JP3560892B2 - Crawler traveling device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a crawler traveling device capable of adjusting a tension.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as a crawler traveling device, there is a crawler traveling device that constitutes a semi-crawler tractor by being equipped in place of a rear tire wheel of a tractor.
A crawler traveling device of this type is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-321729, and a track frame is provided with a tension-adjusting wheel, an idler idler wheel, and an idler wheel intermediate between them. The drive wheels are arranged above the idler wheels, and the crawlers are wound around all the wheels, and the track frame is swung about an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheels. It is free to move.
[0003]
The adjusting wheel is supported by a front end of a support supported by the track frame so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The support is urged forward by a spring material. The adjustment wheel is moved forward by the spring pressure of (1), and the tension of the crawler is adjusted.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As the crawler, a rubber crawler in which a circumferential tensile member is embedded is used. Although the crawler has less elongation than the iron crawler, the crawler expands as it is used, so that tension adjustment is required.
In the crawler traveling device of the semi-crawler tractor, since the crawler is wound in a substantially triangular shape in a side view, as in the related art, when a tension adjusting mechanism is disposed in a front-rear direction substantially along the base of the triangle, the adjustment is performed. The amount of tension adjustment is small compared to the travel length of the wheel, and in order to compensate for this, the tension adjustment mechanism must be formed long before and after, which causes problems such as high cost and increased weight of the aircraft. Has occurred.
[0005]
The present invention is directed to a crawler traveling device in which a tension of a crawler can be efficiently adjusted by moving an adjustment wheel by biasing the adjustment wheel from a shaft center of a driving wheel or a swing axis side of a track frame. The purpose is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to arrange and support a tension adjusting wheel 3, a idle wheel 4 and an intermediate idle wheel 5 in a longitudinal direction on a track frame 2. In a crawler traveling device in which a drive wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5 and a crawler 7 is wound around all of these wheels,
The adjustment wheel 3 is supported by a support 8, and the support 8 is swingably supported by the track frame 2 so that the adjustment wheel 3 can be moved substantially in the near and far directions with respect to the drive wheel 6. 8 and a track adjusting mechanism 9 for urging the adjusting wheel 3 in a far direction between the track frame 8 and the track frame 2.
[0007]
As a result, the movement of the adjustment wheel 3 due to the swing of the support body 8 moves the lower one vertex of the substantially triangular crawler away from the axis of the drive wheel 6, thereby efficiently adjusting the crawler tension. .
The second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to arrange and support a tension adjusting adjusting wheel 3, an idler driven wheel 4, and an idler wheel 5 therebetween in the track frame 2 in the front-rear direction. A drive wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, and a crawler 7 is wound around all the wheels, and the track frame 2 is moved around an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheel 6. In a swingable crawler traveling device,
The adjusting wheel 3 is supported by a support 8 and the support 8 is swingably supported by the track frame 2 so that the adjusting wheel 3 can be moved substantially in the near and far directions with respect to the swing axis of the track frame 2. In addition, a tension adjusting mechanism 9 for urging the adjusting wheel 3 in a far direction is provided between the support 8 and the track frame 2.
[0008]
As a result, the movement of the adjusting wheel 3 due to the swing of the support 8 moves the lower one vertex of the substantially triangular crawler away from the swing axis of the track frame 2, thereby efficiently adjusting the crawler tension. become.
A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to the first or second specific means, the adjusting wheel 3 is disposed above a horizontal tangent of the idler wheel 5 on the ground side. That is.
Thus, even if the adjusting wheel 3 is moved in the far direction for the purpose of adjusting the tension by the swing of the support 8, when the adjusting wheel 3 receives a collision impact with a protrusion on the ground or a stone, the adjusting wheel 3 is moved. To maintain a buffering action that allows the air to escape upward.
[0009]
A fourth specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the first to third specific means, the axis of the adjusting wheel 3 is positioned higher than the swing fulcrum of the support 8. It is to arrange.
Thereby, even if the adjusting wheel 3 is moved in the far direction for the tension adjustment by the swing of the support body 8, the adjusting wheel 3 moves in the near direction when a collision impact with a protrusion on the ground or a stone is applied to the adjusting wheel 3. And a buffer action can be provided.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIGS. 5 and 6, reference numeral 15 denotes a tractor in which rear tire wheels are replaced with the crawler traveling device 1, and a vehicle body is constituted by an engine 16, a transmission case 17, a front axle frame 18, and the like. A front wheel 19 is suspended as a steerable wheel, and the engine 16 is covered with a hood 20.
The tractor 15 has a cabin 21 mounted thereon and covers a control section 22 and a driver's seat 23. A rear working machine 25 such as a rotary cultivator is towed at the rear of the vehicle body via a hydraulic device and a three-point link mechanism 24. . A lops may be attached instead of the cabin 21.
[0011]
1 to 6, a crawler traveling device 1 has a track frame 2 on which a tension adjusting wheel 3, idler driven wheels 4, and idler wheels 5 located therebetween are arranged and supported in the front-rear direction. A drive wheel 6 is arranged above the wheel 5, and a crawler 7 is wound around all of these wheels, and the track frame 2 is swingable about an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheel 6. Make up.
