JP3556355B2 - Lubricating oil composition - Google Patents

Lubricating oil composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3556355B2
JP3556355B2 JP28933895A JP28933895A JP3556355B2 JP 3556355 B2 JP3556355 B2 JP 3556355B2 JP 28933895 A JP28933895 A JP 28933895A JP 28933895 A JP28933895 A JP 28933895A JP 3556355 B2 JP3556355 B2 JP 3556355B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
group
carbon atoms
zinc
lubricating oil
oil composition
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Expired - Lifetime
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JP28933895A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH09104888A (en
Inventor
三好 丸茂
聡 浅野
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Tonen General Sekiyu KK
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Tonen General Sekiyu KK
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Priority to JP28933895A priority Critical patent/JP3556355B2/en
Priority to CA002185716A priority patent/CA2185716A1/en
Priority to AU68126/96A priority patent/AU6812696A/en
Priority to ES96307382T priority patent/ES2159692T3/en
Priority to EP96307382A priority patent/EP0768366B1/en
Priority to DE69613304T priority patent/DE69613304T2/en
Priority to SG1996010859A priority patent/SG63672A1/en
Publication of JPH09104888A publication Critical patent/JPH09104888A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3556355B2 publication Critical patent/JP3556355B2/en
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/10Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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    • C10M135/04Hydrocarbons
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    • C10M135/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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    • C10M135/06Esters, e.g. fats
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    • C10M135/08Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
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    • C10M135/12Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M135/14Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
    • C10M135/18Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
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    • C10M2209/08Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、新規な潤滑油組成物に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、優れた低摩擦性及び高い摩耗防止性を有し、かつ、窒素酸化物ガスを含む空気雰囲気中でも劣化せず、長期にわたり低摩擦性を持続する、内燃機関、自動変速機、緩衝器、パワーステアリングなどの潤滑油、特に内燃機関用潤滑油として高い燃費性能を実現することができる潤滑油組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
内燃機関や、自動変速機、緩衝器、パワーステアリングなどの駆動系機器、ギヤなどには、その作動を円滑にするために潤滑油が用いられている。特に内燃機関用潤滑油は、主としてピストンリングとシリンダライナ、クランク軸やコネクティングロッドの軸受、カムとバルブリフタを含む動弁機構など、各種摺動部分の潤滑のほか、エンジン内の冷却や燃焼生成物の清浄分散、さらには錆や腐食を防止するなどの作用を果たす。
このように、内燃機関用潤滑油には多様な性能が要求され、しかも近年の内燃機関の低燃費化、高出力化、運転条件の過酷化などの高性能化に伴い、高度な潤滑油性能が要求されてきている。内燃機関用潤滑油の基本的機能として、特に、あらゆる条件下で機関を円滑に作動させ、摩耗、焼付き防止を行うことが重要である。エンジン潤滑部は、大部分が流体潤滑状態にあるが、動弁系やピストンの上下死点などでは境界潤滑状態となりやすい。
一方、内燃機関における燃焼ガスは、その一部がピストンとシリンダの間からブローバイガスとしてクランクケース内に漏洩する。燃焼ガス中には窒素酸化物ガスがかなり高濃度で含まれていて、これがブローバイガス中の酸素と共に内燃機関用潤滑油を劣化させる。近年における内燃機関の高性能化により、クランクケース内に漏洩する窒素酸化物ガスの濃度が増加する傾向にある。したがって、内燃機関用潤滑油には、上記の要求性能を満たし、窒素酸化物ガス含有空気雰囲気下においても劣化を生じないために、例えば、摩耗防止剤、金属系清浄剤、摩擦調整剤、無灰分散剤、酸化防止剤などの種々の添加剤が配合される。
内燃機関では、潤滑油が関与する摩擦部分でのエネルギー損失が大きいために、摩擦損失低減や燃費低減対策として、摩擦調整剤が潤滑油に添加される。摩擦調整剤としては、例えば、有機モリブデン化合物、脂肪酸エステル、アルキルアミンなどが一般に用いられる。しかし、これらの摩擦調整剤は使用開始初期には添加効果が認められるが、空気中の酸素による酸化劣化を受けるとその効果を喪失し、特に窒素酸化物ガスの存在下ではその効果の低減が著しい。
内燃機関の燃費性能を向上する手段としては、摩擦調整剤を添加するほか、潤滑油の低粘度化や、第一級アルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の添加が行われている。しかし、潤滑油の低粘度化や、第一級アルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の添加を行うと、摩耗防止性が低下するという問題が生ずる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、窒素酸化物ガスの影響を受けることなく、エンジンの摩擦低減効果を長期にわたって維持することができる、優れた低摩擦性と高い摩耗防止性の両性能を兼ね備えた潤滑油組成物を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、潤滑油基油に対して、ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛、特定の硫黄化合物、及び、硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート又は硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートを、それぞれ特定の割合で配合した潤滑油組成物が、その目的に適合しうることを見いだし、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)潤滑油基油に対して、(A)一般式[1]で表されるジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛
【化5】

Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R、R、R及びRは、炭素数1〜20の第一級アルキル基である。)、
一般式[2]で表されるジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛
【化6】
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R、R、R及びRは、炭素数3〜7の第二級アルキル基である。)、
(B)炭素数が2〜18のアルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛、ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸銅又はジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸ニッケル、炭素数が2〜18のアルキル基を有するダイサルファイド、炭素数が6〜18のアリール基又は炭素数が7〜18のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基を有するダイサルファイド、炭素数が3〜24でかつ硫黄を含む置換基を有するチアジアゾール化合物、硫化オレフィン、硫化魚油及び硫化鯨油よりなる群より選ばれた1種又は2種以上の硫黄化合物、及び、
(C)一般式[3]で表される硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート
【化7】
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R、R10、R11及びR12は、炭素数1〜30のアルキル基、炭素数5〜30のシクロアルキル基、炭素数6〜30のアリール基又は炭素数7〜30のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基であり、Xは酸素又は硫黄である。)、又は、
一般式[4]で表される硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェート
【化8】
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R13、R14、R15及びR16は、炭素数1〜30のアルキル基、炭素数5〜30のシクロアルキル基、炭素数6〜30のアリール基又は炭素数7〜30のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基であり、Xは酸素又は硫黄である。)
を配合した潤滑油組成物であって、(A)ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛のりん含有量の重量割合が20:80〜80:20であって、かつジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及びジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛に由来するりんの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の0.07〜0.15重量%であり、(B)ジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及び硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメートを除く硫黄化合物に由来する硫黄の量が潤滑油組成物全重量の300〜1,200ppm(重量比)であり、(C)硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート又は硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートに由来するモリブデンの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の200〜2,000ppm(重量比)であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物、
