JP3576278B2 - Tunnel lining components - Google Patents

Tunnel lining components Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3576278B2
JP3576278B2 JP17808995A JP17808995A JP3576278B2 JP 3576278 B2 JP3576278 B2 JP 3576278B2 JP 17808995 A JP17808995 A JP 17808995A JP 17808995 A JP17808995 A JP 17808995A JP 3576278 B2 JP3576278 B2 JP 3576278B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
segment
diameter portion
bag
lining
small
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP17808995A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH094389A (en
Inventor
泉 谷口
順一 後藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ashimori Industry Co Ltd
JFE Metal Products and Engineering Inc
Original Assignee
Ashimori Industry Co Ltd
JFE Metal Products and Engineering Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ashimori Industry Co Ltd, JFE Metal Products and Engineering Inc filed Critical Ashimori Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP17808995A priority Critical patent/JP3576278B2/en
Publication of JPH094389A publication Critical patent/JPH094389A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3576278B2 publication Critical patent/JP3576278B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、シールド工法などによりトンネルを形成する場合における、トンネル内面の覆工部材に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、地中にトンネルを形成する方法として、シールド工法が広く知られている。
【0003】
シールド工法は、図1に示すようにシールド機本体1を推進用ジャッキ2で地山内に押込み、然る後シールド機のテール部の内側において、複数の覆工用セグメント3を組立て、その覆工用セグメント3と地山5との間の余掘り空間4にコンクリートなどの裏込め材を充填するのが一般的である。
【0004】
覆工用セグメント3は図2に示すように、トンネルの底部、両側部及び天井近くを構成する多数(図2においては6個)のA型3a と、天井の両側を構成する2個のB型3b と、天井の頂部を構成するC型3c とよりなっており、シールド機本体1の後部でこれらの覆工用セグメント3を自動的に組立てて、略円筒形のトンネルを形成するのである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながらこの方法では、地盤が軟弱である場合には、覆工用セグメント3を組立てた後裏込め材が硬化するまでの間に地盤に緩みが生じ易い。またシールド機本体1を推進させるための反力は、後方の覆工用セグメント3が支持するのであるが、その覆工用セグメント3の周囲の地山5が緩んでいると、シールド機本体1の反力を支持することが困難である。
【0006】
また覆工用セグメント3の外側に筒状の袋を取付け、当該袋内に裏込め材を充填して膨脹させ、地山5の緩みを防止しつつ、余掘り空間4を充填する方法も考えられる。
【0007】
しかしながら一般にシールド工法においては、複数の覆工用セグメント3の移動・組立て・設置などの作業が自動的に行われるので、かかる自動化の工程中に、覆工用セグメント3の外側に沿ってリング状の袋を設置する工程を付加することは困難である。
【0008】
また個々の覆工用セグメント3の外側に、予め分割された袋を個別に取付けておくことにより、自動化工程に組込むことも考えられるが、個々の袋の端末部が、覆工用セグメント3を組立てる障害とならず、且つ裏込め材を圧入したときにその圧力に耐えつつ、隣接する袋同士が突合わされ、覆工用セグメント3と地山5との間が全体に亙って裏込めされることが必要である。
【0009】
特に裏込め材として遅硬性のモルタルなどを使用する場合には、当該モルタルなどが硬化するまでの間に地山の緩み防止や掘削の反力を確保するためには裏込め材の圧力を10kg/cm程度にまで高める必要があり、袋体として耐圧力を高めると共に、端末部においても高圧に耐える構造が必要とされるのである。
