wall, The cells housed in the single battery case located at both ends are those in which the negative electrode plate faces the battery case side wall and the positive electrode plate faces the partition wall.
[0010]
When a lead-acid battery with multiple cells in parallel is used in a high-temperature atmosphere, heat is absorbed from the battery case side wall. Is the cell located at. Further, since the positive electrode plate is easily deteriorated in performance under the influence of heat, the cell life is deteriorated due to the deterioration of the positive electrode plate, and as a result, the battery life is also deteriorated and shortened.
[0011]
However, the cells housed in the single battery case located at both ends are easily affected by heat in the cells located at both ends by making the negative electrode plate face the battery case side wall and the positive electrode plate face the partition wall. Since the positive electrode plate is located on the partition wall side away from the battery case side wall, it is possible to prevent the performance deterioration due to the heat of the positive electrode plate, and the performance of each cell can be equivalent and the battery life can be improved. .
[0012]
Further, the separator is formed in a bag shape, and the negative electrode plate is accommodated in this .
[0013]
The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate can be reliably separated from each other. When the positive electrode plate is housed in a bag-shaped separator, the positive electrode plate, which has a dark brown color tone and is conspicuous, is colored with the negative electrode plate and the electrolyte solution. Is coated with a separator of the same system, so that the electrolyte surface can be easily seen through, and the design is also effective. Further, when the negative electrode plate is accommodated in the bag-like separator, the color tone of the negative electrode plate becomes similar to that of the electrolyte solution, and the see-through confirmation of the electrolyte solution surface can be surely performed.
[0014]
Furthermore, by forming the battery case with a material such as a polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer or polypropylene resin that allows the inside to be easily seen through, the stored cell can be easily seen and the electrolyte level can be confirmed reliably. .
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0016]
A plurality of slits were made in the longitudinal direction of the lead sheet rolled from the lead-calcium-tin alloy, and then the slit part of the rolled lead sheet was expanded and formed to form an expanded network, thereby forming an expanded lattice. A paste-like active material is applied and filled into the mesh portion of this expanded lattice, then cut into a single-size electrode plate, and then aged and dried, followed by a lead-acid battery plate. did.
[0017]
Here, the lead sheet used for the positive electrode plate is formed of a lead-tin-calcium alloy containing 1.3% by weight of tin in consideration of oxidation resistance, and the lead sheet used for the negative electrode plate is acid resistant. Therefore, the lead-tin-calcium alloy containing 0.3% by weight of tin was used to facilitate the expansion process. In particular, for the positive electrode plate, a lead-antimony alloy thin film was pressure-bonded to the portion where the expanded mesh portion of the lead sheet was formed in consideration of overdischarge resistance. A sheet-like separator made of microporous polyethylene was bent into a U-shape and welded at the left and right ends to form a bag-like separator.
[0018]
Next, the configuration of the cell will be described with reference to FIG. The bag-shaped separator 1 contains a single positive electrode plate 2 to form a bag-packed positive electrode plate 3, and this bag-packed positive electrode plate 3 and five negative electrode plates 4 are used in parallel, and the electrodes are sequentially arranged in parallel. A cell group 7 was formed by forming a positive electrode strap 6 and a negative electrode strap 6 ′ by collectively welding the electrode plate ears 5 and 5 ′ of the same polarity electrode plates as a plate group. The positive electrode strap 6 is connected to a lead alloy part 8 made of a lead-antimony alloy at the time of collective welding of the electrode plate ear 5, and the negative electrode strap 6 ′ is connected to lead-at the time of collective welding of the electrode plate ear 5 ′. Lead pole parts 9 made of an antimony alloy and made of lead alloy are each welded together. In addition, since the number of both the positive electrode plate 2 and the negative electrode plate 4 is the same five, one of the electrode plates at both ends constituting the cell 7 is the positive electrode plate 2 and the other is the negative electrode plate 4 configuration. It has become.
[0019]
Next, a cell 10 as shown in FIG. 2 was prepared. In the cell 7, the positive electrode plate 2 is accommodated in the bag-shaped separator 1 to form the bag-packed positive electrode plate 3, but in the case of the cell 10, the negative electrode plate 4 is accommodated in the bag-shaped separator 1 as the bag-packed negative electrode plate 11. In other respects, the configuration is the same. In FIG. 2, 12 and 12 ′ are electrode plate ears, 13 is a positive electrode strap, 13 ′ is a negative electrode strap, 14 is a connecting part component, and 15 is a polar column component.
[0020]
Using these cells 7 or 10, a 55D23 type lead storage battery for automobiles having the configuration shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 was produced.