を提供するものである。
さらに、本発明の好ましい態様として、
(2)ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛のりん含有量の重量割合が25:75〜80:20である第(1)項記載の潤滑油組成物、及び、
(3)一般式[1]におけるR、R、R及びRが炭素数8〜13の第一級アルキル基であり、一般式[2]におけるR、R、R及びRが炭素数4〜6の第二級アルキル基である第(1)項又は第(2)項記載の潤滑油組成物、
を提供するものである。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の潤滑油組成物において用いられる潤滑油基油については特に制限はなく、従来潤滑油の基油として慣用されているもの、例えば、鉱油や合成油を使用することができる。鉱油としては、潤滑油原料をフェノール、フルフラールなどの芳香族抽出溶剤を用いた溶剤精製により得られるラフィネート、シリカ−アルミナを担体とするコバルト、モリブデンなどの水素化処理触媒を用いた水素化処理により得られる水素化処理油、又はワックスの異性化により得られる潤滑油留分などの鉱油、例えば、60ニュートラル油、100ニュートラル油、150ニュートラル油、300ニュートラル油、500ニュートラル油、ブライトストックなどを挙げることができる。
一方、合成油としては、例えば、ポリ−α−オレフィンオリゴマー、ポリブテン、アルキルベンゼン、ポリオールエステル、ポリグリコールエステル、二塩基酸エステル、りん酸エステル、シリコーン油などを挙げることができる。これらの基油はそれぞれ単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよく、また鉱油と合成油とを混合使用してもよい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物において用いられる基油としては、100℃における粘度が3〜20mm/sの範囲にあるものが好適であり、なかでも、芳香族成分3重量%以下、硫黄分50ppm(重量比)以下及び窒素分50ppm(重量比)以下の水素化処理油及びワックス異性化油が特に好適である。
【0006】
本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、一般式[1]で表されるジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及び一般式[2]で表されるジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を配合する。
【化9】
Figure 0003556355
一般式[1]において、R、R、R及びRは、炭素数1〜20の第一級アルキル基であり、それらはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。第一級アルキル基とは、一般式[1]において、酸素原子と直接結合している炭素原子に2個の水素原子と1個の炭素原子が結合しているアルキル基又は酸素原子と直接結合している炭素原子に3個の水素原子が結合しているアルキル基である。一般式[1]における第一級アルキル基は、直鎖状であっても、分岐状であってもよく、このような第一級アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基などを挙げることができる。本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、炭素数3〜12の第一級アルキル基を有するジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を特に好適に用いることができる。
一般式[2]において、R、R、R及びRは、炭素数3〜7の第二級アルキル基であり、それらはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。第二級アルキル基とは、一般式[2]において、酸素原子と直接結合している炭素原子に1個の水素原子と2個の炭素原子が結合しているアルキル基である。このような第二級アルキル基としては、例えば、イソプロピル基、第二級ブチル基、1−メチルブチル基、1−メチルペンチル基、1−メチルヘキシル基、1−エチルプロピル基、1−エチルブチル基、1−エチルペンチル基、1−n−プロピルブチル基、1,2−ジメチルプロピル基、1,2−ジメチルブチル基、1,3−ジメチルブチル基、1,2−ジメチルペンチル基、1,3−ジメチルペンチル基、1,4−ジメチルペンチル基、1−エチル−2−メチルプロピル基、1−エチル−2−メチルブチル基、1−エチル−3−メチルブチル基、1−イソプロピルブチル基、1−イソプロピル−2−メチルプロピル基などを挙げることができる。
【0007】
本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、一般式[1]で表されるジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛と一般式[2]で表されるジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛をりん含有量の重量割合で20:80〜80:20となるよう、好ましくは25:75〜80:20となるよう、さらに好ましくは30:70〜70:30となるよう潤滑油基油に配合する。ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛をりん含有量の重量割合で20:80〜80:20となるよう配合することにより、摩耗防止性を低下させることなく、低摩擦性を向上することができる。ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛のりん含有量の重量割合が20:80未満で、ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の割合が少ないと、潤滑油組成物の低摩擦性が不十分となるおそれがある。ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛のりん含有量の重量割合が80:20を超え、ジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の割合が少ないと、潤滑油組成物の摩耗防止性が低下するおそれがある。
本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及びジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、これらに由来するりんの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の0.07〜0.15重量%、好ましくは0.08〜0.10重量%になるよう配合する。ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及びジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛に由来するりんの量が、潤滑油組成物全重量の0.07重量%未満であると、摩耗防止性が不十分となるおそれがある。ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及びジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛に由来するりんの量が、潤滑油組成物全重量の0.15重量%を超えると、その量の増加の割には効果の向上が認められない。
【0008】
本発明の潤滑油組成物には、炭素数が2〜18のアルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛、ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸銅若しくはジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸ニッケル、アルキル基の炭素数が2〜18であるテトラアルキルチウラムダイサルファイド、炭素数が2〜18のアルキル基を有するダイサルファイド、炭素数が6〜18のアリール基又は炭素数7〜18アルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基を有するダイサルファイド、炭素数が3〜24でかつ硫黄を含む置換基を有するチアジアゾール化合物、硫化オレフィン、硫化魚油及び硫化鯨油よりなる群より選ばれた1種又は2種以上の硫黄化合物を配合する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物に配合するジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸塩としては、一般式[5]で表される化合物を用いる。
【化10】
Figure 0003556355
一般式[5]において、Mは亜鉛、銅又はニッケルであり、R17、R18、R19及びR20は炭素数2〜18のアルキル基であり、それらはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。一般式[5]において、R17、R18、R19及びR20で表される炭素数2〜18のアルキル基は、直鎖状でも、分岐状であってもよく、例えば、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基などを挙げることができる。
本発明の潤滑油組成物に配合するテトラアルキルチウラムダイサルファイドとしては、一般式[6]で表される化合物を用いる。
【化11】
Figure 0003556355
一般式[6]において、R21、R22、R23及びR24は炭素数2〜18のアルキル基であり、それらはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。一般式[6]において、R21、R22、R23及びR24で表される炭素数2〜18のアルキル基は、直鎖状でも、分岐状であってもよく、例えば、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基などを挙げることができる。
【0009】
本発明の潤滑油組成物に配合するダイサルファイドとしては、一般式[7]で表される化合物を用いる。
25−S−S−R26 …[7]
一般式[7]において、R25及びR26は炭素数2〜18のアルキル基、炭素数6〜18のアリール基又は炭素数7〜18のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基であり、好ましくは炭素数6〜12のアルキル基、炭素数6〜12のアリール基又は炭素数7〜12のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基であり、それらはたがいに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。一般式[7]において、R25及びR26で表される炭素数2〜18のアルキル基は、直鎖状でも、分岐状であってもよく、例えば、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基などを挙げることができ、また、R25及びR26で表される炭素数6〜18のアリール基、炭素数7〜18のアルキルアリール基及びアリールアルキル基としては、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ベンジル基、フェネチル基、メチルベンジル基、ジフェニルメチル基などを挙げることができる。本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、ダイサルファイドとしてジベンジルダイサルファイドを特に好適に使用することができる。
本発明の潤滑油組成物に配合する硫黄を含む置換基を有するチアジアゾール化合物としては、一般式[8]
【化12】
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R27及びR28は炭素数3〜24でかつ硫黄原子を1個以上含む1価の基であり、それらはたがいに同一でも異なっていてもよい。)
で表される化合物を用いる。
一般式[8]におけるR27及びR28で表される炭素数が3〜24でかつ硫黄原子を1個以上を含む1価の基としては、例えば、5−チアノニル基、2,5−ジチアヘキシル基、3,4−ジチアヘキシル基、4,5−ジチアヘキシル基、3,4,5−トリチアヘプチル基、3,4,5,6−テトラチアオクチル基、5−チア−2−ヘプテニル基、4−チアシクロヘキシル基、1,4−ジチアナフチル基、5−(メチルチオ)オクチル基、4−(エチルチオ)−2−ペンテニル基、4−(メチルチオ)シクロヘキシル基、4−メルカプトフェニル基、4−(メチルチオ)フェニル基、4−(ヘキシルチオ)ベンジル基などを挙げることができる。これらの中で、式[9]で表される3,4−ジチアヘキシル基、式[10]で表される4,5−ジチアヘキシル基、式[11]で表される3,4,5−トリチアヘプチル基、式[12]で表される3,4,5,6−テトラチアオクチル基などのように、鎖中において2〜4個の硫黄原子が連続して結合した基が特に好ましい。
