JP3452140B1 - Water electrolysis device - Google Patents
Water electrolysis deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3452140B1 JP3452140B1 JP2003001862A JP2003001862A JP3452140B1 JP 3452140 B1 JP3452140 B1 JP 3452140B1 JP 2003001862 A JP2003001862 A JP 2003001862A JP 2003001862 A JP2003001862 A JP 2003001862A JP 3452140 B1 JP3452140 B1 JP 3452140B1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- ion exchange
- exchange membrane
- cathode
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
【要約】
【課題】 水電解装置に関するものであって、気液分離
タンクが不要で、無重力下でも、高純度の酸素と水素
を、液体の水と混じらないように取り出すことができる
水電解装置を提供すること。
【解決手段】 （ア）水流入手段を有する隔室Ａ、
（イ）フッ素樹脂系イオン交換膜、（ウ）水素排出手段
を有し、かつ、スポンジ状陰極を充填した隔室Ｂ、
（エ）白金、イリジウム、ロジウム又はイリジウム−ロ
ジウム合金をメッキしたフッ素樹脂系イオン交換膜、
（オ）多孔質チタンに白金メッキした陽極、（カ）酸素
排出手段を有する隔室Ｃの順にサンドイッチした電解槽
を有する。Kind Code: A1 The present invention relates to a water electrolysis apparatus, which does not require a gas-liquid separation tank, and can extract high-purity oxygen and hydrogen without mixing with liquid water even under zero gravity. To provide. SOLUTION: (A) A compartment A having a water inflow means,
(A) a fluororesin-based ion exchange membrane, (c) a compartment B having a hydrogen discharging means and filled with a sponge-shaped cathode,
(D) platinum, iridium, rhodium or iridium-rhodium alloy plated fluororesin-based ion exchange membrane,
(E) An electrolytic cell sandwiched in the order of an anode formed by plating platinum on porous titanium and (F) a compartment C having an oxygen discharging means.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、重力の有無に関係
なく、水を電気分解して酸素と水素を取り出す水電解装
置に関する。より詳細には、航空機内で酸素を供給した
り、燃料電池にエネルギー源として酸素・水素を供給し
たり、宇宙空間や宇宙船で生命を維持するための酸素や
燃料としての水素を供給したり、或いは宝飾加工の酸素
バーナーに酸素を供給したりすることに利用可能な水電
解装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water electrolysis device that electrolyzes water to extract oxygen and hydrogen regardless of the presence or absence of gravity. More specifically, it supplies oxygen in aircraft, supplies oxygen and hydrogen to fuel cells as energy sources, and supplies oxygen and hydrogen as fuel to maintain life in space and spacecraft. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a water electrolysis device that can be used to supply oxygen to an oxygen burner for jewelry processing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の水電解装置においては、液体の水
や電解質溶液を陰極及び陽極に接触させて電解すること
により、酸素又は水素を得ていた（例えば、特許文献１
参照）。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional water electrolysis apparatus, oxygen or hydrogen is obtained by bringing liquid water or an electrolyte solution into contact with a cathode and an anode for electrolysis (for example, Patent Document 1).
reference).
【０００３】[0003]
【特許文献１】特開平９−６７６８９号公報（図１）[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-67689 (FIG. 1)
【０００４】従来、搭載した水から、酸素と水素を８：
１の質量比で発生させる電解槽を備えた宇宙船が知られ
ている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。また、燃料電池と
組み合わせた閉鎖居住空間システムが知られている（例
えば、特許文献３参照）。Conventionally, oxygen and hydrogen are supplied from the loaded water to 8:
A spacecraft provided with an electrolytic cell that is generated at a mass ratio of 1 is known (for example, see Patent Document 2). Further, a closed living space system combined with a fuel cell is known (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
【０００５】[0005]
【特許文献２】特開平６−８８９３号公報（０００６段
落）[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-8893 (paragraph 0006)
【特許文献３】特開平５−２６２３００号公報（００２
０段落）[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-262300 (002)
(0 paragraph)
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の水電解
装置は、電極に電解液である水を接触させて電解する
と、それぞれの電極から泡となって酸素及び水素が発生
するために気体と液体を分離するための気液分離タンク
が必要であるという問題があった。特に、無重力状態で
は液体の中にガスが泡となってとどまり、分離すること
ができないという問題があった。However, in the conventional water electrolysis apparatus, when water, which is an electrolytic solution, is brought into contact with the electrodes for electrolysis, bubbles are generated from the respective electrodes to generate oxygen and hydrogen, so that a gas is generated. There is a problem that a gas-liquid separation tank for separating the liquid is required. In particular, in the zero-gravity state, there is a problem that gas remains as bubbles in the liquid and cannot be separated.
