JP4463939B2 - Shield excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a shield excavator that assembles a segment in a tail plate and takes a reaction force on the segment to dig a tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When excavating a tunnel with a shield excavator, temporarily stop the excavation of the shield excavator and assemble a plurality of segments in a ring shape by connecting the bolts to each other in the tunnel circumferential direction with bolts in the tail plate of the shield excavator. As shown in FIG. 6, the spreader 4b attached to the front end (rear end) of the rod 4a of the propulsion jack 4 is brought into contact with the front end surface of the segment to extend the propulsion jack 4 so that the segment S The shield excavator is excavated while supporting the force, but after assembling multiple segments in a ring shape, excavating the shield excavator reduces work efficiency, so that high speed tunnel construction is possible. I can't.
[0003]
For this reason, when assembling a plurality of segments S in a ring shape, the propulsion jack 4 is contracted by one new segment without stopping the excavation of the shield excavator, and the contraction of the contracted propulsion jack 4 and the existing segment is reduced. A new segment is arranged in the space between them, and the existing segment is connected in the tunnel length direction, and the propulsion jack 4 that has been contracted in this state is extended and pressed against the front end surface of the new segment. Subsequently, the propulsion jack 4 is contracted by the amount of the next new segment adjacent in the circumferential direction to the new segment, and the second new segment is disposed in the space portion. Connect the existing jack in the ring direction and the tunnel in the tunnel length direction, and put the propulsion jack that has been contracted in that state in front of the second new segment. Pressed against the surface. By repeating this, a plurality of new segments are assembled in a ring shape without stopping the excavation of the shield excavator. In other words, the shield excavator has been digging by applying reaction force to both the existing segment and the new segment without stopping the propulsion of the shield excavator.
[0004]
In this case, the new segments S, S that are sequentially arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate are not connected in a ring shape by bolts until the ring is completed by the plurality of segments S. When the reaction force of the propulsion jack 4 is supported by the front end surface of the segment S, if the extension direction of the propulsion jack 4 does not coincide with the tunnel length direction of the segment S, the segment S contacts the front end surface of the existing segment. With the rear end face in contact with the supporting jack as a fulcrum, the propulsion jack 4 tilts outward in the direction of expansion, and a situation in which a fastening operation with a bolt with a new segment to be assembled next cannot be performed.
[0005]
Therefore, as described in JP-A-10-82276, the rod of the propulsion jack is always expanded and contracted in the direction parallel to the axis of the shield excavator by the guide mechanism provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate. A structured shield excavator was developed.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the spreader 4b is attached to the rod end of the propulsion jack 4 as described above, and the spreader 4b is refracted via the ball joint 4c at a position eccentric to the outside with respect to the rod center of the propulsion jack. Since the rod 4a of the propulsion jack 4 can be extended and contracted in a direction parallel to the machine axis, the spreader 4b contacting the front end surface of the segment S tilts and the segment S is removed. It becomes difficult to connect the newly established segments S, S adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction with bolts.
[0007]
Even if the spreader 4b is configured to move back and forth integrally with the rod 4a of the propulsion jack 4, the extension direction of the rod 4a of the propulsion jack 4 is the segment S when controlling the direction of the shield excavator or when constructing a curved tunnel. In this state, the component force of the propulsion force by the propulsion jack 4 acts in the direction in which the segment S is tilted outward, and the adjacent segments S, S are brought into the fastening position by the bolts. As described above, there is a problem that the assembly work of the segments becomes difficult as described above.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a direction in which the component of the propulsive force of the propulsion jack supports the propulsion reaction force in an outward direction with the existing segment as a fulcrum. Even if it acts in the direction in which it is tilted, the shield excavator can reliably prevent the tilting and always keep the segment in an accurate assembly posture so that the new segment can be assembled accurately and efficiently. To provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a shield excavator according to the present invention includes an inner peripheral surface of a tail plate at an assembly position of a segment assembled in a ring shape in a tail plate of a shield excavator main body. In addition, fluid bag storage recesses that are opposed to the outer peripheral surface of each segment are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and fluid bags that are inflated by fluid pressure are disposed in these storage recesses. The segment is constrained to the assembly position by the above, and a flexible press lid plate is disposed at the opening end of the storage recess, and the fluid bag is placed in the storage recess by the press lid plate. It is held in a contracted state, and the front edge of the pressure cover plate is pivotally attached to the front end surface at the opening end of the storage recess and is pulled between the rear end and the inner bottom surface of the storage recess. Joined by grayed, it is characterized in that it is closed the pressing lid plate to an open end of the housing recess by a tensile force of the tension spring.