CHCH−S−S−CHCH− …[9]
CH−S−S−CHCHCH− …[10]
CHCH−S−S−S−CHCH− …[11]
CHCH−S−S−S−S−CHCH− …[12]
本発明の潤滑油組成物に配合する硫化オレフィンは、イソブチレンなどの重合物を硫化処理して得られる硫黄含有量が25〜40重量%の硫化オレフィン(多硫化物)であり、硫化魚油及び硫化鯨油は、魚油及び鯨油を同様に硫化処理して得られるものである。
本発明の潤滑油組成物において、一般式[5]で表されるジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸塩、一般式[6]で表されるテトラアルキルチウラムダイサルファイド、一般式[7]で表されるダイサルファイド、一般式[8]で表されるチアジアゾール化合物、硫化オレフィン、硫化魚油及び硫化鯨油は、1種を単独で用いることができ、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。これらの硫黄化合物は、硫黄化合物に由来する硫黄の量が潤滑油組成物全重量の300〜1,200ppm(重量比)になるよう配合する。硫黄化合物の配合量が、硫黄化合物に由来する硫黄の量が潤滑油組成物全重量の300ppm(重量比)未満となる量であっても、1,200ppm(重量比)を超える量であっても、摩擦低減を長期にわたって持続する効果が不十分となるおそれがある。
【0010】
本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、一般式[3]で表される硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート、又は、一般式[4]で表される硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートを配合する。
【化13】
Figure 0003556355
一般式[3]において、R、R10、R11及びR12は、炭素数1〜30の炭化水素基であり、Xは酸素又は硫黄である。一般式[3]において、R、R10、R11及びR12で表される炭化水素基は、すべて同一であっても、異なっていてもよい。また、一般式[3]において、すべてのXが硫黄又は酸素であってもよく、また一部のXが硫黄で、残りのXが酸素であってもよい。R、R10、R11及びR12で表される炭化水素基としては、例えば、炭素数1〜30のアルキル基、炭素数2〜30のアルケニル基、炭素数5〜30のシクロアルキル基、炭素数6〜30のアリール基、炭素数7〜30のアルキルアリール基及びアリールアルキル基などを挙げることができる。炭素数1〜30の炭化水素基の具体例としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、オクテニル基、ノネニル基、デセニル基、ウンデセニル基、ドデセニル基、トリデセニル基、シクロヘキシル基、ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、エチルシクロヘキシル基、メチルシクロヘキシルメチル基、シクロヘキシルエチル基、プロピルシクロヘキシル基、ブチルシクロヘキシル基、ヘプチルシクロヘキシル基、フェニル基、ベンジル基、ジメチルフェニル基、メチルベンジル基、フェネチル基、ナフチル基、ジメチルナフチル基などを挙げることができる。本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、一般式[3]において、R、R10、R11及びR12が炭素数8〜13のアルキル基であることが特に好ましい。
【0011】
一般式[4]において、R13、R14、R15及びR16は、炭素数1〜30の炭化水素基であり、Xは酸素又は硫黄である。一般式[4]において、R13、R14、R15及びR16で表される炭化水素基は、すべて同一であっても、異なっていてもよい。また、一般式[4]において、すべてのXが硫黄又は酸素であってもよく、また一部のXが硫黄で、残りのXが酸素であってもよい。R13、R14、R15及びR16で表される炭化水素基としては、例えば、炭素数1〜30のアルキル基、炭素数2〜30のアルケニル基、炭素数5〜30のシクロアルキル基、炭素数6〜30のアリール基、炭素数7〜30のアルキルアリール基及びアリールアルキル基などを挙げることができる。炭素数1〜30の炭化水素基の具体例としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、オクテニル基、ノネニル基、デセニル基、ウンデセニル基、ドデセニル基、トリデセニル基、シクロヘキシル基、ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、エチルシクロヘキシル基、メチルシクロヘキシルメチル基、シクロヘキシルエチル基、プロピルシクロヘキシル基、ブチルシクロヘキシル基、ヘプチルシクロヘキシル基、フェニル基、ベンジル基、ジメチルフェニル基、メチルベンジル基、フェネチル基、ナフチル基、ジメチルナフチル基などを挙げることができる。本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、一般式[4]において、R13、R14、R15及びR16が炭素数8〜13のアルキル基であることが特に好ましい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート又は硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートは、1種用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート及び硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートは、硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート及び硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートに由来するモリブテンの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の200〜2,000ppm(重量比)となるよう、好ましくは300〜800ppm(重量比)となるよう配合する。硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート又は硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートの配合量が、硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート及び硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートに由来するモリブテンの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の200ppm(重量比)未満となる量であると、低摩擦性の向上効果が十分に発揮されないおそれがある。硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート又は硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートの配合量が、硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート及び硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートに由来するモリブテンの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の2,000ppm(重量比)を超える量であると、その量の増加の割には効果の向上が認められず、またスラッジなどの原因となるおそれがある。
【0012】
本発明の潤滑油組成物には、本発明の目的が損なわれない範囲で、従来潤滑油に慣用されている各種添加剤、例えば、他の摩擦調整剤、金属系清浄剤、他の摩耗防止剤、無灰分散剤、酸化防止剤、粘度指数向上剤、流動点降下剤、消泡剤、防錆剤、腐食防止剤などを適宜配合することができる。
他の摩擦調整剤としては、例えば、多価アルコール部分エステル、アミン、アミド、硫化エステルなどを挙げることができる。
金属系清浄剤としては、例えば、カルシウムサリシレート、マグネシウムサリシレート、カルシウムスルフォネート、マグネシウムスルフォネート、バリウムスルフォネート、カルシウムフェネート、バリウムフェネートなどを挙げることができる。これらの金属系清浄剤は、通常0.1〜5.0重量%の割合で配合される。
他の摩耗防止剤としては、例えば、チオりん酸金属塩、硫黄化合物、りん酸エステル、亜りん酸エステルなどを挙げることができる。これらの摩耗防止剤は、通常0.05〜5.0重量%の割合で配合される。
無灰分散剤としては、例えば、コハク酸イミド系、コハク酸アミド系、ベンジルアミン系、エステル系の無灰分散剤などを挙げることができる。これらの無灰分散剤は、通常0.5〜7.0重量%の割合で配合される。
酸化防止剤としては、例えば、2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−4−メチルフェノール、4,4’−メチレンビス(2,6−ジ−t−ブチルフェノール)などのフェノール系酸化防止剤などを挙げることができる。これらの酸化防止剤は、通常0.05〜4.0重量%の割合で配合される。
粘度指数向上剤としては、例えば、ポリメタクリレート系、ポリイソブチレン系、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体系、スチレン−ブタジエン水添共重合体系などを挙げることができる。これらの粘度指数向上剤は、通常0.5〜35重量%の割合で配合される。
流動点降下剤としては、例えば、ポリアルキルメタクリレート、塩素化パラフィン−ナフタレン縮合物、アルキル化ポリスチレンなどを挙げることができる。
消泡剤としては、例えば、ジメチルポリシロキサンやポリアクリル酸などを挙げることができる。
防錆剤としては、例えば、脂肪酸、アルケニルコハク酸部分エステル、脂肪酸セッケン、アルキルスルフォン酸塩、脂肪酸多価アルコールエステル、脂肪酸アミン、酸化パラフィン、アルキルポリオキシエチレンエーテルなどを挙げることができる。
腐食防止剤としては、例えば、ベンゾトリアゾールやベンゾイミダゾールなどを挙げることができる。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によりなんら限定されるものではない。
なお、平均カム摩耗量は、ASTM RR:D−2:1226にしたがって測定した。
潤滑油組成物の摩擦係数は、往復動すべり摩擦試験機[SRV摩擦試験機]を用い、振動数50Hz、振幅3mm、荷重25N、温度80℃、試験時間25分において測定した。
窒素酸化物ガス含有空気による酸化試験は、試験油150mlについて、温度130℃、窒素酸化物(NO)濃度1容量%、流速2リットル/時、試験時間8時間で行った。
実施例1
100℃における粘度が4.0mm/sのパラフィン系鉱油に、金属系清浄剤としてカルシウムスルフォネートを2.0重量%、無灰分散剤としてコハク酸イミドを5.0重量%、酸化防止剤としてヒンダードフェノールを1.0重量%、粘度指数向上剤としてポリアルキルメタクリレートを5.0重量%、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が80:20になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう、ジベンジルダイサルファイドを硫黄の量が500ppm(重量比)になるよう、硫化オキシモリブデン−N,N−ジオクチルジチオカーバメートをモリブデンの量が500ppm(重量比)になるよう配合して潤滑油組成物を調製した。
この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、6.8milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.11であった。
実施例2
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が75:25になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、5.5milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.11であった。
実施例3
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が70:30になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、4.6milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.11であった。
実施例4
