JP3469485B2 - Lightweight ceramic tile and method of manufacturing lightweight ceramic tile - Google Patents
Lightweight ceramic tile and method of manufacturing lightweight ceramic tileInfo
- Publication number
- JP3469485B2 JP3469485B2 JP36963698A JP36963698A JP3469485B2 JP 3469485 B2 JP3469485 B2 JP 3469485B2 JP 36963698 A JP36963698 A JP 36963698A JP 36963698 A JP36963698 A JP 36963698A JP 3469485 B2 JP3469485 B2 JP 3469485B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lightweight ceramic
- ceramic tile
- raw material
- lightweight
- mixed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、軽量であるととも
に表面が粗面であり、かつ、不規則な凹凸のあるレンガ
のような外観の軽量陶磁器タイル、およびその製造方法
に関する。The present invention relates is a surface rough as well as a light weight, and a irregular uneven appearance of lightweight ceramic tiles, such as brick, and its process for the preparation of.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】通常の陶磁器タイルは比重が2.3〜
2.6と重いため、壁面などにセメントモルタルなどで
強固に張り付ける必要があって、小面積でも素人が施工
することは困難であり、また、外観も単調であった。Conventional ceramic tiles have a specific gravity of 2.3-
Since it is heavy at 2.6, it is necessary to firmly adhere it to the wall surface with cement mortar, etc., and it is difficult for an amateur to construct even a small area, and the appearance is monotonous.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明が解決しようと
する課題は、軽量であって、素人でも壁面などに容易に
張り付けることができ、また、外観も変化に富んだ軽量
陶磁器タイル、およびその製造方法を提供することであ
る。An object of the present invention is [0005] to be solved is a lightweight, can also be pasted such as to easily wall in the amateur, also, appearance rich in change lightweight
A ceramic tile and a method for manufacturing the same.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段、作用及び効果】このよう
な課題を解決するための手段として、本発明の軽量陶磁
器タイルの製造方法は、陶磁器原料中にその陶磁器原料
の融点付近の温度で発泡する発泡材を混入した主体原料
を金型に入れてその表面をならした後、その表面に粒径
が2mm以下の耐火レンガの破砕物を敷き詰め、乾式プ
レス成形して該破砕物の層を形成した後、主体原料の融
点付近の温度を最高温度とするヒートカーブで焼成する
ことを特徴とする。また、本発明の軽量陶磁器タイル
は、陶磁器原料中に発泡材が混入されてなる主体原料が
金型に入れられその表面がならされた後、その表面に粒
径が2mm以下の耐火レンガの破砕物が敷き詰められ、
乾式プレス成形されて該破砕物の層が形成された後、前
記主体原料の融点付近の温度を最高温度とするヒートカ
ーブで焼成されてなり、その表面が粗面であって、レン
ガのような特殊な美観を呈することを特徴とする。本発
明の軽量陶磁器タイルは、焼成により主体原料が発泡し
て不規則な形状に膨張し、また、表面に耐火レンガの破
砕物が固着するから、表面が粗面となり、レンガのよう
な特殊な美観を呈するとともに、軽量であるから、素人
でもマンションのベランダの内壁面などに容易に張り付
けることができてガーデニングの構成部材として使用す
ることができる。[Means for Solving the Problems, Actions and Effects] As a means for solving such problems, the method for producing a lightweight ceramic tile of the present invention is to foam a ceramic raw material at a temperature near the melting point of the ceramic raw material. Main raw material mixed with foaming material
After putting in the mold and smoothing the surface, the particle size on the surface
Is laid with a crushed product of refractory bricks having a size of 2 mm or less, and a layer of the crushed product is formed by dry press molding, followed by firing with a heat curve having a temperature near the melting point of the main raw material as the maximum temperature. Further, the lightweight ceramic tile of the present invention is mainly composed of a ceramic raw material and a foam material mixed therein.