【０００７】また、電解質となるイオン交換膜の電気抵
抗を常に低く保つためには、不純物のない高純度の水を
必要とするという問題があった。Further, there is a problem that high-purity water containing no impurities is required in order to keep the electric resistance of the ion-exchange membrane as an electrolyte always low.
【０００８】さらに、陽極で発生したＨ＋イオンは水と
共に陰極に移動し、その水を回収して陽極に戻すため、
水循環回路が複雑になるという問題があった。Further, H + ions generated at the anode move to the cathode together with water, and the water is recovered and returned to the anode.
There was a problem that the water circulation circuit became complicated.
【０００９】本発明は、かかる問題を鑑みてなされたも
のであり、したがって、本発明の目的は、気液分離タン
クが不要で、無重力下でも、高純度の酸素と水素を、液
体の水と混じらないように取り出すことができる水電解
装置を提供することにある。本発明者らは、上記の目的
を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、試行錯誤の
上、本発明を完成するに至った。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for a gas-liquid separation tank and to convert highly pure oxygen and hydrogen into liquid water even under zero gravity. It is to provide a water electrolysis device that can be taken out without being mixed. The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, completed the present invention through trial and error.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の水電解装置は、水蒸気透過性を有する陰極
をイオン交換膜に挟みこみ、一方のイオン交換膜の外側
に水相を配し、他方のイオン交換膜の外側には陽極を配
した電解槽で、被電解水が、前記一方のイオン交換膜を
両面の蒸気圧差により水蒸気として通過して陰極と接触
し、陰極内を通過して前記他方のイオン交換膜に達し、
両電極へ電圧を印加し、電解され、前記他方のイオン交
換膜内をプロトンが陽極側から陰極側に移動して、陰極
表面に水素が発生し、陽極表面に酸素が発生することに
より、発生した酸素と水素に水を混入させないものであ
る。In order to achieve the above object, the water electrolysis apparatus of the present invention has a cathode having water vapor permeability sandwiched between ion exchange membranes, and an aqueous phase is formed outside one of the ion exchange membranes. In the electrolytic cell with the anode disposed outside the other ion-exchange membrane, the electrolyzed water passes through the one ion-exchange membrane as water vapor due to the vapor pressure difference between the two surfaces and comes into contact with the cathode. To reach the other ion exchange membrane,
By applying voltage to both electrodes and electrolyzing, protons move from the anode side to the cathode side in the other ion exchange membrane, hydrogen is generated on the cathode surface, and oxygen is generated on the anode surface. It does not mix water with oxygen and hydrogen.
【００１１】本発明の水電解装置は、（ア）水流入手段
を有する隔室Ａ、（イ）フッ素樹脂系イオン交換膜、
（ウ）水素排出手段を有し、かつ、スポンジ状陰極を充
填した隔室Ｂ、（エ）白金、イリジウム、ロジウム又は
イリジウム−ロジウム合金をメッキしたフッ素樹脂系イ
オン交換膜、（オ）多孔質チタンに白金メッキした陽
極、（カ）酸素排出手段を有する隔室Ｃの順にサンドイ
ッチした電解槽を有するものである。The water electrolysis apparatus of the present invention comprises (a) a compartment A having water inflow means, (b) a fluororesin ion exchange membrane,
(C) Chamber B having hydrogen discharging means and filled with a sponge-like cathode, (D) Platinum, iridium, rhodium or iridium-rhodium alloy plated fluororesin ion exchange membrane, (E) Porous It has an electrolytic cell in which an anode made by plating platinum on titanium and a compartment C having (f) oxygen discharging means are sandwiched in this order.
【００１２】本発明では、電解対象である水と電極がフ
ッ素樹脂系イオン交換膜で仕切られ、電極に直接液体が
接触することなく、水分がイオン交換膜を水蒸気圧の高
い方から低い電極側に水蒸気として移動して電解され
る。In the present invention, the water to be electrolyzed and the electrode are partitioned by the fluororesin ion exchange membrane, and the liquid does not come into direct contact with the electrode, and the moisture is passed through the ion exchange membrane from the side having a higher vapor pressure to the side having a lower vapor pressure. To be electrolyzed by moving as steam.
