JP3628163B2 - Combustion ash melting furnace - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a combustion type ash melting furnace that heats and melts ash by using a combustion heat source such as a burner or a pyrolysis gas, thereby reducing the volume and detoxifying the ash.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional gasification ash melting furnace, the pyrolysis gas generated in the gasification combustion furnace is introduced and burned, the ash entrained in the pyrolysis gas is heated and melted by the flame, and the molten slag is discharged at the bottom. Removed from the mouth.
[0003]
The burner-type ash melting furnace heats and melts the incinerated ash charged into the melting chamber with the flame of the burner, discharges the molten slag from the bottom outlet, and puts it into the cooling water. It is generated and reused.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in both of the above structures, castable (refractory furnace materials) and refractory bricks are attached to the bottom of the melting chamber, but the molten slag is exposed to high temperatures until it flows through the surface and is discharged to the discharge port. The bottom wall was severely worn, requiring repairs every 2-3 months. Further, at the time of repair, there is a problem that solidified metal adheres to a wide range on the surface of the bottom wall and it takes a lot of labor to remove it.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a combustion type ash melting furnace that can prevent the wear of the melting chamber bottom and can easily remove the solidified metal.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bottom of a melting chamber that heats and melts ash using a combustion heat source, a metal reservoir that melts metals contained in the ash and covers the bottom , and is adjacent to the metal reservoir. And forming a plurality of divided pools by forming a ridge portion with a refractory material on the bottom wall of the metal pool, and forming a plurality of divided pools on the bottom wall of the melting chamber. It is provided with a cooling water pipe for solidifying .
[0007]
According to the above configuration, the metal contained in the ash melts and accumulates in the metal pool, and a solidified metal layer is formed at the bottom by cooling with the cooling water pipe. Therefore, even if the molten slag flows, it flows on the surface of the metal layer. Therefore, the bottom wall is not depleted due to friction and erosion with the molten slag, and the life of the bottom wall can be extended. Moreover, in the metal removal work performed at the time of maintenance, the refractory material of the ridges may be crushed and removed to remove the solidified metal lump divided for each divided pool, and the metal removal work can be facilitated.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Here, an embodiment of the gasified ash melting furnace according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 1, the gasification ash melting furnace 1 is installed in parallel with a gasification incinerator 2 such as a fluidized bed type. In the gasification incinerator 2, municipal waste is thermally decomposed in a fluidized bed. As a result, pyrolysis gas containing unburned components such as combustible gas and char is generated, and this pyrolysis gas is introduced into the ash melting furnace 1 and burned, and this heat is used to accompany the pyrolysis gas. The ash content is heated and melted to reduce the volume and make it harmless.
[0012]
In the furnace body 3 of the ash melting furnace 1, a combustion chamber 4 is formed in the upper part, and a melting chamber 5 is formed in the lower part. A gas introduction duct 6 for introducing pyrolysis gas from the gasification incinerator 2 is connected to the upper portion of the combustion chamber 4, and a plurality of combustion air nozzles 7 are provided through the furnace wall. Further, a throttle wall 8 for projecting a heating temperature is provided below the combustion chamber 4.
[0013]
A metal reservoir 11 according to the present invention is formed on the bottom wall 5 a of the melting chamber 5, and the discharge port 12 is located at the same height as the upper surface of the metal reservoir 11 or on the upper side on one side wall adjacent to the metal reservoir 11. The exhaust gas passage 13 is communicated with the other side portion.
[0014]
The metal reservoir 11 may be a single body, but for the purpose of removing solidified metal at the time of maintenance, for example, as shown in FIG. The section 15 is divided into three divided reservoirs 11a to 11c. Thereby, when the molten metal contained in the ash flows into the bottom of each of the divided reservoirs 11a to 11c, the bottom is solidified by the action of the cooling water pipe 16 built in the bottom wall 5a, and the metal layer is covered with the molten metal. Since M is formed and the molten slag S flows over the metal layer M and is discharged, it is possible to prevent the refractory on the bottom wall 5a from being worn. Moreover, since the metal layer M is divided into a plurality of parts by the divided reservoirs 11a to 11c, it is possible to easily remove the solidified metal at the time of maintenance. The number and shape of the divided pools are not limited to this.
[0015]
Next, the operation of the gasified ash melting furnace will be described.