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が50:50になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、3.6milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.12であった。
実施例5
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が30:70になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、2.5milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.13であった。
実施例6
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が25:75になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、2.2milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.13であった。
実施例7
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が20:80になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、2.0milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.12、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.14であった。
実施例8
潤滑油基油として100℃における粘度が4.0mm/sのポリ−α−オレフィンを用いた以外は、実施例4と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。
この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、3.5milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.12であった。
実施例9
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が50:50になり、りんの量が0.08重量%になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、4.5milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.13であった。
実施例10
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が50:50になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合し、ジベンジルダイサルファイドを硫黄の量が300ppm(重量比)になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、4.2milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.13であった。
実施例11
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が50:50になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合し、ジベンジルダイサルファイドを硫黄の量が1,200ppm(重量比)になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、3.5milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.14であった。
実施例12
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が30:70になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合し、ジベンジルダイサルファイドの代わりに、2,5−ジ(4,5−ジチアノニル)−1,3,4−チアジアゾールを硫黄の量が500ppm(重量比)になるよう配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。
この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、2.8milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.13であった。
実施例1〜12の結果を、まとめて第1表に示す。
【0014】
【表1】
Figure 0003556355
【0015】
【表2】
Figure 0003556355
【0016】
実施例1〜12の本発明の潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量はすべて小さく、これらの潤滑油組成物はいずれも優れた摩耗防止性を有している。また、実施例1〜12の本発明の潤滑油組成物は、調製直後の摩擦係数が低く良好な摩擦特性を示し、かつ、窒素酸化物ガスの存在下、130℃で8時間加熱して酸化したのちも摩擦係数にはほとんど変化がなく、これらの潤滑油組成物は良好な耐酸化性を有していることが分かる。さらに、実施例1〜7の結果を比較すると、第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の量が多いほど耐酸化性に優れ、第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の量が多いほど摩耗防止性に優れることが分かる。
比較例1
100℃における粘度が4.0mm/sのパラフィン系鉱油に、金属系清浄剤としてカルシウムスルフォネートを2.0重量%、無灰分散剤としてコハク酸イミドを5.0重量%、酸化防止剤としてヒンダードフェノールを1.0重量%、粘度指数向上剤としてポリアルキルメタクリレートを5.0重量%、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう、ジベンジルダイサルファイドを硫黄の量が500ppm(重量比)になるよう、硫化オキシモリブデン−N,N−ジオクチルジチオカーバメートをモリブデンの量が500ppm(重量比)になるよう配合して潤滑油組成物を調製した。
この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、14.0milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.11であった。
比較例2
比較例1のジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛の代わりに、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ−1−メチルブチルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が90:10になり、りんの量が0.10重量%になるよう配合した以外は、比較例1と同じ配合の潤滑油組成物を調製した。この潤滑油組成物を用いたときの平均カム摩耗量は、10.5milであった。また、この潤滑油組成物の調製直後の摩擦係数は0.11、酸化試験後の摩擦係数は0.11であった。
比較例3〜8
第2表に示す配合の潤滑油組成物を調製し、平均カム摩耗量、調製直後の摩擦係数及び酸化試験後の摩擦係数を測定した。
比較例1〜8の配合及び結果を、まとめて第2表に示す。
【0017】
【表3】
Figure 0003556355
【0018】
ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を配合し、ジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を配合しない比較例1の潤滑油組成物は、ジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛に由来するりんの量が実施例1と同じであっても、平均カム摩耗量が大きく、摩耗防止性に劣る。ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の配合量が多く、ジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の配合量が少ない比較例2の潤滑油組成物も、摩耗防止性は不良である。
ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の配合量が少なく、ジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛の配合量が多い比較例3の潤滑油組成物は、平均カム摩耗量が少なく摩耗防止性は良好であるが、酸化試験後の摩擦係数が大きく、耐酸化性に劣る。ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を配合せず、ジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛のみを配合した比較例4の潤滑油組成物は、摩耗防止性はさらに良好となるが、調製直後から摩擦係数が高く、低摩擦性に欠ける。
ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛を、りん含有量の重量割合が50:50になるよう使用しているが、その配合量が少なく、ジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛に由来するりんの量が0.06ppm(重量比)である比較例5の潤滑油組成物は、摩耗防止性に劣る上に、耐酸化性も不良である。
硫黄化合物を全く配合しない比較例6の潤滑油組成物と、ジベンジルダイサルファイドを硫黄の量が1,500ppm(重量比)になるよう配合した比較例7の潤滑油組成物は、いずれも酸化試験後の摩擦係数が高く、良好な耐酸化性を付与するには適量の硫黄化合物の配合が必要であることが分かる。
硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメートを全く配合しない比較例8の潤滑油組成物は、調製直後から摩擦係数が高く、低摩擦性に劣っている。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、優れた摩耗防止性を有するとともに、高温かつ窒素酸化物の存在下においても耐酸化性を発揮して良好な低摩擦性を持続し、内燃機関用潤滑油として好適に使用することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel lubricating oil compositions. More specifically, the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, an automatic combustion engine, and the like, which have excellent low friction properties and high anti-wear properties, do not deteriorate even in an air atmosphere containing nitrogen oxide gas, and maintain low friction properties for a long time. The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition capable of realizing high fuel efficiency as a lubricating oil for a transmission, a shock absorber, a power steering and the like, particularly a lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Lubricating oil is used in internal combustion engines, automatic transmissions, shock absorbers, drive system devices such as power steering, gears, and the like in order to facilitate their operations. In particular, lubricating oil for internal combustion engines mainly lubricates various sliding parts such as piston rings and cylinder liners, bearings for crankshafts and connecting rods, and valve mechanisms including cams and valve lifters, as well as cooling and combustion products in the engine. And acts to prevent rust and corrosion.
