JP3526203B2 - Glass antenna for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an AM radio broadcast wave, an FM radio broadcast wave provided on a rear window glass of an automobile,
The present invention relates to a glass antenna for receiving TV broadcast waves and the like, and particularly to a glass antenna suitable for receiving FM radio broadcast waves and AM radio broadcast waves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a glass antenna for a vehicle, an antenna provided on a rear window glass is generally adopted because if it is provided on a front window glass, it interferes with the visibility of a driver or the like. In recent years, numerous applications have been filed for glass antennas for FM radio broadcast waves and antennas for AM radio broadcast waves, and the upper margin of the conductive wire for heating has the widest space in the rear window glass and the site Since it is relatively easy to increase the reception gain at a high level, it has been most practically used and has been filed.

Among them, the one in which the conductive wire is orthogonally connected to the conductive wire for heating and used as an antenna, a part of the antenna provided in the upper margin of the conductive wire for heating is used for this conductive wire for heating. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-424
No. 01 and the like are known, and as an antenna provided with a vertical wire extending outside the heating conductive wire (bus bar),
The applicant of the present invention has also proposed an antenna composed of a linear strip extending shortly and horizontally from the tip of the linear strip extending vertically along the bus bar to the upper margin of the heating conductive strip (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-123803). No.), Japanese Patent Application No. 1-220238 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-85004), and the like.

[0004]

However, the antenna disclosed in the invention of JP-A-56-42401 has an AM in spite of occupying almost the upper margin portion of the conductive wire for heating.
Even if a certain degree of reception gain is obtained for radio broadcast waves, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient reception gain for FM radio broadcast waves.

Further, the antenna disclosed in the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 60-262690 has a small occupying area, but in this case as well, it is high for radio waves over a very wide band from AM radio broadcasting waves to TV broadcasting waves. It was difficult to get a gain.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is an antenna provided in an area smaller than the area of a conventional glass antenna, and particularly, the reception gain for FM radio broadcast waves and AM radio broadcast waves is improved. An object of the present invention is to provide a glass antenna that is made to operate.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a vehicle having a plurality of heating conductive wires and a bus bar connected to the outside of the heating conductive wires. In a vehicle glass antenna provided on a rear window glass of a vehicle, a first vertical line extending vertically from an electric power supply unit provided at a lower corner to the outside of one bus bar and a lower margin of a heating conductive wire line from the electric power supply unit. Or at least a second vertical filament which is connected to the tip of the horizontal filament and which is connected to the tip of the horizontal filament at right angles to connect the heating conductive filament at right angles,
Alternatively, a first vertical line extending vertically from the power feeding portion provided at the upper corner portion to the outside of one of the bus bars and a horizontal line extending horizontally from the power feeding portion to the upper margin portion of the heating conductive wire and the horizontal wire It is characterized in that it comprises at least a second vertical filament which is connected to the tip and is orthogonal to the heating conductive filament and which is connected and extends downward.
Of the conductive wire for heating by capacitively coupling the vertical wire with the bus bar disposed outside the conductive wire for heating, and by connecting the second vertical wire to the conductive wire for heating at right angles. Efficiently picks up radio waves riding on the strips, and further synthesizes the first vertical strip and the second vertical strip by adjusting the phase with the horizontal strip, and at the same time, the horizontal strip and the second vertical strip. In order to increase the reception gain of the antenna itself, the total length of the horizontal line and the second vertical line is set to be approximately the resonance length, so that the reception gain for FM radio broadcast waves and AM radio broadcast waves can be improved by the conventional glass. It goes beyond the level of the antenna and even exceeds the whip antenna.

Further, an auxiliary element connected to the horizontal line or the second vertical line may be added,
Further, an auxiliary element which is not connected to any of the first vertical line, the horizontal line, or the second vertical line and which is connected to the heating conductive line or the bus bar may be added.

Further, it is preferable that the distance between the first vertical line and the bus bar is in the range of 1 mm to 10 mm because each of them is capacitively coupled at high frequencies. In addition, 76MHz ~ 90MH
When receiving the FM radio broadcast wave band of z, the distance between the bus bar and the metal body is 5 mm or more, 88 MHz to 10 MHz.
When receiving the band of 8 MHz, it is preferable to set the distance between the bus bar and the metal body to 10 mm or more, because a receiving gain higher than that of the whip antenna can be obtained.

