JP2004169999A - Incineration/melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the need of a refractory filled layer which was formed on the grate of an incineration/melting furnace. <P>SOLUTION: In the incineration/melting furnace, a water-cooled grate 1 is disposed in the furnace, and hot combustion gas is generated in a combustion chamber 21 on the lower side thereof and sent to a combustion chamber 22 on the upper side thereof to burn incinerated matter poured into the upper combustion chamber 22. Also, the water-cooled grate 1 of two stages or more is disposed in staggered arrangement in cross section, an inlet 23 for the incinerated matter is provided in a furnace wall at a position higher than the water-cooled grate 1, and combustion air supply ports 28 and 29 are provided in the furnace wall at the lower and higher positions of the inlet 23 for the incinerated matter. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention heats generated combustion gas and sends it to an upper combustion chamber while incinerating waste as a fuel in a combustion chamber below the roster, so that incinerated material, contaminated soil, The present invention relates to an incineration / melting furnace that incinerates and melts waste such as residues, metals, and sludge.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this kind of incineration / melting furnace is configured as shown in FIG. In this furnace, a water-cooled roaster 1 is provided in the middle of the furnace, and a refractory (ceramic ball) filling layer 2 is formed thereon. The refractory filled layer 2 is for heat conduction and for preventing the incinerated material from dropping from the rostral 1. 3 is a slag stopper device, 4 is a slag outlet, 5 is a supply port of waste plastic and air, 6 is an oxygen inlet, 7 is an oil burner for increasing temperature, 8 is a water cooling tuyere, and 9 is An inlet for a processed material provided with a heavy damper, an outlet for waste gas 10, and a slag pot 11 are provided.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, this incineration / melting furnace has the following problems.
(1) The refractory packed bed is severely consumed, and 3% of the incinerated material must be constantly replenished, increasing running costs.
(2) As alumina (Al2O3) contained in the refractory melts into the slag, the viscosity of the slag increases, the fluidity deteriorates, and the amount of the slag increases.
(3) If the diameter of the furnace is large, the thickness of the packed bed is not uniform, so that blow-through easily occurs and combustion is not stable.
(4) Since the density of the packed bed is not constant, the pressure loss increases, and a blower with a large static pressure is required.
(5) Since the incinerated material is introduced from the furnace top, if it is introduced as it is, the incinerated material forms a bridge on the furnace wall. Therefore, a pretreatment molding line for agglomerating the incinerated material was required.
(6) Since the incinerated material is also charged from the top of the furnace, the drop is large at the first charging, and the rostr and the refractory packed layer may be damaged by the impact.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the invention of claim 1, a water-cooled roaster is arranged in a furnace, a high-temperature combustion gas is generated in a lower combustion chamber, sent to an upper combustion chamber, and injected into the upper combustion chamber. In an incineration / melting furnace for burning incineration, the water-cooled roaster is arranged in two or more stages in a staggered cross section.
[0005]
A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect of the present invention, an inlet for incinerated material is provided in a furnace wall above a position of the water-cooled roaster.
[0006]
The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1 or 2, a combustion air supply port is provided in a furnace wall below and above the incineration material inlet, respectively.
[0007]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, an electric blower for supplying combustion air to the lower combustion chamber is inverter-controlled.
[0008]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the fuel supplied to the lower combustion chamber contains combustible waste.
[0009]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the temperature of the high-temperature combustion gas sent from the lower combustion chamber to the upper combustion chamber is 1500 ° C. or more.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an incineration / melting furnace according to the present invention. In the middle of the furnace 20, the water-cooled roaster 1 is arranged in two stages with a staggered cross section. The water-cooled roaster 1 can be arranged in three or more stages. A lower combustion chamber 21 is formed below the water-cooled roaster 1, and an upper combustion chamber 22 is formed above the water-cooled roaster 1. The lower combustion chamber 21 is supplied with waste plastic, air and oxygen from the supply port 5 and burned, and is supplied with oil from the oil burner 7 for temperature rise and burned.
[0011]
Further, if necessary, waste plastic, air and oxygen are injected from the injection port 6. In addition, waste fuel such as waste oil, paper waste, wood waste, etc. is supplied from the supply port 5 in addition to waste plastic. The solid waste fuel is crushed and sent to the lower combustion chamber 21 by pneumatic transportation. In addition, the electric blower used for supplying air from the supply port 5 can continuously control the blowing amount and the pressure by performing inverter control. The same applies to the other parts of the blower. The combustion gas heated in the lower combustion chamber 21 to 1500 ° C. or higher by these combustions is sent to the upper combustion chamber 22 through the gap of the water-cooled roaster 1.
[0012]
On the side surface of the upper combustion chamber 22, an incineration inlet 23 is provided. When the incineration thrown into the hopper 24 falls through the double damper 25, it is thrown in by the pusher 27 driven by the air cylinder 26. It is pushed out of the mouth 23 into the upper combustion chamber 22. In addition, this inlet 23 may be provided on both sides when the diameter of the furnace 20 is large. Further, a primary combustion air supply port 28 is provided at a level below the inlet 23, and a secondary combustion air supply port 29 is provided at a level above the inlet 23, and air is supplied. As incineration, contaminated soil, incineration residues, sludge, and the like can be incinerated.
[0013]
The incinerated material extruded into the upper combustion chamber 22 is dropped and held on the water-cooled roaster 1, heated and incinerated by a combustion gas at 1500 ° C. or higher supplied from below, and The incineration melt remains. The incinerated melt is further heated, partly gasified, and completely burned by air supplied from the primary combustion air supply port 28 and the secondary combustion air supply port 29. The remaining incineration melt drops and falls into the lower combustion chamber 21. Here, if the supply air from the primary combustion air supply port 28 and the secondary combustion air supply port 29 is enriched with oxygen, higher-temperature combustion can be performed.
[0014]
