JP2962394B2 - Glass antenna for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a glass antenna provided on a rear window glass of a vehicle such as an automobile, and more particularly to a glass antenna suitable for receiving TV broadcast waves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a demand for a glass antenna for a vehicle for receiving a TV broadcast wave in addition to a radio broadcast wave such as AM and FM. Provided (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-20370)
No. 2), but there is a possibility that the visibility of the driver may be impaired, so it is hardly practically used, and a glass antenna provided with a heating wire for anti-fog on the rear window glass occupies the mainstream. No. 121603, JP-A-2-2182
Various proposals such as No. 02 have been made. However, since a plurality of heating wires occupy most of the area of the rear window glass, the area occupied by the antenna is reduced, so that not only a sufficient reception gain cannot be obtained, but also a radio wave Depending on the direction of arrival, the reception gain may drop (dip), or the plane of polarization of a generally radiated radio wave with horizontal polarization may be reflected by obstacles such as buildings in the middle,
The polarization plane changed, and it was not always possible to obtain a sufficient reception gain.

In recent years, in addition to antennas for receiving FM radio broadcast waves and TV broadcast waves, various radio waves such as antennas for receiving AM radio broadcast waves, antennas for keyless entry, and antennas for automobile telephones have been transmitted through the rear window glass. There is an increasing demand for receiving with the glass antenna provided in the area, but the rear window glass is mostly made up of heating wires for anti-fog and the space for actually installing the glass antenna is limited, so the size is small. And high performance antennas are desired.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and is a conventional well-known antenna or the like provided in the upper margin of the heating wire in the left half or right half of the window glass. Even if the antenna is provided in a narrow margin,
An object of the present invention is to provide a glass antenna for a vehicle having a high reception gain with respect to a TV broadcast wave VHF band and a UHF band.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a glass antenna for a vehicle disposed in an upper margin of a heating wire for fogging of a rear window glass for a vehicle. Along with the first antenna to be configured, the length is set in the range of 200 mm to 500 mm in the left half or right half area of the window glass and in the margin of the first antenna.
A main element having a horizontal line as a main component, extends vertically from a part of the main element, and the vertical line has a horizontal linear length of 1 mm.
A horizontally long rectangular element having a range of 50 mm to 300 mm is connected to the glass element side of the rectangular element.
It is characterized by comprising a second antenna that is pulled out from the vicinity and feeds power in the side part, and the main element is one horizontal line, two horizontal lines arranged in parallel. The main element is preferably an E-shaped element partially connected by a vertical line or a U-shaped element formed by connecting the ends of two horizontal lines arranged in parallel with a vertical line. Is preferably disposed below the rectangular element. In addition, diversity reception is performed by the second antenna and the first antenna of the antenna of the present invention , or another antenna, or a plurality of second antennas of the present invention are provided, and the plurality of antennas are used. To the multiple antennas
More preferably , the first antenna or another antenna is added and diversity reception is performed.

[0006]

[Effect] One horizontal line, an E-shaped element in which a part of two parallel horizontal lines are connected by a vertical line, or the ends of two horizontal lines arranged in parallel. Assuming that an element mainly composed of a horizontal line composed of U-shaped elements connected by a vertical line, particularly if its horizontal length is 200 mm to 500 mm, the TV broadcast wave VHF
The antenna acts as a main antenna over a wide range from the UHF band to the TV broadcast wave, and its horizontal length (long side length) is 1
When a horizontally long rectangular element having a range of 50 mm to 300 mm is connected to a horizontal line of a main element via a vertical line, a decrease in reception gain is compensated for as compared with a case where the main element is used alone, and a reception gain over a wide band is provided. And the impedance is further adjusted to improve the reception gain.

