JP3613530B2 - Lubricating oil composition - Google Patents

Lubricating oil composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3613530B2
JP3613530B2 JP14867093A JP14867093A JP3613530B2 JP 3613530 B2 JP3613530 B2 JP 3613530B2 JP 14867093 A JP14867093 A JP 14867093A JP 14867093 A JP14867093 A JP 14867093A JP 3613530 B2 JP3613530 B2 JP 3613530B2
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Prior art keywords
weight
group
lubricating oil
composition
total
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JP14867093A
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JPH06336592A (en
Inventor
克矢 新井
聡 浅野
貞夫 和田
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Tonen General Sekiyu KK
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Tonen General Sekiyu KK
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Priority to JP14867093A priority Critical patent/JP3613530B2/en
Application filed by Tonen General Sekiyu KK filed Critical Tonen General Sekiyu KK
Priority to AU69595/94A priority patent/AU694122B2/en
Priority to US08/553,289 priority patent/US5672572A/en
Priority to DE69411563T priority patent/DE69411563T2/en
Priority to EP94918149A priority patent/EP0700425B1/en
Priority to CA002163206A priority patent/CA2163206C/en
Priority to PCT/US1994/006002 priority patent/WO1994028095A1/en
Publication of JPH06336592A publication Critical patent/JPH06336592A/en
Priority to NO19954709A priority patent/NO313012B1/en
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Publication of JP3613530B2 publication Critical patent/JP3613530B2/en
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/045Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
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    • C10M101/02Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M135/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/12Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M135/14Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
    • C10M135/18Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
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    • C10M137/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
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    • C10M159/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12Reaction products
    • C10M159/20Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は新規な潤滑油組成物、さらに詳しくは、優れた低摩耗性及び低摩擦性を有し、内燃機関、自動変速機、緩衝器、パワーステアリングなどの潤滑油、特に内燃機関用潤滑油として好適に用いられる潤滑油組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、内燃機関や、自動変速機、緩衝器、パワーステアリングなどの駆動系機器、ギヤなどには、その作動を円滑にするために潤滑油が用いられている。特に内燃機関用潤滑油(エンジン油)は、主としてピストンリングとシリンダライナ、クランク軸や連接棒(コネクティングロッド)の軸受、カムとバルブリフタを含む動弁機構など、各種摺動部分の潤滑のほか、エンジン内の冷却や燃焼生成物の清浄分散、さらには錆や腐食を防止するなどの作用を果たす。
このように、内燃機関用潤滑油には多様な性能が要求され、しかも近年、内燃機関の高性能化、高出力化、運転条件の過酷化などに伴い、高度な性能が要求されてきている。したがって、該内燃機関用潤滑油には、このような要求性能を満たすために、例えば摩耗防止剤、金属清浄剤、無灰分散剤、酸化防止剤などの種々の添加剤が配合されている。