Further, if a high frequency coil is inserted in the DC circuit connected to the bus bar, an FM radio broadcast wave is received, and if a choke coil is inserted, an AM radio broadcast wave is received to reduce the current leaking to the metal body. It is possible because it is possible.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The antenna wire of the present invention is particularly effective when the distance between the bus bar and the metal body is a predetermined distance or more.

That is, specifically, in the antenna pattern of Example 1 described later, when the distance between the bus bar and the panel flange which is the tip of the metal body is changed, the reception gain for the FM radio broadcast wave is measured. As is clear from this result, when diversity reception is performed by using the other antenna such as a whip antenna as the main and the antenna of the present invention as the sub,
Domestic band of MHz to 90MHz is 88MHz to 108M
Even in the band of North America, Europe, etc. of Hz, it can be sufficiently used if the distance from the metal body is at least about 3 mm.

However, when the antenna of the present invention is used alone or as a main antenna of a diversity antenna, a gain almost equal to that of a whip antenna is required. Therefore, in this case, the distance from the metal body is 76 MHz.
5mm or more in the band of ~ 90MHz, 88MHz ~ 108
If the bus bar is arranged so as to have a width of 10 mm or more in the band of MHz, FM radio broadcast waves can be preferably received.

Further, if the bus bar and the metal body are separated from each other to this extent, it is possible to reduce the ineffective capacitance between the bus bar and the metal body when receiving the AM radio broadcast wave and reduce the leaked radio waves.

It is preferable that the power feeding portion is provided at the lower or upper corner portion, but it may be provided from the center of the glass in consideration of positional restrictions and workability at the time of connection.

Regarding the first vertical filament, it is preferable that the distance between the first vertical filament and the busbar is set in the range of 1 to 10 mm so as to capacitively couple with the busbar disposed on the outer side of the heating conductive filament, because the receiving gain becomes high.

The second vertical filaments may be arranged substantially vertically in the center of the window glass so as to be orthogonal to and connected to the heating conductive filaments, but the horizontal filaments and the second vertical filaments (implementation) When the auxiliary element is added to the second vertical filament as shown in Example 2, the total length of the auxiliary element is also added) and the resonance of the received radio wave is obtained when the wavelength of the received radio wave is λ. The length λ / 4 times nα (n is an integer, but 1
Alternatively, it may be set to 2. α is the wavelength shortening rate, which is about 0.7 when receiving FM radio broadcast waves and about 0.65 when receiving TV broadcast waves), that is, the total length is about 400 mm to 700 mm or 900 m when receiving FM radio broadcast waves.
It may be determined so as to be in the range of m to 1400 mm.

Regarding the auxiliary element, the auxiliary element is not directly connected to the antenna of the main body, but is an auxiliary element connected to the heating conductive wire or the bus bar or a vertical wire extending orthogonally to and connected to the heating conductive wire. Is very effective depending on the vehicle type because it can change the reception frequency band.

That is, the peak of the reception gain can be shifted.

A part of the glass antenna of the present invention, in particular, an auxiliary element or a second element connected to a horizontal filament extending horizontally in the upper margin portion or the lower margin portion of the heating conductive filament.
The auxiliary element connected to the vertical line of the can improve the reception gain or improve the frequency characteristic depending on the vehicle type.

The antenna of the present invention can be used alone, but the antenna of the present invention may be provided on the left and right sides, and other antennas provided on the rear window glass, and further provided on the front window glass. Of course, diversity reception may be performed in combination with an antenna, an antenna provided on a side window glass, a pole antenna such as a whip antenna, or the like.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show Examples 1 to 6 in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.
7 is a front view showing the frequency characteristics of the first and third embodiments, and FIG. 9 is a terminal voltage when the radio wave in the AM radio band is received by the antenna 4 and the whip antenna of the first embodiment. It is a figure shown, and ● represents an antenna 4 and ▲ represents a whip antenna.

Example 1 The interval between the bus bar and the metal body (panel flange) closest to the bus bar was set to 20 mm, and 88 MHz to 108 MHz.
This is an example of tuning to an FM radio broadcast wave of MHz.

As shown in FIG. 1, a sheet glass 1 (upper side length A ₁ = 1100 m) attached to a rear window glass for a vehicle.
m, lower side length A ₂ = 1350 mm, side vertical length B = 5
(20 mm) on the inside surface of the car, conductive wire for heating 2, 2, ...
..Length of 330 mm along with 2, busbars 3 and 3 '
The first vertical line 4 _{1 of} (the distance from the bus bar is 5 mm),
A glass antenna 4 comprising a horizontal filament 4 ₂ having a length of 580 mm (distance between the lowermost conductive filament for heating is 30 mm) and a second vertical filament 4 ₃ having a length of 400 mm is provided at the lower corner portion. It is formed by printing and firing with a conductive paste together with the power feeding unit 5.