【0010】
本発明はかかる事情に鑑みなされたものであって、覆工用セグメント3の外側に個別に袋体を取付け、覆工用セグメント3を地山5に対して強固に固定することのできる覆工部材を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0011】
【課題を解決する手段】
而して本発明のトンネルの覆工部材は、開削されたトンネルの内面に沿って配置されるセグメントの背面に袋体を配置してなるものであって、当該袋体が、中央部に大径部を有し、両端部に小径部を有する異径の筒状織物よりなり、前記小径部の折畳み幅が前記大径部の直径よりも小さく、当該小径部の両端が偏平に折畳まれて閉塞されており、且つ当該偏平状態の小径部が前記大径部における前記セグメントに接する側に折返された状態でセグメントの背面に止着されており、セグメントを貫通して袋体内に通じる注入口が形成されていることを特徴とするものである。
【0012】
以下本発明を図面に従って説明する。図3は本発明の覆工部材6を示すものであって、7はセグメントである。
【0013】
当該セグメント7は、図2に示す覆工用セグメント3と同様に、複数のセグメント7を組合わせて断面略円形のトンネルの内張りを形成するように、略円弧状に彎曲せしめられている。
【0014】
この図面においては、セグメント7は略円筒面の一部を形成する基板7aと、当該基板7aにおける彎曲の内側及び外側に、彎曲方向に沿って張出した複数の補強板7b,7cとよりなっているが、このセグメント7は図3に示される構造のものに限られるものではなく、一般に覆工用セグメント3として使用されるものをそのまま使用することができる。
【0015】
そして8は当該セグメント7における補強板7c間の、基板7aの彎曲の外側に沿って取付けられた袋体であって、基板7aを貫通して袋体8内に通じる注入口9が形成されている。
【0016】
図4は本発明における袋体8の一端部を示すものであって、10は筒状織物である。この筒状織物10は、中央部に大径部11を有し、両端部には小径部12を有する異径のものとなっている。
【0017】
そして当該筒状織物10の大径部11は、セグメント7の基板7a背面と地山5との最大間隔よりも大きい径を有し、覆工部材6を組立てた状態で袋体8を膨ませたとき、当該袋体8がセグメント7及び地山5に圧接し得るものとするべきである。
【0018】
筒状織物10の前記小径部12は、扁平に折畳んだ状態において前記大径部11の直径より小さい折畳み幅を有し、小径部12の端末は偏平に折畳まれて一対の挟圧片13で挟圧され、閉塞されている。
【0019】
挟圧片13は、適宜の金属製の板などであって、偏平状態の小径部12の端末をこの板で挟み、ボルトなどで締付けることにより小径部12を挟圧することができる。
【0020】
そしてこの小径部12は大径部11との境界部において、セグメント7に接近する方向に折返されており、この状態で小径部12はセグメント7の背面に止着されている。また小径部12の端末を閉塞した挟圧片13は、セグメント7の背面に刻設された凹溝14に嵌合されている。
【0021】
なお小径部12の端末を閉塞する手段としては、前記挟圧片13で挟圧するものに限られるものではなく、縫合など他の手段によることもできる。またこの偏平状態の小径部12をセグメント7の背面に止着するに当っても、ボルトやリベットで固定したり、接着することもできる。
【0022】
【作用】
本発明においては、袋体8を扁平に折畳んだ状態でセグメント7の背面に取付ける。セグメント7が図3に示すように彎曲の外側に補強板7cを有する場合には、袋体8をさらに小さく折畳んで、補強板7cの外縁より突出しないように収容した状態としておくのが好ましい。
【0023】
而してシールド工法などにおいて、図1に示すようにシールド機本体1が前進して掘削を進めた後、シールド機のテール部において本発明の複数の覆工部材6を組立てて覆工を形成する。
【0024】
このとき覆工部材6は、セグメント7の外側に袋体8を取付けたものであるから、従来の工法における覆工用セグメント3と全く同様に取扱うことができ、自動的な覆工の組立て工程に組込むことができる。
【0025】
そして覆工部材6を組立てた後、前記注入口9から袋体8内にモルタルなどの裏込め材を圧入する。この裏込め材の圧力によって袋体8は膨み、図3に示すように袋体8はセグメント7及び地山5に強く圧接され、余掘り空間4を埋めると共に、裏込め材内の水は袋体8の布目から排出される。
【0026】
このとき図4(b)に示すように、袋体8の大径部11が膨むことにより、小径部12は当該大径部11とセグメント7との間に挟持され、また挟圧片13がセグメント7の凹溝14に係止するので、小径部12は挟圧片13から折返された状態に保持される。
【0027】
従って袋体8が膨んだ状態においては、当該袋体8の端末は図4(b)に示されるように、略半球状に膨むこととなり、当該端末に邪魔な部分が突出することがなく、図3に示すように隣接する覆工部材6の袋体8の端末同士が互いに突合わされて圧接する。
【0028】
従って袋体8の端末同士が互いに圧接し、補強し合って袋体8の耐圧力を高めると共に、覆工をシールして地山5からトンネル内への地下水の侵入を阻止することができる。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
