JP3475835B2 - Electronic component mounting method - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for mounting an electronic component on a substrate. 2. Description of the Related Art A mounting apparatus for mounting an electronic component on a substrate is provided with a supply section in which a number of parts feeders such as a tape feeder for storing the electronic components are arranged in parallel. The mounting operation of picking up the electronic component by the transfer head and transferring it to the substrate is repeatedly performed. Conventionally, the sequence of this mounting operation is inputted beforehand before starting the mounting operation, and the mounting operation is performed according to this program after the start of the operation. When the mounting operation sequence is determined, in order to improve the mounting efficiency by minimizing the useless movement of the transfer head, the arrangement of the parts feeders accommodating each electronic component is improved. A program is created in such a manner that the most efficient operation order is considered in consideration of the mounting position on the board. However, in the actual mounting operation, the conditions assumed at the time of programming are not always reproduced as they are. For example, if a component runs out of any of the parts feeders during mounting work or if there is any abnormality in the suction nozzle, the mounting order related to the component or suction nozzle cannot be executed, and the operation order is changed. You. That is, even if the sequence is set in consideration of the efficiency of the entire mounting operation, once the operation order is changed due to unpredictable changes in the situation, the subsequent mounting operation is not necessarily optimized. . As described above, in the conventional mounting method of electronic components, it is difficult to improve the mounting efficiency because the mounting operation sequence is not set in consideration of the unpredictable and frequently occurring situation change such as component exhaustion. There was a problem. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a mounting method of an electronic component capable of improving the efficiency of a mounting operation in response to a change in a situation occurring during a mounting operation. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for mounting an electronic component, comprising: a transfer head provided with a plurality of suction nozzles from a plurality of parts feeders arranged side by side in a supply section of the electronic component. a method of mounting an electronic component mounted on the substrate to pick up electronic components, multi provided transfer head
Pickup of electronic components from the supply unit by the number of suction nozzles
One reciprocating operation cycle to transfer and load onto the substrate
When the transfer head has multiple suction nozzles with the shortest
Operation to make all of the
And all the electronic components sucked and held by each suction nozzle
Electronic parts by setting the transfer route and loading order to
The sequence of the mounting operation including the operation for transporting and mounting is determined in real time during the mounting operation. According to the present invention, the mounting operation sequence is determined in real time during the mounting operation, so that an efficient mounting operation corresponding to an unpredictable change in the situation can be performed. Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electronic component mounting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a transfer head of the electronic component mounting apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control system of the electronic component mounting apparatus, FIG. 4 is a flowchart of creating feeder arrangement data of the electronic component mounting apparatus, and FIGS. (B), (c), and (d) are diagrams showing a histogram of the remaining mounting number of the supply unit of the electronic component mounting apparatus, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing processing after the start of the electronic component mounting operation,
7 (a), (b), (c), and (d) are diagrams showing the remaining mounting number histograms in the mounting operation, and FIGS.
(B), (c) is a figure which shows the multiple pattern in the same mounting operation. First, the structure of the electronic component mounting apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, an electronic component mounting apparatus 1 includes:
An electronic component supply unit 2 is provided with a large number of tape feeders 3 as part feeders. The tape feeder 3 picks up the electronic components held on the tape at the pickup position 3.
a. The electronic component supplied to the pickup position 3a is picked up by the suction nozzle of the transfer head 4, is imaged by the camera 5, is recognized in position, and is mounted on the substrate 7 positioned on the transport path 6. Next, the transfer head 4 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2A, the transfer head 4 is horizontally moved by a head moving mechanism (not shown), and the Z-axis motor 1 is moved.
