JP3697877B2 - Underground construction method and underground building formation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an underground construction mountain retaining method and an underground building forming method for preventing collapse of surrounding earth and sand when forming an underground outer wall or the like mainly when a small-scale building is constructed underground. By eliminating the need for beams for mountain retaining works, as well as the material and insertion method (mounting method) of the pile walls in the conventional mountain retaining method and the improvement of the mounting position of the erection that is the mountain retaining work The mountain retaining wall can be reasonably used as the outer formwork of the outer wall of the underground frame, and the rising part of the underground frame can be constructed continuously by one concrete placement. The present invention relates to an underground construction mountain retaining method and an underground building forming method capable of safely, economically and easily constructing a mountain retaining and an underground structure in underground construction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The conventional underground construction method and underground building forming method have been performed by the methods shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, for example. That is, first, a large number of parent pile H-shaped steels 2 are driven in parallel at appropriate intervals so as to surround the surrounding area of the construction ground 1 of the construction ground 1, and the front surface and the rear surface of the parallel main piles 2 are dug. At the same time, a bracket 3 with a processed angle or the like is welded to the front surface of the flange of the parent pile 2, and an abdomen H-shaped steel 4 is attached through this, and a cut beam 5 is bridged between the opposite erections 4. Connect and support the parent pile 2. A concrete packing is applied to the gap between the upset 4 and the parent pile 2. A large number of wooden cross-sheet piles 6 are attached to the rear surface opposite to the frame forming side on the front side of the flange of the parent piles 2 in parallel to close the space between the parent piles 2 and the backfill portion is backfilled. A mountain wall is formed. Next, excavate the front side of the main pile 2 on the side of the main pile, arrange the formwork, and form the underground main frame by concrete placement. It was to remove.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of this method, the material and the insertion method (mounting method for the main pile) of the pile wall 6 and the mounting position and existence of the uplift 4 and the cut beam 5 which are the support works of the main pile 2 are problems. There are the following difficulties.
(1) Since a large number of wooden cross-sheet piles are used as the retaining wall, it must be cut and installed at the site, and the labor of cutting and mounting is troublesome. In addition, the appearance of gaps is unavoidable due to the installation procedure of the lateral sheet piles, and the soil behind the Yamadome is loosened, resulting in poor ground stability. Furthermore, it is necessary to overfill and backfill the back of the main pile to install the horizontal sheet piles, which not only increases the cost and construction period, but also due to gaps due to backfilling of the overburden part or skin peeling of the lateral sheet pile backfill soil. The ground will loosen and consolidation settlement will increase. Since wooden cross-sheet piles may cause ground subsidence due to corrosion due to their materials, it is difficult to substitute the outer formwork of the underground outer wall.
(2) Since the support erection is arranged on the front side of the main body of the multiple main piles in parallel, the erection is attached after excavation of the front of the main pile, and the installation work is dangerous and dangerous. It cannot be done quickly. In addition, stable support of the main pile cannot be performed only with the flank, and it is necessary to connect and support the opposite flank with a cross beam, and many members are used for stable support of the main pile and the pile. I need. In addition, there are uplifts and cut beams of Yamato support in the planned construction site, so the support material becomes an obstacle when constructing the underground structure, and the structure of the underground outer wall part continuously at once by concrete placement. As shown in FIG. 14, it is necessary to divide the support material into upper and lower parts and connect them. Therefore, not only a great construction period and construction cost are required for the formation of the housing, but also the number of connecting parts for concrete placement increases, and the risk of water leakage from that part also increases.