1. Combustion gas generated in the gasification incinerator 2 including pyrolysis gas containing char, ash, metals, etc. is introduced from the gas introduction duct 6 into the combustion space 7 of the melting chamber 5 and is blown from the combustion air nozzle 8 It is rapidly mixed with air and burned at a high temperature of about 1300-1500 ° C.
[0016]
Next, the operation of the gasified ash melting furnace will be described.
1. Combustion gas generated in the gasification incinerator 2 and containing pyrolysis gas containing char, ash, metals, etc. is introduced from the gas introduction duct 6 into the combustion space 7 of the melting chamber 5 and blown from the combustion air nozzle 7 It is rapidly mixed with air and burned at a high temperature of about 1300-1500 ° C.
[0017]
3. The molten slag S in which the ash is heated and melted flows on the surface of the metal layer M due to the difference in specific gravity, overflows, and is sequentially discharged from the discharge port 12. Therefore, the molten slag S is not in direct contact with the bottom wall 5a as in the prior art, and the bottom wall 5a is protected by the metal layer M, so that wear thinning can be greatly reduced.
[0018]
4). During the maintenance of the furnace, the solidified (molten) metal in the melting chamber 5 is removed, but the solidified metal is respectively stored in the divided reservoirs 11a to 11c, and compared with the conventional state in which the whole is stuck. Since the layer M is divided for each of the divided reservoirs 11a to 11c, it can be easily removed.
[0019]
According to the above embodiment, since the metal reservoir 11 is formed at the bottom of the melting chamber 5, the metal entrained by the pyrolysis gas accumulates at the bottom and solidifies to protect the refractory furnace material or refractory brick on the bottom wall 5a. Therefore, the wear of the molten slag S due to friction and erosion can be increased by 5 times or more compared to the conventional case.
[0020]
Further, the metal reservoir 11 formed at the bottom of the melting chamber 5 can effectively capture dust in the exhaust gas, and can reduce dust scattering.
Further, since the metal reservoir 11 is divided into three divided reservoirs 11a to 11c by the vertical convex strip portion 14 and the horizontal convex strip portion 15, the size of the solidified metal taken out at the time of maintenance is reduced, and the solidified metal is peeled and removed. It can be done easily.
[0021]
Next, an embodiment of a burner type ash melting furnace according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 4, this burner type ash melting furnace 20 is a counterflow type ash melting furnace in which the flow of exhaust gas and the ash feeding direction are formed in relative directions, and a preheating chamber 22 on the upstream side of the furnace body 21. And a melting chamber 23 is formed on the downstream side.
[0022]
The bottom wall of the preheating chamber 22 is formed on the inclined bottom wall 24 that is lower on the melting chamber 23 side, and the ash supply port 25 is formed on the downstream side wall. The ash supply port 25 is provided with an ash pusher 27 for sending the ash of the ash hopper 26 to the preheating chamber 22, and an exhaust gas duct 28 is connected to the top wall.
[0023]
A melting burner 29 is disposed on the top wall of the melting chamber 23, and a metal reservoir 31 according to the present invention is formed on the bottom wall 30. The metal reservoir 31 is formed on the bottom wall 22a of the preheating chamber 22 via a step 32, and the bottom surface of the metal reservoir 31 is a central ridge extending downstream from the step 32 as shown in FIG. Divided reservoirs 31 a to 31 c that are divided into three are formed by the portion 33 and the branching ridges 34 and 34 that are bifurcated from the downstream end of the central ridge 33. Then, a discharge port 35 is formed at the boundary position between the bottom surface of the divided reservoir 31a and the downstream side wall 36. A discharge weir 35a having a height corresponding to the depth of the divided pool 31a is formed on the surrounding bottom wall 30 facing the discharge port 35, and molten metal is also stored in the divided pool 31a having the discharge port 35. It is configured to be able to.
[0024]
The bottom wall 30 of the melting chamber 23 is formed of a refractory material 30a and a heat insulating material 30b, and the refractory material 30a is arranged on the outer surface side, and the refractory material 30a is raised to the center as shown in FIG. Convex ridges 33 and branching ridges 34 are formed, and a heat insulating material 30 b is formed on the refractory material 30 a excluding the central ridges 33 and branching ridges 34.