[0010]
[Action]
In the tail plate of the shield excavator body, the segment (new segment) to be assembled next to the front end surface of the segment assembled in advance by a plurality of segments (existing segment) along the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate Assemble in a ring while sequentially joining in the circumferential direction. At this time, a fluid bag that is inflated by the fluid pressure attached to the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the new segment so that the new segment is prevented from reluctating outward. To do. In this way, the new segment is constrained to a predetermined assembly position by the fluid bag, and the rod of the propulsion jack is attached to the front end surface of the new segment that is sequentially assembled in the circumferential direction before being completely assembled into one ring by the plurality of new segments. The spreader attached to the end is brought into contact and received, and the propulsion reaction force is applied to the newly installed segment to extend the propulsion jack, thereby excavating the shield excavator body and excavating the tunnel.
[0011]
When tunneling, when the tunnel axis direction and the axis direction of the shield excavator are not in the same direction, for example, when controlling the direction or constructing a curved tunnel, a part of the propulsive force of the propulsion jack This segment acts in the direction of tilting outward with the front end face of the existing segment as a fulcrum with respect to the front end face of the new segment receiving the rod end spreader of the propulsion jack. As described above, it is restrained by the fluid bag attached to the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate, so that it always maintains an accurate assembly posture without tilting outward, and the work of fastening the segments during tunnel excavation is possible. Accurate and efficient, the assembly accuracy of the segments can be improved, and the tunnel can be constructed at high speed.
[0012]
The fluid bag for holding the segment in an accurate assembly posture is inflated by supplying a pressure fluid to the fluid bag, and the inflation pressure is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the segment to press the segment toward the inner diameter of the tunnel. Thus, even when tunneling is performed due to the extension of the propulsion jack, the opposing end faces of the segments adjacent in the circumferential direction are held in an accurately bonded state.
[0013]
Further, since a plurality of the fluid bags are mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate of the shield excavator body at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, the segment before completely forming one ring by the plurality of segments is provided. These fluid bags are pressed in the inner diameter direction to maintain a state in which the joint surfaces of the segments are precisely matched, and the bolts between adjacent segments during tunnel excavation can be efficiently performed and the assembly can be performed with high accuracy. It is possible.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield excavator body, which has a cutter head 3 rotatably provided at the front end of a cylindrical skin plate 2 and a skin. A plurality of propulsion jacks 4, 4... Are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the plate 2 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the tips of the rods 4a of these propulsion jacks 4 extend and retract toward the rear. A spreader 4b that contacts the front end surface of the segment S is attached to the (rear end). Further, the shield excavator main body 1 is provided with a rotary drive mechanism (not shown) of the cutter head 3 in the front part of the skin plate 2 as well known, and the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 3 are removed. The earth and sand carrying-out means (not shown) for carrying out back is arrange | positioned, and the erector (not shown) which is an assembly mechanism of a segment in the rear part of the skin plate 2 is arrange | positioned.
[0015]
In the shield excavator main body 1 configured as described above, the inner surface of the tail plate 2A formed by the rear end portion of the skin plate 2 is arranged in the tail plate 2A as shown in FIGS. A plurality of pad bodies made up of fluid bags 5 for restraining the assembly position of the segment S to a predetermined position by being crimped to the outer peripheral surface of the segment S assembled in a ring shape at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the tail plate 2A. Two to three outer peripheral surfaces of each segment S are mounted facing each other. The fluid bag 5 forming the pad body is a rubber bag, which is inflated by supplying a fluid such as air or water to the inside thereof, and is crimped to the outer peripheral surface of the segment S with the inflation pressure. It is configured.