As described above, various performances are required for lubricating oils for internal combustion engines, and in addition to the recent high performance of internal combustion engines such as low fuel consumption, high output, and severe operating conditions, advanced lubricating oil performance is required. Has been required. As a basic function of a lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine, it is particularly important to operate the engine smoothly under all conditions to prevent wear and seizure. Most of the engine lubrication unit is in a fluid lubrication state, but is likely to be in a boundary lubrication state in a valve train, a vertical dead center of a piston, and the like.
On the other hand, a part of the combustion gas in the internal combustion engine leaks into the crankcase as blow-by gas from between the piston and the cylinder. The combustion gas contains a considerably high concentration of nitrogen oxide gas, which deteriorates the lubricating oil for internal combustion engines together with the oxygen in the blow-by gas. In recent years, the concentration of nitrogen oxide gas leaking into the crankcase tends to increase due to the high performance of internal combustion engines. Therefore, the lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine satisfies the above-mentioned required performance and does not deteriorate even in an air atmosphere containing a nitrogen oxide gas. For example, an anti-wear agent, a metal-based detergent, a friction modifier, Various additives such as an ash dispersant and an antioxidant are blended.
In an internal combustion engine, a friction modifier is added to lubricating oil as a measure for reducing friction loss and reducing fuel consumption because energy loss is large in a friction portion involving lubricating oil. As the friction modifier, for example, organic molybdenum compounds, fatty acid esters, alkylamines and the like are generally used. However, these friction modifiers have an effect of being added at the beginning of use, but lose their effect when subjected to oxidative deterioration due to oxygen in the air, and the effect is reduced especially in the presence of nitrogen oxide gas. Remarkable.
As means for improving the fuel economy performance of an internal combustion engine, in addition to the addition of a friction modifier, the viscosity of lubricating oil has been reduced, and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group has been added. However, when the viscosity of the lubricating oil is lowered or zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group is added, there arises a problem that the anti-wear property is reduced.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition having both excellent low friction properties and high anti-wear properties, which can maintain the friction reducing effect of an engine for a long period of time without being affected by nitrogen oxide gas. It was made for the purpose of providing.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, with respect to lubricating base oil, zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate and zinc zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate, specific The present inventors have found that a lubricating oil composition containing a sulfur compound and oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide or oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate sulfide at a specific ratio can be adapted to the purpose, and completed the present invention based on this finding. I came to.
That is, the present invention
(1) a lubricating base oil, (A) zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate represented by the general formula [1]
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
(However, in the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 And R 4 Is a primary alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. ),
Zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate represented by the general formula [2]
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
(However, in the formula, R 5 , R 6 , R 7 And R 8 Is a secondary alkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms. ),
(B) zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, copper dialkyldithiocarbamate or nickel dialkyldithiocarbamate having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, disulfide having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, 6 to 18 carbon atoms A disulfide having an aryl group or an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, a thiadiazole compound having 3 to 24 carbon atoms and having a substituent containing sulfur, sulfurized olefin, sulfurized fish oil and sulfurized whale oil One or more sulfur compounds selected from the group; and
(C) Sulfated oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate represented by the general formula [3]
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
(However, in the formula, R 9 , R 10 , R 11 And R 12 Is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkylaryl or arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, and X is oxygen or It is sulfur. ) Or
Sulfated oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate represented by the general formula [4]
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
(However, in the formula, R Thirteen , R 14 , R Fifteen And R 16 Is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkylaryl or arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, and X is oxygen or It is sulfur. )
Wherein the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of (A) zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate and zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate is 20:80 to 80:20. And the amount of phosphorus derived from the zinc zinc primary alkyldithiophosphate and the zinc zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate is 0.07 to 0.15% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition; And (C) oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate, wherein the amount of sulfur derived from sulfur compounds other than zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate is 300 to 1,200 ppm (weight ratio) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Alternatively, the amount of molybdenum derived from oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate is 200 to 2,000 ppm (weight ratio) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Namerayu composition,
Is provided.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
(2) The lubricating oil composition according to (1), wherein the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of the zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate to the zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate is from 25:75 to 80:20. ,as well as,
(3) R in the general formula [1] 1 , R 2 , R 3 And R 4 Is a primary alkyl group having 8 to 13 carbon atoms, and R in the general formula [2] is 5 , R 6 , R 7 And R 8 Is a secondary alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the lubricating oil composition according to (1) or (2),
Is provided.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The lubricating base oil used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and those conventionally used as base oils for lubricating oils, for example, mineral oils and synthetic oils can be used. As mineral oil, lubricating oil raw material is phenol, raffinate obtained by solvent purification using an aromatic extraction solvent such as furfural, cobalt using silica-alumina as a carrier, hydrogenation treatment using a hydrogenation catalyst such as molybdenum, etc. Mineral oils such as the resulting hydrotreated oils or lubricating oil fractions obtained by isomerization of waxes, such as 60 neutral oils, 100 neutral oils, 150 neutral oils, 300 neutral oils, 500 neutral oils, 500 neutral oils, bright stocks and the like. be able to.
On the other hand, examples of the synthetic oil include poly-α-olefin oligomer, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyol ester, polyglycol ester, dibasic acid ester, phosphate ester, and silicone oil. These base oils may be used alone or in combination of two or more, or a mixture of mineral oil and synthetic oil may be used.
The base oil used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has a viscosity of 3 to 20 mm at 100 ° C. 2 / S in the range of, preferably, a hydrogenated oil and a wax isomerized oil having an aromatic component of 3% by weight or less, a sulfur content of 50 ppm (weight ratio) or less, and a nitrogen content of 50 ppm (weight ratio) or less. Is particularly preferred.
[0006]
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate represented by the general formula [1] and zinc zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate represented by the general formula [2] are blended. .
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
In the general formula [1], R 1 , R 2 , R 3 And R 4 Is a primary alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different. The primary alkyl group is an alkyl group in which two hydrogen atoms and one carbon atom are bonded to a carbon atom directly bonded to an oxygen atom or a direct bond to an oxygen atom in the general formula [1]. Is an alkyl group in which three hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon atom. The primary alkyl group in the general formula [1] may be linear or branched. Examples of such a primary alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group. Butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl and the like. it can. In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms can be particularly preferably used.
In the general formula [2], R 5 , R 6 , R 7 And R 8 Is a secondary alkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different. The secondary alkyl group is an alkyl group in formula (2) in which one hydrogen atom and two carbon atoms are bonded to a carbon atom directly bonded to an oxygen atom. Examples of such a secondary alkyl group include, for example, isopropyl, secondary butyl, 1-methylbutyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1-methylhexyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 1-ethylpentyl group, 1-n-propylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1,2-dimethylbutyl group, 1,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethylpentyl group, 1,3- Dimethylpentyl group, 1,4-dimethylpentyl group, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl group, 1-ethyl-2-methylbutyl group, 1-ethyl-3-methylbutyl group, 1-isopropylbutyl group, 1-isopropyl- Examples thereof include a 2-methylpropyl group.