【００１３】本発明の水電解装置は、好ましくは、さら
に、温度調節手段、水供給手段及び水回収手段を有する
水タンクを附設する。The water electrolysis apparatus of the present invention preferably further comprises a water tank having a temperature adjusting means, a water supply means and a water recovery means.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について、図面を参照
して詳細に説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
【００１５】図１は、従来の酸素・水素発生装置の構成
図である。図１に代表的に示したように、従来の水電解
装置（１）においては、その電解槽（１１）は、イオン
交換膜（４）の両端に陰極（６）及び陽極（８）を配
し、それぞれの電極の外側にカソード室、アノード室を
設けてあり、アノード室には水が満たしてあり、水が陽
極（８）に接している。電解槽（１１）には、カソード
室、アノード室の外側に気液分離タンク（１６）がそれ
ぞれ附設されており、気液分離タンク（１６）内で、水
が重力により下方に集まり、気体である水素と酸素が上
方に流れて、それぞれ排出口から取り出す構成となって
いる。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional oxygen / hydrogen generator. As shown representatively in FIG. 1, in the conventional water electrolysis apparatus (1), the electrolytic cell (11) has a cathode (6) and an anode (8) at both ends of an ion exchange membrane (4). A cathode chamber and an anode chamber are provided outside each electrode, and the anode chamber is filled with water, and the water is in contact with the anode (8). The electrolytic cell (11) is provided with a gas-liquid separation tank (16) outside the cathode chamber and the anode chamber, respectively. In the gas-liquid separation tank (16), water gathers downward due to gravity and becomes a gas. Certain hydrogen and oxygen flow upward and are taken out from the respective outlets.
【００１６】図２は、本発明の実施例１の構成図であ
る。本発明の実施例１においては、水電解装置（１）
は、隔室Ａ（３）、イオン交換膜（４ａ）、隔室Ｂ
（７）、イオン交換膜（４ｂ）、陽極（８）、隔室Ｃ
（１０）の順にサンドイッチした電解槽（１１）から構
成される。気液分離タンクは設けない。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention. In Example 1 of the present invention, a water electrolysis device (1)
Is compartment A (3), ion exchange membrane (4a), compartment B
(7), ion exchange membrane (4b), anode (8), compartment C
It is composed of an electrolytic cell (11) sandwiched in the order of (10). No gas-liquid separation tank is provided.
【００１７】隔室Ａ（３）には、水流入口（２）が設け
てある。隔室Ｂ（７）には、水素排出口（５）が設けて
あり、かつ、スポンジ状の陰極（６）を充填してある。
隔室Ｃ（１０）には、酸素排出口（９）が設けてある。
隔室Ｃ（１０）には、陽極（８）とイオン交換膜（４
ｂ）の接触性向上のために、スポンジ状のＮｉ−Ｃｒ合
金が充填してある。The compartment A (3) is provided with a water inlet (2). The compartment B (7) is provided with a hydrogen outlet (5) and is filled with a sponge-like cathode (6).
The compartment C (10) is provided with an oxygen outlet (9).
In the compartment C (10), the anode (8) and the ion exchange membrane (4
A sponge-like Ni—Cr alloy is filled in order to improve the contact property of b).
【００１８】図２に示した本発明の実施例１において
は、陽極（８）には、多孔質チタンに白金をメッキした
電極を用いた。陰極（６）には、白金をメッキした、ス
ポンジ状の、ニッケル・クロム合金の多孔質電極を用い
た。In Example 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2, an electrode obtained by plating porous titanium with platinum was used as the anode (8). For the cathode (6), a sponge-like porous electrode of nickel-chromium alloy plated with platinum was used.
【００１９】本発明の実施例１においては、イオン交換
膜（４）として、触媒を担持させたフッ素樹脂系のイオ
ン交換膜（例えば、デュポン社製のフッ素化ポリオレフ
ィンのスルホン化合物であるＮＡＦＩＯＮ（Ｒ））を用
いた。より具体的には、フッ素樹脂系のイオン交換膜
に、触媒の白金を４〜５ｍｇ／ｃｍ２担持させた。その
有効膜面積は、約２００ｃｍ２である。本発明の実施例
１においては、フッ素樹脂系のイオン交換膜として、Ｎ
ＡＦＩＯＮ（Ｒ） １１７（デュポン社製）を用いた。
イオン交換膜にメッキする金属は、白金以外に、イリジ
ウム、ロジウム又はイリジウム−ロジウム合金が適す
る。In Example 1 of the present invention, as the ion exchange membrane (4), a fluororesin-based ion exchange membrane supporting a catalyst (for example, NAFION (R, which is a sulfone compound of fluorinated polyolefin manufactured by DuPont) is used. )) Was used. More specifically, platinum as a catalyst was supported on a fluororesin-based ion exchange membrane in an amount of 4 to 5 mg / cm 2 . Its effective membrane area is about 200 cm 2 . In Example 1 of the present invention, as the fluororesin-based ion exchange membrane, N
AFION (R) 117 (manufactured by DuPont) was used.
In addition to platinum, iridium, rhodium, or an iridium-rhodium alloy is suitable as the metal to be plated on the ion exchange membrane.
