JP2010149860A - Crawler traveling device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve stability in the right and left direction of a tension adjustment by a front driven wheel and durability by making a support of the front driven wheel into double suspension structure. <P>SOLUTION: A crawler traveling device is provided with a tension adjustment mechanism 9 for adjusting the tension of a crawler 7 on the front part of a track frame 2 while supporting the front driven wheel 3. The tension adjustment mechanism 9 includes: a support body 11 fixed on the upper surface of the track frame 2; a pivoting body 10 which has a pair of right and left guide rods 10c slidably supported on the support body 11 in the longitudinal direction and supports a support shaft 3A of the front driven wheel 3 at both sides; tension springs 12 which are fitted to the respective right and left guide rods 10c and elastically springs the pivoting body 10 to the front driven wheel 3 side; and a slack correction means 13 which is disposed between the right and left tension springs 12 and moves the pivoting body 10 to the front driven wheel 3 side and absorbs an elongation when a crawler 7 is extended. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crawler traveling device that can be installed in a rear portion or the like of a tractor.

For example, some crawler traveling devices constitute a semi-crawler tractor by being equipped as a rear tire wheel of a tractor or instead of a rear tire wheel.
In the prior art of this type of crawler traveling device, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a track frame includes a tension adjusting front driven wheel, an idle driven wheel, and an idle wheel in between. A track frame is a tension adjustment mechanism that supports the arrangement in the front-rear direction, disposes drive wheels above the idler wheels, wraps crawlers around these wheels, and biases them in the tension adjustment direction while supporting the front driven wheels. A swing that is inclined downward from the top to the front driven wheel so that the track frame can swing around an axis that is parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheel, and sets the swing range of the track frame A range restricting means is disposed on the driven wheel side of the swing shaft, and the front driven wheel, the driven wheel and the idler wheel are supported by a cantilevered support shaft protruding outward from the track frame, and at least idle. And a support shaft is outward downward inclination (claims).

  The three free-wheeling wheels in the front-rear direction are individually supported by the track frame via a wheel shaft.

Japanese Patent No. 3560893

In the prior art, when the idler wheel runs on a flat ground, the three front and rear wheels touch the crawler at the same time to support the load, but when the idler wheel rides on an obstacle such as a stone, The idler wheel of the part floats up and does not support the load, and only the two front and rear idler wheels support the entire load.
In particular, if a load is applied to the rear part of the track frame, when the front idler wheel rides on an obstacle such as a stone, an excessive load is applied to the last idler wheel, and the vertical vibration of the track frame also occurs. growing.

An object of the present invention is to provide a crawler traveling device capable of solving such problems of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a crawler traveling device in which the front driven wheel is supported by a double suspension structure so that the lateral stability and durability of tension adjustment by the front driven wheel can be improved.

Specific means for solving the problems in the present invention are as follows.
First, the track frame 2 is swingably supported via the swing shaft 8 with respect to the rear axle case 34 of the traveling machine body 30, and the front and rear driven wheels 3 and 4 are disposed at the front and rear ends of the track frame 2. In addition, a plurality of idler wheels 5 in the front-rear direction are provided in the middle, and drive wheels 6 to which power is transmitted from the rear axle 33 supported by the rear axle case 34 are arranged above the midway part in the front-rear direction of the track frame 2. A tension adjusting mechanism that wraps a crawler 7 around the driving wheel 6, the front and rear driven wheels 3, 4 and the idler wheel 5 and adjusts the tension of the crawler 7 while supporting the front driven wheel 3 on the front portion of the track frame 2. 9
The tension adjusting mechanism 9 has a support 11 fixed to the upper surface of the track frame 2 and a pair of left and right guide rods 10c supported by the support 11 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction, and supports the front driven wheel 3. Between the left and right tension springs 12, a shaft support 10 that supports both ends of the shaft 3 A, a tension spring 12 that is fitted to the left and right guide rods 10 c and repels the shaft support 10 toward the front driven wheel 3. When the crawler 7 is extended, the shaft support body 10 is moved to the front driven wheel 3 side to absorb slackness correction when the crawler 7 is extended.