内燃機関用潤滑油の基本的機能として、特にあらゆる条件下で機関を円滑に作用させ、摩耗、焼付き防止を行うことが重要である。エンジン潤滑部は、大部分が流体潤滑状態にあるが、動弁系やピストンの上下死点などでは境界潤滑状態となりやすく、このような境界潤滑下における摩耗防止性は、一般にジチオりん酸亜鉛(ZnDTP)やジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛(ZnDTC)の添加によって付与されている。
ところで、内燃機関では、潤滑油が関与する摩擦部分でのエネルギー損失が大きいために、摩擦損失低減や燃費低減対策として、摩擦調整剤(FM:フリクションモディファイヤ)が潤滑油に添加されている。この摩擦調整剤としては、例えばモリブデン化合物、りん酸エステルなどの極圧剤や、脂肪酸エステル、アルキルアミンなどの油性剤に属する化合物が一般に用いられている。
しかしながら、摩耗防止剤と摩擦調整剤を併用すると、金属表面での競争吸着により、両者の機能が十分に発揮されないという好ましくない事態を招来する。すなわち、ZnDTPやZnDTCは金属表面に保護膜を形成することにより、金属−金属接触による摩耗を防止するが、摩擦調整剤も金属表面への吸着やそれとの反応、あるいは金属表面でのポリマー生成などにより低摩擦の表面被膜を形成し、摩擦を低減させる作用を発揮する。したがって、潤滑油にZnDTPやZnDTCと摩擦調整剤とを添加すると、金属表面への両者の競争吸着により、ZnDTPやZnDTCの吸着量が少なくなって耐摩耗性が悪化したり、あるいは摩擦調整剤を添加したにもかかわらず、十分な摩擦低減効果が得られないことがある。
一方、ZnDTPやZnDTCは、ある種の清浄分散剤と相互作用を起こして耐摩耗性が損なわれることがある。また、清浄分散剤などの他の添加剤は摩擦調整剤に対しても、その効果に影響を及ぼすことがある。したがって、清浄分散剤などの他の添加剤の選定やその添加濃度などにも十分な配慮が必要とされる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような事情のもとで、優れた低摩耗性と低摩擦性を有し、内燃機関、自動変速機、緩衝器、パワーステアリングなどの潤滑油、特に内燃機関用潤滑油として好適に用いられる潤滑油組成物を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記の好ましい性質を有する潤滑油組成物を開発すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、主として第二級アルキル基を有するものから成るジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛と、金属清浄剤としてのカルシウムスルホネート及びカルシウムサリシレートと、硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカルバメートとを、所定の割合で含有する潤滑油組成物により、その目的を達成しうることを見い出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
すなわち、本発明は、潤滑油基油に対し、組成物全重量に基づき、(A)第二級アルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛と第一級アルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とを、その中のりん量が総りん量に対してそれぞれ50〜100重量%及び50〜0重量%になるように含有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん量として0.04〜0.12重量%、(B)全塩基価が200〜300mgKOH/gであるカルシウムスルホネートと全塩基価が10〜100mgKOH/gであるカルシウムサリシレートとを、それぞれ1.0〜3.0重量%及び0.3〜2.5重量%、及び(C)炭素数8〜23の炭化水素基を有する硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカルバメートを、モリブデン量として50〜2000ppm含有させ、かつ、全塩基価2〜13mgKOH/gであることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物を提供するものである。
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0006】
本発明の潤滑油組成物において用いられる基油については特に制限はなく、従来潤滑油の基油として慣用されているもの、例えば鉱油や合成油が使用される。
鉱油としては、例えば溶剤精製又は水添精製による60ニュートラル油、100ニュートラル油、150ニュートラル油、300ニュートラル油、500ニュートラル油及びこれらの基油からワックス分を除くことにより低温流動性を改善した低流動点基油などが挙げられ、これらは1種用いてもよいし、2種以上を適当な割合で混合して用いてもよい。
一方、合成油としては、例えばポリα−オレフィンオリゴマー、ジエステル、ポリオールエステル、ポリグリコールエステルなどが挙げられ、これらの基油は単独または混合して用いることができる。また前記鉱油と混合して用いることもできる。合成油と鉱油との混合割合は、例えば重量比80:20ないし20:80である。
【0007】
本発明組成物において用いられる基油としては、100℃における粘度が3〜20cStの範囲にあるものが好適であり、なかでも芳香族成分3重量%以下、硫黄分50ppm以下及び窒素分50ppm以下の水素化分解油及び/又はワックス異性化油が特に好適である。
本発明組成物においては、(A)成分としてジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛(ZnDTP)が用いられる。このZnDTPは、第二級アルキル基を有するZnDTPと第一級アルキル基を有するZnDTPとを、その中のりん量が総りん量に対してそれぞれ50〜100重量%及び50〜0重量%になるように含有するものである。このようなZnDTPを用いることにより、本発明の目的が効果的に達成される。
前記第二級アルキル基を有するZnDTPとしては、一般式
【0008】
【化1】

Figure 0003613530
【0009】
で表されるものを用いることができる。該一般式[1]におけるR及びRはそれぞれ炭素数3〜25の第二級アルキル基であり、具体的にはプロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、シクロヘキシル基、オクチル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、ペンタデシル基、オクタデシル基などの中から選ばれた第二級アルキル基が挙げられる。また、R及びRはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