[0025]
In the above configuration, the melting burner 29 is ignited to heat the melting chamber 23, the ash of the ash hopper 26 is supplied to the preheating chamber 22 by the ash pusher 27, and the exhaust gas of the melting burner 29 is introduced to the preheating chamber 22. Ashes are preheated and discharged from the exhaust gas duct 28. Then, by the action of the ash pusher 27 and the inclined bottom wall 24, the preheated ash is sequentially sent to the melting chamber 23 and further heated and melted. Metals contained in the ash are also melted, and due to the difference in specific gravity, the molten metal flows into the metal reservoir 31 to form a metal layer M whose bottom is solidified. Since the molten slag S flows on the metal surface and is discharged to the discharge port 35, wear of the bottom wall 30 is prevented in advance.
[0026]
At the time of maintenance, the operation is stopped and the solidified (molten) metal is removed. At this time, the refractory material 30a of the central ridge 33 and the branch ridge 34 is deleted using a vibration drill or the like. Thus, the solidified metal in each of the divided reservoirs 31a to 31c can be divided and peeled off and removed, and the metal removal operation can be easily performed.
[0027]
According to the above embodiment, since the metal reservoir 31 is formed on the bottom wall 30 of the melting chamber 23 and the divided reservoirs 31a to 31c are formed by the central convex portion 33 and the branch convex portion 34, the bottom wall 30 is melted. It is protected by the metal layer, and wear and erosion due to the flow of the molten slag S can be prevented. Moreover, the solidified metal of the division | segmentation pools 31a-31c can be peeled in a isolation | separation state only by crushing and removing the center protruding item | line part 33 and the branch protruding item | line part 34 at the time of a maintenance, and a metal removal operation | work can be performed easily.
[0028]
In the above-described embodiment, the metal reservoir 31 is divided by the central protrusion 33 and the branch protrusion 34 to form the divided reservoirs 31a to 31c. However, as shown in FIG. May be divided by four intersecting ridges 42 and 43 to form four divided reservoirs 41a to 41d. Also, as shown in FIG. 8, the metal reservoir 51 may be divided into two parallel projections parallel to each other in the upstream and downstream directions. It may be divided by the strips 52 and 53 to form three divided reservoirs 51a to 51c.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the metal contained in the ash melts and accumulates in the metal reservoir, and a solidified metal layer is formed at the bottom by cooling with the cooling water pipe. Since it flows through the surface of the layer and is discharged, the bottom wall is not depleted due to friction and erosion with the molten slag, and the life of the bottom wall can be extended. Moreover, in the metal removal work performed at the time of maintenance, the refractory material of the ridges may be crushed and removed to remove the solidified metal lump divided for each divided pool, and the metal removal work can be facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a gasified ash melting furnace facility according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a melting chamber bottom of the gasified ash melting furnace.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a melting chamber bottom of the gasified ash melting furnace.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a burner type ash melting furnace according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a melting chamber bottom of the burner type ash melting furnace.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing a melting chamber bottom wall of the burner type ash melting furnace.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the bottom of the melting chamber of the burner type ash melting furnace.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the bottom of the melting chamber of the burner type ash melting furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification ash melting furnace 3 Furnace main body 4 Combustion chamber 5 Melting chamber 5a Bottom wall 6 Gas introduction duct 7 Combustion air nozzle 11 Metal reservoir 11a-11b Divided reservoir 12 Exhaust port 14 Vertical convex strip 15 Horizontal convex strip 20 Burner Type ash melting furnace 21 Furnace body 22 Preheating chamber 23 Melting chamber 30 Bottom wall 30a Refractory material 30b Insulating material 31 Metal reservoir 31a-31c Divided reservoir 33 Central ridge 34 Branch ridge 35 Exhaust port 41 Metal reservoir 41a-41d Divided reservoirs 42, 43 Intersecting ridges 51 Metal reservoirs 51a-51b Divided reservoirs 52, 53 Parallel ridges S Molten slag M Metal layer

Claims (1)

At the bottom of the melting chamber that heats and melts the ash using a combustion heat source, a metal reservoir that melts the metals contained in the ash and covers the bottom surface , and a discharge port adjacent to the metal reservoir are formed,
On the bottom wall of the metal pool, a plurality of divided pools are defined by forming a ridge portion with a refractory material,
A combustion ash melting furnace characterized in that a cooling water pipe for solidifying the metal accumulated in the divided pool is provided on the bottom wall of the melting chamber .

Images