It is moved up and down by the Z-axis table 10 driven to 0a. A box-shaped elevating unit 11 is mounted on the Z-axis table 10, and a nozzle support unit 12 that supports a plurality of suction nozzles 13 is coupled to a lower surface of the elevating unit 11. The suction nozzle 13 is moved up and down by a cylinder 14 via a nozzle rod 15, and the suction nozzle 13 rotates θ rotation by rotating the nozzle rod 15 by a θ-axis motor 16 mechanically connected by a belt, a gear, or the like. Do. FIG. 2B shows a plane arrangement of the suction nozzles 13 mounted on the lower surface of the transfer head 4. In the example shown in the present embodiment, six suction nozzles 13 are provided, and the overall shape of the nozzle arrangement is a regular hexagon having the position of each suction nozzle 13 as an apex. These six suction nozzles 13 are respectively provided with three pairs of combinations C1, C
2, C3. In the combinations C1 and C3, the pitch P between the nozzles matches the arrangement interval p of the tape feeder 3 shown in FIG. Since the suction nozzles 13 are arranged at the vertices of a regular hexagon, the pitch p ′ between the nozzles in the combination C2 is equal to twice the pitch p.
That is, the transfer head 4 has a pitch p which is the basic pitch.
And a combination of suction nozzles arranged at a pitch p 'which is an integral multiple of the pitch p. Therefore, when picking up electronic components from the tape feeder 3 by the transfer head 4, two electronic components can be picked up simultaneously from two adjacent tape feeders 3 by using the combinations C1 and C3. If C2 is used, two electronic components can be simultaneously picked up from two tape feeders 3 arranged one by one. Next, the configuration of a control system of the electronic component mounting apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, a CPU 20 is an overall control unit, and controls operations and processes performed by each unit described below according to various programs stored in a program storage unit 21. The program storage unit 21 stores programs for various operations and processes. The mounting data storage unit 22 stores mounting data such as mounting coordinate data of the board 7 and electronic component type data. The mounting operation sequence storage section 23 stores a mounting operation sequence such as picking up of an electronic component by the transfer head 4 and transfer and mounting on the substrate 7. This mounting operation sequence is determined by the mounting operation sequence calculation unit 28 based on a remaining mounting number histogram described later. The remaining mounting number data storage unit 24 stores the remaining mounting number histogram created and updated based on the mounting data by the remaining mounting number data calculation unit 29 in real time. The mechanism driving unit 25 drives a head moving mechanism 26 that moves the transfer head 4 and a transport conveyor 27 in the transport path 6. This electronic component mounting apparatus is configured as described above, and a method of mounting an electronic component will be described below. First, with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, determination of feeder arrangement data for determining the arrangement of the tape feeders 3 in the supply unit 2 and generation of a remaining mounting number histogram which is a basis for generating a mounting operation sequence will be described. The feeder arrangement data is data for allocating a tape feeder containing electronic components to be mounted to each arrangement position of the supply unit 2, and is closely related to the efficiency of the mounting operation. This is particularly important in a mounting apparatus in which the mounting operation efficiency is improved by simultaneously sucking a plurality of electronic components by a transfer head having a plurality of suction nozzles as in the present embodiment. In the flow shown in FIG.
The number of electronic components mounted on one mounting stage for each type, that is, the number of mounted electronic components is represented by a histogram (ST
1). As a result, a histogram as shown in FIG. 5A is created. The histogram has irregular irregularities as a whole due to variations in the number of mounted electronic components. Next, the types of electronic components are rearranged in this histogram (ST
2). Here, as shown in FIG. 5B, the electronic components with the largest number of mountings are arranged at the center, and the types of the electronic components are arranged in a histogram shape such that the number of mountings decreases toward both sides. Are shown. Here, only the arrangement example in which the center is high is shown as the most general form, but as shown in FIG. 5C, the arrangement example (a) in which the center part is high in this embodiment is shown in FIG. other,
Conversely, an arrangement example in which the center becomes lower (b), or an arrangement example in which the number of mountings sequentially changes from one end to the other end (c) may be adopted. The point is that the arrangement should be such that no unevenness in the number of mountings occurs between adjacent electronic components. Next, electronic components of the same type which are stored in a plurality of tape feeders are determined (ST).