従って本発明によれば、裏込め材を高圧で袋体8内に充填することができ、当該袋体8がセグメント7及び地山5に圧接して覆工部材6を地山5に対して固定するので、地山5が軟弱であっても、裏込め材がその軟弱な岩盤の中に侵入して岩盤を緩めることがない。
【0030】
従って軟弱地盤であっても覆工を地山5に対して強固に固定することができ、またシールド機本体1を推進させる反力も、組立てられた覆工部材6を介して地山5でしっかりと支持することができる。
【0031】
また袋体8の小径部12が大径部11に重なるように折返されているので、内圧が作用したときに袋体8の端末が半球状を呈し、高い圧力に耐えることができると共に、隣接する覆工部材6の端末同士が圧接し、セグメント7と地山5との間の全体に亙って裏込め材を充填することができる。
【0032】
また筒状織物10の端末を閉塞した挟圧片13は、セグメント7に刻設された凹溝14に嵌合されているので、袋体8が挟圧片13により傷付けられることがなく、また袋体8の収納にも障害にならない。また挟圧片13が凹溝14に係止されて移動しないので、袋体8に内圧がかかっても端末の半球状の形状が変化することがなく、高い耐圧力を維持できる。
【0033】
さらに本発明においては袋体8の両端部が小径部12であり、その折畳み幅が大径部11の直径より小さいので、袋体8の端末の形状が滑らかとなり、内圧により局部的に大きな力がかかることがないと共に、その小径部12を折返したときに大径部11の側方にはみ出すことがなく、また挟圧片13もコンパクトなものとなる。
【0034】
なお以上の説明においては、本発明をシールド工法における覆工部材として説明しているが、本発明はシールド工法用のものに限られるものではなく、他の工法、例えばアーチ型支保工を用いるトンネルの形成についても適用することができる。この場合には、複数に分割された鋼性支保を本発明におけるセグメント7とし、その外側に袋体8を配置することにより、本発明の覆工部材6とすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】シールド工法を実施する状態を示す概念図
【図2】シールド工法における覆工用セグメントの組立状態を示す概念図
【図3】本発明の覆工部材の中央縦断面図である。
【図4】本発明の袋体の端末部を示すものであって、(a)は筒状織物の端末部を示す側面図であり、(b)は袋体の端末部の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
6 覆工部材
7 セグメント
8 袋体
9 注入口
10 筒状織物
11 大径部
12 小径部
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a lining member for a tunnel inner surface when a tunnel is formed by a shield method or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a shield method has been widely known as a method of forming a tunnel in the ground.
[0003]
In the shield method, as shown in FIG. 1, a shield machine main body 1 is pushed into the ground with a propulsion jack 2, and then a plurality of lining segments 3 are assembled inside a tail portion of the shield machine, and the lining is performed. It is common to fill a backfill material such as concrete in the extra dug space 4 between the use segment 3 and the ground 5.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 2, the lining segment 3 has a large number (six in FIG. 2) of A-shaped members 3a constituting the bottom, both sides and near the ceiling of the tunnel, and two B-shaped members constituting both sides of the ceiling. It consists of a mold 3b and a C-form 3c that forms the top of the ceiling. These lining segments 3 are automatically assembled at the rear of the shield machine body 1 to form a substantially cylindrical tunnel. .