After it is placed in the mold and the surface is leveled, the particles are
Crushed refractory bricks with a diameter of 2 mm or less are spread,
Before dry pressing to form a layer of the crushed material,
A heat heater whose maximum temperature is near the melting point of the main raw materials.
The surface is rough and
It is characterized by exhibiting a special aesthetic like moth . In the lightweight ceramic tile of the present invention, the main material foams by firing and expands into an irregular shape, and since the crushed material of the refractory brick adheres to the surface, the surface becomes rough and the brick Since it has such a special aesthetic appearance and is lightweight, even an amateur can easily attach it to the inner wall surface of the balcony of the apartment and use it as a component of gardening.
【0005】本発明の軽量陶磁器タイルおよび軽量陶磁
器タイルの製造方法において、前記破砕物が耐火レンガ
の破砕物であることが好ましい。耐火レンガの不良品ま
たは使用済み品などを原料として使用することにより製
造コストを低減することができる。[0005] In the method for manufacturing a lightweight ceramic tiles and lightweight ceramic tiles of the present invention, it is preferable that the crushed material is crushed resistant fire bricks. Manufacturing cost can be reduced by using a defective refractory brick or a used refractory brick as a raw material.
【0006】さらに、破砕物に主体原料と融点がほぼ同
一の陶磁器原料を混入することが好ましく、焼成により
その陶磁器原料が熔融して破砕物を主体に強固に固着す
ることができる。 Further , it is preferable to mix a porcelain raw material having a melting point substantially the same as that of the main raw material into the crushed product, and the porcelain raw material is melted by firing and the crushed product can be firmly fixed to the main body.
【0007】破砕物に混入する陶磁器原料に焼成により
発色する顔料を混入してもよい。施釉しなくても焼成後
のタイルの表面を所望の色にすることができる。[0007] The pigment that develops color by firing ceramic material to be mixed into broken grind may be mixed. The surface of the tile after firing can be made to have a desired color without being glazed.
【0008】さらに、破砕物に混入する陶磁器原料にガ
ラス質の粒子を混入してもよい。焼成後のタイルの表面
に光る点を形成して美観を向上させることができる。 Further , glassy particles may be mixed in the ceramic raw material mixed in the crushed material . It is possible to improve the appearance by forming shiny spots on the surface of the tile after firing.
【0009】また、本発明の軽量陶磁器タイルおよび軽
量陶磁器タイルの製造方法において、乾式プレス成形後
に施釉することが望ましい。従来の磁器タイルの製造ラ
インをそのまま使用して焼成後のタイルの表面を所望の
色にすることができる。 Also, the lightweight ceramic tile and light of the present invention
In the method for producing a quantity ceramic tile, it is desirable to apply glaze after dry press molding . A conventional porcelain tile production line can be used as it is to obtain a desired color on the surface of the tile after firing.
【0010】また、施釉に使用する釉薬が、粉末状態に
おいて顔料を40〜100重量%含むものであることが
望ましく、通常の磁器タイル用の釉薬に比べてガラス質
成分が少ないから、焼成後のタイルの表面が粗面となっ
て、レンガに近い外観となる。 Further, the glaze used for glazing is, the Der Rukoto those containing pigment 40 to 100 wt% in a powder state
Desirably, since the vitreous component is less than that of a normal glaze for porcelain tiles, the surface of the tile after firing becomes a rough surface, and the appearance is similar to that of bricks.
【0011】さらに、釉薬は、粉末状態において顔料を
70〜100重量%含むものであるのが望ましく、焼成
後のタイルの表面がより粗面となって、レンガにより近
い外観となる。 Furthermore, the glaze preferably contains 70 to 100% by weight of the pigment in a powder state, and the tile surface after firing becomes a rougher surface and has an appearance closer to bricks.