The adjusting wheel 3 is rotatably supported on a free end of a support body 8. The support body 8 swings up and down through a horizontal pin 30 having a base at the front of the track frame 2. The hydraulic cylinder 31 for the tension adjusting mechanism 9 is connected between the free end side of the support 8 and the upper part of the track frame 2.
[0012]
The driven wheel 4 is rotatably supported by a support bracket 32 projecting rearward from the upper portion of the track frame 2 and is a wheel that can idle like the adjustment wheel 3.
Two idler wheels 5 are arranged inside and behind the main body of the track frame 2 (two in FIG. 1 and three in FIG. 5), and exemplify a freewheeling freewheel. One or three or more idler wheels 5 may be provided, and have a smaller diameter than the adjusting wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4.
The drive wheel 6 is a sprocket (a drive transmission having teeth on the outer periphery of a disk) mounted on the outer end surface of the rear axle 33. The rear axle 33 is supported by a rear axle case 34 protruding left and right from the rear of the transmission case 17 and protrudes outward from the rear axle case 34. In the case of a wheel-type tractor, tires are used instead of the drive wheels 6. Wheels are mounted.
[0013]
The pitch circle diameter of the drive wheels 6 is set to be approximately half of the outer circumference diameter of the tire wheels. For this reason, the power transmission system to the front wheels 19 is used to make the peripheral speed of the drive wheels 6 substantially equal to the peripheral speed. A reduction gear is incorporated. Note that a transmission that increases the peripheral speed of the front wheels 19 than the peripheral speed of the drive wheels 6 may be provided.
Since the driving wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, the adjusting wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4 have a triangular arrangement, and the driving wheel 6 forms an upper vertex of the triangle, and the adjusting wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4 Each form a lower vertex. The crawlers (elastic crawler belts) 7 wound around all the wheels become substantially triangular (diameter-shaped) in a side view, and the idler wheels 5 are located at the base of the substantially triangular shape.
[0014]
The crawler 7 may be an iron crawler, but here a rubber crawler having a circumferential tensile member embedded therein is used, and teeth (engaging protrusions) of the driving wheel 6 engage with the center in the width direction. Engagement holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a lug in a pattern such as a horizontal one-letter or a V-shape is formed on the outer peripheral grounding surface, and a derailing prevention protrusion is formed on the inner peripheral surface. The crawler 7 may have a core bar, which is a tensile member in the width direction, embedded at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
A swing support 35 formed of a plate or the like from the main body is erected on the track frame 2, and an upper portion of the swing support 35 is supported by a swing shaft 36 supported by a reinforcing frame 37. I have.
[0015]
The reinforcing frame 37 is formed by connecting a mounting plate 38 bolted to the left and right rear axle cases 34 with a connecting member 39 passing below the transmission case 17. Bolts.
A cylindrical body 42 is fixed to the mounting plates 38 on both left and right sides of the reinforcing frame 37, a swing shaft 36 is inserted through the cylindrical body 42, and a swing support 35 is fitted on the swing shaft 36, The moving shaft 36 is prevented from coming off by stopper plates 43 at both left and right ends. The swing shaft 36 may be rotated in the cylinder 42 or the swing support 35 may be rotated with respect to the swing shaft 36. Is located parallel to and directly below the axis of the rear axle 33, and is the center of swinging of the track frame 2 in the front-rear direction.
[0016]
The swing support 35 is provided with a regulating member 40 protruding forward, and opposed thereto, the mounting plate 38 is provided with an up-down stopper 41 to regulate the amount of swing of the swing support 35 in the front-rear direction. Are in contact with the upper and lower stoppers 41 to regulate the swing range of the track frame 2.
The upper and lower stoppers 41 are preferably adjustable in vertical position, and the upper and lower stoppers 41 may be provided on the swing support 35, and the regulating members 40 may be provided on the mounting plate 38, respectively. Further, the swing range restricting means may be disposed on the driven wheel 4 side of the swing support 35.
[0017]
The crawler traveling device 1 having a substantially triangular shape in a side view has a front portion formed to be slightly longer than a rear portion from the axis of the swing shaft 36, and travels when the rear working machine 25 is mounted on the tractor 15. Stability and traction are increased. However, the horizontal distance from the axis of the swing shaft 36 to the adjustment wheel 3 may be substantially equal to that of the driven wheel 4, or may be longer than shown.
The support body 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 31 constitute a tension adjusting mechanism 9. The hydraulic cylinder 31 is provided as a pair of left and right adjusting wheels 3 of the left and right crawler traveling devices 1, and is connected to an accumulator through a hydraulic pipe. 44 and the replenishing oil means 45.
[0018]
The hydraulic cylinder 31 has a distal end of a piston rod 31A connected to the support 8 and a base of a tube 31B pivotally supported on the upper surface of the track frame 2. When the piston rod 31A is protruded by supply of pressurized oil, the support 8 is FIG. 1 can be swung counterclockwise.
