JP3571546B2 - Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer - Google Patents

Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3571546B2
JP3571546B2 JP28512498A JP28512498A JP3571546B2 JP 3571546 B2 JP3571546 B2 JP 3571546B2 JP 28512498 A JP28512498 A JP 28512498A JP 28512498 A JP28512498 A JP 28512498A JP 3571546 B2 JP3571546 B2 JP 3571546B2
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Prior art keywords
atmospheric pressure
mass spectrometer
ion
ions
pressure ionization
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP28512498A
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JP2000113852A (en
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義裕 貫名
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Jeol Ltd
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Jeol Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02Details
    • H01J49/06Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/062Ion guides
    • H01J49/065Ion guides having stacked electrodes, e.g. ring stack, plate stack

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、大気圧又はその近傍の圧力雰囲気中で試料をイオン化し、真空中に配置された質量分析部へ導入口を介して導入し質量分析する大気圧イオン化質量分析装置に関し、特に、導入口を介して導入されたイオンを前記質量分析部へ導くイオンガイドに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
大気圧イオン化法は、取り扱いが容易であること、ソフトなイオン化であることなどから広く普及してきている。大気圧イオン化法の代表的なものには、APCI( 大気圧化学イオン化) 法やESI( エレクトロスプレイイオン化) 法などがある。これらのイオン化法で生成されたイオンを、高真空に維持される質量分析部へ導入するために、差動排気系が用いられる。
【0003】
図1は、このような差動排気系を備えた質量分析装置のイオン導入部を示す図である。図1において、大気圧イオン源1で生成されたイオン2は、スキマー3を介して第1中間排気室4へ導入され、更にスキマー5を介して第2中間排気室6へ導入される。第2中間排気室6には、イオンの収束性を改善するためのマルチポールレンズ7及び収束レンズ8が配置されており、これらのレンズにより収束性の改善されたイオンは、導入口9を介して高真空( 10−6Torr程度の圧力) に維持された質量分析部10へ導入されて質量分析される。
【0004】
前記第1中間排気室4は、ロータリーポンプRPにより1〜数Torr程度の圧力に排気され、第2中間排気室6は、ターボ分子ポンプTMPにより1×10−3Torr程度の圧力に排気され、大気圧のイオン源1と高真空の質量分析部10との間の圧力差が維持されるような差動排気系を構成している。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記マルチポールレンズ7は、第2中間排気室6におけるイオンの拡散を防ぐために設けられており、例えば4本の棒状電極をイオン通路の周りに90°の等間隔に配置したQポールレンズに高周波電圧のみが印加される。6本あるいは8本の棒状電極を用いる場合もある。
【0006】
しかしながら、マルチポールレンズはフィルタ作用があり、質量電荷比の異なるイオンを広い範囲にわたって一度に通過させることができない。広い範囲に対応するためには、高周波電圧の振幅あるいは周波数を掃引することが必要で、これは構造が複雑となって不利となるし、感度の面でも不利である。
【0007】
本発明は、上述した点に鑑みてなされたものであり、大気圧イオン源で生成され導入口を介して中間排気室に導入されたイオンを、広い質量範囲にわたり、高い通過効率で質量分析部へ導くことのできる大気圧イオン化質量分析装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この目的を達成するため、本発明の大気圧イオン化質量分析装置は、大気圧又はその近傍の圧力雰囲気中で試料をイオン化し、真空中に配置された質量分析部へ導入口を介して導入し質量分析する大気圧イオン化質量分析装置において、導入口を介して導入されたイオンを前記質量分析部へ導くイオンガイドであって、イオン通過口を有する板状電極を多数通過口を合わせて一列に配置し各電極に交互に極性の異なる電圧を印加したイオンガイドを設け、該イオンガイドの途中の電極と電極の間に質量分析部が配置される部屋と導入口を介してイオンが導入される部屋とを仕切る隔壁を設けたことを特徴としている。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を詳説する。図2は本発明の一実施例の構造を示す図である。図2において、大気圧イオン源1で生成されたイオン2は、スキマー3を介して第1中間排気室4へ導入され、更にスキマー5を介して第2中間排気室6へ、更に第3中間排気室11へと導入される。この第2中間排気室6及び第3中間排気室11には、両者にまたがる形でリングレンズ21から構成されるイオンガイドが配置されており、このイオンガイドにより導かれたイオンは、収束レンズ8により導入口9へ向けて収束されて導入口9を通過し、高真空( 10−6Torr程度の圧力) に維持された質量分析部10へ導入されて質量分析される。
【0010】
上記リングレンズ21は、図3に示すように、円形のイオン通過口を有するリング電極L1,L2,L3,・・・を、通過口を合わせて一定間隔で一列に並べた構造を有している。各電極には、1枚おきに正電圧(+V)及び負電圧(−V)が交互に印加されている。前記第2中間排気室6と第3中間排気室7を仕切る仕切板31(アース電位)は、リング電極と同心のイオン通過口を有し、かつ隣り合うリング電極の中間の電位ゼロの等電位面に沿うように配置される。
【0011】
図4は、仕切板31とその付近のリング電極の周囲に形成される電位分布を示しており、仕切板31が隣り合うリング電極の中間の電位ゼロの等電位面に沿うように配置されていることが分かる。リングレンズ21に入射したイオンは、リング電極内に形成される電界により中心軌道に沿って単振動を行い、リングレンズにガイドされる形でリングレンズを通過する。
【0012】
前記仕切板31に設けられるイオン通過口の径は、第2中間排気室6と第3中間排気室7の間の圧力差を維持するために必要な大きさに選定されるが、リング電極のイオン通過口よりも小さい。そこで、仕切板31は、図2に示されているように、スキマー5を介して第2中間排気室6へ導かれたイオン軌道の振幅が最小又はそれに近い位置に配置されている。
【0013】
そのため、イオンは、差動排気のための仕切板31が設けられていても、仕切板31のイオン通過口をロス少なく通過できる。
【0014】
仕切板31は、軌道計算結果に従い、流入するイオンの平均自由行程とイオン通過効率(イオン軌道の振幅が最小又はそれに近い位置が高い)を考慮した最適位置に設定することが望ましい。
なお、収束レンズ8としては、アインツェルレンズをはじめ、各種静電レンズを使用することができる。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したごとく、本発明では、イオン通過口を有する板状電極を多数通過口を合わせて一列に配置し各電極に交互に極性の異なる電圧を印加したイオンガイドを設け、該イオンガイドの途中の電極と電極の間に質量分析部が配置される部屋と導入口を介してイオンが導入される部屋とを仕切る隔壁を設けたため、大気圧イオン源で生成され導入口を介して中間排気室に導入されたイオンを、広い質量範囲にわたり、高い通過効率で質量分析部へ導くことのできる大気圧イオン化質量分析装置が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】差動排気系を備えた質量分析装置のイオン導入部を示す図である。
【図2】本発明の一実施例の構造を示す図である。
【図3】リングレンズの構造を示す図である。
【図4】仕切板とその付近のリング電極の周囲に形成される電位分布を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1:大気圧イオン源
2:イオン
3,5:スキマー
4:第1中間排気室
6:第2中間排気室
11:第3中間排気室
21:リングレンズ21
31:仕切板
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer that ionizes a sample in an atmosphere at or near atmospheric pressure and introduces mass through an inlet to a mass spectrometer arranged in a vacuum and performs mass analysis. The present invention relates to an ion guide for guiding ions introduced through a mouth to the mass spectrometer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Atmospheric pressure ionization has been widely used because of its easy handling and soft ionization. Representative examples of the atmospheric pressure ionization method include an APCI (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization) method and an ESI (electrospray ionization) method. A differential evacuation system is used to introduce ions generated by these ionization methods into a mass spectrometer maintained in a high vacuum.
[0003]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an ion introduction section of a mass spectrometer provided with such a differential pumping system. In FIG. 1, ions 2 generated by an atmospheric pressure ion source 1 are introduced into a first intermediate exhaust chamber 4 via a skimmer 3 and further introduced into a second intermediate exhaust chamber 6 via a skimmer 5. A multipole lens 7 and a converging lens 8 for improving the convergence of ions are disposed in the second intermediate exhaust chamber 6, and the ions having improved convergence by these lenses pass through the inlet 9. And introduced into the mass spectrometer 10 maintained at a high vacuum (pressure of about 10 −6 Torr).
[0004]
The first intermediate exhaust chamber 4 is exhausted to a pressure of about 1 to several Torr by a rotary pump RP, and the second intermediate exhaust chamber 6 is exhausted to a pressure of about 1 × 10 −3 Torr by a turbo molecular pump TMP. The differential evacuation system is configured such that the pressure difference between the ion source 1 at atmospheric pressure and the mass spectrometer 10 at high vacuum is maintained.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The multi-pole lens 7 is provided to prevent the diffusion of ions in the second intermediate exhaust chamber 6. Only voltage is applied. In some cases, six or eight rod-shaped electrodes are used.
