JP3491807B2 - Glass antenna for automobile - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a glass antenna provided on a side window glass for a vehicle such as an automobile, and more particularly to an F antenna.
The present invention relates to a glass antenna suitable for receiving radio waves of M radio broadcast waves and AM radio broadcast waves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a glass antenna for a vehicle, an antenna provided in an upper margin portion or a lower margin portion of a conductive wire for heating a rear window glass, and an antenna provided with a linear antenna on a front window glass have been used. It is known and has been put to practical use, but in the former case, since the space is originally small and there is a risk of obstructing the field of view, the antenna occupying area becomes small and sufficient reception gain cannot always be obtained. It was

Further, the latter antenna provided on the front window glass has a relatively high reception gain, but has a restriction on the mounting place more than the rear window glass so as not to hinder the driver's view.
Therefore, the antenna provided on the side window glass has been attracting attention due to the widespread use of RVs and the like, which have almost no such restrictions and have a relatively large area side window glass. 61509, JP-A-61-265
Many applications such as 904 have also been filed.

[0004]

However, most of the proposals relate to antennas for receiving TV broadcast waves, and few proposals have been made for antennas for receiving FM radio broadcast waves and AM radio broadcast waves.

In particular, in the case of RV vehicles, the rear window glass can be opened and closed in many cases, and even if it is a type that does not open and close, the size of the rear window glass is small and the mounting angle is close to vertical, so that it is heated for anti-fogging. The area occupied by the antenna in the upper or lower margin of the wire is small, and even if an antenna wire is provided in this area, sufficient reception gain cannot be obtained. Especially, AM radio broadcast waves and FM radio broadcasts with low reception frequencies This is remarkable in the case of an antenna wire for receiving waves. In recent years, there has been a demand for an antenna for receiving a radio broadcast provided on a side window glass, but a proposal has hardly been made. .

In addition, when receiving radio waves in the ultra-high frequency band such as FM radio broadcast waves, it is common to provide a plurality of antennas and switch to one with a higher reception gain to receive the signals. Therefore, a single antenna gains in a certain direction. Although it is possible to use a device having a strong directional characteristic such as a dip, it is the actual situation that such a diversity antenna cannot be put to practical use when diversity reception is not performed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and by improving the directional characteristics, not only can FM radio broadcast waves be suitably received, but also AM radio broadcast waves, long-wave bands and short-wave bands can be received. An object of the present invention is to provide a glass antenna in which an antenna wire that can receive radio waves alone is effectively arranged on a side window glass.

[0008]

To solve the above problems SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, one of the sides the U-side window glass for a vehicle
A first vertical filament extending from the power feeding portion disposed in the inner portion to the vicinity of the upper edge along the side edge, and a first horizontal filament extending from the first vertical filament to the substantially central portion along the upper edge. And a second vertical line extending substantially vertically from the first horizontal line to the vicinity of the lower side edge and a second horizontal line extending from the second vertical line to the vicinity of the other side edge along the lower side. And at least a third vertical filament extending from the second horizontal filament to the corner along the other side opposite to the first vertical filament, the second vertical filament and the second vertical filament. 3 drops
The length of the linear article is substantially equal, the Ri Do from vertical strip and one antenna which all formed by a single conductive filament of the horizontal strip, the directional characteristics with respect to the FM radio broadcast wave non-directional
FM radio wave and AM that can be received independently
Gala for automobiles suitable for receiving radio waves
It is the antenna. Alternatively, in the present invention, when the size of the window glass is relatively large, a first horizontal linear line extending from the power feeding portion disposed in the upper side corner portion of the vehicle side window glass to the substantially central portion along the upper side, A first vertical line extending substantially vertically from the first horizontal line to the vicinity of the lower side edge, and a second horizontal line extending from the second vertical line to the vicinity of the other side edge along the lower side. Alternatively, at least a second vertical line extending from the second horizontal line to the corner along the other side may be provided.