(3) With the removal of the main pile after the formation of the frame, not only does the surrounding ground loosen due to the ground pulling at the time of extraction, but also has an adverse effect on the impact on the underground frame after the concrete has been placed.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and by devising the material of the mountain retaining wall and its mounting method with respect to the parent pile, and the mounting position and mounting method of the flank with respect to the parent pile, Eliminating various difficulties, eliminating the need for cutting beams, reducing the number of members of the support material and reducing the labor of the mountain retaining method, and making the installed retaining wall effective as an outer formwork for forming the outer wall of the underground frame It can be used rationally and the support work for the inner formwork can be simplified, and the rising part of the underground structure can be constructed continuously with a single concrete placement. An object of the present invention is to provide an underground construction mountain retaining method and an underground building forming method capable of safely, economically and easily constructing a mountain retaining and an underground structure in construction.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means. That is, topsoil excavation is performed to an appropriate depth within the planned construction site and the surrounding area surrounding it, surrounding the planned construction site around the excavated ground, and an H-section steel uprising material Are placed in a square shape, connected and fixedly arranged, and on the front side of the casing of the belly raising material arranged in this square shape, each of the parent pile driving positions marked at predetermined intervals on the belly raising material is arranged . Each parent pile of H-shaped steel is driven into the ground at a location and arranged in parallel. The parent pile and the erection material are fastened with connecting fittings, and the front side of the parent pile is excavated and paralleled. A mountain retaining wall is formed by press-fitting a mountain steel plate from above into the front side of the space between the parent piles and setting it in a wind-like manner. The mountain steel plate standing upright in the shape of a folding screen is used as an outer mold, and the underground outer wall and the pressure platen are formed by concreting on the front and floor ground, respectively. The timber is dismantled.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An example of an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 13 and 14 indicate the same elements.
[0006]
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are explanatory views showing the prior arrangement process of the top-soil excavation and supporting work erection material H-section steel 4. First, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, topsoil excavation is carried out to a depth of about 800 mm from the ground over the planned construction site of the construction ground 1 and around an appropriate range surrounding it. In the portion 7 having a depth of about 800 mm from the ground, soft topsoil corroded soil is deposited. By removing this topsoil corroded soil, it is possible to reliably remove underground obstacles and to connect the ground plane of heavy construction equipment. Stabilize and work safety, reduce vibrations caused by heavy construction equipment operation, and confirm changes in ground geology.
[0007]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the erection material H-section steel 4 is arranged in a square shape and connected through a base 8 made of square concrete, surrounding the planned construction site around the topsoil excavation ground. Install and fix. After the installation, the back side of each erection material 4 is backfilled with the remaining soil and hardened, and the parent pile placement positions are marked on the erection material 4 at predetermined intervals. Since the upset material 4 is set on the stable topsoil excavation ground, the work has a good scaffold and can be performed safely and quickly.
[0008]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the parent pile H-section steel 2 is placed at each of the marked placement positions on the front side of the casing formation side of the bell-raised material 4 connected in a square shape. The piles are pressed into a predetermined depth from above with a pile driving machine and are arranged in parallel. As shown in FIG. 6, the flange rear side of each parent pile H-shaped steel 2 and the flank H-shaped steel 4 are connected to the fitting 9 Tighten at. The master pile 2 can be driven in a simple and accurate manner because the pre-installed erection material 4 serves as a ruler for marking the placement position as described above. And since the angry material 4 is arranged on the rear surface side of the main pile 2, the angry material 4 is arranged on the front side of the main body 2 of the main pile 2 as in the prior art, and a gap is generated between them. There is no need to interpose a top packing. Since Shinkui 2 is stably supported by being clamped in the wale member 4 which is mounted fixed disposed linked disposed in a square shape topsoil excavating ground, a further Setsuhari 5 as shoring as conventional I don't need it.
[0009]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the front surface of the main pile 2 on the side where the main body is formed is excavated with a backhoe, and the steel plate 10 is attached to the front flange side portion in the space between the parallel parent piles 2 in parallel. While removing the remaining soil at-, it is press-inserted from above and is set up in a folding screen to form a mountain retaining wall. Simultaneously with the completion of the retaining wall by the retaining steel plate 10, the erection material 4 that has been fastened to the parent pile 2 functions effectively as a support work, so that the retaining wall is stably supported. In addition, the mountain wall is formed by excavating and press-fitting in the mountain retaining steel plate 10 so as to scrape the natural ground. There are no gaps in the installation procedure, and the loose soil on the backside of the mountain is minimal, contributing to the stability of the ground. Furthermore, it is not necessary to cut and install at the site like conventional wooden sheet piles, and it is only necessary to mechanically press the steel plate 10 of ready-made dimensions prepared in advance. There is no cutting loss on the Yamato wall.