[0006]
However, the multipole lens has a filter function and cannot pass ions having different mass-to-charge ratios over a wide range at once. In order to cope with a wide range, it is necessary to sweep the amplitude or frequency of the high-frequency voltage, which is disadvantageous due to the complicated structure and sensitivity.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and mass-analyzing the ions generated by the atmospheric pressure ion source and introduced into the intermediate exhaust chamber through the inlet through a wide mass range with high passage efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer capable of leading to the following.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, the atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer of the present invention ionizes a sample in an atmosphere at or near atmospheric pressure, and introduces the sample into a mass spectrometer arranged in a vacuum through an inlet. In an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer for mass spectrometry, it is an ion guide for guiding ions introduced through an inlet to the mass spectrometer, and a large number of plate-like electrodes having an ion passage are arranged in a row by combining the passages. An ion guide is provided which is arranged and alternately applies voltages having different polarities to each electrode, and ions are introduced through a room and an inlet in which a mass spectrometric unit is arranged between the electrodes in the middle of the ion guide. It is characterized by providing a partition that separates the room.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, ions 2 generated by an atmospheric pressure ion source 1 are introduced into a first intermediate exhaust chamber 4 via a skimmer 3, further to a second intermediate exhaust chamber 6 via a skimmer 5, and further to a third intermediate exhaust chamber 6. It is introduced into the exhaust chamber 11. In the second intermediate exhaust chamber 6 and the third intermediate exhaust chamber 11, an ion guide composed of a ring lens 21 is disposed so as to straddle both of them. Is converged toward the inlet 9, passes through the inlet 9, is introduced into the mass spectrometer 10 maintained in a high vacuum (pressure of about 10 −6 Torr), and is subjected to mass analysis.
[0010]
The ring lens 21, as shown in FIG. 3, has a structure in which ring electrodes L1, L2, L3,... I have. A positive voltage (+ V) and a negative voltage (-V) are alternately applied to every other electrode. A partition plate 31 (earth potential) that partitions the second intermediate exhaust chamber 6 and the third intermediate exhaust chamber 7 has an ion passage port concentric with the ring electrode, and has an equipotential of zero potential intermediate between adjacent ring electrodes. It is arranged along the surface.
[0011]
FIG. 4 shows a potential distribution formed around the partition plate 31 and the ring electrode in the vicinity thereof. The partition plate 31 is arranged along an equipotential surface at an intermediate potential of zero between adjacent ring electrodes. I understand that there is. The ions that have entered the ring lens 21 make a simple oscillation along the central trajectory by the electric field formed in the ring electrode, and pass through the ring lens in a form guided by the ring lens.
[0012]
The diameter of the ion passage opening provided in the partition plate 31 is selected to be a size necessary to maintain a pressure difference between the second intermediate exhaust chamber 6 and the third intermediate exhaust chamber 7. Smaller than the ion passage. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the partition plate 31 is arranged at a position where the amplitude of the ion trajectory led to the second intermediate exhaust chamber 6 via the skimmer 5 is at or near the minimum.
[0013]
Therefore, even if the partition plate 31 for differential exhaust is provided, ions can pass through the ion passage opening of the partition plate 31 with little loss.
[0014]
It is desirable that the partition plate 31 be set at an optimum position in consideration of the mean free path of the inflowing ions and the ion passage efficiency (the position where the amplitude of the ion orbit is minimum or close to it is high) according to the orbit calculation result.
As the converging lens 8, various electrostatic lenses such as an Einzel lens can be used.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, in the present invention, a plate-like electrode having an ion passage port is arranged in a row with a large number of passage ports aligned, and an ion guide in which voltages having different polarities are alternately applied to each electrode is provided. Since a partition wall is provided to separate the room in which the mass spectrometry unit is arranged between the electrodes on the way and the room into which ions are introduced via the inlet, intermediate exhaust is generated by the atmospheric pressure ion source and is introduced through the inlet. An atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer capable of guiding ions introduced into a chamber to a mass spectrometer with high passage efficiency over a wide mass range is provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an ion introducing unit of a mass spectrometer provided with a differential pumping system.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure of a ring lens.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a potential distribution formed around a partition plate and a ring electrode in the vicinity thereof.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Atmospheric pressure ion source 2: Ions 3, 5: Skimmer 4: First intermediate exhaust chamber 6: Second intermediate exhaust chamber 11: Third intermediate exhaust chamber 21: Ring lens 21
31: Partition plate