[0007]
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains phosphorus containing a zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate represented by the general formula [1] and a zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate represented by the general formula [2]. It is blended with the lubricating base oil in a weight ratio of 20:80 to 80:20, preferably 25:75 to 80:20, and more preferably 30:70 to 70:30. By mixing zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate and zinc zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate in a weight ratio of phosphorus content of 20:80 to 80:20, the abrasion resistance is not reduced. , Low friction can be improved. When the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of the zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate to the zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate is less than 20:80 and the proportion of the zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate is small, the lubricating oil The low friction property of the composition may be insufficient. If the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of the zinc diprimary alkyldithiophosphate to the zinc zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate exceeds 80:20 and the ratio of the zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate is small, the lubricating oil The anti-wear properties of the composition may be reduced.
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, the zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate and the zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate are used in an amount of 0.07 to 0.07% by weight of the phosphorus derived therefrom based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. 0.15% by weight, preferably 0.08 to 0.10% by weight. If the amount of phosphorus derived from zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate and zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate is less than 0.07% by weight of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, the anti-wear property is insufficient. There is a possibility that. If the amount of phosphorus derived from the zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate and the zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate exceeds 0.15% by weight of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the phosphorus increases. Shows no improvement in the effect.
[0008]
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention includes a zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a copper dialkyldithiocarbamate or a nickel dialkyldithiocarbamate, and a tetraalkylthiuram having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms. Disulfide, disulfide having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or disulfide having an alkylaryl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms or arylalkyl group, 3 to 24 carbon atoms And one or more sulfur compounds selected from the group consisting of thiadiazole compounds having a sulfur-containing substituent, sulfurized olefins, sulfurized fish oil and sulfurized whale oil.
As the dialkyldithiocarbamate compounded in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, a compound represented by the general formula [5] is used.
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
In the general formula [5], M is zinc, copper or nickel; 17 , R 18 , R 19 And R 20 Is an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different. In the general formula [5], R 17 , R 18 , R 19 And R 20 The alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms represented by may be linear or branched, for example, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, Nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl and the like can be mentioned.
As the tetraalkylthiuram disulfide to be added to the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, a compound represented by the general formula [6] is used.
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
In the general formula [6], R 21 , R 22 , R 23 And R 24 Is an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different. In the general formula [6], R 21 , R 22 , R 23 And R 24 The alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms represented by may be linear or branched, for example, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, Nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl and the like can be mentioned.
[0009]
As the disulfide to be added to the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, a compound represented by the general formula [7] is used.
R 25 -SSR 26 … [7]
In the general formula [7], R 25 And R 26 Is an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, It is a 12 aryl group or an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different. In the general formula [7], R 25 And R 26 The alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms represented by may be linear or branched, for example, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, Nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl and the like. 25 And R 26 Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, the alkylaryl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, and the arylalkyl group represented by are phenyl group, naphthyl group, benzyl group, phenethyl group, methylbenzyl group, diphenylmethyl group. And the like. In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, dibenzyl disulfide can be particularly preferably used as disulfide.
The thiadiazole compound having a sulfur-containing substituent to be blended in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is represented by the general formula [8]:
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
(However, in the formula, R 27 And R 28 Is a monovalent group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms and containing at least one sulfur atom, which may be the same or different. )
Is used.
R in the general formula [8] 27 And R 28 Examples of the monovalent group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms and having one or more sulfur atoms include a 5-thianonyl group, a 2,5-dithiahexyl group, a 3,4-dithiahexyl group, 5-dithiahexyl group, 3,4,5-trithiaheptyl group, 3,4,5,6-tetrathiaoctyl group, 5-thia-2-heptenyl group, 4-thiacyclohexyl group, 1,4-dithianaphthyl group , 5- (methylthio) octyl, 4- (ethylthio) -2-pentenyl, 4- (methylthio) cyclohexyl, 4-mercaptophenyl, 4- (methylthio) phenyl, 4- (hexylthio) benzyl Can be mentioned. Among them, the 3,4-dithiahexyl group represented by the formula [9], the 4,5-dithiahexyl group represented by the formula [10], and the 3,4,5-trithyl group represented by the formula [11] A group in which 2 to 4 sulfur atoms are continuously bonded in a chain, such as a thiaheptyl group and a 3,4,5,6-tetrathiaoctyl group represented by the formula [12], is particularly preferable.
CH 3 CH 2 -SS-CH 2 CH 2 -... [9]
CH 3 -SS-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -... [10]
CH 3 CH 2 -S-S-S-CH 2 CH 2 -... [11]
CH 3 CH 2 -S-S-S-S-CH 2 CH 2 -... [12]
The sulfurized olefin blended in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is a sulfurized olefin (polysulfide) having a sulfur content of 25 to 40% by weight obtained by sulfurating a polymer such as isobutylene, and is composed of sulfurized fish oil and sulfurized oil. Whale oil is obtained by similarly sulfurizing fish oil and whale oil.
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, a dialkyldithiocarbamate represented by the general formula [5], a tetraalkylthiuram disulfide represented by the general formula [6], a disulfide represented by the general formula [7], As the thiadiazole compound, the sulfurized olefin, the sulfurized fish oil and the sulfurized whale oil represented by the general formula [8], one type can be used alone, and two or more types can be used in combination. These sulfur compounds are blended so that the amount of sulfur derived from the sulfur compounds is 300 to 1,200 ppm (weight ratio) based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Even if the compounding amount of the sulfur compound is such that the amount of sulfur derived from the sulfur compound is less than 300 ppm (weight ratio) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, the amount exceeds 1,200 ppm (weight ratio). In addition, the effect of maintaining the friction reduction for a long time may be insufficient.
[0010]
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, sulfide oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate represented by the general formula [3] or sulfide oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate represented by the general formula [4] is blended.
Embedded image
Figure 0003556355
In the general formula [3], R 9 , R 10 , R 11 And R 12 Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and X is oxygen or sulfur. In the general formula [3], R 9 , R 10 , R 11 And R 12 May be all the same or different. In the general formula [3], all X may be sulfur or oxygen, or some X may be sulfur and the remaining X may be oxygen. R 9 , R 10 , R 11 And R 12 Examples of the hydrocarbon group represented by are an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, Examples thereof include an alkylaryl group and an arylalkyl group of Formulas 7 to 30. Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, Octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, cyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, ethylcyclohexyl, methylcyclohexylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, propylcyclohexyl, butylcyclohexyl, heptylcyclohexyl, Examples include a phenyl group, a benzyl group, a dimethylphenyl group, a methylbenzyl group, a phenethyl group, a naphthyl group, and a dimethylnaphthyl group. In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, in the general formula [3], R 9 , R 10 , R 11 And R 12 Is particularly preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 13 carbon atoms.