[0025] It should be noted that the horizontal strip 4 ₂ of this antenna the second
The total length of the vertical filaments 4 ₃ is 980 mm and is 88M.
It is the resonance length in the FM radio broadcast wave band of North America, Europe, etc. of Hz to 108 MHz.

The plate glass thus obtained was attached to the rear window glass of an automobile, and the bus bars 3 on both sides were
A DC power supply circuit is connected to 3 '. High frequency coil 6,
One is connected to the DC power supply 8 via 6'and the choke coil 7, and the other is grounded.

With the DC circuit connected, the antenna of the present invention allows horizontal polarization of the FM radio broadcast wave band of 76 MHz to 90 MHz and horizontal polarization of the FM radio broadcast wave band in the bands of 88 to 108 MHz in North America, Europe, and the United States. When waves are received and expressed as a gain difference (hereinafter, abbreviated as dipole ratio) when the reception gain of a standard dipole antenna is 0 dB, they are -16.8 dB and -13.3 d on average, respectively.
Since the reception gain of the whip antenna is about -15 dB and about -15 dB on average, it greatly exceeds the reception gain of the whip antenna in the tuned band of 88 MHz to 108 MHz, and it is a very good antenna. Recognize.

Further, the frequency characteristic showing the reception gain for each frequency at that time is as shown in FIG.
It can be seen that a high reception gain can be obtained in the band of 08 MHz.

A of 520 KHz to 1620 KHz
When receiving the radio waves in the M radio band and showing the reception performance by the terminal voltage, it becomes as shown by ● in Fig. 9, and the reception performance of the whip antenna shown by ▲ exceeds the reception performance of all the bands by about 3 dB. It can be seen that it is a very good antenna for broadcast waves.

Example 2 An example in which the distance between the bus bar and the metal body (panel flange) closest to the bus bar was set to 15 mm, auxiliary elements 4 ₄ and 4 ₅ were added, and tuning was performed for FM radio broadcast waves of 76 MHz to 90 MHz. Is.

As shown in FIG. 2, the antenna 4 has a length of 3
30 mm first vertical line 4 ₁ (Gap 5 with bus bar 3
mm), a length horizontal strip 4 ₂ 580 mm, length 35
The second vertical strip 4 ₃ 0 mm, the second vertical strip 4 ₃ connected length consists horizontal strip of 300mm in the auxiliary element 4 _4, vertical strip of connected length busbar 3 '70mm And an auxiliary element 4 ₅ consisting of a horizontal filament with a length of 870 mm.

The glass size and the power supply circuit for heating also have the same configuration as in the first embodiment. With the antenna thus obtained, an F of 76 MHz to 90 MHz is obtained.
Horizontally polarized wave of M radio broadcasting wave band, 88 to 108MHz F
When receiving horizontally polarized waves in the M radio broadcast wave band and expressed by a dipole ratio, the average is -12.7 dB and -16.9, respectively.
The result is dB, which is much higher than that in the band of 76 MHz to 90 MHz.

A of 520 KHz to 1620 KHz
It was confirmed that the reception gain for M radio broadcast waves was almost the same as that of the whip antenna.

Example 3 A glass size whose upper side length (corresponding to A ₁ in FIG. 1) is 950
mm, the side vertical length (corresponding to B in FIG. 1) is 540 mm,
The lower side length (corresponding to A ₂ in FIG. 1) is 1120 mm, the distance between the bus bar and the metal body (panel flange) closest to the bus bar is 25 mm, the auxiliary element 4 ₆ is added, and FM radio broadcasting of 76 MHz to 90 MHz is performed. This is an example of tuning for waves.

As shown in FIG. 3, the antenna 4 has a length of 2
70 mm 1st vertical filament 4 ₁ (Gap 8 with bus bar 3
mm), a length horizontal strip 4 ₂ 420 mm, length 22
Auxiliary element consisting of a horizontal strip with a length of 390 mm, a vertical strip with a length of 390 mm, a vertical strip with a length of 20 mm, and a folded horizontal strip with a length of 100 mm, which are connected and extended from the second vertical strip 4 ₃ of 0 mm and the horizontal strip 4 _2. No. 4 ₆ and the feeding portion 5 is provided in the upper corner portion, and the feeding circuit for heating has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

Further, in this embodiment, the antenna 9 is arranged as a sub-antenna for receiving the FM radio broadcast wave, and the heating wire 2'for preventing wiper freezing is added from the lower end portions of the bus bars 3, 3 '. is there.