Claims (2)

大気圧又はその近傍の圧力雰囲気中で試料をイオン化し、真空中に配置された質量分析部へ導入口を介して導入し質量分析する大気圧イオン化質量分析装置において、導入口を介して導入されたイオンを前記質量分析部へ導くイオンガイドであって、イオン通過口を有する板状電極を多数通過口を合わせて一列に配置し各電極に交互に極性の異なる電圧を印加したイオンガイドを設け、該イオンガイドの途中の電極と電極の間に質量分析部が配置される部屋と導入口を介してイオンが導入される部屋とを仕切る隔壁を設けたことを特徴とする大気圧イオン化質量分析装置。In an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer that ionizes a sample in an atmosphere at or near atmospheric pressure and performs mass spectrometry by introducing the mass spectrometer into a mass spectrometer arranged in a vacuum and introducing the mass spectrometer through the inlet, An ion guide that guides the ions to the mass spectrometry unit, wherein a plate-like electrode having an ion passage port is arranged in a row with a large number of passage ports aligned and a voltage of different polarity is alternately applied to each electrode. Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry, wherein a partition is provided to separate a room in which a mass spectrometry unit is arranged between an electrode in the middle of the ion guide and a room into which ions are introduced through an inlet. apparatus. 前記隔壁は、イオンガイド内におけるイオン軌道の振幅が最少又はそれに近い位置に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の大気圧イオン化質量分析装置。2. The atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the partition wall is arranged at a position where the amplitude of the ion trajectory in the ion guide is at or near a minimum.
JP28512498A 1998-10-07 1998-10-07 Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer Expired - Fee Related JP3571546B2 (en)

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