【0012】また、本発明の軽量陶磁器タイルおよび軽
量陶磁器タイルの製造方法において、主体原料の融点が
1200〜1250℃であって、発泡材が炭化ケイ素で
あることが好ましい。主体の融点付近で炭化ケイ素が発
泡して軽量タイルが確実に製造できる。Further , the lightweight ceramic tile and light of the present invention
In the method for producing a quantitative ceramic tile, it is preferable that the main raw material has a melting point of 1200 to 1250 ° C. and the foaming material is silicon carbide . Silicon carbide foams near the melting point of the main body, and lightweight tiles can be reliably manufactured.
【0013】さらに、主体原料に酸化カルシュームを混
入することが好ましく、その混入量の調節により主体の
融点を調整して発泡を良好に行わせることができる。 Further , it is preferable to mix calcium oxide into the main raw material, and the melting point of the main body can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of the mixed oxide, so that the foaming can be performed well.
【0014】本発明の軽量陶磁器タイルおよび軽量陶磁
器タイルの製造方法において、主体原料が泥漿をスプレ
ードライヤーで乾燥することによって製造されたものが
好ましく、その泥漿中に発泡材が混入されているから、
発泡材を別途に混入する手間が省ける。 Lightweight Ceramic Tile and Lightweight Ceramic of the Invention
The method of manufacturing a vessel tiles, those mainly material was prepared by drying with a spray dryer to slip
Preferably , since the foam material is mixed in the slurry,
The effort to mix the foam material separately can be saved.
【0015】また、本発明の軽量陶磁器タイルの裏面に
両面粘着テープを張り付けるのが望ましく、素人が極め
て容易に施工することができる。Further , it is desirable to attach a double-sided adhesive tape to the back surface of the lightweight ceramic tile of the present invention, which can be installed by an amateur very easily.
【0016】本発明の軽量陶磁器タイルおよび軽量陶磁
器タイルの製造方法において、主体原料に焼成により表
面とほぼ同色に発色する顔料を混入することが好まし
く、途中で切断して使用する場合に、その切り口の色が
表面とほぼ同色となって施工後の美観が向上する。 Lightweight Ceramic Tile and Lightweight Ceramic of the Invention
In the method of manufacturing container tiles, it is preferable to mix the main material with a pigment that develops almost the same color as the surface by firing.
In addition , when used by cutting in the middle, the color of the cut end becomes almost the same color as the surface, improving the aesthetic appearance after construction.
【0017】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の一実施の形態を説
明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
【0018】まず、通常の磁器タイルの原料に炭化ケイ
素を混入して泥漿状にしたものを熱風中に吹き込んで瞬
間的に乾燥することにより顆粒状にするスプレードライ
ヤーにより主体用の陶磁器原料を得る。First, a ceramic raw material for a main body is obtained by a spray dryer which mixes silicon carbide with a raw material of an ordinary porcelain tile to form a slurry and blows it into hot air to instantaneously dry it to form a granular form. .
【0019】この顆粒状の主体原料としては、丸美陶料
株式会社製の品番C−1451が好適であり、これに
は、発泡材として0.05〜0.20重量%の炭化ケイ
素が混入されているものと推定され、この融点は、炭化
ケイ素の発泡温度とほぼ同一の1200〜1250℃で
ある。As the granular main raw material, the product number C-1451 manufactured by Marumi Ceramics Co., Ltd. is suitable, and 0.05 to 0.20% by weight of silicon carbide is mixed as a foaming material in this. The melting point is 1200 to 1250 ° C., which is almost the same as the foaming temperature of silicon carbide.
【0020】ここで、主体原料の中に、焼成により表面
とほぼ同色に発色する顔料を混入すると、施工時にタイ
ルを切断する必要があった場合に、その切り口が表面と
同色となって美観が向上する。Here, when a pigment that develops in almost the same color as the surface by firing is mixed into the main raw material, when the tile needs to be cut during the construction, the cut end becomes the same color as the surface and the aesthetic appearance is improved. improves.
