JP3710424B2 - Method for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and pesticides - Google Patents
Method for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and pesticides Download PDFInfo
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- JP3710424B2 JP3710424B2 JP2002031660A JP2002031660A JP3710424B2 JP 3710424 B2 JP3710424 B2 JP 3710424B2 JP 2002031660 A JP2002031660 A JP 2002031660A JP 2002031660 A JP2002031660 A JP 2002031660A JP 3710424 B2 JP3710424 B2 JP 3710424B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、重金属、ダイオキシン類及び農薬を分解する方法に関するものである。即ち、本発明は下記のものを分解する方法に関するものである。
（ａ）土壌、水、魚介類、家畜の糞等に含まれる重金属
（ｂ）土壌、水、焼却灰等に含まれるダイオキシン
（ｃ）土壌、水、家畜の糞等に含まれる農薬
【０００２】
特許請求の範囲を含む本明細書においては、分解すべき重金属、ダイオキシン類又は農薬を含む土壌、水、魚介類、家畜の糞、焼却灰等を被処理物という。
【０００３】
【従来の技術】
被処理物に含まれる重金属、ダイオキシン類及び農薬を分解する方法は、従来より種々研究されているが、いずれも効果ないしコストの面で不十分なものである。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような状況の下で、本発明は、有効微生物群に着目し、有効微生物群を利用して被処理物に含まれる重金属、ダイオキシン類及び農薬を効果的に分解する新規な方法を提供しようとしてなされてものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は下記に示す重金属、ダイオキシン類及び農薬を分解する方法を提供する。
【０００６】
（１）配合株数の割合が好気性菌群約５５％と嫌気性菌群約４５％とよりなる有効微生物群を有機廃棄物に混入して約４０〜２００℃の温度にて一次発酵させ、更にこれに配合株数の割合が好気性菌群約５５％と嫌気性菌群約４５％とよりなる有効微生物群を混入し、これを被処理物と共に約１００〜２００℃の温度にて二次発酵させることにより、該被処理物に含まれる重金属、ダイオキシン類又は農薬を分解させるようにしたことを特徴とする重金属、ダイオキシン類及び農薬を分解する方法（請求項１）。
【０００７】
（２）前記一次発酵は約２４時間行われる（請求項２）。
【０００８】
（３）前記二次発酵は約２４〜４８時間行われる（請求項３）。
【０００９】
（４）前記有機廃棄物は食物残渣である（請求項４）。
【００１０】
（５）前記食物残渣はオカラである（請求項５）。
【００１１】
【作用】
本発明においては、有効微生物群を有機廃棄物に混入して約４０〜２００℃の温度にて一次発酵させ、更にこれに有効微生物群を混入して約１００〜２００℃の温度にて二次発酵させることにより、好気性菌群、嫌気性菌群中の高熱菌のみが残存し、高熱菌以外の菌類は死滅する。このような発酵の過程で重金属、ダイオキシン類又は農薬が分解されるものと思われる。
【００１２】
なお、本発明における有効微生物群は、配合株数の割合が好気性菌群約５５％と嫌気性菌群約４５％とよりなるものであるが、好気性菌群と嫌気性菌群とは共存し得るものである。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
本発明においては、配合株数の割合が好気性菌群約５５％と嫌気性菌群約４５％とよりなる有効微生物群を使用する。
【００１４】
有効微生物群には次のものが含まれる。
酵母菌、セルロース分解菌、窒素固定菌、乳酸菌、糸状菌（芳香族化合物分解菌）、マンガン還元菌（クロカビ属群―原生担子菌類）、マンガン酸化菌（有機栄養菌）、アンモニア酸化菌（亜硝酸菌）、放線菌（キチン分解菌）、硝酸菌（硝化生成細菌）、硫黄細菌（硫化水素を水素供与体として利用する細菌群）、メタン酸化菌、有胞子細菌、セルロース放線菌、セルロース糸状菌、納豆菌、リグニン分解菌、鉄酸化菌、鉄還元菌、硫酸還元菌、酢酸菌。
【００１５】
上記有効微生物群を有機廃棄物に混入して高熱発酵機により約４０〜２００℃の温度にて好ましくは約２４時間一次発酵させる。
【００１６】
有効微生物群は、一例として有機廃棄物１０００重量部に対し、１重量部（コロニー）の割合で使用する。
【００１７】
有機廃棄物としては例えば食物残渣が用いられる。食物残渣としては好ましくはオカラが用いられるが、その他にもコーヒー豆粕、茶殻、野菜クズ、魚介類クズ、残飯、卵殻、ビール粕、酒粕等が用いられる。
【００１８】
有機廃棄物としては、食物残渣以外にも、例えばバーク、製紙スラッジ、剪定枝、もみがら、米ぬか、フスマ等が用いられる。
【００１９】