3). The number of mounted electronic components varies greatly depending on the type, and a specific electronic component may be mounted more than others. In such a case, a plurality of tape feeders are prepared for this specific electronic component. This determination is made based on the above-mentioned histogram, that is, since electronic components protruding in the histogram are supplied by using a plurality of tape feeders, the arrangement of these plural tape feeders and the distribution of the number of components are determined. Determine (ST4). The arrangement of the tape feeders and the distribution of the number of components picked up from each tape feeder when a plurality of tape feeders are arranged for the same component will be described. In the histogram shown in FIG. 5B, the component type g protrudes. If it is attempted to realize a histogram in which the component type g is arranged at the center and the number of components is sequentially reduced toward both sides, component types f and h on both sides are obtained.
Since the mounting numbers nf and nh are 10, 9 respectively, it is appropriate to set the mounting number ng to 11. In the example shown here, if the mounting number ng is set to 11, the protruding excessive mounting number nex becomes 13 pieces. Therefore, if it is attempted to realize a histogram in which this excess mounting number nex is stored and the mounting number changes smoothly as described above,
Here, two additional tape feeders are required. That is, in such a case, three tape feeders are allocated to one component type g. A method of distributing the 13 mounted numbers to the other two tape feeders and an insertion position of the tape feeder will be described. This distribution and insertion position is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5E, after the two tape feeders, in which the 13 tapes are distributed, are inserted into the histogram shown in FIG. And the insertion position. That is, ng1 and ng2
And the ratio between ng1 and ng2 is
The distribution and the insertion position are selected so as to substantially match the ratio of the sum of the mounting numbers of the two tape feeders on both sides of each insertion position. In the example shown in FIG. 5B, the component types d and e
Respectively, and the mounting numbers ni and nj of the component types i and j are 6, 4, respectively. Therefore, the tape feeder of the component type g is replaced with the tape feeder of the component type d and e, respectively. And between the tape feeders of the component types i and j, and the number of mounted components may be divided into eight and five for these two tape feeders (ng1 = 8, ng2). = 5). The determination of the allocation number is performed by the following method. That is, the sum of the number of mounted component types d and e is fifteen, and the sum of the number of mounted component types i and j is ten. Therefore, 13 pieces are allocated so as to be closest to the 15:10 ratio, and eight and five pieces of allocation results are obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 5D, the tape feeders of the component type g are inserted into the tape feeder position numbers 5 and 11, and eight and five mounting numbers are allocated to each. Similarly, the number of mounted three tape feeders determined in this manner is also substantially proportional to the total number of mounted component types g as the sum of the mounted numbers of the two tape feeders on both sides of each tape feeder. And distributed. As a result, the component type g becomes the tape feeder position number 5, 8, 1
In the mounting operation, a predetermined number of electronic components determined by the above-described method are picked up from these three tape feeders. In this manner, the arrangement of a plurality of tape feeders accommodating the same type of electronic component is determined,
The horizontal axis position of the histogram with the distribution of the number of mounted
A mounting number histogram is created in correspondence with the tape feeder position number of the tape feeder 3 in the supply unit 2 (S
T5). That is, the height of this implementation number histogram is
It indicates the number of mountings picked up from the tape feeder and mounted, and indicates the frequency of access of the transfer head to the tape feeder during the mounting operation. The mounting number histogram created as described above is constantly updated not only before starting the mounting operation but also during the mounting operation. That is, the number of electronic components already mounted in the mounting operation is subtracted from the histogram each time the transfer head 4 reciprocates between the supply unit 2 and the substrate 7 for each reciprocating operation cycle, and the unmounted components remain at that time. A histogram of the number of mounted packages (remaining mounted number histogram) is always created in real time. Then, as described later, the sequence of the mounting operation is similarly determined in real time based on the remaining mounting number histogram. Next, the process after the start of the mounting operation will be described with reference to FIG. This processing is performed for the purpose of optimizing the mounting operation during the mounting operation based on the above-described remaining mounting number histogram. In the flow of FIG. 6, first, the mounting operation sequence is determined based on the remaining mounting number histogram (ST11). Here, a set of electronic components picked up in one reciprocating operation cycle in a mounting operation of picking up electronic components from the supply unit 2 by the six nozzles 13 provided in the transfer head 4 and transferring and mounting them on the substrate 7. Determine the alignment. This determination made based on the remaining mounted number histogram will be described with reference to FIG. In this determination, three combinations C1, C shown in FIG.