一方、前記第一級アルキル基を有するZnDTPとしては例えば
【0010】
【化2】
Figure 0003613530
【0011】
で表されるものを用いることができる。該一般式[2]におけるR及びRはそれぞれ炭素数8〜25の第一級アルキル基であり、具体的にはオクチル基、デシル基、ラウリル基、ミリスチル基、パルミチル基、ステアリル基、エイコシル基などの中から選ばれた第一級アルキル基が挙げられる。また、R及びRはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
本発明組成物においては、該(A)成分のZnDTPは、組成物の全重量に基づき、りん量として0.04〜0.12重量%の割合で含有することが必要である。このりん量が0.05重量%未満では耐摩耗性が不十分であるし、0.12重量%を超えるとその量の割には効果の向上が認められない。
本発明組成物においては、(B)成分の金属清浄剤として、カルシウムスルホネートとカルシウムサリシレートとが用いられる。該カルシウムスルホネートは、組成物の全重量に基づき、1.0〜3.0重量%の割合で含有させることが必要である。この含有量が1.0重量%未満では清浄効果が不十分であるし、3.0重量%を超えると効果の向上がみられず、むしろ灰分が増加し、好ましくない。一方、カルシウムサリシレートは、組成物の全重量に基づき、0.3〜2.5重量%の割合で含有させることが必要である。この含有量が0.3重量%未満では十分な低摩擦性が得られないし、2.5重量%を超えると耐摩耗性が低下する上、灰分が増加し、好ましくない。
該カルシウムサリシレートとしては、例えば一般式
【0012】
【化3】
Figure 0003613530
【0013】
で表されるものが用いられる。前記一般式[3]におけるRは炭素数8〜23の直鎖状、分枝鎖状、又は環状のアルキル基であり、具体的にはオクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、ペンタデシル基、オクタデシル基、エイコシル基などが挙げられる。
本発明組成物においては、(C)成分として炭素数8〜23の炭化水素基を有する硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカルバメート(MoDTC)が用いられる。該MoDTCは、一般式
【0014】
【化4】
Figure 0003613530
【0015】
で表される構造のものである。
前記一般式[4]におけるR及びRはそれぞれ炭素数8〜23の炭化水素基である。該炭素数8〜23の炭化水素基としては、炭素数8〜23の直鎖状若しくは分枝鎖状のアルキル基又はアルケニル基、炭素数8〜23のシクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルキルアリール基又はアリールアルキル基などが挙げられる。このようなものの具体例としては2−エチルヘキシル基、n−オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ラウリル基、トリデシル基、パルミチル基、ステアリル基、オレイル基、エイコシル基、ブチルフェニル基、ノニルフェニル基などが挙げられる。該R及びRはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。また、m及びnはそれぞれそれらの和が4となるような正の整数である。
本発明組成物においては、該(C)成分のMoDTCは1種用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよく、またその含有量は、組成物の全重量に基づき、モリブデン量として50〜2000ppm、好ましくは100〜1000ppmになるように選ばれる。モリブデン量が50ppm未満では十分な低摩擦性が得られないし、2000ppmを超えるとその量の割には摩擦特性の向上効果がみられない。
本発明組成物においては、組成物の全塩基価を2〜13、好ましくは全塩基価4〜9にする必要がある。塩基価はJIS K−2501に準拠して測定される(全塩基価の単位はmgKOH/gである)。
また、全塩基価(TBN)200〜300のカルシウムスルホネート、又全塩基価(TBN)10〜100のカルシウムサリシレートを用いることにより、本発明組成物の全塩基価を好適に調整することができる。
【0016】
本発明の潤滑油組成物には、本発明の目的が損なわれない範囲で、従来潤滑油に慣用されている各種添加剤、例えば無灰清浄分散剤、粘度指数向上剤、流動点降下剤、酸化防止剤、防錆剤、腐食防止剤、消泡剤、他の耐摩耗剤や摩擦調整剤などを適宜添加することができる。
無灰清浄分散剤としては、例えばこはく酸イミド系、こはく酸アミド系、ベンジルアミン系やそのホウ素誘導体、エステル系のものなどが挙げられ、これらは、通常0.5〜7重量%の割合で使用される。
粘度指数向上剤としては、例えばポリメタクリレート系、ポリイソブチレン系、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体系、スチレン−ブタジエン水添共重合体系などが挙げられ、これらは、通常0.5〜35重量%の割合で使用される。酸化防止剤としては、例えばアルキル化ジフェニルアミン、フェニル−α−ナフチルアミン、アルキル化−α−ナフチルアミンなどのアミン系酸化防止剤、2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−4−メチルフェノール、4,4’−メチレンビス(2,6−ジ−t−ブチルフェノール)などのフェノール系酸化防止剤などが挙げられ、これは、通常0.05〜2重量%の割合で使用される。
防錆剤としては、例えばアルケニルこはく酸やその部分エステルなどが、腐食防止剤としては、例えばベンゾトリアゾールやベンゾイミダゾールなどが、消泡剤としては、例えばジメチルポリシロキサンやポリアクリレートなどが挙げられ、これらは適宜添加することができる。
【0017】
【実施例】
次に実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によってなんら限定されるものではない。
なお、潤滑油組成物の摩擦係数及び摩耗痕径は次のようにして求めた。
(1)摩擦係数(μ)
LFW−1試験により、270rpm、30kgf、120℃、10分の条件で求めた。
(2)摩耗痕径(mm)
シェル四球式試験により、1800rpm、20kgf、90℃、30分の条件で求めた。
実施例1〜8、比較例1〜5