[0016]
On the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate 2A to which the fluid bag 5 is attached, storage recesses 6 for the fluid bag 5 are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the tail plate 2A, and the wall of the tail plate 2A. A hose insertion hole 7 that communicates with the inside of the machine from the front end face of the peripheral wall of each storage recess 6 is provided therein, and a pressure fluid supply hose 8 that is connected to and communicates with the fluid bag 5 disposed in each storage recess 6 is provided. A pressure fluid supply source (not shown) installed at an appropriate position in the shield excavator body 1 is connected through the insertion hole 7. Further, a flexible pressure lid plate 9 made of a leaf spring or the like is disposed at the opening end of the housing recess 6 opened on the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate 2A, and the fluid bag 5 is accommodated by the pressure lid plate 9. The structure is held in the recess 6.
[0017]
That is, the front end edge of the pressure lid plate 9 is rotatably attached to the front end surface of the peripheral wall at the opening end of the storage recess 6, and the rear end edge which is the free end of the pressure lid plate 9 is attached to the storage recess 6. The step 6a formed at the opening edge on the rear end face side of the peripheral wall is received, and the rear end portion of the pressing lid plate 9 and the inner bottom surface of the rear end portion of the storage recess 6 are connected by a tension spring 10. In a normal state, the pressing cover plate 9 is pulled toward the opening end side of the storage recess 6 by the tensile force of the tension spring 10, and the rear edge is brought into contact with and received by the step 6a of the storage recess 6. The storage recess 6 is closed by the pressing lid plate 9 and the fluid bag 5 is held in a contracted state in the storage recess 6. In this state, the outer surface of the pressing lid plate 9 is flush with the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate 2A.
[0018]
Describing the operation of the shield excavator in the embodiment configured as described above, the shield excavator main body 1 is a segment S that is sequentially assembled in the circumferential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate 2A by the erector within the tail plate 2A. The spreader 4b attached to the end of the rod 4a of the propulsion jack 4 is pressed against the front end surface of the propulsion jack 4, and the rod 4a of the propulsion jack 4 is extended to move forward with a reaction force on the segment S. Excavate the tunnel while excavating the ground.
[0019]
When the segment S is assembled in a ring shape in the tail plate 2A of the shield excavator body 1, the propulsion jack 4 corresponding to the assembly location of the segment S (newly installed segment S) incorporated by the erector is contracted to reduce the assembly space portion. After the formation, a new segment S is arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate 2A using an erector in the assembly space, and the opposite end face is joined to the existing segment S in which the segment S is previously incorporated. The bolt connection holes provided on the opposite end face are matched and connected with the existing segment S by bolts, and in this state, the new segment S is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate 2A so as to face the outer peripheral surface. The fluid bag 5 is inflated, and the new segment S is constrained to the arrangement position by the inflation pressure.
[0020]
Even during this work, the shield excavator main body 1 is dug by receiving the propulsion reaction force of the propulsion jack 4 against the front end surface of the adjacent existing segment S previously incorporated and extending the propulsion jack 4. I am letting. Then, after constraining the new segment S incorporated as described above by the expansion pressure of the fluid bag 5, the spreader 4b attached to the rod end of the propulsion jack 4 that has been shrunk is attached to the segment S. The shield excavator body 1 is dug together with the propulsion jack 4 which is brought into contact with the front end surface of the other segment S and is further extended from this state to support the propulsion reaction force on the front end surfaces of the other existing segments S. As described above, after the ring is formed by the plurality of segments S assembled in the circumferential direction of the tunnel during excavation, the fluid bag 5 pressing the outer peripheral surface of the segment S is contracted to release the restriction of the segment S.