【0021】また、主体原料に酸化カルシュームを適宜
量混入すると、主体の融点を調整して発泡を良好に行わ
せることができる。Further, when calcium oxide is mixed in an appropriate amount in the main material, the melting point of the main material can be adjusted to favorably perform foaming.
【0022】この主体原料を金型に入れて表面をならし
た後、この主体原料の表面に粒径が2mm以下の耐火レ
ンガの破砕物を敷き詰め、150〜200kg/cm2
の圧力で乾式プレス成形して、主体の上に耐火レンガの
破砕物の層を形成する。After the main raw material is put into a mold and the surface is smoothed, crushed refractory bricks having a particle size of 2 mm or less are spread on the surface of the main raw material, and 150 to 200 kg / cm 2
Dry press molding under pressure to form a layer of crushed refractory brick on the main body.
【0023】この耐火レンガは融点が主体原料より高け
ればその種類は問わないが、シャモットレンガが入手し
やすく、安価である。The refractory brick may be of any type as long as it has a melting point higher than that of the main raw material, but chamotte brick is easily available and inexpensive.
【0024】この破砕物に上記主体原料と融点がほぼ同
一の陶磁器原料をほぼ同量混入しておくと、焼成により
その陶磁器原料が熔融して破砕物を主体に強固に固着す
ることができる。When approximately the same amount of the ceramic raw material having the same melting point as that of the main raw material is mixed in this crushed material, the ceramic raw material is melted by firing and the crushed material can be firmly fixed to the main body.
【0025】この陶磁器原料に焼成により発色する顔料
を混入しておくと、施釉しなくても焼成後のタイルの表
面を所望の色にすることができる。By mixing a pigment that develops color upon firing into this ceramic raw material, the surface of the tile after firing can be made into a desired color without glaze.
【0026】また、この陶磁器原料にガラス質である新
島長石を5〜15重量%混入しておくと、焼成後のタイ
ルの表面に光る点を形成して美観を向上させることがで
きる。If 5 to 15% by weight of vitreous Niijima feldspar is mixed in this ceramic raw material, shining spots can be formed on the surface of the tile after firing to improve the appearance.
【0027】なお、上記乾式プレス成形後に施釉するよ
うにすると、従来の磁器タイルの製造ラインをそのまま
使用して焼成後のタイルの表面を所望の色にすることが
できるする。If the above-mentioned dry press molding is followed by glaze, the surface of the fired tile can be made to have a desired color by using the conventional porcelain tile production line as it is.
【0028】次に、主体原料の融点である1200〜1
250℃を最高温度とするヒートカーブで焼成すると、
主体原料が発泡して不規則な形状に膨張し、また、表面
に融点の高い陶磁器の破砕物が固着するから、表面が粗
面となり、レンガのような特殊な美観を呈するととも
に、比重が0.8〜1.0の軽量で施工が容易なタイル
が得られる。Next, the melting point of the main raw material is 1200 to 1
When firing in a heat curve with a maximum temperature of 250 ° C,
The main material foams and expands into an irregular shape, and crushed ceramics with a high melting point adheres to the surface, so the surface becomes rough and has a special aesthetics like bricks and a specific gravity of 0. A tile that is as light as 8 to 1.0 and easy to apply can be obtained.
【0029】なお、施釉用の釉薬として、顔料分が多
く、ガラス質成分が少ないものを多量の水で薄めて使用
すると、焼成後のタイルの表面の粗面が保たれて外観が
レンガ状のままとなる。As a glaze for glazing, if a pigment having a large amount of pigment and a small amount of glassy component is diluted with a large amount of water and used, the rough surface of the tile surface after firing is kept and the appearance is brick-like. Will remain.