基油として150N−1(100℃粘度5.7mm/s、芳香族成分4.1wt%、硫黄分11.0ppm、窒素分89.0ppm)及び150N−2(100℃粘度5.5mm/s、芳香族成分0.5wt%、硫黄分0.5ppm、窒素分0.1ppm)を用いた。
前記基油を用い、第1表に示す組成の潤滑油組成物を調製し、摩擦係数(μ)及び摩耗痕径(mm)を求めた。その結果を第1表に示す。
【0018】
【表1】
Figure 0003613530
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 0003613530
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、優れた低摩耗性を有するとともに、摩擦特性に優れており、例えば内燃機関、自動変速機、緩衝器、パワーステアリングなどの潤滑油、特に内燃機関用潤滑油として好適に用いられる。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a novel lubricating oil composition, and more particularly, a lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine, an automatic transmission, a shock absorber, a power steering, etc., particularly a lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine, having excellent low wear and low friction. It is related with the lubricating oil composition used suitably as.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, lubricating oil is used for an internal combustion engine, an automatic transmission, a shock absorber, a drive system device such as a power steering, a gear, and the like for smooth operation. In particular, lubricating oil for internal combustion engines (engine oil) is mainly used for lubricating various sliding parts such as piston rings and cylinder liners, crankshaft and connecting rod bearings, and valve mechanisms including cams and valve lifters. It serves to cool the engine, clean and disperse combustion products, and prevent rust and corrosion.
As described above, various kinds of performance are required for the lubricating oil for the internal combustion engine, and in addition, in recent years, advanced performance has been required with the performance enhancement, high output, and severe operation conditions of the internal combustion engine. . Therefore, various additives such as an antiwear agent, a metal detergent, an ashless dispersant, and an antioxidant are blended in the lubricating oil for internal combustion engines in order to satisfy such required performance.
As a basic function of the lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine, it is important to prevent the wear and seizure by causing the engine to act smoothly under all conditions. The engine lubrication part is mostly in a fluid lubrication state, but tends to be in a boundary lubrication state at the valve operating system and at the top and bottom dead center of the piston. In general, the anti-wear property under such boundary lubrication is zinc dithiophosphate ( ZnDTP) and zinc dithiocarbamate (ZnDTC).
By the way, in an internal combustion engine, since the energy loss in the friction part in which the lubricating oil is involved is large, a friction modifier (FM: friction modifier) is added to the lubricating oil as a countermeasure for reducing the friction loss and fuel consumption. As the friction modifier, for example, a compound belonging to an extreme pressure agent such as a molybdenum compound or a phosphate ester, or an oily agent such as a fatty acid ester or an alkylamine is generally used.