Second, the shaft support 10 projects a pair of left and right bearing bodies 10b that support the support shaft 3A from the left and right on the front surface of the support plate 10a parallel to the support body 11, and the support body 10a has a back surface on the support body 11a. The pair of left and right guide rods 10c to be inserted protrude.
Thirdly, the slack correction means 13 is configured such that an outer cylinder 15 fixed to the track frame 2 is fitted on an inner cylinder 14 fixed to the shaft support body 10, and the support 11 is infiltrated by intrusion of grease. Thus, it is a hydraulic structure that pushes the shaft support 10 forward.

Fourth, a tilt base 2a having a forward and downward slope is formed on the upper surface of the track frame 2, and the support 11 and the outer cylinder 15 are fixed to the tilt base 2a. The outer cylinder 15 is characterized by being cylindrical.
Fifthly, the swing shaft 8 is arranged to be shifted downward and forward from the center of the drive wheel 6, and the front and rear driven wheels 3 and 4 are set to have a larger diameter than the idler wheel 5. The horizontal distance L1 from the swing shaft 8 to the front driven wheel 3 is set longer than the horizontal distance L2 from the swing shaft 8 to the rear driven wheel 4;
The rear two idler wheels 5 among the plurality of idler wheels 5 are pivotally supported by an equalizer link 20, and the front and rear middle portions of the equalizer link 20 are pivotally supported by the track frame 2 via a pivotal shaft 22. In addition, the front idler wheel 5 of the two idler wheels 5 that are pivotally supported by the equalizer link 20 is arranged directly below the swing shaft 8.

The crawler traveling device works as follows.
When the front idler wheel 5 of the three wheels rides on an obstacle M such as a stone, the rear two idler wheels 5 pivotally supported by the equalizer link 20 are grounded simultaneously by the swing of the equalizer link 20. Thus, the load applied to the rear part of the track frame 2 is shared and supported by the rear two idler wheels 5, and the load applied to the front front idler wheel 5 is also reduced.

Further, since the middle idler wheel 5 is lowered and the rear idler wheel 5 is raised by the seesaw swinging on the equalizer link 20, the rise of the pivot shaft 22 of the equalizer link 20 is suppressed, and the vibration of the track frame 2 is suppressed. Is done.
Even when the four front wheels 5 are pivotally supported by the front and rear equalizer links 20F and 20R, and the two wheels 5 of the front equalizer links 20F ride on an obstacle M such as a stone, the rear equalizer links 20R The two idler wheels 5 on the rear side that are pivotally supported are simultaneously grounded to share and support the load, the load applied to the front equalizer link 20F is reduced, and the vibration of the track frame 2 is also suppressed.

  According to the present invention, the support of the front driven wheel has a double suspension structure, and the lateral stability and durability of tension adjustment by the front driven wheel can be improved.

It is a side view which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged side view of the principal part. It is a perspective view of the principal part. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the equalizer effect | action of an idle wheel. It is explanatory drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the tractor equipped with the crawler traveling device 1 includes the engine, the transmission case 31, and the front axle frame, and the like, and can be driven by the front axle frame. The front wheel as a steering wheel is mounted, the engine is covered with a bonnet, the cabin or the lops is mounted, the control part and the driver's seat are covered, the hydraulic device and the three-point link mechanism are provided at the rear part of the traveling body 30 A rear working machine such as a rotary cultivator is pulled and attached.

  The crawler traveling device 1 includes a track frame 2 formed of square material, plate material, pipe material, etc., a tension-adjusted front driven wheel (adjustment wheel) 3, a free-wheeling driven wheel 4, and an idler wheel 5 between them. Are arranged and supported in the front-rear direction, the driving wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, the crawler 7 is wound around all the wheels, and the track frame 2 is parallel to the axis of the driving wheel 6 and It is configured to be swingable about a swing shaft 8 positioned below.