[0011]
In the general formula [4], R Thirteen , R 14 , R Fifteen And R 16 Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and X is oxygen or sulfur. In the general formula [4], R Thirteen , R 14 , R Fifteen And R 16 May be all the same or different. In the general formula [4], all X may be sulfur or oxygen, or some X may be sulfur and the remaining X may be oxygen. R Thirteen , R 14 , R Fifteen And R 16 Examples of the hydrocarbon group represented by are an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, Examples thereof include an alkylaryl group and an arylalkyl group of Formulas 7 to 30. Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, Octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, cyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, ethylcyclohexyl, methylcyclohexylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, propylcyclohexyl, butylcyclohexyl, heptylcyclohexyl, Examples include a phenyl group, a benzyl group, a dimethylphenyl group, a methylbenzyl group, a phenethyl group, a naphthyl group, and a dimethylnaphthyl group. In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, in the general formula [4], R Thirteen , R 14 , R Fifteen And R 16 Is particularly preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 13 carbon atoms.
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, one type of sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate or sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination. In addition, the amount of molybdenum derived from oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide and oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate sulfide is 200 to 2,000 ppm (weight ratio) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. So as to be preferably 300 to 800 ppm (weight ratio). The amount in which the amount of oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide or oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate sulfide is such that the amount of molybdenum derived from oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide and oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate is less than 200 ppm (weight ratio) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. If so, the effect of improving low friction may not be sufficiently exhibited. The amount of oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate or oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate is less than 2,000 ppm (weight ratio) of the molybdenum derived from oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide and oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate sulfide based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. If the amount is an amount, the effect is not improved even though the amount is increased, and sludge may be caused.
[0012]
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, various additives conventionally used in lubricating oils, for example, other friction modifiers, metal-based detergents, and other anti-wear agents, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Agents, ashless dispersants, antioxidants, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, defoamers, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, and the like can be appropriately compounded.
Other friction modifiers include, for example, polyhydric alcohol partial esters, amines, amides, sulfurized esters, and the like.
Examples of the metal-based detergent include calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium sulfonate, magnesium sulfonate, barium sulfonate, calcium phenate, and barium phenate. These metal detergents are usually blended at a ratio of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight.
Examples of other wear inhibitors include metal thiophosphates, sulfur compounds, phosphates, phosphites, and the like. These antiwear agents are usually added at a ratio of 0.05 to 5.0% by weight.
Examples of the ashless dispersants include succinimide-based, succinamide-based, benzylamine-based, and ester-based ashless dispersants. These ashless dispersants are usually added at a ratio of 0.5 to 7.0% by weight.
Examples of the antioxidant include phenolic antioxidants such as 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol and 4,4′-methylenebis (2,6-di-t-butylphenol). be able to. These antioxidants are usually added at a ratio of 0.05 to 4.0% by weight.
Examples of the viscosity index improver include polymethacrylates, polyisobutylenes, ethylene-propylene copolymers, and styrene-butadiene hydrogenated copolymers. These viscosity index improvers are usually added at a ratio of 0.5 to 35% by weight.
Examples of pour point depressants include polyalkyl methacrylate, chlorinated paraffin-naphthalene condensate, and alkylated polystyrene.
Examples of the antifoaming agent include dimethylpolysiloxane and polyacrylic acid.
Examples of the rust preventive include fatty acids, alkenyl succinic acid partial esters, fatty acid soaps, alkyl sulfonates, fatty acid polyhydric alcohol esters, fatty acid amines, paraffin oxide, and alkyl polyoxyethylene ether.
Examples of the corrosion inhibitor include benzotriazole and benzimidazole.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The average cam wear was measured according to ASTM RR: D-2: 1226.
The friction coefficient of the lubricating oil composition was measured using a reciprocating sliding friction tester [SRV friction tester] at a frequency of 50 Hz, an amplitude of 3 mm, a load of 25 N, a temperature of 80 ° C, and a test time of 25 minutes.
The oxidation test using nitrogen oxide gas-containing air was conducted at a temperature of 130 ° C. and a nitrogen oxide (NO x ) Concentration: 1% by volume, flow rate: 2 liters / hour, test time: 8 hours.
Example 1
The viscosity at 100 ° C. is 4.0 mm 2 / S paraffinic mineral oil, 2.0% by weight of calcium sulfonate as a metal detergent, 5.0% by weight of succinimide as an ashless dispersant, and 1.0% by weight of hindered phenol as an antioxidant %, Polyalkyl methacrylate as a viscosity index improver 5.0% by weight, zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate in a weight ratio of phosphorus content of 80:20. The amount of phosphorus is 0.10% by weight, the amount of dibenzyl disulfide is 500 ppm (by weight), the amount of sulfur is 500 ppm (weight ratio), and the amount of oxymolybdenum sulfide-N, N-dioctyldithiocarbamate is 500 ppm. (Weight ratio) to prepare a lubricating oil composition.
The average amount of cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 6.8 mil. The coefficient of friction immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test was 0.11.
Example 2
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were mixed except that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content was 75:25 and the amount of phosphorus was 0.10% by weight. Prepared a lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 1. The average amount of cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 5.5 mil. The coefficient of friction immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test was 0.11.
Example 3
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were mixed except that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content was 70:30 and the phosphorus amount was 0.10% by weight. Prepared a lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 1. The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 4.6 mil. The coefficient of friction immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test was 0.11.
Example 4
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were mixed except that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content was 50:50 and the amount of phosphorus was 0.10% by weight. Prepared a lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 1. The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 3.6 mil. The coefficient of friction immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test was 0.12.
Example 5
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were mixed except that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content was 30:70 and the amount of phosphorus was 0.10% by weight. Prepared a lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 1. The average amount of cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.5 mil. The friction coefficient immediately after preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test was 0.13.
Example 6
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were mixed except that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content was 25:75 and the amount of phosphorus was 0.10% by weight. Prepared a lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 1. The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.2 mil. The friction coefficient immediately after preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test was 0.13.
Example 7
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were mixed except that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content was 20:80 and the amount of phosphorus was 0.10% by weight. Prepared a lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 1. The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.0 mil. The friction coefficient immediately after preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.12, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test was 0.14.
Example 8
4.0mm viscosity at 100 ° C as lubricating base oil 2 A lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 4 was prepared except that the poly-α-olefin of / s was used.
The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 3.5 mil. The coefficient of friction immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test was 0.12.
Example 9
Except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were blended so that the weight ratio of phosphorus content was 50:50 and the amount of phosphorus was 0.08% by weight. Prepared a lubricating oil composition having the same composition as in Example 1. The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 4.5 mil. The friction coefficient immediately after preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test was 0.13.
Example 10
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate are blended so that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content is 50:50 and the amount of phosphorus is 0.10% by weight. A lubricating oil composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that dibenzyl disulfide was blended so that the amount of sulfur was 300 ppm (weight ratio). The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 4.2 mil. The friction coefficient immediately after preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test was 0.13.
Example 11
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate are blended so that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content is 50:50 and the amount of phosphorus is 0.10% by weight. A lubricating oil composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that dibenzyl disulfide was blended so that the amount of sulfur was 1,200 ppm (weight ratio). The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 3.5 mil. The friction coefficient immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test was 0.14.
Example 12
Zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate are blended so that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content is 30:70 and the amount of phosphorus is 0.10% by weight. Example 1 was repeated except that dibenzyl disulfide was replaced with 2,5-di (4,5-dithianonyl) -1,3,4-thiadiazole so that the amount of sulfur was 500 ppm (weight ratio). A lubricating oil composition of the same formulation was prepared.
The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.8 mil. The friction coefficient immediately after preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test was 0.13.