Alternatively, according to the present invention, a first vertical line extending from a power feeding portion arranged at one side corner of a side window glass for a vehicle to a vicinity of a lower edge along the side, A first horizontal filament extending from the first vertical filament to a substantially central portion along a lower side, a second vertical filament extending substantially centrally from the first horizontal filament to a vicinity of an upper edge, and a second A second horizontal filament extending from the vertical filament to the vicinity of the other side edge along the upper side, and a corner from the second horizontal filament to the other side opposite to the first vertical filament.
At least a third vertical line extending to the
2 is substantially equal to the length of the vertical strip and the third vertical strip, Ri Do from one antenna all of the horizontal strip and the vertical strip formed by a single conductive filament, FM radio broadcast waves To
On the other hand, the directional characteristics are close to omnidirectional and can be received independently.
Receives radio waves of FM and AM radio broadcast waves
Is a glass antenna for automobiles suitable for. Alternatively, according to the present invention, when the size of the window glass is relatively large, a first horizontal linear line extending from the power feeding portion disposed at the lower side corner portion of the vehicle side window glass to the substantially central portion along the lower side is provided. , A first vertical filament extending substantially vertically from the first horizontal filament to the vicinity of the upper edge, and a second vertical filament extending from the second vertical filament to the vicinity of the other side edge along the upper edge.
From the second horizontal line to the other side
You may make it provide at least the 2nd vertical filament which extends to a corner part .

Further, a U-shaped folded portion connecting the ends of the two parallel lines may be inserted into a part of the power feeding portion or the antenna. Further vertical strip and horizontal strips may be all or part of the form by a plurality of conductive filament or two.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As shown in Embodiment 1, the antenna of the present invention has a first vertical filament and a first horizontal filament arranged along the periphery of a window glass, and a second vertical filament. Is arranged substantially in the center, and the second horizontal line and the third vertical line are basically S-shaped arranged along the peripheral part of the window glass. As shown in Embodiments 4 and 5, the total length of the antenna can be increased by inserting it in the middle of the feeding portion or the antenna . In this case, the first vertical filament can be omitted. .

Also, when the window glass size is large, or when the reception frequency is relatively high as in FM radio broadcast waves (88 MHz to 108 MHz) in the United States, Europe, etc., as shown in the sixth embodiment, the first vertical Lines can be omitted.

In each case, the first vertical filament and the third vertical filament
The vertical stripes, the first horizontal stripes, the second horizontal stripes, etc., which are arranged along the peripheral portion of the window glass, are at least 10 m so that the reception gain does not decrease due to the influence of the metal body.
It is preferable to dispose them at a distance of m or more.

Further, as shown in the embodiment, the entire lateral S-shape may be doubled, or a part thereof may be doubled. The antenna of the present invention has a horizontal S-shaped pattern so that one end of one of the conventional three horizontal wire lines provided at the upper and lower sides and the central part is connected by a vertical wire at an E-shape. Since the total length can be increased as compared with a pattern such as a shape or a pattern that makes one round all around, it is possible to further increase the reception gain for AM radio broadcast waves and FM radio broadcast waves. In addition , the effective reception area can be increased as compared to the conventional pattern in which the conductive wire extends over the entire circumference for one or more rounds, so that AM radio broadcast waves can be preferably received. ,
Since the antenna reception area can be increased by forming a part or all of the antenna in double, not only can the reception gain be improved with respect to AM radio broadcast waves, but also 144 kHz to 288 kHz in Europe and the like.
Broadcasts such as z longwave and shortwave can also be received.

Further, in particular, in order to improve the reception gain for FM radio broadcast waves or to improve the directivity characteristics,
Or to adjust the impedance, a horizontal line,
Vertical stripes, or L-shaped combination of these, T
Various auxiliary elements such as letter-shape and U-shape can be added. When receiving FM radio broadcast wave, AM radio broadcast wave, long wave or short wave, an impedance matching circuit, preamplifier circuit, etc. are added as external circuits. May be.