[0021]
As described above, the shield excavator body 1 is dug while the propulsion reaction force of the propulsion jack 4 is applied to the front end face of the segment S assembled in the circumferential direction along the inner circumferential face of the tail plate 2A, and during the excavation. Next, a new segment S is incorporated, and the segment S is joined to each other by bolts in a state where the segment S is joined to the segment S previously assembled by the expansion pressure of the fluid bag 5. 4 continues the tunnel excavation while supporting the propulsion reaction force, and after assembling the segments S and S in order to assemble the ring, repeat the operation of contracting the fluid bag 5 to dig the tunnel. However, a plurality of segments S are sequentially assembled in a ring shape.
[0022]
Each of the fluid bags 5 is inflated by supplying a pressure fluid such as compressed air into the fluid bag 5 through the supply hose 8 from the inside of the machine, and the expansion end closes the open end of the storage recess 6 of the fluid bag 5. As shown in FIG. 5, the pressed cover plate 9 is rotated in the inner diameter direction against the tensile force of the tension spring 10, and the rear portion is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the opposing segment S so that the segment S is outward. And the segments are subjected to a force in the inner diameter direction of the shield excavator main body 1 by the pressing force so that the opposing end surfaces of the adjacent segments S are firmly pressed to each other, and are provided on the opposing end surfaces. The bolt connection holes are precisely matched and the segments are fastened with bolts.
[0023]
As described above, the propulsion jack 4 takes the propulsion reaction force of the propulsion jack 4 on the front end surface of the segment S as described above in a state where the opposing end surfaces of the segments S, S adjacent in the circumferential direction are joined and fastened with bolts. The shield excavator body 1 is advanced by extending the 4 rods 4a.
[0024]
At this time, the fluid bag 5 is not directly crimped to the outer peripheral surface of the segment S, but the rear portion of the pressure lid plate 9 that is inclined obliquely inwardly toward the rear is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the segment S by the inflation pressure of the fluid bag 5. Therefore, the shield excavator main body 1 can be smoothly dug while sliding the rear portion of the pressing lid plate 9 on the outer peripheral surface of the segment S without damaging the fluid bag 5.
[0025]
During this excavation or during excavation, when the tunnel axis direction and the axis direction of the shield excavator are not oriented in the same direction, for example, when controlling the direction or constructing a curved tunnel, the propulsive force of the propulsion jack 4 The segment S is tilted outwardly with respect to the front end surface of the existing segment S as a fulcrum with respect to the front end surface of the new segment S, which is partially receiving the rod end spreader 4b of the propulsion jack 4, that is, warped. This new segment S tilts outward because the outer peripheral surface of the new segment S is pressed by the inflation pressure of the fluid bag 5 in a direction that resists the acting force. The segments S, S adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are in a state where the bolt connection holes provided on the joint surfaces thereof are matched with each other, and the bolt fastening operation between the segments is normal. It is those that can be performed and efficiently.
[0026]
In the above description, the case where rectangular segments are assembled has been described. However, if the segment to be assembled supports the propulsion reaction force before the ring is completely formed, the phenomenon that the segment is displaced outward is that the shape of the segment is six. Since the same applies to the rectangular segment, the restraining means including the fluid bag can be employed even when the hexagonal segment is assembled. In other words, the hexagonal segment is assembled in a staggered pattern, and the front end is uneven, so the segment does not form a complete ring, there is always a convex part, and the shield excavator is on the front end surface of the convex part. When the propulsive force by the propulsion jack is supported, the hexagonal segment is displaced outward. In order to prevent this displacement, the fluid bag is mounted between the hexagonal segment and the tail plate.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the shield excavator of the first aspect of the present invention, the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate at the assembly position of the segment assembled in a ring shape in the tail plate of the shield excavator body is predetermined in the circumferential direction. At each interval, fluid bag storage recesses that are opposed to the outer peripheral surface of each segment are formed, fluid bags that are inflated by fluid pressure are disposed in these storage recesses, and the segments are moved to the assembly position by the expansion pressure of the fluid bag. Since it is configured to restrain, when assembling a plurality of segments in the tail plate of the shield excavator body in a ring shape while sequentially joining them in the circumferential direction, a fluid bag is pushed onto the outer peripheral surface of the segments. By making contact with each other, it is possible to surely restrain the segment from oscillating outward and to accurately match the joint surfaces of adjacent segments. Therefore, the spreader attached to the rod end of the propulsion jack is brought into contact with and received by the front end surfaces of these segments, and the propulsion reaction force is applied to the segments so that the shield excavator main body is secured. When excavating, even if the tunnel axis direction and the axis direction of the shield excavator are not in the same direction, the shield excavator always maintains an accurate assembly posture without tilting the segments outward. Can be dug up.