[0021]
In FIG. 3, six cell chambers 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23 are formed in the monoblock battery case 16 by the partition wall 17, and the partition wall 17 is provided in parallel with the electrode plate forming the cell. Therefore, the cell chambers 18 to 23 are formed in parallel in a line in the overlapping direction of the electrode plates. 1 is housed in the cell chambers 18 and 23 located at both ends of the cell chambers 18 to 23 arranged in parallel in this single row state, but the negative electrode plate located at one end 4 is opposed to the battery case side wall 24 parallel to the electrode plate surface, and the packaged positive electrode plate 3 located at the other end is accommodated so as to face the partition wall 17. This lead acid battery for automobiles was designated as battery A.
[0022]
The monoblock battery case 16 is made of a copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene containing 0.06% by weight of titanium oxide, the thickness of the battery case side wall 24 is 3.5 mm, and the electrolytic solution surface is from the outside of the battery case. I can see through.
[0023]
In FIG. 4, the cells 7 are accommodated in cell chambers 18 and 23 located at both ends, and the bag-packed positive electrode plate 3 faces the battery case side wall 24 and the negative electrode plate 4 faces the partition wall 17. ing. This automotive lead acid battery was designated as Comparative Example Battery B.
[0024]
In FIG. 5, cell chambers 18 and 23 are located at both ends, and the cells 10 are accommodated in 18 and 23, and the packaged negative electrode plate 11 located at one end faces the battery case side wall 24 and is located at the other end. The positive electrode plate 2 is accommodated so as to face the partition wall 17. This lead acid battery for automobiles was designated as Example battery C.
[0025]
In FIG. 6, the cells 10 are stored in the cell chambers 18 and 23 located at both ends, and the positive electrode plate 2 is stored so as to face the battery case side wall 24, and the bag-packed negative electrode plate 11 is stored so as to face the partition wall 17. ing. This automotive lead acid battery was designated as Comparative Example Battery D.
[0026]
In these batteries A, B, C, and D, the lid body 25 was thermally welded to the monoblock battery case 16, and the positive pole part and the negative pole part were provided on the lid. The positive terminal 26 and the negative terminal 27 are formed by welding with the lead bushing while being inserted into the lead bushing for the terminal, and then a dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected from the liquid port corresponding to each cell chamber provided in the lid 25. Then, after conducting energization and adjusting the electrolyte surface and specific gravity, a liquid plug 28 was attached to the liquid port, and each was used as a finished battery for the test.
[0027]
About these batteries A, B, C, and D, the JIS light load life test was done by the charging / discharging conditions described in JIS-D5301 in 75 degreeC atmosphere. In the life test, as shown in FIG. 7, a hot plate 29 having a width and height of 300 mm, a thickness of 50 mm and a constant temperature maintained at 90 ° C. is disposed on one side of the battery case side wall 24, The test is performed by reproducing the state in which the battery is actually mounted on the vehicle.
[0028]
In the life judgment, the test battery was discharged at a current of 356 A for 30 seconds, the time when the end-of-discharge voltage at 30 seconds became 7.2 V or less was regarded as the life, and the number of charge / discharge cycles so far was regarded as the life cycle number. did.
[0029]
The results of the JIS light load life test described above are as shown in Table 1 in terms of an index when the life cycle number of the battery B is 100.
[0030]
[Table 1]
[0031]
From the results shown in Table 1, the batteries A and C have a longer life than the comparative batteries B and D. This is because the positive electrode plate 2 that is easily affected by heat is the monoblock battery case 16. It seems to be caused by the fact that it is located inside and prevents heat outside the battery from being transmitted.
[0032]
Next, for each test battery after the completion of these tests, the terminals were taken out so that the cell voltage of each cell could be measured, and discharged at a discharge current value of 356 A, whose capacity was confirmed when the test was conducted according to the JIS light load life test. The results of measuring the cell voltage at 30 seconds after discharge are as shown in Table 2. The cell number is the number of the cell adjacent to the hot plate 29. 1 cell, numbered in the order of the cell row, the cell farthest from the hot plate 29 is No. It was set to 6.
[0033]
[Table 2]
[0034]
From the results shown in Table 2, in each test battery, the No. adjacent to the hot plate 29 is obtained. Since the voltage of one cell is the lowest, it can be seen that the capacity deterioration due to heat is the most advanced and determines the life of the entire battery. In Battery A and Example Battery C , cell No. 1 and other cell numbers. The cell voltage difference from 2 to 6 is in the range of 0.15 to 0.25 V, but the comparative batteries B and D have a large deviation from the range of 0.75 to 1.00 V. This is because in the cells constituting the battery A and the example battery C , it is difficult for the influence of heat to reach the positive electrode plate 2, so that the variation in voltage is reduced, and as a result, the entire battery has a short life. It is thought that this could be suppressed.