2. An operation sequence for causing all of the suction nozzles 13 constituting C3 to pick up electronic components most efficiently is determined. In other words, all the suction nozzles 13 respectively suck the electronic components, and the suction operation can be performed by three elevating operations, and the combination of the electronic components that can be sucked in the order of C1, C2, and C3 is selected. Ask. If such a combination is required, six electronic components are picked up in one reciprocating operation cycle with the minimum number of elevating operations and the shortest moving distance, and the mounting capability of the transfer head 4 is maximized. An efficient mounting operation to be utilized is realized. First, as shown in FIG.
The electronic component to be picked up is determined by (1). In this case, first, a combination of electronic components (hereinafter, abbreviated as “adjacent adsorbable components”) that are arranged so that they can be adsorbed simultaneously from two adjacent tape feeders is first selected. Here, when there are a plurality of adjacent adsorbable components, the first condition is that the component having the largest number of components is adsorbed preferentially, and when there are a plurality of components that meet the first condition, the first condition is satisfied. As condition 2, priority is given to the one with the larger sum of the mounting numbers of the two tape feeders on both sides thereof. That is, the larger the number of mounted components, the higher the frequency of the transfer head 4 accessing the range, and the higher the probability that a plurality of components can be simultaneously sucked reliably. Next, as shown in FIG.
2 determines the electronic components to be sucked simultaneously. In this case, since the pitch of the suction nozzles 13 is twice as large as the feeder pitch, a combination of electronic components (hereinafter, referred to as “1”) that can be simultaneously sucked from the tape feeders arranged one by one. Abbreviated as "jumpable suckable part"). Here, as the third condition, after the suction operation by the combination C1 shown in FIG. 7A is completed, a one-step jumpable component that the transfer head 4 can reach with the minimum moving distance is selected. . If there are a plurality of components that meet the third condition, the one with the larger number of components to be mounted is selected. Then, as shown in FIG. 7C, the electronic components to be simultaneously sucked by the combination C3 are determined. Here, as the fourth condition, after the suction operation by the combination C2 shown in FIG. 7B is completed, an adjacent suction-enabled component that the transfer head 4 can reach with a minimum moving distance is selected. Also in this case, if there are a plurality of components that meet the fourth condition, the adjacent suctionable component with the larger number of mounted components is selected. Thus, the combinations C1, C2, C
After the electronic components are sucked and picked up by the six suction nozzles 13 constituting No. 3, the remaining mounting number histogram is removed from the remaining mounting number histogram as shown in FIG.
Change to a new shape. In other words, this indicates that the number of mountings is removed by the one reciprocating cycle of the transfer head 4 in the multiple pattern shown in FIG. In addition to this example, FIG.