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to this method, when the ground is soft, the ground is likely to loosen after the backing material is hardened after the lining segment 3 is assembled. The reaction force for propelling the shield machine body 1 is supported by the rear lining segment 3. If the ground 5 around the lining segment 3 becomes loose, the shield machine body 1 It is difficult to support the reaction force.
[0006]
Further, a method is also conceivable in which a tubular bag is attached to the outside of the lining segment 3, a backfill material is filled in the bag, and the bag is expanded to prevent the ground 5 from loosening and fill the surplus space 4. Can be
[0007]
However, in general, in the shield method, operations such as moving, assembling, and installing a plurality of lining segments 3 are automatically performed. Therefore, during the automation process, a ring-like shape is formed along the outside of the lining segments 3. It is difficult to add a step of installing a bag.
[0008]
In addition, it is conceivable that the divided bags are separately attached to the outside of the individual lining segments 3 so as to be incorporated in the automation process. Adjacent bags are abutted against each other without impeding assembly and withstanding the pressure when the backfill material is press-fitted, and the entire space between the lining segment 3 and the ground 5 is backfilled. It is necessary to
[0009]
In particular, when a slow-hardening mortar or the like is used as the backfill material, the pressure of the backfill material is set at 10 kg in order to prevent loosening of the ground and secure a reaction force of excavation until the mortar hardens. / Cm 2, so that the bag must have a structure that can withstand high pressure as well as the pressure resistance of the bag body.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a lining capable of individually attaching a bag body to the outside of the lining segment 3 and firmly fixing the lining segment 3 to the ground 5. An object is to provide a member.
[0011]
[Means to solve the problem]
Thus, the lining member of the tunnel according to the present invention has a bag body disposed on the back surface of a segment arranged along the inner surface of the cut tunnel, and the bag body is large in the center. It has a diameter portion and is made of a cylindrical woven fabric of different diameters having a small diameter portion at both ends.The folding width of the small diameter portion is smaller than the diameter of the large diameter portion, and both ends of the small diameter portion are folded flat. Note that the small-diameter portion in the flat state is fixed to the back surface of the segment with the large-diameter portion folded back to the side in contact with the segment, and penetrates through the segment into the bag. An inlet is formed.
[0012]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows a lining member 6 of the present invention, in which 7 is a segment.
[0013]
Similar to the lining segment 3 shown in FIG. 2, the segment 7 is curved in a substantially arc shape so that a plurality of segments 7 are combined to form a tunnel lining having a substantially circular cross section.
[0014]
In this drawing, the segment 7 includes a substrate 7a that forms a part of a substantially cylindrical surface, and a plurality of reinforcing plates 7b and 7c that protrude along the curve inside and outside the curve of the substrate 7a. However, the segments 7 are not limited to those having the structure shown in FIG. 3, and those generally used as the lining segments 3 can be used as they are.
[0015]
Numeral 8 denotes a bag attached between the reinforcing plates 7c of the segment 7 along the outside of the curve of the substrate 7a, and an injection port 9 penetrating through the substrate 7a and communicating with the inside of the bag 8 is formed. I have.
[0016]
FIG. 4 shows one end of the bag 8 in the present invention, and 10 is a tubular fabric. The tubular fabric 10 has a large diameter portion 11 at the center and small diameter portions 12 at both ends and has a different diameter.
[0017]
The large-diameter portion 11 of the tubular fabric 10 has a diameter larger than the maximum distance between the back surface of the substrate 7 a of the segment 7 and the ground 5, and inflates the bag 8 with the lining member 6 assembled. In this case, the bag 8 should be able to press against the segment 7 and the ground 5.