[0028]
In this way, since a thrust reaction force is taken on the front end surface of the segment before assembling into a complete ring shape in the circumferential direction by a plurality of segments, the shield excavator can be used for excavation, enabling high-speed tunnel construction. In addition, as described above, since the segments are constrained to a predetermined accurate assembly posture by the inflation pressure of the fluid bag as described above, the segments can be fastened accurately and efficiently, and the segments can be assembled accurately. Can be improved.
[0029]
In this way, by inflating by supplying a pressure fluid to the fluid bag, by causing the expansion pressure to act on the outer peripheral surface of the segment and pressing the segment in the tunnel inner diameter direction, the opposing end surfaces of the adjacent segments in the circumferential direction Can be accurately joined, and bolts can be easily fastened.
[0030]
Furthermore, since a plurality of the fluid bags are mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate of the shield excavator body at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, the pad body can be made to face all the segments assembled in a ring shape. Therefore, the segments to be assembled in the circumferential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate can be securely held in order at a predetermined assembly position so that the fastening work by the bolts between the segments during tunnel excavation can be performed efficiently and with high accuracy. It can be assembled.
[0031]
In addition, a flexible pressure lid plate is disposed at the opening end of the storage recess, and the fluid bag is held in the storage recess in a contracted state by the pressure lid plate , and further, the front end of the pressure lid plate The edge is pivotally attached to the front end surface at the open end of the storage recess, and the rear end and the inner bottom surface of the storage recess are connected by a tension spring, and the pressure cover plate is stored by the tension of the tension spring. Because it is closed at the open end of the recess, the rear part of the pressure lid plate that is inclined diagonally inwardly toward the rear is applied by the inflation pressure of the fluid bag without directly crimping the fluid bag to the outer peripheral surface of the segment. The shield excavator main body can be smoothly dug while being brought into pressure contact with the outer peripheral surface of the segment and sliding the rear portion of the pressing lid plate on the outer peripheral surface of the segment without damaging the fluid bag.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical side view of a shield excavator,
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view of the tail plate portion,
FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical front view of a portion where a fluid bag is disposed;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view thereof,
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal side view of the fluid bag inflated;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Shield excavator body 2 Skin plate
2A Tail plate 4 Propulsion jack 5 Fluid bag 6 Storage recess 9 Pressing lid plate
10 Tension spring

Claims (1)

On the inner peripheral surface of the tail plate at the assembly position of the segments assembled in a ring shape within the tail plate of the shield excavator body, a fluid bag storage recess is formed facing the outer peripheral surface of each segment at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. , disposed fluid bag inflated by the fluid pressure in these housing concavities, with and configured to constrain the segment assembly position by expansion pressure of the fluid bag, soluble in the open end of the housing concavity A flexible pressure cover plate is provided, and the fluid bag is held in a retracted state in the storage recess by the pressure cover plate, and the front edge of the pressure cover plate is held at the opening end of the storage recess. The rear end and the inner bottom surface of the storage recess are connected to each other by a tension spring, and the pressure cover is opened by opening the storage recess. Shield excavator, characterized in that it is close to.

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