There are two multi-patterns shown in (c), all of which are patterns in which a plurality of electronic components are sequentially picked up by combinations C1, C2 and C3. In other words, if one of the three patterns shown in FIG. 8 is used to break the peaks appearing in the remaining mounting number histogram, efficient mounting operation for taking out six electronic components in one reciprocating operation is always achieved. You are doing it. Thereafter, a combination of the electronic components determined as described above, that is, a path and a mounting order for transferring and mounting the six electronic components sucked and held by the suction nozzles 13 to the substrate 7 are set. You. The mounting order and the transfer route are set so as to satisfy the condition that the time required for the entire mounting operation is the shortest. Returning again to the flow of FIG. 6, the mounting operation sequence determined by the above method is stored in the mounting operation sequence storage unit 23 (ST12). Then, electronic components are picked up in accordance with this mounting operation sequence (ST13), and then the transfer head 4 is moved onto the substrate 7 to sequentially mount the electronic components (ST14). During the mounting operation, it is always checked whether each tape feeder has run out of components (ST15). Here, it is determined whether or not there is another tape feeder containing the same type of electronic component as the electronic component that has run out of components (ST16). If only one tape feeder is arranged for the same component, it is determined. The part is notified (ST17). If there is another tape feeder containing the same type of electronic component as the component that has run out of components, the remaining number of mounted tape feeders is distributed to other tape feeders (ST18). At this time, if there are a plurality of tape feeders to be distributed, the electronic devices that should have been picked up from the parts feeder in which the parts have been cut out in the same manner as in the example shown in FIG. Distribute the number of parts (remaining mounting number). That is, for each of the other tape feeders, the sum of the remaining mounting numbers of the two adjacent tape feeders is calculated, and the number of mountings is distributed substantially in proportion to the sum of the remaining mounting numbers. Add to
By allocating in such a manner, even when unforeseen component breaks occur, disturbances in the distribution of the remaining number of components can be minimized, and a decrease in mounting efficiency due to component shortage can be minimized. Next, after the distribution of the remaining mounting numbers,
Even in the case where there is no out-of-component at 15, the histogram of the remaining mounted number is updated (ST 19). Then, it is confirmed whether the planned mounting work is completed (ST2).
0), if the mounting is completed, the mounting operation is ended; if not completed, the process returns to ST11, and the next mounting operation sequence is determined based on the updated remaining mounting number histogram. As described above, in the present embodiment,
A sequence of a mounting operation such as a pick-up operation of an electronic component and a transfer mounting operation to a substrate is determined in real time during the mounting operation. This makes it possible to determine the most efficient sequence of the mounting operation under the circumstances at that time, even when an unforeseen situation such as running out of parts occurs. Can be suppressed. According to the present invention, since the sequence of the mounting operation is determined in real time during the mounting operation, an efficient mounting operation can be performed in response to unpredictable changes in the situation. Can be made.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electronic component mounting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) shows a transfer head of the electronic component mounting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Perspective view (b) Arrangement view of suction nozzles of a transfer head of the electronic component mounting apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control system of the electronic component mounting apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of generating feeder arrangement data of the electronic component mounting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating the remaining mounting of the supply unit of the electronic component mounting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a number histogram, and FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating a remaining mounting number histogram of the supply unit of the electronic component mounting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4D shows a histogram of the remaining number of mounted electronic components according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a histogram of the remaining mounting number of the supply unit of the mounting apparatus. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating processing after the start of an electronic component mounting operation according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7B is a diagram illustrating a remaining mounting number histogram in the mounting operation of the embodiment. FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating a remaining mounting number histogram in the mounting operation of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 (d) is a diagram showing a histogram, and FIG. 8 (b) is a diagram showing a remaining mounting number histogram in the mounting operation according to the embodiment of the present invention. b) A diagram showing a multi-patterning pattern in a mounting operation according to an embodiment of the present invention (c) A diagram showing a multi-patterning pattern in a mounting operation according to an embodiment of the present invention [Description of References] 1 Electronic component mounting apparatus 2 Supply 3 tape feeder 4 mounting head 7 substrates 13 suction nozzles

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Nakahara 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kazuma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-59-181100 (JP, A) JP-A-2-100840 (JP) , A) JP-A-10-117098 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H05K 13/00-13/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] An electronic component is picked up by a transfer head provided with a plurality of suction nozzles from a plurality of parts feeders arranged side by side in a supply section of the electronic component and mounted on a substrate. An electronic component mounting method, wherein a plurality of electronic components are mounted on a transfer head.
Pick up electronic components from the supply section by the suction nozzle
One reciprocating operation cycle to transfer
And the transfer head has the shortest
Operation to make all pick up electronic components and
All electronic components sucked and held by each suction nozzle are placed on the board
Set the transfer route and loading order to transfer electronic components
A method of mounting an electronic component, wherein a sequence of a mounting operation including an operation for transferring and mounting is determined in real time during the mounting operation.