The antenna of the present invention can be provided independently on either the left or right side window glass to receive independently when receiving an AM radio broadcast wave or an FM radio broadcast wave, but when receiving an FM radio broadcast wave. A glass antenna for receiving FM radio broadcast waves provided on the other side window glass (an antenna having the configuration of the present invention is preferable, but glass antennas having other configurations may of course be used), or an FM radio provided on the rear window glass. Of course, diversity reception may be performed in combination with a glass antenna for receiving broadcast waves, a glass antenna provided on the front window glass, a hop antenna, or the like.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 8 are front views of the antennas according to Examples 1 to 8 mounted on one side window glass as seen from the outside of the vehicle, and FIGS. 9 to 10 are at 84 MHz and 98 MHz according to Example 1. FIG. 11 is a directional characteristic diagram, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a terminal voltage when the radio wave in the AM radio band is received by the antenna 3 ′ in the example 1 and the antenna in the comparative example.

Embodiment 1 This is an example corresponding to claim 1 , and as shown in FIG. 1, a power feeding portion 2 and a power feeding portion 2 are provided on a vehicle inner surface of a glass sheet 1 mounted on one side window glass for a vehicle. A first vertical filament 3 ₁ having a length of 320 mm extending upward from the power feeding portion 2 along the right side;
A first horizontal filament 3 ₂ having a length of 330 mm extending along the upper side to almost the central portion, a second vertical filament 3 ₃ having a length of 370 mm extending downward substantially at the central portion of the window glass, and a lower edge A second horizontal filament 3 _{4 having} a length of 330 mm extending to the left side on the side opposite to the first vertical filament, and a third vertical filament 3 ₅ having an length of 370 mm extending upward along the left edge. is screen printed before bending the glass antenna 3 for receiving AM radio broadcast waves and FM radio broadcast waves of the present invention the horizontal S-shape and a third short horizontal strip 3 ₆ of 100mm length, It is formed by firing and bending at the same time.

The dimensions of the plate glass 1 thus obtained are A = 630 mm, A ′ = 630 mm and B = 450 m.
m, B '= 430 mm, installed on the side window glass of an automobile, which is almost the center of the domestic FM radio broadcasting wave band 84
MHz and 98, which is almost the center of the European and American FM radio wave band
When radio waves in the FM radio band of MHz were received and their directional characteristics were measured, the results were as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, respectively.

As is clear from this result, there is almost no drop (dip) in the reception gain due to the difference in the arrival direction of the radio wave, and it is clear that the directional characteristic is extremely good. Further, when the radio waves in the AM radio band of 530 KHz to 1600 KHz are received by the antenna 3'installed on the other window glass and the reception performance is shown by the terminal voltage, it becomes as shown in FIG. Compared with an antenna (hereinafter, referred to as a comparative example) in which a conductive wire is made around the window glass from the power feeding section at the corner to the window glass in the vicinity of the window glass (hereinafter, referred to as a comparative example), it is improved by about 2 dB in almost the entire area, and it is a good antenna Recognize.

Example 2 to Example 8 Example 2 shown in FIG. 2 is an example corresponding to claims 1 and 6 , and the antenna 3 has a first vertical line 3 ₁ and a first horizontal line 3. 3 ₂ , the second vertical filament 3 ₃ and the second horizontal filament 3 ₄ have the same configuration and dimensions as in the first embodiment, and the third vertical filament 3 3
₅ (length 370mm), 3 ₅ '(length 350mm) and 3rd
Horizontal line 3 ₆ (length 50mm), 3 ₆ '(length 80m
m) is double formed, and the auxiliary element 4 is composed of a vertical line having a length of 340 mm and a horizontal line having a length of 400 mm, a vertical line having a length of 300 mm and a horizontal line having a length of 300 mm. And an auxiliary element 5 composed of a vertical filament having a length of 350 mm,
The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Example 3 shown in FIG. 3 is an example corresponding to claim 1, claim 5, and claim 6 , and the antenna 3 has a first vertical filament 3 ₁ having a length of 320 mm and a long length. 380m
a first horizontal filament 3 ₂ of m and a folded-back portion 3 _{3 in} which two parallel lines having a length of 70 mm are connected by a filament having a length of 20 mm,
A second vertical strip 3 ₄ is 350mm in length, the length 25
A second horizontal strip ₃₅ of 0 mm, with respect to vertical strip 3 ₆ is 350mm long, the first and vertical strip 3 ₁ ', the first horizontal line of 250mm length of length 300mm Article 3 ₂ ',
The second vertical filament 3 ₃ ′ with a length of 350 mm and the length of 39
A second horizontal filament 3 ₄ ′ having a length of 0 mm and a vertical filament 3 ₅ ′ having a length of 370 mm are doubly formed, and a horizontal filament 3 ₆ ′ having a length of 80 mm is added.