As described above, the inside of the upper combustion chamber 22 is supplied with the high-temperature combustion gas of 1500 ° C. or more from the lower combustion chamber 21 and further burns the incineration while supplying air in the upper combustion chamber 22. Accordingly, high-temperature combustion becomes possible, and dioxin generated during combustion is completely decomposed and then discharged from the outlet 10. Further, since oxygen is enriched in the upper combustion chamber 22 and burned at a high temperature, the amount of exhaust gas is reduced and CO2 is also reduced. The slag that has fallen into the lower combustion chamber 21 is discharged from the outlet 4 by operating the slag stopper device 3, taken out to the slag pot 11, and reused as roadbed material and the like.
[0015]
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the water-cooled roaster 1 of FIG. The water-cooled roaster 1 has fins 1a and 1b on both sides in the horizontal direction. By arranging the water-cooled rosters 1 alternately at equal intervals in another stage as described above, a heat conduction effect can be obtained in the molten metal. Further, since the interval between the water-cooled roasters 1 is constant, the pressure loss of the combustion gas passing between the water-cooled rosters 1 becomes uniform in each part, and the blower for supplying air to the lower combustion chamber 21 is a blower with a low static pressure. In addition, inverter control saves power. The water-cooled roaster 1 may be lined with various metals or refractories to prevent corrosion.
[0016]
Thus, in the incineration / melting furnace of the present invention, the water-cooled roasters 1 are alternately arranged at equal intervals in multiple stages, and the incineration material inlet 23 is provided in the furnace wall at a level slightly above the water-cooled roaster 1. Even when the incinerated material is dropped directly onto the water-cooled roaster 1 from the inlet 23, the incinerated material is prevented from falling below the water-cooled roaster 1, so that the fire-resistant material is refractory onto the water-cooled roaster 1 as in the prior art. There is no need to form a material-filled layer, and running costs are reduced by the amount that refractories are no longer necessary. In addition, since the refractory is no longer introduced, no alumina is mixed into the slag, so that the fluidity of the slag is not impaired and the amount of the slag does not increase.
[0017]
In addition, since the incinerated material is introduced from the inlet 23 instead of from the furnace top, a pre-process (pretreatment line) for agglomerating the incinerated material, which is conventionally required, is prevented in order to prevent the occurrence of a bridge. become. At the same time, the impact from the incinerated material applied to the water-cooled roaster 1 at the time of charging is reduced, and the life of the water-cooled roaster 1 is extended.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the water-cooled roaster is arranged in two or more stages so that the cross section has a staggered arrangement, the incineration material does not fall from between the rostles. There is no need to form a packed layer, and running costs are reduced. In addition, since the refractory is not charged, the viscosity of the slag does not increase, the flowability is improved, and the amount of the slag is reduced. Furthermore, since there is no refractory filled layer, blow-through does not occur and combustion is stabilized, and it is not necessary to increase the static pressure of the blower. Moreover, the molten metal has a heat conduction effect due to the multi-stage rostral.
[0019]
According to the invention of claim 2, since the incinerated material is provided at the inlet of the furnace wall above the position of the water-cooled roster, the incinerated material is not injected from the furnace top, so that a bridge is formed on the furnace wall. This eliminates the need for a previous step of agglomeration and eliminates the impact on the water-cooled rostr.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the combustion air supply ports are provided in the furnace wall below and above the incineration material inlet, respectively, so that the incineration material can be completely burned in the upper combustion chamber.
[0020]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the electric blower that supplies the combustion air to the lower combustion chamber is inverter-controlled, so that the supply amount of the combustion air to the lower combustion chamber is continuously changed according to the combustion state of the upper combustion chamber. And the energy consumption of the electric blower can be reduced.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the fuel supplied to the lower combustion chamber contains combustible waste, so that fuel can be saved.
According to the invention of claim 6, by setting the temperature of the high-temperature combustion gas sent from the lower combustion chamber to the upper combustion chamber to 1500 ° C. or more, the incinerated material is completely burned and rendered harmless, and the generation of dioxin is also prevented. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an incineration / melting furnace according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the water-cooled roaster of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a conventional incineration / melting furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water-cooled roster 1a, 1b Fin 3 Slag stopper device 4 Outlet 5 Supply port 6 Inlet 7 Oil burner 10 Outlet 11 Slag pan 20 Furnace 21 Lower combustion chamber 22 Upper combustion chamber 23 Input port 24 Hopper 25 Double damper 26 Air cylinder 27 Pusher 28 Primary combustion air supply port 29 Secondary combustion air supply port

Claims (6)

In an incineration / melting furnace that arranges a water-cooled roster in the furnace, generates high-temperature combustion gas in the lower combustion chamber, sends it to the upper combustion chamber, and burns the incineration material injected into the upper combustion chamber,
The incineration / melting furnace, wherein the water-cooled roaster is arranged in two or more stages so that the cross section is staggered. The incineration / melting furnace according to claim 1,
An incineration / melting furnace, wherein an inlet for incineration material is provided in a furnace wall above the position of the water-cooled roaster. The incineration / melting furnace according to claim 1 or 2,
An incineration / melting furnace, wherein combustion air supply ports are provided in furnace walls below and above the incineration material inlet, respectively. The incineration / melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An incineration / melting furnace, wherein an electric blower for supplying combustion air to the lower combustion chamber is inverter-controlled. In the incineration / melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The incineration / melting furnace characterized in that the fuel supplied to the lower combustion chamber contains combustible waste. The incineration / melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An incineration / melting furnace, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature combustion gas sent from the lower combustion chamber to the upper combustion chamber is 1500 ° C. or higher.

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