[0018]
The small-diameter portion 12 of the tubular fabric 10 has a folding width smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter portion 11 when folded flat, and the end of the small-diameter portion 12 is folded flat to form a pair of pressing pieces. 13 and is closed.
[0019]
The pressing piece 13 is an appropriate metal plate or the like, and the end of the small-diameter portion 12 in a flat state is sandwiched between the plates, and the small-diameter portion 12 can be pressed by tightening with a bolt or the like.
[0020]
The small-diameter portion 12 is folded at the boundary with the large-diameter portion 11 in a direction approaching the segment 7, and the small-diameter portion 12 is fixed to the back surface of the segment 7 in this state. The pressing piece 13 that has closed the end of the small diameter portion 12 is fitted into a concave groove 14 formed on the back surface of the segment 7.
[0021]
The means for closing the terminal of the small diameter portion 12 is not limited to the means for clamping with the clamping piece 13, but may be other means such as suturing. Also, when the flat small-diameter portion 12 is fixed to the back surface of the segment 7, the small-diameter portion 12 can be fixed with a bolt or a rivet or bonded.
[0022]
[Action]
In the present invention, the bag 8 is attached to the back of the segment 7 in a state of being folded flat. When the segment 7 has the reinforcing plate 7c outside the curve as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the bag body 8 be folded further smaller so as to be housed so as not to protrude from the outer edge of the reinforcing plate 7c. .
[0023]
In the shield method, as shown in FIG. 1, after the shield machine body 1 advances and excavates, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of lining members 6 of the present invention are assembled at the tail portion of the shield machine to form lining. I do.
[0024]
At this time, since the lining member 6 has the bag body 8 attached to the outside of the segment 7, it can be handled in exactly the same manner as the lining segment 3 in the conventional method, and the automatic lining assembly process is performed. Can be incorporated into
[0025]
After assembling the lining member 6, a backfill material such as mortar is pressed into the bag 8 from the inlet 9. The bag body 8 expands due to the pressure of the backfill material, and as shown in FIG. 3, the bag body 8 is strongly pressed against the segment 7 and the ground 5 to fill the surplus space 4 and water in the backfill material is removed. It is discharged from the cloth of the bag 8.
[0026]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 4B, the large-diameter portion 11 of the bag body 8 expands, so that the small-diameter portion 12 is sandwiched between the large-diameter portion 11 and the segment 7. Is locked in the concave groove 14 of the segment 7, so that the small-diameter portion 12 is held in a state of being folded back from the pressing piece 13.
[0027]
Therefore, when the bag body 8 is inflated, the terminal of the bag body 8 bulges in a substantially hemispherical shape as shown in FIG. 4 (b), and a portion obstructing the terminal may protrude. Instead, as shown in FIG. 3, the terminals of the bags 8 of the adjacent lining members 6 are abutted against each other and pressed against each other.
[0028]
Therefore, the ends of the bag 8 are pressed against each other and reinforced with each other to increase the pressure resistance of the bag 8, and the lining can be sealed to prevent the inflow of groundwater from the ground 5 into the tunnel.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, according to the present invention, the backfill material can be filled into the bag body 8 at high pressure, and the bag body 8 is pressed against the segment 7 and the ground 5 to move the lining member 6 against the ground 5. Since the ground 5 is fixed, even if the ground 5 is soft, the backfill material does not enter the soft rock and loosen the rock.
[0030]
Therefore, even if the ground is soft, the lining can be firmly fixed to the ground 5, and the reaction force for propelling the shield machine body 1 can be firmly secured by the ground 5 via the assembled lining member 6. Can be supported.
[0031]
Further, since the small diameter portion 12 of the bag body 8 is folded back so as to overlap the large diameter portion 11, when the internal pressure acts, the terminal of the bag body 8 exhibits a hemispherical shape, and can endure a high pressure. The ends of the lining member 6 are pressed against each other, and the backfill material can be filled over the entire space between the segment 7 and the ground 5.