The front driven wheel 3 is rotatably supported by a free end of a downwardly inclined tension adjusting mechanism 9 provided on the upper surface of the front end of the track frame 2 via a support shaft 3A.
The tension adjusting mechanism 9 includes a support 11 fixed to an inclined base 2a inclined forward and downward on the upper surface of the track frame 2, and a support shaft 3A of the front driven wheel 3 supported by the support 11 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. A shaft support 10 that supports the shaft, a tension spring 12 that repels the shaft support 10 toward the front driven wheel 3, and a crawler 7 that moves the shaft support 10 toward the front driven wheel 3 to extend. And a slack correcting means 13 for absorbing. Reference numeral 17 in FIG. 1 denotes a cover that covers the tension adjusting mechanism 9.

The shaft support 10 protrudes from the left and right bearing bodies 10b that support the support shaft 3A from the left and right on the front surface of the support plate 10a parallel to the support body 11, and is inserted into the support body 11 on the rear surface of the support plate 10a. A pair of guide rods 10c is projected, and the tension spring 12 is fitted to the left and right guide rods 10c.
The slack correction means 13 includes an inner cylindrical body 14 fixed to the back surface of the support plate 10a of the shaft support body 10, an outer cylindrical body 15 which is externally fitted to the inner cylindrical body 14 and is fixed to the inclined base 2a, A pusher 16 is disposed in the cylinder 14 and pushes the shaft support 10 forward relative to the support 11. The pusher 16 has a hydraulic structure that prevents grease from entering and preventing the shaft support 10 from returning backward when the crawler 7 extends and the shaft support 10 moves forward. However, the pusher 16 may be a push screw type.

The inner cylinder body 14 and the outer cylinder body 15 are cylindrical and fitted with no gap, and the inner cylinder body 14 is slidable in the outer cylinder body 15 and has a yoke portion that supports the front driven wheel 3. The gap can be made smaller than when the inner cylinder body 14 and the outer cylinder body 15 are formed in a square cylinder shape, and the noise and wear are reduced.
By providing a pair of left and right guide rods 10c, the shaft support body 10 is prevented from rotating, and a tension spring 12 is provided on each of the pair of left and right guide rods 10c, so that the front driven wheel 3 is provided. The support has a double suspension structure, and the lateral stability and durability of the tension adjustment by the front driven wheel 3 are improved.

The rear end of the track frame 2 has a bifurcated shape, and rotatably supports the support shaft 4A of the rear driven wheel 4 via a pair of left and right bearing bodies 18.
The idler wheel 5 has a smaller diameter than the front driven wheel 3 and the rear driven wheel 4, and is arranged on the track frame 2 through the wheel shaft 5A in the front and rear, and exemplifies a freely rotatable Matagi wheel. .
The idler wheel 5 on the front side of the idler wheel 5 has a wheel shaft 5A supported on the track frame 2 via a single bracket 24 fixed to the lower surface, and The idler wheel 5 of the two wheels on the side (middle part and rear part) pivotally supports the wheel shaft 5A on the equalizer link 20 and a pivot shaft 22 on a bracket 21 fixed to the track frame 2 at the front and rear halfway part of the equalizer link 20. It is pivoted so that the seesaw can swing freely.

The height of the pivot shaft 22 of the equalizer link 20 is set higher than the wheel shaft 5A of the idler wheel 5 in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is set to the same height as the wheel shaft 5A of the idler wheel 5 in FIG. Has been. The distances T1 and T2 from the pivot shaft 22 to the middle and rear idler wheels 5 are set to be the same, but one may be set longer than the other.
A horizontal distance S1 from the swing shaft 8 to the pivot shaft 22 of the equalizer link 20 is set shorter than a horizontal distance S2 from the swing shaft 8 to the wheel shaft 5A of the front idler wheel 5 in the idler wheel. The load applied to the track frame 2 is mainly carried by the two rear wheels from the front idler wheel 5.

  The drive wheel 6 is a sprocket (a drive transmission body having teeth on the outer periphery of the disc) mounted on the outer end surface of the rear axle (drive shaft) 33. The rear axle 33 is supported by a rear axle case 34 projecting left and right from the rear part of the transmission case 31 constituting the traveling vehicle body 30, and projects outward from the rear axle case 34. In the case of a wheel-type tractor, the rear axle 33 is driven. Tire wheels are mounted instead of the wheels 6.