However, when an antiwear agent and a friction modifier are used in combination, an unfavorable situation in which the functions of the two are not sufficiently exhibited due to competitive adsorption on the metal surface is caused. In other words, ZnDTP and ZnDTC prevent the wear due to metal-metal contact by forming a protective film on the metal surface, but the friction modifier also adsorbs to the metal surface and reacts with it, or polymer formation on the metal surface, etc. By forming a low-friction surface coating, the effect of reducing friction is exhibited. Therefore, when ZnDTP or ZnDTC and a friction modifier are added to the lubricating oil, the amount of adsorption of ZnDTP or ZnDTC decreases due to the competitive adsorption of both on the metal surface, or the wear resistance deteriorates, or the friction modifier is added. Despite the addition, a sufficient friction reducing effect may not be obtained.
On the other hand, ZnDTP and ZnDTC may interact with certain types of cleaning dispersants to impair wear resistance. In addition, other additives such as a cleaning dispersant may affect the effect of the friction modifier. Therefore, sufficient consideration is required for the selection of other additives such as a cleaning dispersant and the concentration of the additives.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Under such circumstances, the present invention has excellent low wear and friction, and is used as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, automatic transmissions, shock absorbers, power steering, etc., particularly as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines. The object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition that can be suitably used.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to develop a lubricating oil composition having the above-mentioned preferable properties, the present inventors have obtained a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate mainly composed of a secondary alkyl group, and a metal detergent. It was found that the object could be achieved by a lubricating oil composition containing calcium sulfonate and calcium salicylate and sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate in a predetermined ratio, and based on this finding, the present invention was completed. .
[0005]
That is, the present invention provides (A) a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having a secondary alkyl group and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group based on the total weight of the composition. , Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate containing 50 to 100% by weight and 50 to 0% by weight of phosphorus in the total amount of phosphorus, 0.04 to 0.12% by weight as phosphorus (B) Calcium sulfonate having a total base number of 200 to 300 mgKOH / g and calcium salicylate having a total base number of 10 to 100 mgKOH / g, 1.0 to 3.0% by weight and 0.3 to 2%, respectively. 0.5 wt% and (C) 50 to 2000 ppm of molybdenum oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate having 8 to 23 carbon atoms as a molybdenum amount. And, there is provided a lubricating oil composition total base number is characterized in that it is a 2 to 13 mg KOH / g.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0006]
There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the base oil used in the lubricating oil composition of this invention, For example, what is conventionally used as a base oil of lubricating oil, for example, mineral oil and synthetic oil, are used.
Mineral oils, for example, 60 neutral oil, 100 neutral oil, 150 neutral oil, 300 neutral oil, 300 neutral oil and 500 neutral oil by solvent refining or hydrogenation refining and low temperature fluidity improved by removing the wax content from these base oils. Pour point base oils and the like may be mentioned, and these may be used alone or in admixture of two or more at an appropriate ratio.
On the other hand, examples of the synthetic oil include poly α-olefin oligomers, diesters, polyol esters, polyglycol esters, and the like, and these base oils can be used alone or in combination. Moreover, it can also be used by mixing with the mineral oil. The mixing ratio of the synthetic oil and the mineral oil is, for example, 80:20 to 20:80 by weight.
[0007]
As the base oil used in the composition of the present invention, those having a viscosity at 100 ° C. in the range of 3 to 20 cSt are preferable, and in particular, the aromatic component is 3% by weight or less, the sulfur content is 50 ppm or less, and the nitrogen content is 50 ppm or less. Hydrocracked oils and / or wax isomerate oils are particularly suitable.
In the composition of the present invention, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP) is used as the component (A). In this ZnDTP, ZnDTP having a secondary alkyl group and ZnDTP having a primary alkyl group have a phosphorus amount of 50 to 100% by weight and 50 to 0% by weight, respectively, based on the total phosphorus amount. It is contained. By using such ZnDTP, the object of the present invention is effectively achieved.