[0032]
Further, since the pressing piece 13 closing the end of the tubular fabric 10 is fitted into the concave groove 14 engraved in the segment 7, the bag body 8 is not damaged by the pressing piece 13, and The storage of the bag 8 is not an obstacle. In addition, since the clamping piece 13 is not moved by being locked by the concave groove 14, even when an internal pressure is applied to the bag body 8, the hemispherical shape of the terminal does not change, and a high pressure resistance can be maintained.
[0033]
Further, in the present invention, since both ends of the bag 8 are small-diameter portions 12 and the folding width is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter portion 11, the shape of the end of the bag 8 becomes smooth, and a locally large force due to the internal pressure. However, when the small-diameter portion 12 is folded back, the small-diameter portion 12 does not protrude to the side of the large-diameter portion 11, and the pressing piece 13 is also compact.
[0034]
In the above description, the present invention is described as a lining member in the shield method, but the present invention is not limited to the shield method, and other methods, for example, a tunnel using an arch type support method Can also be applied. In this case, the reinforced member 6 of the present invention can be obtained by disposing the steel support divided into a plurality of segments as the segments 7 of the present invention and disposing the bag body 8 outside thereof.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which a shield method is performed. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an assembled state of a lining segment in a shield method. FIG. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view of a lining member of the present invention.
4A and 4B show a terminal portion of the bag of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a side view showing a terminal portion of a tubular fabric, and FIG. 4B is a side view of the terminal portion of the bag. .
[Explanation of symbols]
6 Lining member 7 Segment 8 Bag 9 Inlet 10 Cylindrical fabric 11 Large diameter portion 12 Small diameter portion

Claims (1)

開削されたトンネルの内面に沿って配置されるセグメント(7)の背面に袋体(8)を配置してなるものであって、当該袋体(8)が、中央部に大径部(11)を有し、両端部に小径部(12)を有する異径の筒状織物(10)よりなり、前記小径部(12)の折畳み幅が前記大径部(11)の直径よりも小さく、当該小径部(12)の両端が偏平に折畳まれて閉塞されており、且つ当該偏平状態の小径部(12)が前記大径部(11)における前記セグメント(7)に接する側に折返された状態でセグメント(7)の背面に止着されており、セグメント(7)を貫通して袋体(8)内に通じる注入口(9)が形成されていることを特徴とする、トンネルの覆工部材A bag (8) is arranged on the back surface of a segment (7) arranged along the inner surface of the cut tunnel, and the bag (8) has a large-diameter portion (11 ) Having a small-diameter cylindrical fabric (10) having small-diameter portions (12) at both ends, wherein the folding width of the small-diameter portion (12) is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter portion (11); Both ends of the small-diameter portion (12) are folded flat and closed, and the flat small-diameter portion (12) is folded back to the side of the large-diameter portion (11) in contact with the segment (7). A tunnel (9), which is fastened to the back of the segment (7) in an inclined state and has an inlet (9) formed through the segment (7) and leading into the bag (8). Lining material
JP17808995A 1995-06-20 1995-06-20 Tunnel lining components Expired - Lifetime JP3576278B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17808995A JP3576278B2 (en) 1995-06-20 1995-06-20 Tunnel lining components

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17808995A JP3576278B2 (en) 1995-06-20 1995-06-20 Tunnel lining components

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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH094389A JPH094389A (en) 1997-01-07
JP3576278B2 true JP3576278B2 (en) 2004-10-13

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002364295A (en) * 2001-06-07 2002-12-18 Ishikawajima Constr Materials Co Ltd Segment with bag
CN106837377B (en) * 2017-04-24 2018-12-28 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 Beans gravel rockfill grouting prefabricated pipe section suitable for double-shielded TBM construction
CN106884666B (en) * 2017-04-24 2018-12-04 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 The construction method of beans gravel rockfill grouting closed-loop

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