Further, by providing a plurality of horizontal or vertical stripes within this range with slightly changed lengths, the resonance frequency is widened and the reception gain can be increased over a wide band. Furthermore, whether to receive diversity with the antenna of the present invention and another antenna, or to provide a plurality of antennas of the present invention for diversity reception,
It is more preferable to provide a plurality of antennas of the present invention and add another antenna to perform diversity reception, since reception can always be performed with an antenna having a high reception gain.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment 1 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing an embodiment 2 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile. FIG. 3 is a front view showing Embodiment 3 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile;
FIG. 4 is a front view showing Embodiments 4 and 5 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1, heating wires 2, 2,... For preventing fogging are provided on the inside of a glass sheet 1 constituting a rear window glass for an automobile.
2, a feed point 2 ₁ connected to a heating wire for anti-fog, a first antenna 3 for AM radio broadcast waves, FM radio broadcast waves, and keyless entry known conventionally, an antenna for receiving FM radio broadcast waves 5, together with the antenna 6 for receiving TV broadcast waves and the antenna 7 for receiving TV broadcast waves, extend vertically from a part of the main element 41 composed of _one horizontal line, of the rectangular element 4 ₂ is connected, the long side screen printing a conductive paste and the second antenna 4 for feeding the lead-out side sections from a part of the short side of the shaped element as a feeding point 4 _3, formed by firing I do. The dimensions of the sheet glass on which the glass antenna for a vehicle thus obtained is mounted are represented by A ₁ =
1130 mm, A ₂ = 1530 mm, B = 750 mm,
a ₁ = 225 mm, a ₂ = 155 mm, b = 200 m
m, c = 40 mm, d = 40 mm, e = 30 mm, f =
When the distance is set to 20 mm, the antenna 4 of the present invention alone is used for 1
TV broadcast wave VHF band low channel (hereinafter abbreviated as TV broadcast wave VHF-L band) in channels 3 to 4;
TV broadcast wave VHF band high channel (hereinafter abbreviated as TV broadcast wave VHF-H band) 4 to 12 channels
The reception gain in the UHF band of the TV broadcast wave from 70 MHz to 770 MHz is measured and expressed as a dipole ratio. The average value is -17.5 dB, -18.3 dB and -16.4 dB, respectively.
The reception gain of the conventional good glass antenna used for practical use is about -average for TV broadcast wave VHF-L band, TV broadcast wave VHF-H band, and TV broadcast wave UHF band. 20 dB, about -20 dB, about -18 dB
Therefore, it is higher than any band, and it is understood that the antenna is a good antenna.

The glass antenna having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is an antenna system which does not require a pole antenna such as a whip antenna. AM antenna broadcast waves are received by the first antenna 3 and FM antennas are received. For the radio broadcast wave, diversity reception is performed by the first antenna 3 and the antenna 5, and the TV broadcast wave VHF band and the TV broadcast wave U are received.
Antenna 6 to the second antenna 4 of the present invention for the HF band, adding an antenna 7 and heater strips 2 as an antenna (feeding from the feeding point 2 _1), which they by that diversity reception, further First antenna 3
Can be used as a keyless entry antenna to automatically open and close doors by radio waves.

Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 2, heating wires 2, 2,..., 2 for defogging including a heating wire 2 'for preventing freezing on a sheet glass having the same dimensions as those of Embodiment 1. When the first antenna 3 from the first embodiment the same strain, with the antenna 8, the main element 4 ₁ of the second antenna in the second embodiment of the present invention is constituted by U-shaped element, a rectangular element 4 ₂ It is composed of two rectangular elements.

The dimensions of each part on which the thus obtained glass antenna for a vehicle is mounted are a ₁ = 230 mm and a ₂
= 210 mm, b = 220 mm, c ₁ = c ₂ = 30 m
When m and g = 10 mm, the TV broadcast wave VHF-L band and the TV broadcast wave VHF-H are used alone by the antenna 4 of the present invention.
The reception gain in the UHF band and the TV broadcast wave UHF band is measured and expressed as a dipole ratio.
The results were 18.5 dB and -16.1 dB, and good results equivalent to or slightly higher than those in Example 1 were obtained.

The glass antenna having the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is a system in which a glass antenna for receiving two TV broadcast waves (VHF band and UHF band) is added to a whip antenna (not shown), another side glass, or the like. AM radio broadcast waves are received by the whip antenna and F
The M radio broadcast wave is diversity-received by the whip antenna and the first antenna 3, and the TV broadcast wave V
For the HF band and the TV broadcast wave UHF band, diversity reception is performed by adding two glass antennas (not shown) to the second antenna 4 of the present invention, and furthermore, the antenna 8 is used as a keyless entry antenna for the door. Opening and closing can be automatically performed by radio waves.