The ZnDTP having the secondary alkyl group has a general formula:
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0003613530
[0009]
Can be used. R 1 and R 2 in the general formula [1] are each a secondary alkyl group having 3 to 25 carbon atoms, specifically a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an octyl group, Secondary alkyl groups selected from decyl group, dodecyl group, pentadecyl group, octadecyl group and the like can be mentioned. R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different.
On the other hand, examples of ZnDTP having the primary alkyl group include:
[Chemical formula 2]
Figure 0003613530
[0011]
Can be used. R 3 and R 4 in the general formula [2] are each a primary alkyl group having 8 to 25 carbon atoms, specifically, an octyl group, a decyl group, a lauryl group, a myristyl group, a palmityl group, a stearyl group, Examples include primary alkyl groups selected from eicosyl groups and the like. R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different.
In the composition of the present invention, the ZnDTP of the component (A) needs to be contained in a proportion of 0.04 to 0.12% by weight as phosphorus based on the total weight of the composition. If the amount of phosphorus is less than 0.05% by weight, the wear resistance is insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.12% by weight, no improvement in effect is recognized for that amount.
In the composition of the present invention, calcium sulfonate and calcium salicylate are used as the metal detergent of component (B). The calcium sulfonate needs to be contained at a ratio of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. If the content is less than 1.0% by weight, the cleaning effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 3.0% by weight, the improvement of the effect is not observed, and the ash content is increased. On the other hand, calcium salicylate needs to be contained in a proportion of 0.3 to 2.5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. If the content is less than 0.3% by weight, sufficient low friction cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 2.5% by weight, the wear resistance is lowered and the ash content is increased.
Examples of the calcium salicylate include those represented by the general formula:
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0003613530
[0013]
Is used. R 5 in the general formula [3] is a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 8 to 23 carbon atoms, specifically, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, a dodecyl group, or a pentadecyl group. Group, octadecyl group, eicosyl group and the like.
In the composition of the present invention, sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) having a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 23 carbon atoms is used as the component (C). The MoDTC has a general formula:
[Formula 4]
Figure 0003613530
[0015]
It has a structure represented by
R 6 and R 7 in the general formula [4] are each a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 23 carbon atoms. Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 8 to 23 carbon atoms include a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 23 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 8 to 23 carbon atoms, an aryl group, and an alkylaryl group. Or an arylalkyl group etc. are mentioned. Specific examples of such compounds include 2-ethylhexyl group, n-octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, lauryl group, tridecyl group, palmityl group, stearyl group, oleyl group, eicosyl group, butylphenyl group, nonylphenyl group, etc. Is mentioned. R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different. M and n are positive integers such that their sum is 4.
In the composition of the present invention, one type of MoDTC of the component (C) may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination, and the content is based on the total weight of the composition and the amount of molybdenum. As 50 to 2000 ppm, preferably 100 to 1000 ppm. If the amount of molybdenum is less than 50 ppm, sufficient low friction cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 2000 ppm, the effect of improving the friction characteristics is not seen for that amount.
In the composition of the present invention, the total base number of the composition needs to be 2 to 13, preferably 4 to 9. The base number is measured according to JIS K-2501 (the unit of total base number is mgKOH / g).
Moreover, the total base number of the composition of the present invention can be suitably adjusted by using calcium sulfonate having a total base number (TBN) of 200 to 300 or calcium salicylate having a total base number (TBN) of 10 to 100.
[0016]
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, various additives conventionally used in lubricating oils, such as ashless detergent dispersants, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Antioxidants, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, antifoaming agents, other antiwear agents, friction modifiers, and the like can be added as appropriate.
Examples of the ashless detergent / dispersant include succinimide-based, succinamide-based, benzylamine-based and boron derivatives thereof, and ester-based ones, and these are usually in a ratio of 0.5 to 7% by weight. used.
Examples of the viscosity index improver include polymethacrylate, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, styrene-butadiene hydrogenated copolymer, etc., and these are usually in a proportion of 0.5 to 35% by weight. used. Examples of the antioxidant include amine-based antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylated-α-naphthylamine, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4,4 ′. -Phenolic antioxidants such as -methylenebis (2,6-di-t-butylphenol) and the like are mentioned, and this is usually used in a proportion of 0.05 to 2% by weight.