[0010]
Next, as shown in FIG. 10, crushed stones are laid down on the floor ground for vibration isolation and hardened sufficiently, and discarded concrete is placed on the upper surface. At that time, the crushed stone is spread thickly in the center of the floor ground in order to increase the anti-vibration effect and form a pressure-resistant panel. Then, the separator 11 is attached to the front surface of the mountain wall made of the mountain steel plate 10 so as to protrude by welding. Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the pressure-resistant platen frame 12 is formed by assembling the reinforcing bars on the floor ground on which the crushed stones have been laid and thrown away and concrete is applied. Set the water stop plate at the joint part of the concrete. In addition, wall reinforcement, wall slab formwork, and slab reinforcement are applied to the front of the retaining wall by the main pile 2 and the retaining steel plate 10, and this retaining wall is used as a substitute for the outer formwork of the underground outer wall. The underground outer wall 13 which becomes a basement upper frame is formed by casting. By using the mountain retaining wall of the mountain retaining steel plate 10 as a substitute for the outer formwork of the underground outer wall 13, it is useful for preventing moisture from entering the basement from the underground soil.
The mountain retaining wall made of the parent pile 2 and the steel retaining steel plate 10 is in close contact with the frame concrete and integrated into a part of the structural member of the underground outer wall 13. Since the separator concrete 11 and the retaining wall 11 are welded to the retaining wall 11 so that the frame concrete and the retaining wall can be closely integrated, the support of the inner formwork of the underground outer wall 13 is simplified. -It is possible to eliminate the need for a single-pushing material for preventing the collapse of the formwork at the time of casting. As a result, the work space in the basement can be widened, leading to labor saving in formwork.
And, since there is no uplifting support for the lumber 4 and the beam 5 on the front side of the main pile 2 on the side where the main body is formed, there is no need to carry out the concrete work on the basement. The construction can be carried out continuously, the work efficiency of the construction is good, and there is no inconvenience of water leakage from the connecting part of the concrete.
[0011]
Next, as shown in FIG. 12, after the underground frame concrete is hardened, the bell-raised material H-section steel 4 of the Yamadome support is disassembled and carried out. And the space part after the dismantling is used as a place such as a buried pipe of equipment, and the backfill 14 is made after the pipe.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the above-described problems of the prior art are surely solved, and the following specific effects can be obtained.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 1 has the following effects.
(1) Top soil excavation was performed on the construction ground to remove the soft corrosive soil accumulated in the top soil, so that the ground that grounds heavy construction equipment can be stabilized and work safety can be improved, and construction heavy equipment can be operated. The accompanying vibration is reduced, and the propagation of the vibration wave to the neighboring area can be greatly reduced.
(2) Prior to driving the main pile that supports the mountain retaining wall, the lining material that supports the main pile is installed and fixed on the stable excavation ground by topsoil excavation, Because the main pile is driven in and the parent pile and the erection material are tightened with the connecting bracket, the connection work of the erection material to the parent pile is safer, quicker and easier than before. , Can be done reliably.
And since the erection material is stably disposed on the excavation ground, it can function as a ruler for driving the main pile, and the driving accuracy can be increased. Cut beams spanned between raising members can be made unnecessary, and the number of supporting members is reduced and economical.
(3) A commercially available steel plate is used as the mountain retaining wall to be connected between the main piles, and it is mechanically press-fitted so that the ground is scraped off at the tip of the steel plate. There is no need to dig up, backfill, or cut on the spot for attaching horizontal sheet piles as in the past, making it easier, more reliable, faster, easier and more reliable in forming mountain retaining walls than in the past. it can.
And, since the material of the mountain retaining wall is a steel plate, and the above-mentioned excavation and backfilling are unnecessary, there is no void generated due to the skin removal of the back soil and the installation procedure of the horizontal sheet pile like the conventional horizontal sheet pile, Loose loose soil on the back of Yamadome will contribute to the stabilization of the ground. In addition, there is no fear that the ground subsidence of the soil behind the Yamadome will become a concern due to the corrosion of the sheet pile.
(4) The mountain retaining wall is also stably supported by the stable support of the parent pile by the pre-mounted bellows.
(5) Due to the material and stable support of the Yamadome steel plate, the Yamadome wall can be effectively and rationally used as an outer formwork for forming the outer wall of the underground frame.
(6) As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to safely, economically and easily perform the mountain retaining work necessary for the formation of the outer wall of the underground frame as compared with the conventional one.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 2 has the following effects.