That is, a constant oil pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 31 by the gas pressure in the accumulator 44, so that a counterclockwise urging force acts on the support 8 around the horizontal pin 30. The biasing force is elastic due to the gas pressure in the accumulator 44.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the adjusting wheel 3 has a shaft center located higher than the horizontal pin 30 which is a swing fulcrum of the support 8, and furthermore, a horizontal surface of the idler wheel 5 on the ground side. It is positioned higher than the tangent line (the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 7) L by the dimension H, and even if the support 8 swings counterclockwise, the axis of the adjusting wheel 3 always exists higher than the horizontal pin 30. I do.
As a result, even if the adjusting wheel 3 rides on a protrusion on the ground or collides with a stone, the adjusting wheel 3 retreats upward and rearward from the horizontal pin 30, and even if a shock is applied, the adjusting wheel 3 escapes upward and cushions. It becomes possible to make it work. That is, the tension adjusting mechanism 9 also functions as a buffer mechanism.
[0020]
The direction of movement of the adjustment wheel 3 due to the swing of the support 8 is an arc direction, but since the support 8 is inclined forward and upward, the axial center of the drive wheel 6 (rear) is viewed from the entire crawler traveling device 1. The movement is substantially in the near-far direction from the axle 33), the pivot axis of the track frame 2 (the pivot axis 36), or the vicinity thereof.
That is, the movement is not in the front-back direction along the base of the triangle but in the near-far direction (radial direction) from the center side of the substantially triangular crawler 7, and the elastic biasing force acts in the far direction (radial direction, radial direction). are doing.
[0021]
Accordingly, the moving distance for extending the crawler 7 for adjusting the tension of the adjusting wheel 3 is larger than the case where the adjusting wheel 3 is moved forward in the horizontal direction and the lower front vertex of the substantially triangular crawler 7 is moved forward. The crawler 7 can be extended sufficiently by the amount of movement to provide an appropriate tension.
The replenishing oil means 45 replenishes oil to the hydraulic system from the hydraulic cylinder 31 to the accumulator 44 by pressing the piston 45A with the pressure adjusting bolt 45B. When the piston rod 31A protrudes significantly, the gas pressure in the accumulator 44 can be returned to the initial appropriate pressure state by replenishing the oil, and the tension of the crawler 7 can be made substantially uniform. That is, the replenishing oil means 45 and the accumulator 44 constitute the elastic pressure maintaining means 10.
[0022]
The replenishing oil means 45 and the accumulator 44 are provided in each of the left and right crawler traveling devices 1, but may be common to the left and right, and by using the replenishing oil means 45 as a common and a master cylinder using hydraulic oil, The structure and installation are simplified, and the operation of the refueling oil and the adjustment of the tension become extremely easy.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, the track frame 2 may be swingably supported by a rear axle 33 and may be swung back and forth about the rear axle 33. The adjustment wheel 3 is provided on the rear side of the track frame 2 and the driven wheel 4 is provided on the front side. May be arranged.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described in detail above, the swing of the support 8 allows the adjusting wheel 3 to be moved substantially in the near and far directions from the swing axis of the drive wheel 6 or the track frame 2 and urges the adjusting wheel 3 in the far direction. Therefore, as compared with the case where the adjustment wheel 3 is moved linearly forward, the tension adjustment of the crawler 7 and the shock absorption can be made more efficient, and the configuration can be made inexpensive and compact.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a sectional rear view of the same.
4 is a sectional side view of the tension adjusting mechanism 9. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the semi-crawler tractor.
FIG. 6 is a sectional rear view of the same part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crawler running device 2 Track frame 3 Adjusting wheel 4 Idle wheel 5 Idling wheel 6 Drive wheel 7 Crawler 8 Support 9 Tension adjusting mechanism 10 Resilient pressure maintaining means 11 Spring material 31 Hydraulic cylinder 33 Rear axle 35 Swing support 36 Swing Drive shaft 45 Replenishing oil means

Claims (2)

A tension adjusting wheel (3), an idler driven wheel (4), and an idler wheel (5) in the middle thereof are arranged and supported on a track frame (2) in the front-rear direction, and the idler wheel (5) is provided. , A crawler (7) is wrapped around these wheels, and the track frame (2) is positioned parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheels (6). The front contact length is set longer than the rear contact length based on the axis of the drive wheel (6), and the adjusting wheel (3) is connected to the horizontal tangent (L) of the idle wheel (5). ) Higher than
Between the track frame (2) and the adjustment wheel (3), the adjustment wheel (3) is provided at the upper free end of a support (8) whose base is swingably supported at the front of the track frame (2). 3), the adjusting wheel (3) is supported so as to be able to move substantially in the near and far directions from the pivot axis of the track frame (2), and the adjusting wheel (3) is urged in the far direction to provide a cushioning effect. And a tension adjusting mechanism (9) for adjusting the tension by moving in the near and far directions . The tension adjusting mechanism (9) includes a hydraulic cylinder (31) provided between the track frame (2) and the adjusting wheel (3), and presses the adjusting wheel (3) on the hydraulic cylinder (31) in a far direction. The crawler traveling device according to claim 1, further comprising an accumulator (44) for applying a hydraulic pressure .

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