Examples of the antirust agent include alkenyl succinic acid and partial esters thereof, examples of the corrosion inhibitor include benzotriazole and benzimidazole, and examples of the antifoaming agent include dimethylpolysiloxane and polyacrylate. These can be added as appropriate.
[0017]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.
The friction coefficient and the wear scar diameter of the lubricating oil composition were determined as follows.
(1) Friction coefficient (μ)
It calculated | required on condition of 270 rpm, 30 kgf, 120 degreeC, and 10 minutes by LFW-1 test.
(2) Wear scar diameter (mm)
By a shell four-ball test, it was determined under the conditions of 1800 rpm, 20 kgf, 90 ° C., and 30 minutes.
Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 1-5
150 N-1 as a base oil (100 ° C. viscosity 5.7 mm 2 / s, aromatic component 4.1 wt%, sulfur content 11.0Ppm, nitrogen content 89.0Ppm) and 150N-2 (100 ℃ viscosity 5.5 mm 2 / s, aromatic component 0.5 wt%, sulfur content 0.5 ppm, nitrogen content 0.1 ppm).
Using the base oil, a lubricating oil composition having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared, and the friction coefficient (μ) and wear scar diameter (mm) were determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0018]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003613530
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003613530
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention has excellent low wear properties and excellent friction characteristics. For example, as lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, automatic transmissions, shock absorbers, power steering, etc., particularly as lubricating oil for internal combustion engines. Preferably used.

Claims (2)

潤滑油基油に対し、組成物全重量に基づき、(A)第二級アルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛と第一級アルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とを、その中のりん量が総りん量に対してそれぞれ50〜100重量%及び50〜0重量%になるように含有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん量として0.04〜0.12重量%、(B)全塩基価が200〜300mgKOH/gであるカルシウムスルホネートと全塩基価が10〜100mgKOH/gであるカルシウムサリシレートとを、それぞれ1.0〜3.0重量%及び0.3〜2.5重量%、及び(C)炭素数8〜23の炭化水素基を有する硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカルバメートを、モリブデン量として50〜2000ppm含有させ、かつ、全塩基価2〜13mgKOH/gであることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。Based on the total weight of the composition, (A) zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having secondary alkyl groups and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having primary alkyl groups, based on the total weight of the composition, Containing dialkyldithiophosphate zinc in an amount of 50 to 100% by weight and 50 to 0% by weight with respect to the total amount of phosphorus, 0.04 to 0.12% by weight, (B) total base value is a calcium salicylate is calcium sulfonate and a total base number is 10 to 100 mg / g is 200~300mgKOH / g, respectively 1.0 to 3.0 wt% and 0.3 to 2.5 wt%, and (C) a sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate having a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 23 carbon atoms, 50~2000Ppm contained as molybdenum amount, and the total base number Lubricating oil composition which is a to 13 mg KOH / g. 潤滑油基油が、芳香族成分3.0重量%以下、硫黄分50ppm以下及び窒素分50ppm以下の水素化分解油及び/又はワックス異性化油である請求項1記載の潤滑油組成物。The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating base oil is a hydrocracked oil and / or wax isomerized oil having an aromatic component of 3.0 wt% or less, a sulfur content of 50 ppm or less, and a nitrogen content of 50 ppm or less.
JP14867093A 1993-05-27 1993-05-27 Lubricating oil composition Expired - Lifetime JP3613530B2 (en)

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DE69411563T DE69411563T2 (en) 1993-05-27 1994-05-27 LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION
EP94918149A EP0700425B1 (en) 1993-05-27 1994-05-27 Lubricating oil composition
AU69595/94A AU694122B2 (en) 1993-05-27 1994-05-27 Lubricating oil composition
CA002163206A CA2163206C (en) 1993-05-27 1994-05-27 Lubricating oil composition
PCT/US1994/006002 WO1994028095A1 (en) 1993-05-27 1994-05-27 Lubricating oil composition
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