【0030】このタイルの裏面に、両面粘着テープを張
り付けておくと、素人でも容易に施工することができ
る。By sticking a double-sided adhesive tape on the back surface of this tile, even an amateur can easily apply it.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C04B 38/00 - 38/10 C04B 41/80 - 41/91 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C04B 38/00-38/10 C04B 41/80-41/91
Claims (24)
の温度で発泡する発泡材を混入した主体原料を金型に入
れてその表面をならした後、その表面に粒径が2mm以
下の耐火レンガの破砕物を敷き詰め、乾式プレス成形し
て該破砕物の層を形成した後、前記主体原料の融点付近
の温度を最高温度とするヒートカーブで焼成することを
特徴とする軽量陶磁器タイルの製造方法。1. A entering the principal raw material mixed with foam to foam in the ceramic material at a temperature near the melting point of the ceramic material into the mold
After smoothing the surface, the particle size is 2 mm or more on the surface.
The crushed material of the refractory brick below is spread and dry-pressed.
After forming the layer of the crushed Te method of lightweight ceramic tile and firing a heat curve for the temperature near the melting point of the metallic material between the maximum temperature.
同一の陶磁器原料を混入する請求項1記載の軽量陶磁器
タイルの製造方法。2. A method for producing a lightweight ceramic tiles according to claim 1, wherein the metallic material and the melting point to the crushed material is mixed with approximately the same ceramic material.
により発色する顔料を混入する請求項2記載の軽量陶磁
器タイルの製造方法。3. The method for manufacturing a lightweight ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein a pigment that is colored by firing is mixed into the ceramic raw material mixed into the crushed material.
ス質の粒子を混入する請求項2または3記載の軽量陶磁
器タイルの製造方法。4. The method for manufacturing a lightweight ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein vitreous particles are mixed in the ceramic raw material mixed in the crushed material.
1〜4のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイルの製造方
法。5. The process for producing a lightweight ceramic tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, glazed after the dry press molding.
おいて顔料を40〜100重量%含むものである請求項
5記載の軽量陶磁器タイルの製造方法。 6. The glaze used for the glaze contains 40 to 100% by weight of a pigment in a powder state.
5. The method for manufacturing a lightweight ceramic tile according to 5 .
0〜100重量%含む請求項6記載の軽量陶磁器タイル
の製造方法。7. The glaze comprises a pigment 7 in powder form.
The method for manufacturing a lightweight ceramic tile according to claim 6, which contains 0 to 100% by weight.
0℃であって、前記発泡材が炭化ケイ素である請求項1
〜7のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイルの製造方法。8. The melting point of the main raw material is 1200 to 125.
The temperature is 0 ° C., and the foam material is silicon carbide.
The manufacturing method of the lightweight ceramic tile as described in any one of to 7 .
する請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイル
の製造方法。9. The method of lightweight ceramic tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 8 mixed oxide Improvement of a Saline to the principal raw material.
ヤーで乾燥することによって製造されたものであって、
前記泥漿中に前記発泡材が混入されている請求項1〜9
のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイルの製造方法。10. The main material is produced by drying slurry with a spray dryer,
Claim wherein the foam is mixed into the mud PLASMA 1-9
A method for manufacturing a lightweight ceramic tile according to any one of 1.
プを張り付ける請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の軽量
陶磁器タイルの製造方法。11. The method for producing lightweight ceramic tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 10, pasted double-sided adhesive tape on the back surface of the fired tiles.
同色に発色する顔料を混入する請求項1〜11のいずれ
かに記載の軽量陶磁器タイルの製造方法。12. The method of manufacturing a lightweight ceramic tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for pigmenting coloring in substantially the same color as the surface by baking in the metallic material.
る主体原料が金型に入れられその表面がならされた後、
その表面に粒径が2mm以下の耐火レンガの破砕物が敷
き詰められ、乾式プレス成形されて該破砕物の層が形成
された後、前記主体原料の融点付近の温度を最高温度と
するヒートカーブで焼成されてなり、 その表面が粗面であって、レンガのような特殊な美観を
呈する ことを特徴とする軽量陶磁器タイル。13. A foam material is not mixed in a ceramic raw material.