The antenna thus obtained receives horizontal polarization of the FM radio broadcast wave band of 76 MHz to 90 MHz and horizontal polarization of the FM radio broadcast wave band of 88 to 108 MHz, and is expressed by a dipole ratio: The average values are -12.2 dB and -16.3 dB, respectively, and the results are significantly higher than those of the whip antenna in the tuned band of 76 MHz to 90 MHz.

The frequency characteristic showing the reception gain for each frequency at that time is as shown in FIG.
It can be seen that a high reception gain is stably obtained for the FM radio broadcast wave in the 0 MHz band.

A of 520 KHz to 1620 KHz
It was confirmed that the reception gain for M radio broadcast waves was almost the same as that of the whip antenna.

Example 4 The glass size is 115 in the upper side length (corresponding to A ₁ in FIG. 1).
0 mm, vertical side length (corresponding to B in FIG. 1) is 780 m
m, the length of the lower side (corresponding to A ₂ in FIG. 1) is 1350 mm, the conductive wire for heating is divided into upper and lower parts, and the power feeding bus bar 3 and 3'on one side and the relay bus bar 3'on the other side. 'Is placed, and the distance between the metal body (panel flange) closest to the bus bar and the bus bar is 20 mm,
Adding auxiliary element _{4 7, 4 8, 4 9} , 76MHz~
This is an example of tuning to an FM radio broadcast wave of 90 MHz.

As shown in FIG. 4, the antenna 4 has a length of 4
50 mm first vertical line 4 ₁ (spacing with bus bar 3 7
mm), the horizontal strips 4 _2, the length of 500mm length 20
A horizontal line with a length of 450 mm and a length of 20 mm that is extended and connected from the second vertical line 4 ₃ of 0 mm and the horizontal line 42
An auxiliary element 4 ₇ consisting of a vertical filament and a folded horizontal filament having a length of 350 mm, an auxiliary element 4 ₈ consisting of a vertical filament having a length of 60 mm and a horizontal filament having a length of 920 mm connected to the bus bar 3. It consists of an auxiliary element 4 ₉ connected to the first vertical line and consisting of a horizontal line with a length of 100 mm.

Further, in this embodiment, an antenna 10 is arranged as a sub-antenna for receiving FM radio broadcast waves in the lower space of the heating conductive wire, and a DC power supply circuit is connected to the power supply bus bars 3 and 3 '. . One is connected to the DC power supply 8 via the high frequency coils 6 and 6'and the choke coil 7, and the other is grounded.

The antenna thus obtained receives horizontal polarized waves in the FM radio broadcasting wave band of 76 MHz to 90 MHz and horizontal polarized waves in the FM radio broadcasting wave band of 88 to 108 MHz, and is expressed by a dipole ratio. The average values are -13.8 dB and -15.9 dB, respectively, and the results exceeding the whip antenna in the tuned band of 76 MHz to 90 MHz were obtained.

In this embodiment, the FM radio broadcast wave can of course be received by the antenna 4 alone, but diversity reception with the sub-antenna 10 is more preferable.

[0045] Example and 5 bus bar, and 15mm spacing closest to the metal body to a bus bar (panel flanges), horizontal strips 4 _2, and the heating conductive filament in the auxiliary element 4 ₁₀ extending upper margin portion horizontally, Adding 4 ₁₁ and 4 ₁₂ to 88 MHz to 10
In this example, the FM radio broadcast wave of 8 MHz is tuned.

As shown in FIG. 5, the antenna 4 is extended from the first vertical line 4 ₁ (3 mm distance from the bus bar 3), the horizontal line 4 ₂ , the second vertical line 4 ₃ and the horizontal line 4 _2. Auxiliary element 4 ₁₀ consisting of a horizontal filament, an auxiliary element 4 ₁₁ consisting of a vertical filament orthogonal to the heating conductive filament 2 and connected and extending, and a vertical wire orthogonal to and connected to the heating filament 2 It is composed of an auxiliary element 4 _{12 in} which a horizontal line extending horizontally in the lower margin of the glass is added to the line.

The antenna thus obtained receives horizontally polarized waves in the FM radio broadcast wave band of 88 MHz to 108 MHz, and expressed in a dipole ratio, the average is -1.
It becomes 3.0 dB, and the tuned 88 MHz to 90
The result obtained was much higher than that of the whip antenna in the MHz band.