The pitch circle diameter 6P of the drive wheel 6 is set to be approximately half of the outer circumference circle diameter of the tire wheel. Therefore, in the power transmission system to the front wheel, it is necessary to make the drive wheel 6 approximately equal to the peripheral speed of the drive wheel 6. A reduction gear is incorporated. A transmission that increases the peripheral speed of the front wheels more than the peripheral speed of the drive wheels 6 may be provided.
Since the driving wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, the front driven wheel 3 and the rear driven wheel 4 are triangularly arranged, and the driving wheel 6 forms an upper apex of the triangle, and the front driven wheel 3 and The rear driven wheels 4 each form a lower vertex. The crawlers (elastic crawler belts) 7 wound around these wheels have a substantially triangular shape (a rice ball shape) in a side view, and the idler wheel 5 is positioned at the bottom of the substantially triangular shape.

  The crawler 7 may be an iron crawler. Here, a rubber crawler in which a circumferential tensile body is embedded is used, and teeth (engagement protrusions) of the drive wheel 6 are engaged at the center in the width direction. Engagement holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a lug having a pattern such as a horizontal letter or a letter C is formed on the outer peripheral grounding surface, and a derailment prevention protrusion is formed on the inner peripheral surface. The crawler 7 may be formed by embedding a core metal, which is a tensile body in the width direction, at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The track frame 2 is provided with an extension base 36 formed of a plate material or the like protruding from the main body portion toward the traveling machine body 30, and a swing support 35 is bolted onto the extension base 36. The upper portion of the swing support 35 is supported by a horizontal swing shaft 8 supported by a reinforcing frame 37.
The reinforcing frame 37 includes a mounting frame 38 fixed to the left and right rear axle cases 34 by bolts, and a connecting member 39 fixed to the lower surface of the transmission case 31 by bolts and connected to the mounting frames 38 at both left and right ends. have. A cabin support base 40 is provided on the upper stop plate 38 a of the mounting frame 38.

  A swing shaft 8 is provided on the left and right attachment frame bodies 38 of the reinforcing frame 37, and the swing support 35 is swingably fitted to the swing shaft 8. The pivot shaft 8 has an axis that is parallel to and below the axis of the rear axle 33, and may be directly below the rear axle 33, but is displaced by a dimension K forward from just below the rear axle 33. The center of swinging of the track frame 2 in the front-rear direction (vertical direction at the front-rear end).

In the crawler traveling device 1 having a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the side, the horizontal distance from the rear axle 33 to the front driven wheel 3 is set to be longer than the horizontal distance from the rear axle 33 to the rear driven wheel 4. The horizontal distance L 1 from the front driven wheel 3 to the front driven wheel 3 is also set longer than the horizontal distance L 2 from the swing shaft 8 to the rear driven wheel 4.
The shaft center of the swing shaft 8 is located immediately below or in front of the rear axle 33, and the horizontal distance L1 of the front portion from the shaft center of the swing shaft 8 of the crawler travel device 1 is greater than that of the rear portion. If the crawler 7 is lifted when the crawler 7 is lifted, the crawler 7 is balanced with the tension between the driving wheel 6 and the front driven wheel 3 and the rear driven wheel 4. The front part will be lifted so as to be, and if it is grounded in this state, an upward force is applied to the front part of the traveling device. This upward force makes it easy to climb onto an obstacle, and the crawler traveling device 1 can improve traveling performance in the field, and can improve traveling stability and traction force.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the front and rear driven wheels 3, 4 are positioned higher than the horizontal tangent line (inner peripheral surface of the crawler 7) on the ground side of the idler wheel 5 by a height H. Even if the front driven wheel 3 is moved downward from the center side of the crawler 7 by adjustment, the front driven wheel 3 is always higher than the tangent.
The function of the three-wheeled idler wheel 5 in the first embodiment will be further described in detail with reference to FIGS.