Embodiment 3 As shown in FIG. 3, heating wires 2, 2,..., 2 for fogging prevention are provided on a sheet glass having the same dimensions as in Embodiment 1, and a first antenna of the same system as in Embodiment 1. 3, an antenna 9, the antenna 10, the antenna 11, the main element 4 ₁ of the second antenna in embodiment 3 of the present invention constituted by d-shaped element, the main element 4 ₁ above the rectangular element 4 ₂ It is arranged.

The dimensions of each part on which the glass antenna for a vehicle thus obtained is mounted are defined as a ₁ = 330 mm and a ₂
= 150 mm and b = 300 mm, the antenna 4 of the present invention alone was used to measure the reception gain in the TV broadcast wave VHF-L band, TV broadcast wave VHF-H band, and TV broadcast wave UHF band, and to determine the dipole ratio. , The average value is -1
8.0 dB, -18.1 dB, -17.2 dB,
Almost the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.

The glass antenna having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is a system to which a whip antenna (not shown) is added. For the AM radio broadcast wave, the glass antenna receives the whip antenna, and for the FM radio broadcast wave, Diversity reception is performed by the whip antenna and the first antenna 3, and for the TV broadcast wave VHF band and the TV broadcast wave UHF band, the first antenna 3, the antenna 9, and the antenna 10 are added to the second antenna 4 of the present invention. The antenna 11 can be used as a keyless entry antenna to automatically open and close a door by radio waves.

Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 5 As shown in FIG. 4, a sheet glass having the same dimensions as that of Embodiment 1 is provided with heating lines 2, 2,... Embodiment 4 of the present invention together with the first antenna 3, the antenna 12, the antenna 13, the antenna 14, and the antenna 15
Example is an example in which is disposed a second antenna in the 5, the second antenna 4 Example 4 constituting the main element 4 ₁ by horizontal strips of single, rectangular element 4 ₂
Is composed of two rectangles, and the second antenna 4 ′ in the fifth embodiment is configured such that the main element 4 ₁ ′ is composed of one horizontal line, and the main element 4 ₂ ′ is disposed on a part of the long side of the rectangular element 4 ₂ ′. The vertical filaments from ₁ ′ are connected, and the main element 4 ₁ ′ is arranged above the rectangular element 4 ₂ ′.

The glass antenna for a vehicle thus obtained.
The dimensions of each part on which the tena is mounted₁₁= 180mm, a₁₂
= 120mm, b₁= 300mm, c₁₁= C₁₂= 20m
m and a_{twenty one}= 330mm, a_{twenty two}= 150
mm, b_{twenty one}= 100mm, b _{twenty two}= 190mm, c_Two= 3
0 mm, d = 30 mm, e = 20 mm, f = 30 mm
When the antenna 4 of the fourth embodiment is used alone,
VHF-L band, TV broadcast wave VHF-H band, TV broadcast wave U
When the reception gain in the HF band is measured and expressed as a dipole ratio,
The respective average values are −17.1 dB, −19.2 dB, −
17.3 dB, and the antenna 4 ′
In Germany, TV broadcast wave VHF-L band, TV broadcast wave VHF-H
Band and TV broadcast wave UHF band reception gain
When expressed as a rule ratio, the average values are −18.4 dB and −
17.2 dB and -19.3 dB, both examples
The result almost equivalent to 1 was obtained.

The glass antenna having the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is an antenna system which does not require a pole antenna such as a whip antenna. AM antenna broadcast waves are received by the first antenna 3 and FM antennas are received. For the radio broadcast wave, diversity reception is performed by the first antenna 3 and the antenna 12, and for the TV broadcast wave VHF band and the TV broadcast wave UHF band, the antennas 13 and 12 are connected to the second antennas 4 and 4 'of the present invention. , And an antenna 14 for diversity reception. Further, the antenna 15 can transmit and receive a mobile phone or receive a radio wave from a GPS satellite.