Example 4 shown in FIG. 4 is an example corresponding to claims 2, 5, and 6 , and includes a folded-back portion 3 _{1 in} which ends of horizontal two wires are connected by a short line, 1 horizontal line 3 ₂
And 3 ₂ ′, the first vertical filaments 3 ₃ and 3 ₃ ′, the second horizontal filaments 3 ₄ and 3 ₄ ′ and the second vertical filaments 3 ₅ and 3 ₅ ′, and the folded portion 3 ₁ The following is formed in double.

The fifth embodiment shown in FIG.
This is an example corresponding to No. 5, a short vertical filament 3 ₁ which is a lead wire and hardly acts as an antenna, a first horizontal filament 3 ₂ and a folded portion in which the ends of the horizontal 2 filaments are connected by a vertical filament. 3 ₃ , first vertical line 3 ₄ and second horizontal line 3
_5, some were added auxiliary element 6 to the configured antenna 3 from the second vertical strip 3 _6.

Example 6 shown in FIG. 6 is an example corresponding to claim 2 in which the window glass size is larger than the other example 1, and in this case, the window glass size is large.
Since each of the first horizontal filament 3 ₁ , the first vertical filament 3 ₂ , the second horizontal filament 3 ₃ and the second vertical filament 3 ₄ can be lengthened, four conductive filaments are provided. It's done.

The seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is defined in claims 3 and 4.
This is an example corresponding to No. 6 , and the antenna 3 includes a first vertical filament 3 ₁ , a first horizontal filament 3 ₂ and a second vertical filament 3 ₃ .
The second horizontal filaments 3 ₄ , 3 ₄ ′ and the third vertical filaments 3 ₅ ,
3 ₅ ′, 3 ₅ ″, with the addition of the third horizontal filaments 3 ₆ and 3 ₆ ′. The second horizontal filament, the third vertical filament, and the third horizontal filament. In addition to being formed in a heavy and triple structure, the auxiliary element 7 and the auxiliary element 8 are added.

The eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is defined by claim 4 and claim 6.
The antenna 3 corresponds to the first horizontal filament 3
₁ and 3 ₁ ′, first vertical filaments 3 ₂ and 3 ₂ ′, second horizontal filaments 3 ₃ and 3 ₃ ′, and second vertical filaments 3 ₄ and 3 ₄ ′, it is obtained by adding a third horizontal strip 3 _5, 3 ₅ '.
Each element is doubled and an auxiliary element 9 is added.

The glass antennas 3 of the fifth and sixth embodiments obtained in this manner also have reception performances similar to those of the antenna 3 of the first embodiment for AM radio broadcast waves and FM radio broadcast waves, respectively. Example 2, Example 3, Example 4, Example 7 and Example 8 are AM radio broadcast waves, FM
It was confirmed that both had better reception performance than that of Example 1 for radio broadcast waves.

[0029]

As described above, even if the glass antenna of the present invention is an antenna provided on a side window glass,
Not only can it receive FM radio broadcast waves and AM radio broadcast waves with high gain, but it can also receive long-wave and short-wave radio waves, and its directional characteristics are omnidirectional especially for FM radio broadcast waves. Can be received alone near by.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the antenna according to the first embodiment provided on one side window glass as viewed from outside the vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on one side window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a third embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on one side window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a fourth embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on one side window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a fifth embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on one side window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing Example 6 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on one side window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a seventh embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on one side window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing an embodiment 8 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on one side window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 9 is a directional characteristic diagram when an 84 MHz radio wave in the FM radio band is received by the antenna in the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a directional characteristic diagram when an antenna of Example 1 receives a radio wave of 98 MHz in the FM radio band.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a terminal voltage when the radio wave in the AM radio band is received by the antenna 3 of the example 1 and the antenna of the comparative example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 plate glass 2 power supply 3 Glass antenna of the present invention 4-9 Auxiliary element