After the main raw material is put into the mold and the surface is smoothed,
Crushed refractory bricks with a particle size of 2 mm or less are laid on the surface
Packed and dry pressed to form a layer of the crushed material
After that, the temperature near the melting point of the main raw material is set as the maximum temperature.
It is baked in a heat curve that has a rough surface, giving it a special aesthetic look like bricks.
A lightweight ceramic tile that is characterized by exhibiting .
ぼ同一の陶磁器原料を混入したものである請求項13記
載の軽量陶磁器タイル。14. The lightweight ceramic tile according to claim 13, wherein the crushed material is a mixture of a ceramic raw material having a melting point substantially the same as that of the main raw material.
成により発色する顔料を混入したものである請求項14
記載の軽量陶磁器タイル。15. The method of claim 14 ceramic raw material is obtained by mixing a pigment that develops color by firing mixed in the crushed material
Lightweight ceramic tile as described.
ラス質の粒子を混入したものである請求項14または1
5記載の軽量陶磁器タイル。16. ceramic material to be mixed into the crushed material is obtained by mixing the particles of vitreous claim 14 or 1
Lightweight ceramic tile as described in 5 .
である請求項13〜16のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器The lightweight ceramics according to any one of claims 13 to 16.
タイル。tile.
において顔料を40〜100重量%含むものである請求In the range of 40 to 100% by weight of pigment.
項17記載の軽量陶磁器タイル。Item 17. A lightweight ceramic tile according to item 17.
70〜100重量%含むものである請求項18記載の軽19. The light according to claim 18, which contains 70 to 100% by weight.
量陶磁器タイル。Quantity ceramic tile.
50℃であって、前記発泡材が炭化ケイ素である請求項
13〜19のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイル。20. The melting point of the main raw material is 1200 to 12
The temperature is 50 ° C., and the foam material is silicon carbide.
The lightweight ceramic tile according to any one of 13 to 19 .
入したものである請求項13〜20のいずれかに記載の
軽量陶磁器タイル。21. The lightweight ceramic tile according to claim 13 , wherein the main raw material is a mixture of calcium oxide.
ヤーで乾燥することによって製造されたものであって、
前記泥漿中に前記発泡材が混入したものである請求項1
3〜21のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイル。22. The main material is produced by drying slurry with a spray dryer,
Claim 1 to the mud PLASMA the one in which foam is mixed
The lightweight ceramic tile according to any one of 3 to 21 .
着テープを張り付けたものである請求項13〜22のい
ずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイル。23. lightweight ceramic tiles according to any one of the claims 13 to 22 on the back surface of the lightweight ceramic tiles in which pasted double-sided adhesive tape.
同色に発色する顔料を混入したものである請求項13〜
23のいずれかに記載の軽量陶磁器タイル。24. The main raw material is a mixture of pigments which develop a color almost the same as that of the surface by firing .
23. The lightweight ceramic tile according to any one of 23 .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP36963698A JP3469485B2 (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Lightweight ceramic tile and method of manufacturing lightweight ceramic tile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP36963698A JP3469485B2 (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Lightweight ceramic tile and method of manufacturing lightweight ceramic tile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2000191381A JP2000191381A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
JP3469485B2 true JP3469485B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 |
Family
ID=18494940
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP36963698A Expired - Fee Related JP3469485B2 (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Lightweight ceramic tile and method of manufacturing lightweight ceramic tile |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JP3469485B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007097537A (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-19 | Tamagawa Yogyo Kk | Tile for planting |
CN102718549B (en) * | 2012-06-30 | 2014-07-09 | 重庆歌德陶瓷玛赛克制造有限公司 | Ceramic light insulation decorative exterior wall tile and productive process |
JP6199325B2 (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2017-09-20 | 裕光 幅口 | Foamed fired body and method for producing the same |
-
1998
- 1998-12-25 JP JP36963698A patent/JP3469485B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000191381A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
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