上記の如く一次発酵させてなるもの（床材）に更に配合株数の割合が好気性菌群約５５％と嫌気性菌群約４５％とよりなる有効微生物群を混入し、これを被処理物と共に高熱発酵機により約１００〜２００℃の温度にて好ましくは約２４〜４８時間二次発酵させることにより、該被処理物に含まれる重金属、ダイオキシン類又は農薬を分解させる。床材は水分調整を兼ねて使用される。
【００２０】
二次発酵における有効微生物群は、一次発酵における有効微生物群１重量部（コロニー）に対し一例として約３重量部（コロニー）の割合で使用される。
【００２１】
分解される重金属には、カドミウム、水銀、ひ素、ニッケル、全クロム、亜鉛、銅等が含まれる。
【００２２】
分解されるダイオキシン類には、ＰＣＤＤｓ、ＰＣＤＦｓ、Ｃｏ−ＰＣＢｓ等が含まれる。
【００２３】
分解される農薬には、有機りん系殺虫剤、有機りん系殺菌剤等の有機りん系農薬と有機りん系以外の殺虫剤、昆虫成長抑制剤、殺菌剤、除草剤等の農薬とが含まれる。
【００２４】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の実施例について説明する。
【００２５】
［実施例１］
配合株数の割合が好気性菌群約５５％と嫌気性菌群約４５％とよりなる有効微生物群を富山県の立山連峰における年間を通じて適度な温度、湿度、風、日光のある地点にて採取した。
【００２６】
採取された有効微生物群には下記のものを含む１２０種類以上の菌類が含まれていた。
酵母菌、セルロース分解菌、窒素固定菌、乳酸菌、糸状菌（芳香族化合物分解菌）、マンガン還元菌（クロカビ属群―原生担子菌類）、マンガン酸化菌（有機栄養菌）、アンモニア酸化菌（亜硝酸菌）、放線菌（キチン分解菌）、硝酸菌（硝化生成細菌）、硫黄細菌（硫化水素を水素供与体として利用する細菌群）、メタン酸化菌、有胞子細菌、セルロース放線菌、セルロース糸状菌、納豆菌、リグニン分解菌、鉄酸化菌、鉄還元菌、硫酸還元菌、酢酸菌。
【００２７】
採取された有効微生物群は土壌１ｍｍ３中に１０８個以上存在した。
【００２８】
上記有効微生物群をブイヨン寒天培養地にて培養した。
【００２９】
培養された有効微生物群１０ｇ（コロニー）をオカラ１０ｋｇに混入し、高熱発酵機により約４０〜２００℃の温度にて２４時間一次発酵させ、床材約１０ｋｇを得た。
【００３０】
この床材約１０ｋｇに更に培養した前記有効微生物群３０ｇ（コロニー）を混入し、これに長野県の諏訪湖湖岸１００ｍ沖の湖底にて採取した汚泥１０ｋｇを加え、約１００〜２００℃の温度にて高熱発酵機により２４時間二次発酵させた。
【００３１】
上記汚泥は、ひ素、カドミウム、水銀、ニッケル、クロム、鉛等の重金属に汚染されていたが、実施例１の処理により、表１の分析結果に示すように、重金属は大幅に減少した。
【００３２】
表１における各重金属の分析は肥料分析方法により行われた。なお、水分の分析は加熱乾燥法により行われた。
【００３３】
【表１】
［実施例２］
実施例１における汚泥１０ｋｇに代えてダイオキシン類を含む焼却灰１０ｋｇを使用したこと以外は実施例１と同様の処理が行なわれた。
【００３５】
実施例２の処理により、図２の分析結果に示すように、焼却灰中のダイオキシン類は大幅に減少した。
【００３６】
【表２】
［実施例３］
実施例１における汚泥１０ｋｇに代えて農薬を含むゴルフ場の芝刈雑草１０ｋｇを使用したこと以外は実施例１と同様の処理が行なわれた。
【００３８】
上記芝刈雑草について処理後の残留農薬を分析した結果を表３〜表４に示す。表３〜表４は、アルカリ熱イオン化検出器で検出可能な８０種類の農薬について、ガスクロマトグラフ法により一斉残留分析を行なった結果を示すものである。
【００３９】
実施例３の処理により、表３〜表４の分析結果に示すように、上記芝刈雑草中の農薬は検出されない程度にまで減少した。
【００４０】
【表３】
【表４】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、土壌、水、魚介類、家畜の糞、焼却灰等の被処理物に含まれる重金属、ダイオキシン類及び農薬を効果的に分解することができる。また、本発明の方法は有効微生物群と有機廃棄物とを用いるものであるため、コストの面でも極めて有利であるだけでなく、有機廃棄物を有効活用することができる。更に、被処理物を発酵処理することにより、有用な堆肥が得られるという効果も発揮される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and agricultural chemicals. That is, the present invention relates to a method for decomposing the following.
(A) Heavy metals contained in soil, water, seafood, livestock feces, etc. (b) Dioxins contained in soil, water, incinerated ash, etc. (c) Pesticides contained in soil, water, livestock feces, etc.