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-8-265029 (JP, A) Fukukaihei 2-811 (JP, U) JP-B 61-42443 (JP, B1) JP-B 1- 57843 (JP, B2) Japanese Patent Publication 3-63843 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01Q 1/32

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first vertical filament extending from a power feeding portion arranged at one side corner portion of a side window glass for a vehicle to a vicinity of an upper side edge along the side edge portion, and A first horizontal filament extending from the one vertical filament to the substantially central portion along the upper side, a second vertical filament extending substantially centrally from the first horizontal filament to the vicinity of the lower edge, and a second vertical filament A second horizontal line extending from the vertical line along the lower side to the vicinity of the other side edge, and from the second horizontal line to the corner portion along the other side opposite to the first vertical line A second vertical line and a third vertical line , which at least include a third vertical line extending.
Of substantially the same length, the vertical line and the horizontal line are all formed by one conductive line antenna.
The directional characteristics are close to omnidirectional for FM radio broadcast waves.
FM radio broadcasting characterized by enabling independent reception
A glass antenna for an automobile, which is suitable for receiving radio waves of transmitted waves and AM radio broadcast waves . 2. A first horizontal filament extending from a power feeding portion disposed at an upper corner of a side window glass for a vehicle to an approximately central portion along the upper edge, and a lower edge of the first horizontal filament extending approximately at the central portion. A first vertical line extending vertically to the vicinity, a second horizontal line extending from the first vertical line to the vicinity of the other side edge along the lower side, and a second horizontal line extending from the second horizontal line to the other side At least a second vertical filament extending to a corner portion , wherein the lengths of the first vertical filament and the second vertical filament are
Substantially equal, Ri Do from the vertical strip and the horizontal one antenna formed by a single conductive filament all striatum, FM
The directional characteristics are almost omnidirectional with respect to radio broadcast waves.
FM radio broadcasting waves characterized by enabling reception and A
Glass antenna for automobiles suitable for receiving radio waves of M radio broadcast waves . 3. A first vertical filament extending from a power feeding portion disposed at one side corner portion of a side window glass for a vehicle to a vicinity of a lower side edge along the side edge portion, and A first horizontal filament extending from the one vertical filament to a substantially central portion along the lower side, a second vertical filament extending substantially centrally from the first horizontal filament to a vicinity of the upper edge, and a second vertical filament. A second horizontal line extending from the vertical line along the upper side to the vicinity of the other side edge, and from the second horizontal line to the corner along the other side opposite to the first vertical line A second vertical line and a third vertical line , which at least include a third vertical line extending.
Have substantially the same length, and the vertical wire and the horizontal wire are all formed of a single conductive wire.
The directional characteristics are close to omnidirectional for FM radio broadcast waves.
FM radio broadcasting characterized by enabling independent reception
A glass antenna for an automobile, which is suitable for receiving radio waves of transmitted waves and AM radio broadcast waves . 4. A first horizontal filament extending from a power feeding portion disposed at a lower corner of a side window glass for a vehicle to a substantially central portion along a lower edge, and an edge of an upper edge extending substantially centrally from the first horizontal filament. A first vertical line extending vertically to the vicinity, a second horizontal line extending from the first vertical line to the vicinity of the other side edge along the upper side, and a second horizontal line extending from the second horizontal line to the other side At least a second vertical filament extending to a corner portion , wherein the lengths of the first vertical filament and the second vertical filament are
Substantially equal, Ri Do from the vertical strip and the horizontal one antenna formed by a single conductive filament all striatum, FM
The directional characteristics are almost omnidirectional with respect to radio broadcast waves.
FM radio broadcasting waves characterized by enabling reception and A
Glass antenna for automobiles suitable for receiving radio waves of M radio broadcast waves . 5. The U-shaped folded portion connecting the ends of the parallel two wires is inserted into a part of the feeding portion or the antenna, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The radio waves of the FM radio broadcast wave and AM radio broadcast wave described
A glass antenna for automobiles suitable for receiving . 6. The FM radio broadcast wave according to claim 1, wherein all or some of the vertical and horizontal filaments are formed by a plurality of conductive filaments.
A glass antenna for automobiles suitable for receiving radio waves of AM radio broadcast waves .