When traveling on the flat ground in FIG. 5A, all the three wheels are in contact with the crawler 7 as in the conventional case, that is, in contact with the field scene.
When the front idler wheel 5 rides on the obstacle M as shown in FIG. 5A, the equalizer link 20 swings the seesaw and exhibits the equalizer action, and the midway idler wheel 5 is grounded together with the rear idler wheel 5. Since the horizontal distance S1 from the swing shaft 8 to the pivot shaft 22 is shorter than the horizontal distance S2 from the swing shaft 8 to the front idler wheel 5, the conventional front idler wheel 5 and rear idler wheel 5 are two wheels. The load applied to the pivot shaft 22 is larger and the load applied to the front bearing wheel 5 is smaller when the front idler wheel 5 and the pivot shaft 22 are supported.

The increased load is simultaneously shared by the midway idler wheel 5 and the rear idler wheel 5 via the equalizer link 20 pivotally supported by the pivotal support shaft 22. The load applied to each of the intermediate idler wheel 5 and the rear idler wheel 5 is shared, so that the rear idler wheel in the case where the conventional idler wheel 5 and the rear idler wheel 5 are supported by only two wheels. The load applied to 5 is smaller.
Therefore, when the front idler wheel 5 rides on the obstacle M, the three wheels share the load, and the load shared by the front idler wheel 5 becomes relatively small. The load to suppress the force is reduced.

  Accordingly, when the horizontal distance L1 from the swing shaft 8 to the front driven wheel 3 at the time of grounding is set to be longer than the horizontal distance L2 from the swing shaft 8 to the rear driven wheel 4, and the tension is applied to the crawler 7 By applying an upward force to the front part of the traveling device, it is possible to ensure the function of smoothly moving over obstacles in paddy fields and wet fields and improving running performance. Further, since the rear idler wheel 5 does not apply a local heavy load to the crawler 7, the worm-feeding phenomenon occurring on the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 7 can also be reduced.

  When the midway idler wheel 5 rides on the obstacle M as shown in FIG. 5C, the equalizer link 20 swings and the rear idler wheel 5 is grounded together with the midway idler wheel 5. Since the pivot shaft 22 is located between the midway idler wheel 5 and the rear idler wheel 5, the pivotal shaft that supports the equalizer link 20 is the same as when the front idler wheel 5 rides on the obstacle M. The up-and-down motion of 22 is smaller than the up-and-down motion of the intermediate idler wheel 5 when the conventional idler wheel 5 and the rear idler wheel 5 are supported, and the vibration applied to the traveling machine body 30 can be reduced.

When the midway idler wheel 5 rides on the obstacle M, not only the front idler wheel 5 and the rear idler wheel 5 but also both wheels come into contact with each other to share the load, and the rear idler wheel 5 When the vehicle rides on the vehicle, not only the front idler wheel 5 but also the midway idler wheel 5 is grounded to share the load and reduce the maximum load on one wheel.
FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment, in which four idler wheels 5 in the front-rear direction are provided in the middle of the track frame 2, and the idler wheels 5 in the front and rear wheels are respectively connected to the equalizer links. 20F and 20R are pivotally supported, and the front and rear halfway portions of the equalizer links 20F and 20R are pivotally supported by the track frame 2 via pivot shafts 22F and 22R. The horizontal distance S1 up to 22R is set shorter than the horizontal distance S3 from the swing shaft 8 to the front pivot shaft 22F.

The load supporting action of the two idle wheels 5 on the rear two wheels pivotally supported by the rear equalizer link 20R is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the idle rotation of the two front wheels pivotally supported by the front equalizer link 20F. The wheel 5 also operates in the same manner as these.
Coupled with the fact that the front and rear driven wheels 3 and 4 are positioned higher than the horizontal tangent on the ground side of the idler wheel 5 by a dimension H, a total of four front and rear wheels supported by the front and rear equalizer links 20F and 20R, respectively. The wheels 5 are grounded simultaneously by the equalizer action to share and support the load, the load applied to the front equalizer link 20F is reduced, and the vibration of the track frame 2 is also suppressed.