Example 6 As shown in FIG. 6, the antennas 4, 4'of the present invention are provided on the left and right
This is an example provided, and the antenna 4 is the first vertical filament 4₁(Ba
2mm distance from the sbar 3), horizontal line 4₂, Second vertical
Line 4₃, Horizontal line 4₂Consists of a horizontal filament extending from
Auxiliary element 4 ₁₃, The second vertical line 4₃Connected to
Auxiliary element 4 consisting of horizontal filaments₁₄Consists of ante
Na 4'is the first vertical line 4₁’(Gap between busbar 3’
2mm), horizontal line 4₂', The second vertical filament 4₃’, Horizontal
Line 4₂’Auxiliary element consisting of horizontal lines extending from
Event 4₁₃', The second vertical filament 4₃’A horizontal line connected to
Auxiliary element 4 consisting of strips₁₄’
It was confirmed that the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.

In the present embodiment, the FM radio broadcast wave can be received by the antenna 4 alone, but diversity reception with the sub-antenna 4'is more preferable.

[0050]

According to the present invention, by skillfully combining two vertical lines and horizontal lines, the reception gain for horizontal polarization in the FM radio broadcast wave band can be made to exceed the reception level of the whip antenna. In addition, the reception gain is improved to the extent that the reception level of the whip antenna exceeds the reception level of the AM radio broadcast wave depending on the model, and the reception of TV broadcast wave is also possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment in which a glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a third embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a fourth embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a fifth embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a sixth embodiment in which the glass antenna of the present invention is provided on a rear window glass for an automobile.

FIG. 7 is a frequency characteristic diagram showing a reception gain with respect to a change in frequency according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a frequency characteristic diagram showing a reception gain with respect to a change in frequency according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

9A and 9B are diagrams showing terminal voltages when the radio waves in the AM radio band are received by the antenna 4 and the whip antenna in the first embodiment, and ● represents the antenna 4 and ▲ represents the whip antenna.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the position of the bus bar of the antenna pattern of the first embodiment, that is, the reception gain when the distance between the bus bar and the metal body is changed.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 plate glass 2 Conductive wire for heating 3, 3 ', 3' 'busbar 4, 4'The present invention antenna 5 power supply 6,6 'high frequency coil 7 choke coil

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-10-276025 (JP, A) JP-A-10-294609 (JP, A) JP-A-56-42401 (JP, A) JP-A-62-123803 (JP , A) JP-A-3-85004 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01Q 1/32

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A glass antenna for a vehicle provided on a rear window glass for a vehicle, wherein a plurality of heating conductive wires and a bus bar connected to the outside of the heating conductive wires are arranged at a lower corner portion. A first vertical line extending vertically from the power supply unit to the outside of one bus bar, a horizontal line extending horizontally from the power supply unit to a lower margin of the heating conductive line, and a heating conductive line connected to the tip of the horizontal line. A glass antenna for a vehicle, comprising at least a second vertical filament which is formed by connecting the filaments at right angles and connecting them. 2. A bus bar from a power feeding portion provided at an upper corner of a vehicle glass antenna provided on a rear window glass for a vehicle in which a plurality of conductive heating wires and a bus bar connected to the outside thereof are arranged. A first vertical wire extending vertically outside the horizontal wire, a horizontal wire extending horizontally from the power feeding portion to an upper margin of the heating wire, and a heating wire connected to the tip of the horizontal wire at right angles. A glass antenna for a vehicle, characterized in that it comprises at least a second vertical filament extending downward. 3. A vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary element connected to the horizontal line or the second vertical line according to claim 1 or 2. Glass antenna. 4. An auxiliary element which is not directly connected to the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and which is connected to a heating conductive wire or a bus bar is added. The glass antenna for vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The distance between the first vertical filament and the bus bar is 1 mm.
The glass antenna for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the glass antenna has a range of 10 mm to 10 mm. 6. The distance between the bus bar and the metal body is 5 mm for receiving FM radio broadcast waves of 76 MHz to 90 MHz.
The glass antenna for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is configured as described above. 7. The distance between the bus bar and the metal body is 10 for receiving FM radio broadcast waves of 88 MHz to 108 MHz.
The glass antenna for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the glass antenna has a thickness of at least mm. 8. A glass antenna for a vehicle, wherein the glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is provided on the left and right sides for diversity reception. 9. The glass antenna for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a direct current power source is connected to the bus bar via a high frequency coil and a choke coil.