Other Embodiments The preferred embodiments have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various applications are possible.

In the second antenna of the present invention, the main element is one horizontal line, an E-shaped element in which a part of two parallel horizontal lines is connected by a vertical line, or a parallel element. It is preferable that the ends of the two horizontal lines to be provided are constituted by U-shaped elements connected by vertical lines, and the length of the horizontal line of the main element is 200 mm or more.
The range of 500 mm is preferable because the reception gain is high over a wide range, and the rectangular element is formed of a horizontally long rectangle. When the horizontal length is in the range of 150 mm to 300 mm, the drop in the reception gain of the main element is compensated for, and the broadband performance is improved. Is preferred.

It is preferable that the distance between the first antenna and the first antenna is 20 mm or more so that the influence is small. The first element is composed of a vertical line and a horizontal line in addition to the embodiment. If the left half or the right half of the window glass has a margin like that of the embodiment, various antenna patterns can be used. Can be adopted.

The antenna of the present invention can receive TV broadcast waves by itself, but it is also possible to receive diversity by using an antenna different from the antenna of the present invention, or to provide a plurality of antennas of the present invention, It is more preferable to perform diversity reception by using an antenna or adding another antenna to the plurality of antennas.

Although the auxiliary element is not shown in the embodiment, it is not limited to a linear shape, a T-shape, a U-shape, an L-shape, etc. for the purpose of improving directional characteristics, improving reception gain, impedance matching, and the like. Various elements can be added.

Although the power supply is not described in the embodiment, it may be performed by a usual method of connecting a coaxial cable to a power supply point, or by a coaxial cable via an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier and the like provided near the power supply point. Of course, power may be supplied.

Furthermore, when a laminated glass is used for the rear window glass, the glass antenna may be formed by embedding a thin metal wire such as a copper wire in an intermediate film such as polyvinyl butyral.

[0027]

The glass antenna according to the present invention has a very simple structure and can receive high-gain signals over a wide range from the TV broadcast wave VHF band to the UHF band despite its small occupation area. Yes, it is more preferable to perform diversity reception with another antenna such as the first antenna.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment in which a glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a third embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing Embodiments 4 and 5 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 glass sheet 2 defogging heater strips 3 first antenna 4,4 'second antenna 4 _1, 4 _1' main element 4 _2, 4 ₂ 'rectangular element 4 _3, 4 _3' feeding points 5-14 Other antennas

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-218202 (JP, A) JP-A-4-61502 (JP, A) JP-A-4-10801 (JP, A) JP-A-4-210 10802 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) H01Q 1/32

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A glass antenna for a vehicle disposed in an upper margin portion of a heating wire for fogging prevention of a rear window glass for a vehicle, wherein AM radio broadcasting comprising a horizontal line and a vertical line.
Waves, FM radio broadcast waves, the first antenna for keyless entry, a region of the left half or the right half of the window glass, the margin portion of the first antenna, the first A
The distance from the antenna is 20mm or more, and the length is 200m
The main element mainly includes a horizontal line having a range of m to 500 mm, and extends vertically from a part of the main element, and the vertical line has a horizontal linear length in a range of 150 mm to 300 mm.
, And a second antenna that is pulled out from a part of the short side of the rectangular element and feeds power in the side portion is connected to a TV broadcast wave VHF band, UHF
A glass antenna for a vehicle , provided as a band receiving antenna. 2. A glass antenna for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said main element is constituted by one horizontal line. 3. The glass for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the main element is formed by an E-shaped element in which a part of two parallel horizontal lines is connected by a vertical line. antenna. 4. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main element comprises a U-shaped element in which ends of two horizontal lines arranged in parallel are connected by a vertical line. Glass antenna. 5. The glass antenna according to claim 1, wherein the main element is disposed below the rectangular element. 6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
A glass antenna for a vehicle, wherein diversity reception is performed by a second antenna and a first antenna or another antenna. 7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein
A plurality of second antennas are provided, and the first antenna or the first antenna or the plurality of antennas is provided .
Others add another antenna, a glass antenna for a vehicle, characterized in that so as to diversity reception.