In the present invention, the shape of each member and the positional relationship between the front, rear, left, and right in the above embodiment are best configured as shown in FIGS. However, it is not limited to the said embodiment, A member, a structure can be variously changed, and a combination can also be changed.
For example, if an upward force is applied to the front part of the traveling device when a tension is applied to the crawler 7, there is no problem even if the swing shaft 8 is positioned below the center of the drive wheel 6 and slightly behind the bottom. If there are four idlers 5, only the rear two wheels may be supported by the equalizer link 20 and the remaining two front wheels may be individually supported by the track frame 2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crawler traveling device 2 Track frame 3 Front driven wheel 4 Rear driven wheel 5 Free-wheeling wheel 5A Wheel shaft 6 Drive wheel 7 Crawler 8 Swing shaft 9 Tension adjustment mechanism 13 Slack correction means 20 Equalizer link 22 Pivot shaft

Claims (5)

The track frame (2) is swingably supported via the swing shaft (8) with respect to the rear axle case (34) of the traveling machine body (30), and the front and rear ends of the track frame (2) are front and rear. After arranging the driving wheels (3, 4) and providing a plurality of idler wheels (5) in the front-rear direction in the middle, and supported by the rear axle case (34) above the middle in the front-rear direction of the track frame (2) A drive wheel (6) to which power is transmitted from the axle (33) is arranged, and a crawler (7) is wound around the drive wheel (6), the front and rear driven wheels (3, 4) and the idler wheel (5), A tension adjusting mechanism (9) for adjusting the tension of the crawler (7) while supporting the front driven wheel (3) at the front of the track frame (2);
The tension adjusting mechanism (9) includes a support body (11) fixed to the upper surface of the track frame (2), and a pair of left and right guide bars (10c) supported by the support body (11) so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. And a shaft support (10) that supports both the support shafts (3A) of the front driven wheel (3) and the left and right guide rods (10c). The tension spring (12) that springs toward the front driven wheel (3) and the left and right tension springs (12) are arranged between the tension spring (12) and the crawler (7) extends to support the shaft support (10) with the front driven wheel ( 3) A crawler traveling device comprising slack correcting means (13) that moves toward the side and absorbs elongation.   The shaft support (10) projects a pair of left and right bearing bodies (10b) for supporting the support shaft (3A) from the left and right on the front surface of the support plate (10a) parallel to the support (11), thereby supporting the support plate (10a). 2. The crawler traveling device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of left and right guide rods (10 c) inserted through the support body (11) protrude from the back surface of the crawler traveling device.   The slack correction means (13) is configured such that an outer cylindrical body (15) fixed to the track frame (2) is externally fitted to an inner cylindrical body (14) fixed to the shaft support body (10), so that grease can enter. The crawler traveling device according to claim 1, wherein the crawler traveling device is a hydraulic structure that pushes the shaft support (10) forward relative to the support (11).   An inclined base (2a) that is inclined forward and downward is formed on the upper surface of the track frame (2), and the support (11) and the outer cylinder (15) are fixed to the inclined base (2a), The crawler travel device according to claim 3, wherein the inner cylinder (14) and the outer cylinder (15) are cylindrical. The swing shaft (8) is disposed below and forward of the center of the drive wheel (6) and the front and rear driven wheels (3, 4) are set to have a larger diameter than the idler wheel (5). The horizontal distance (L1) from the rocking shaft (8) to the front driven wheel (3) at the time of grounding is set longer than the horizontal distance (L2) from the rocking shaft (8) to the rear driven wheel (4). ,
The two idler wheels (5) on the rear side of the plurality of idler wheels (5) are pivotally supported on the equalizer link (20), and the front and rear middle portions of the equalizer link (20) are connected to the track frame (2). The front idler wheel (5) of the idler wheels (5) of the rear two wheels pivotally supported by the pivot shaft (22) and pivotally supported by the equalizer link (20) is swung. The crawler travel device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the crawler travel device is disposed immediately below the shaft (8).

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