Table 1 summarizes the results of Examples 1 to 12.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003556355
[0015]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003556355
[0016]
When the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention of Examples 1 to 12 were used, the average cam abrasion amounts were all small, and all of these lubricating oil compositions had excellent antiwear properties. Further, the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention of Examples 1 to 12 exhibited low friction coefficient immediately after preparation, exhibited good friction characteristics, and were oxidized by heating at 130 ° C. for 8 hours in the presence of nitrogen oxide gas. After that, the coefficient of friction hardly changed, indicating that these lubricating oil compositions have good oxidation resistance. Furthermore, comparing the results of Examples 1 to 7, the greater the amount of the primary zinc alkyldithiophosphate, the better the oxidation resistance, and the greater the amount of the zinc secondary alkyldithiophosphate, the more excellent the anti-wear property. You can see that.
Comparative Example 1
The viscosity at 100 ° C. is 4.0 mm 2 / S paraffinic mineral oil, 2.0% by weight of calcium sulfonate as a metal detergent, 5.0% by weight of succinimide as an ashless dispersant, and 1.0% by weight of hindered phenol as an antioxidant %, As a viscosity index improver, 5.0% by weight of polyalkyl methacrylate, zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate, and dibenzyl disulfide in an amount of 0.10% by weight. A lubricating oil composition was prepared by blending oxymolybdenum sulfide-N, N-dioctyldithiocarbamate at 500 ppm (weight ratio) so that the amount of molybdenum was 500 ppm (weight ratio).
The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 14.0 mil. The coefficient of friction immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test was 0.11.
Comparative Example 2
Instead of zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate of Comparative Example 1, zinc di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyldithiophosphate were used in a weight ratio of phosphorus content of 90:10. A lubricating oil composition was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the amount of phosphorus was adjusted to be 0.10% by weight. The average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 10.5 mil. The coefficient of friction immediately after the preparation of this lubricating oil composition was 0.11, and the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test was 0.11.
Comparative Examples 3 to 8
Lubricating oil compositions having the formulations shown in Table 2 were prepared, and the average cam wear, the friction coefficient immediately after the preparation, and the friction coefficient after the oxidation test were measured.
Table 2 summarizes the formulations and results of Comparative Examples 1 to 8.
[0017]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003556355
[0018]
The lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 1 containing zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate and not containing zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate has a phosphorous amount derived from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate of Example 1. However, the average cam wear amount is large, and the wear resistance is poor. The lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 2 in which the content of zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate is large and the content of zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate is small is also poor in antiwear properties.
The lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 3 in which the content of zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate is small and the content of zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate is large has a low average cam wear and good antiwear properties. However, the friction coefficient after the oxidation test is large, and the oxidation resistance is poor. The lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 4, in which only zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate was blended without zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate, had even better antiwear properties, but immediately after preparation. High coefficient of friction and lacks low friction.
The zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate and the zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate are used so that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content is 50:50. The lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 5 in which the amount of phosphorus derived from zinc was 0.06 ppm (weight ratio) was inferior in antiwear properties and poor in oxidation resistance.
Both the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 6 containing no sulfur compound and the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 7 containing dibenzyl disulfide so that the amount of sulfur was 1,500 ppm (weight ratio) were oxidized. It can be seen that the coefficient of friction after the test is high, and that an appropriate amount of a sulfur compound must be added to impart good oxidation resistance.
The lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 8 containing no oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate at all had a high coefficient of friction immediately after preparation and was inferior in low friction properties.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention has excellent antiwear properties, exhibits oxidation resistance even at high temperatures and in the presence of nitrogen oxides, maintains good low friction properties, and is used as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines. It can be suitably used.

Claims (1)

潤滑油基油に対して、(A)一般式[1]で表されるジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R、R、R及びRは、炭素数1〜20の第一級アルキル基である。)、
一般式[2]で表されるジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R、R、R及びRは、炭素数3〜7の第二級アルキル基である。)、
(B)炭素数が2〜18のアルキル基を有するジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛、ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸銅又はジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸ニッケル、炭素数が2〜18のアルキル基を有するダイサルファイド、炭素数が6〜18のアリール基又は炭素数が7〜18のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基を有するダイサルファイド、炭素数が3〜24でかつ硫黄を含む置換基を有するチアジアゾール化合物、硫化オレフィン、硫化魚油及び硫化鯨油よりなる群より選ばれた1種又は2種以上の硫黄化合物、及び、
(C)一般式[3]で表される硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R、R10、R11及びR12は、炭素数1〜30のアルキル基、炭素数5〜30のシクロアルキル基、炭素数6〜30のアリール基又は炭素数7〜30のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基であり、Xは酸素又は硫黄である。)、又は、
一般式[4]で表される硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェート
Figure 0003556355
(ただし、式中、R13、R14、R15及びR16は、炭素数1〜30のアルキル基、炭素数5〜30のシクロアルキル基、炭素数6〜30のアリール基又は炭素数7〜30のアルキルアリール基若しくはアリールアルキル基であり、Xは酸素又は硫黄である。)
を配合した潤滑油組成物であって、(A)ジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛とジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛のりん含有量の重量割合が20:80〜80:20であって、かつジ第一級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及びジ第二級アルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛に由来するりんの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の0.07〜0.15重量%であり、(B)ジアルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛及び硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメートを除く硫黄化合物に由来する硫黄の量が潤滑油組成物全重量の300〜1,200ppm(重量比)であり、(C)硫化オキシモリブデンジチオカーバメート又は硫化オキシモリブデンジチオフォスフェートに由来するモリブデンの量が潤滑油組成物全重量の200〜2,000ppm(重量比)であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
(A) Zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate represented by general formula [1] based on lubricating base oil
Figure 0003556355
(Wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are primary alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms),
Zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate represented by the general formula [2]
Figure 0003556355
(Wherein, R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are secondary alkyl groups having 3 to 7 carbon atoms),
(B) zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, copper dialkyldithiocarbamate or nickel dialkyldithiocarbamate having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, disulfide having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, 6 to 18 carbon atoms A disulfide having an aryl group or an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, a thiadiazole compound having 3 to 24 carbon atoms and having a substituent containing sulfur, sulfurized olefin, sulfurized fish oil and sulfurized whale oil One or more sulfur compounds selected from the group; and
(C) Sulfated oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate represented by the general formula [3]
Figure 0003556355
(Wherein, R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or 7 carbon atoms) To 30 alkylaryl or arylalkyl groups, and X is oxygen or sulfur.) Or
Sulfated oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate represented by the general formula [4]
Figure 0003556355
(Wherein, R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or 7 carbon atoms) To 30 alkylaryl or arylalkyl groups, and X is oxygen or sulfur.)
Wherein the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of (A) zinc di-primary alkyldithiophosphate and zinc di-secondary alkyldithiophosphate is 20:80 to 80:20. And the amount of phosphorus derived from the zinc zinc primary alkyldithiophosphate and the zinc zinc disecondary alkyldithiophosphate is 0.07 to 0.15% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition; And (C) oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate, wherein the amount of sulfur derived from sulfur compounds other than zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate is 300 to 1,200 ppm (weight ratio) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Alternatively, the amount of molybdenum derived from oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate is 200 to 2,000 ppm (weight ratio) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Namerayu composition.
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