In the present specification including claims, soil, water, seafood, livestock dung, incinerated ash, etc. containing heavy metals to be decomposed, dioxins or agricultural chemicals are referred to as objects to be treated.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Various methods for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and agricultural chemicals contained in the object to be treated have been studied conventionally, but all of them are insufficient in terms of effect and cost.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Under such circumstances, the present invention focuses on the effective microorganism group, and provides a novel method for effectively decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and pesticides contained in the object to be treated using the effective microorganism group. It is made as.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and agricultural chemicals shown below.
[0006]
(1) An effective microorganism group consisting of about 55% aerobic bacteria group and about 45% anaerobic bacteria group is mixed in organic waste, and primary fermentation is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 200 ° C., Furthermore, an effective microorganism group consisting of about 55% aerobic bacteria group and about 45% anaerobic bacteria group is mixed into this, and this is mixed with the object to be treated at a temperature of about 100 to 200 ° C. A method for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and agricultural chemicals, characterized by decomposing heavy metals, dioxins or agricultural chemicals contained in the material to be treated by fermentation (Claim 1).
[0007]
(2) The primary fermentation is performed for about 24 hours (Claim 2).
[0008]
(3) The secondary fermentation is performed for about 24 to 48 hours (Claim 3).
[0009]
(4) The organic waste is a food residue (claim 4).
[0010]
(5) The food residue is okara (claim 5).
[0011]
[Action]
In the present invention, the effective microorganism group is mixed with organic waste and subjected to primary fermentation at a temperature of about 40 to 200 ° C., and the effective microorganism group is further mixed with the effective microorganism group at a temperature of about 100 to 200 ° C. By fermenting, only the hyperthermic bacteria in the aerobic bacteria group and the anaerobic bacteria group remain, and fungi other than the thermophilic bacteria die. It is considered that heavy metals, dioxins or agricultural chemicals are decomposed during the fermentation process.