[0035]
Further, in the battery A , the negative electrode plate 4 faces the battery case side wall 24, and in the example battery C, the bag-filled negative electrode plate 11 faces the battery case side wall 24, so that the battery parallel to the electrode plate surface is present. From the tank side wall 24, it is possible to see through the negative electrode plate 4 having a similar color tone from gray to grayish white or the bag-like separator 1 containing the negative electrode plate 4, but on the side of the partition wall 17 away from the battery case side wall 24. The positioned positive electrode plate 2 having a generally dark brown color tone cannot be seen through, and the visibility of the electrolyte surface is improved. In general, the color tone of the negative electrode plate 4 and the bag-like separator 1 is the same color as the color tone of the colorless and transparent electrolyte and the white battery case used in the lead acid battery for automobiles. The appearance of the product will not be damaged.
[0036]
In this embodiment, a lead-tin-calcium alloy is used as the expanded lattice of the positive electrode plate 2 and the negative electrode plate 4, and the expanded lattice of the positive electrode plate 2 is a thin film of lead-antimony alloy on the surface thereof. For example, a lead-antimony alloy is used as the expanded lattice of the positive electrode plate 2, a lead-calcium alloy is used as the expanded lattice of the negative electrode plate 4, or the expanded lattice of the positive electrode plate 2 and the negative electrode plate 4 is used. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained by using both lead-antimony alloys.
[0037]
Moreover, although the polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer was used as a material of the monoblock battery case 16, a polypropylene resin can be used alone. Further, in order to allow the electrolyte surface to be seen through from the outside of the battery case, the thickness of the battery case side wall 24 is preferably 3.5 mm or less, and the strength of the battery case and improvement of weather resistance are improved in the battery case material. For the purpose, for example, when an oxide of titanium or the like is added, the addition amount is preferably 0.06% by weight or less from the viewpoint of transparency.
[0038]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the case of the lead acid battery for automobiles that has abundant free electrolyte is described. However, even in the case of a sealed lead acid battery that has almost no free electrolyte, the shortening of the life is suppressed. Effect is obtained.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is implemented in the form as described above, and can suppress the shortening of the life that occurs when the lead-acid battery is used in a high-temperature atmosphere. Visibility can be maintained well, and the effect of maintaining the appearance of the battery itself by unifying the color tone of the electrode group seen through the battery case is extremely high, and its industrial value is extremely high. It is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a cell of a lead storage battery in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of another cell of the lead storage battery in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cutaway side view of a main part of a lead acid battery for an automobile in a comparative example. FIG. 5 is a cutaway side view of a main part of a lead acid battery for a car in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cutaway side view of a main part of a lead acid battery for automobiles in another comparative example. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a life test of the lead acid battery for automobiles in examples and comparative examples.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bag-shaped separator 2 Positive electrode plate 3 Packed positive electrode plate 4 Negative electrode plate 7,10 Cell 11 Bag-packed negative electrode plate 16 Monoblock battery case 17 Bulkhead 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 Cell chamber (single battery case)
24 Battery case side wall

Claims (2)

電槽の側壁と平行な隔壁により複数に区画した単電槽に、同一枚数の正極板と袋状に形成したセパレータに収納した負極板の複数を交互に並列したセルを収納し、両側端に位置する単電槽に収納したセルは、袋状のセパレータに収納した負極板を電槽側壁と対向させ、正極板を隔壁と対向させた鉛蓄電池。A single battery case divided into a plurality of partitions by partition walls parallel to the side walls of the battery case accommodates cells in which the same number of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates accommodated in a bag-shaped separator are alternately arranged in parallel on both ends. The cell stored in the single battery case is a lead storage battery in which the negative electrode plate stored in the bag-shaped separator is opposed to the side wall of the battery case and the positive electrode plate is opposed to the partition wall. 収納したセルが透視可能な材質により電槽を形成した請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池。  The lead acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery case is formed of a material through which the stored cell can be seen through.
JP06807198A 1998-03-18 1998-03-18 Lead acid battery Expired - Lifetime JP3713947B2 (en)

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CN103210537A (en) * 2011-03-23 2013-07-17 松下电器产业株式会社 Lead storage battery
JP7128484B2 (en) * 2020-02-10 2022-08-31 古河電池株式会社 liquid lead acid battery

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