(1) Since there are no uplifted timbers and cut-off beams on the building construction site, there is no obstacle to the construction of the underground building, and concrete is placed. Thus, it is possible to start up and form the underground frame of the underground outer wall and the pressure platen continuously at a time, thereby shortening the construction period of the underground frame and reducing the construction cost.
In addition, there is no connection part for concrete placement, and there is no risk of water leakage from the connection part.
(2) The steel retaining wall made of steel plate is used as the outer frame of the outer wall of the underground frame, and the separator receiving material protrudes from the retaining wall, and the retaining wall and the frame concrete are in close contact with the parent pile. Therefore, it is possible to save the members of the inner and outer molds and simplify the work of arranging the molds.
For this reason, since there is no need for a pressing material to prevent the collapse of the formwork due to the side pressure at the time of placing concrete, it is possible to simplify the support work for the inner formwork of the underground outer wall. The work space inside can be increased, contributing to labor saving in formwork.
(3) The mountain retaining wall made of the main pile and steel plate is integrated with the outer wall of the underground frame and forms a part of the structure. There is no inconvenience that it will loosen and impact the underground structure after the concrete has been cast, causing adverse effects.
(4) Since the mountain retaining wall made of steel plate is used as a substitute for the outer formwork of the outer wall of the underground frame, moisture can be surely prevented from entering the basement from the underground soil.
(5) Because the floor of the underground frame is made of a pressure plate using a crushed stone buffer zone, vibration waves such as earthquakes can be sufficiently mitigated, and sensitive vibrations can be minimized.
(6) As described above, according to the present invention, formation of an underground building can be made safer, more economical and simpler than before.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention when an angling member is disposed.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the above.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the same.
FIG. 4 is a plan view when the master pile is driven and tightened to the flank material.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the same.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the press-fitting arrangement of the Yamatome steel plate and root cutting in the building construction planned site.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.
FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the same.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the underground ground pressure platen formed on the floor ground.
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view when forming the outer wall of the underground skeleton.
FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing backfilling in the space after angling and dismantling.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional underground construction mountain retaining method.
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the conventional underground building forming method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Construction ground 2 Parent pile 3 Bracket (conventional example)
4 Raised material 5 Cut beam (conventional example)
6 sheet pile (conventional example)
7 Topsoil excavation part 8 Base for raising flank material 9 Connection fitting 10 Yamatome steel plate 11 Separator support 12 Pressure-resistant panel frame 13 Underground outer wall frame 14 Backfill part after dismantling the flank material

Claims (2)

Top soil excavation is performed to an appropriate depth within the frame construction planned site and the surrounding area surrounding it, and an H-shaped steel lining material is arranged in a square shape around the planned site construction around the excavated ground. H-shaped to connect to mounting fixed arranged, positions of the person shape disposed a wale material each parent pile installation position marked at predetermined intervals in the precursor formation side Oite the front thereof wale material Each parent pile of steel is driven into the ground and arranged in parallel , and each parent pile and the lining material are fastened together with a connecting bracket, and the front side of the main body of the parent pile is excavated, and between the parallel parent piles An underground construction mountain retaining method characterized in that a mountain retaining wall is formed by press-fitting a mountain retaining steel plate from above into a space in front of the space and setting it in a folding manner. Top soil excavation is performed to an appropriate depth within the frame construction planned site and the surrounding area surrounding it, and an H-shaped steel lining material is arranged in a square shape around the planned site construction around the excavated ground. H-shaped to connect to mounting fixed arranged, positions of the person shape disposed a wale material each parent pile installation position marked at predetermined intervals in the precursor formation side Oite the front thereof wale material Each parent pile of steel is driven into the ground and arranged in parallel , and each parent pile and the lining material are fastened together with a connecting bracket, and the front side of the main body of the parent pile is excavated, and between the parallel parent piles A mountain steel plate is press-fitted from the upper side into the space front side and set in a folding wind shape to form a mountain retaining wall. The mountain steel plate standing in the wind standing shape is used as an outer frame, and its front and floor An underground outer wall and a pressure board are formed on the ground by concrete placement. Method of forming the underground buildings, which comprises disassembling after the formation of underground walls and withstand board a.

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