[0012]
The effective microorganism group in the present invention is composed of about 55% of the aerobic bacteria group and about 45% of the anaerobic bacteria group, but the aerobic bacteria group and the anaerobic bacteria group coexist. It is possible.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the present invention, an effective microorganism group is used in which the proportion of the number of strains is about 55% aerobic bacteria group and about 45% anaerobic bacteria group.
[0014]
The effective microbial population includes:
Yeast, cellulose-degrading bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, filamentous fungi (aromatic compound-degrading bacteria), manganese-reducing bacteria (black mold genus-protozoan basidiomycetes), manganese-oxidizing bacteria (organic vegetative bacteria), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria Nitrate bacteria), actinomycetes (chitin degrading bacteria), nitrate bacteria (nitrifying bacteria), sulfur bacteria (bacteria group using hydrogen sulfide as a hydrogen donor), methane oxidizing bacteria, spores, cellulose actinomycetes, cellulose filamentous Bacteria, Bacillus natto, lignin degrading bacteria, iron oxidizing bacteria, iron reducing bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, acetic acid bacteria.
[0015]
The effective microorganism group is mixed with organic waste and subjected to primary fermentation with a high-temperature fermenter at a temperature of about 40 to 200 ° C., preferably for about 24 hours.
[0016]
As an example, the effective microorganism group is used at a ratio of 1 part by weight (colony) to 1000 parts by weight of organic waste.
[0017]
For example, food residue is used as the organic waste. Ocara is preferably used as the food residue, but coffee bean pod, tea husk, vegetable crumb, seafood crumb, leftover rice, eggshell, beer mash, sake mash etc. are also used.
[0018]
In addition to food residues, for example, bark, paper sludge, pruned branches, rice bran, rice bran, bran and the like are used as the organic waste.
[0019]
The product obtained by primary fermentation as described above (floor material) is further mixed with an effective microorganism group consisting of about 55% aerobic bacteria group and about 45% anaerobic bacteria group. In addition, heavy metals, dioxins or agricultural chemicals contained in the material to be treated are decomposed by secondary fermentation with a high-temperature fermenter at a temperature of about 100 to 200 ° C., preferably for about 24 to 48 hours. The flooring is also used for moisture adjustment.
[0020]
As an example, the effective microorganism group in the secondary fermentation is used at a ratio of about 3 parts by weight (colony) with respect to 1 part by weight (colony) of the effective microorganism group in the primary fermentation.
[0021]
Heavy metals to be decomposed include cadmium, mercury, arsenic, nickel, total chromium, zinc, copper and the like.
[0022]
Dioxins to be decomposed include PCDDs, PCDFs, Co-PCBs and the like.
[0023]
Pesticides to be decomposed include organophosphorus pesticides such as organophosphorus insecticides and organophosphorus fungicides, and pesticides such as insecticides other than organophosphorus, insect growth inhibitors, fungicides, and herbicides. .
[0024]
【Example】
Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
[0025]
[Example 1]
An effective microbial group consisting of about 55% aerobic bacteria and 45% anaerobic bacteria is collected at the Tateyama mountain range in Toyama Prefecture at moderate temperatures, humidity, wind, and sunlight. did.
[0026]
The collected effective microorganism group contained 120 or more fungi including the following.
Yeast, cellulose-degrading bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, filamentous fungi (aromatic compound-degrading bacteria), manganese-reducing bacteria (black mold genus-protozoan basidiomycetes), manganese-oxidizing bacteria (organic vegetative bacteria), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria Nitrate bacteria), actinomycetes (chitin degrading bacteria), nitrate bacteria (nitrifying bacteria), sulfur bacteria (bacteria group using hydrogen sulfide as a hydrogen donor), methane oxidizing bacteria, spores, cellulose actinomycetes, cellulose filamentous Bacteria, Bacillus natto, lignin degrading bacteria, iron oxidizing bacteria, iron reducing bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, acetic acid bacteria.
[0027]
The collected effective microorganism group was present at 10 8 or more in 1 mm 3 of soil.
[0028]
The effective microorganism group was cultured in a broth agar culture area.
[0029]
The cultured effective microorganism group 10 g (colony) was mixed in 10 kg of okara and subjected to primary fermentation at a temperature of about 40 to 200 ° C. for 24 hours using a high heat fermenter to obtain about 10 kg of flooring.
[0030]
About 10 kg of the above-mentioned effective microorganism group (colony) further mixed is mixed with about 10 kg of this flooring, and 10 kg of sludge collected at the bottom of the lake 100 m off the shore of Lake Suwa in Nagano Prefecture is added to this at a temperature of about 100 to 200 ° C. Secondary fermentation was performed for 24 hours using a high-temperature fermenter.
[0031]
The sludge was contaminated with heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel, chromium, lead and the like. As shown in the analysis results of Table 1, the heavy metals were significantly reduced by the treatment of Example 1.
[0032]
The analysis of each heavy metal in Table 1 was performed by the fertilizer analysis method. The moisture analysis was performed by a heat drying method.
[0033]
[Table 1]
[Example 2]
The same treatment as in Example 1 was performed except that 10 kg of incinerated ash containing dioxins was used instead of 10 kg of sludge in Example 1.
[0035]
The treatment of Example 2 significantly reduced the dioxins in the incinerated ash as shown in the analysis result of FIG.
[0036]
[Table 2]
[Example 3]
The same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 10 kg of lawn mowing weeds of golf course containing agricultural chemicals was used instead of 10 kg of sludge in Example 1.
[0038]
Tables 3 to 4 show the results of analyzing the pesticide residue after the treatment of the lawn mowing weeds. Tables 3 to 4 show the results of simultaneous residual analysis by gas chromatography for 80 types of pesticides that can be detected with an alkaline thermal ionization detector.
[0039]
By the treatment of Example 3, as shown in the analysis results of Tables 3 to 4, the pesticides in the lawn mowing weeds were reduced to a level where they were not detected.
[0040]
[Table 3]
[Table 4]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively decompose heavy metals, dioxins and agricultural chemicals contained in objects to be treated such as soil, water, seafood, livestock dung, and incinerated ash. In addition, since the method of the present invention uses an effective microorganism group and organic waste, it is not only extremely advantageous in terms of cost, but also enables effective use of organic waste. Furthermore, the effect that a useful compost is obtained by fermenting a to-be-processed object is also exhibited.
Claims (5)
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| JP2002031660A JP3710424B2 (en) | 2002-02-08 | 2002-02-08 | Method for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and pesticides |
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| JP2002031660A JP3710424B2 (en) | 2002-02-08 | 2002-02-08 | Method for decomposing heavy metals, dioxins and pesticides |
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| JP2003230872A JP2003230872A (en) | 2003-08-19 |
| JP3710424B2 true JP3710424B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007300883A (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-22 | Suzuki Farm:Kk | Livestock feed or culturing feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4759470B2 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社スズキファーム | Sewage sludge treatment method |
| JP2008230919A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Suzuki Farm:Kk | Method of manufacturing fertilizer, soil improvement agent or sewage treatment regulator |
| JP5706134B2 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2015-04-22 | 大成建設株式会社 | Purification promotion material and purification promotion method |
| US20130180916A1 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-07-18 | Japan Oil, Gas And Metals National Corporation | Biological purifier, biological purification system, and biological purification method for untreated waste water |
| JP2013217820A (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-10-24 | Narihira:Kk | Cesium removal method |
| JP5818755B2 (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2015-11-18 | 有限会社イザキ | Incineration ash storage method and incineration ash storage container used therefor |
| CN113351641A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | 西南科技大学 | Method for remedying heavy metal pollution of smelting slag through non-covering organisms |
| CN115446107A (en) | 2022-08-29 | 2022-12-09 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for repairing dioxin-polluted soil by combination of rhamnolipid and earthworms |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2007300883A (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-22 | Suzuki Farm:Kk | Livestock feed or culturing feed |
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