【００２０】本発明に実施例１においては、隔室Ａ
（３）に供給された液体の水は、イオン交換膜（４ａ）
でブロックされる。本発明に用いるイオン交換膜（４
ａ）は液体を通過させず、気体のみ通過させるものであ
る。したがって、水は、イオン交換膜（４ａ）を飽和水
蒸気として通過し、さらに、スポンジ状の陰極（６）を
通過して移動する。すなわち、イオン交換膜（４）が水
蒸気のみを蒸気圧の高い方から低い方に移動させる性質
を利用し、気体のＨ２Ｏをイオン交換膜（４）を隔てた
陰極側に供給して電気分解を起こさせて水素と酸素を取
り出す。In the first embodiment of the present invention, the compartment A
The liquid water supplied to (3) is the ion exchange membrane (4a).
Blocked by. The ion exchange membrane used in the present invention (4
In a), liquid is not passed, but only gas is passed. Therefore, water passes through the ion exchange membrane (4a) as saturated water vapor, and further passes through the sponge-like cathode (6) to move. That is, by utilizing the property that the ion exchange membrane (4) moves only water vapor from the higher vapor pressure to the lower vapor pressure, gaseous H 2 O is supplied to the cathode side across the ion exchange membrane (4) to generate electricity. Hydrogen and oxygen are taken out by causing decomposition.
【００２１】本発明の実施例１においては、電解対象で
ある水と電極がフッ素樹脂系イオン交換膜で仕切られ、
電極に直接液体が接触することがない。本発明の実施例
１においては、水分が、イオン交換膜を、水蒸気圧の高
い方から低い電極側に水蒸気として移動し、その水蒸気
が触媒を担持したもう一方のイオン交換膜に吸水され、
両電極への電圧の印加によって電解される。したがっ
て、本発明の実施例１においては、液体状態の水が、発
生気体である酸素や水素に混入することがない。In Example 1 of the present invention, the water to be electrolyzed and the electrode are separated by a fluororesin ion exchange membrane,
Liquid does not come into direct contact with the electrodes. In Example 1 of the present invention, water moves through the ion exchange membrane from the side having a higher water vapor pressure to the electrode side having a lower water vapor pressure, and the water vapor is absorbed by the other ion exchange membrane carrying the catalyst,
It is electrolyzed by applying a voltage to both electrodes. Therefore, in the first embodiment of the present invention, liquid water is not mixed with oxygen or hydrogen that is the generated gas.
【００２２】また、本発明の実施例１においては、水を
陽極側から供給せず、またイオン交換膜が液体の水を透
過するということがないので、従来の水電解装置では必
要であった、陽極から水素イオンと共に移動する液体の
水の処理が不要である。また、従来の水電解装置では必
要であった、気体である水素・酸素と液体状態の水を分
離させるための装置も不要である。Further, in Example 1 of the present invention, water was not supplied from the anode side, and the ion exchange membrane did not permeate liquid water, which was necessary in the conventional water electrolysis apparatus. , Treatment of liquid water that moves with hydrogen ions from the anode is unnecessary. Moreover, the device for separating hydrogen / oxygen which is a gas and water in a liquid state, which is required in the conventional water electrolysis device, is not required.
【００２３】本発明の実施例１は、水蒸気透過性を有す
る陰極をイオン交換膜に挟みこみ、一方のイオン交換膜
の外側に水相を配し、他方のイオン交換膜の外側には陽
極を配した電解槽で、被電解水が、前記一方のイオン交
換膜の両面の蒸気圧差により水蒸気として通過して陰極
と接触し、陰極内を通過して前記他方のイオン交換膜に
達し、両電極への電圧の印加で、水蒸気として電解さ
れ、前記他方のイオン交換膜内をプロトンが陽極側から
陰極側に移動して、陰極表面に水素が発生し、陽極表面
に酸素が発生することにより、発生した酸素と水素に水
を混入させない構成となっている。In Example 1 of the present invention, a water vapor permeable cathode was sandwiched between ion exchange membranes, an aqueous phase was placed outside one ion exchange membrane, and an anode was placed outside the other ion exchange membrane. In the placed electrolyzer, the water to be electrolyzed passes as water vapor due to the vapor pressure difference between both sides of the one ion exchange membrane and contacts the cathode, passes through the cathode and reaches the other ion exchange membrane, and both electrodes By applying a voltage to, electrolysis as water vapor, the protons in the other ion-exchange membrane moves from the anode side to the cathode side, hydrogen is generated on the cathode surface, oxygen is generated on the anode surface, It has a structure that does not mix water with the generated oxygen and hydrogen.
【００２４】従来は、陽極側に水を満たしていたため、
陽極と陰極の間に挟んだイオン交換膜内をプロトンが陽
極側から陰極側に移動するとともに、膨潤したイオン交
換膜の陽極側表面にある水が、水分の少ない陰極側表面
に一緒に移動してしまい、陰極側にも水が溜まり、した
がって、陽極から発生した酸素も、陰極から発生した水
素も、液体である水の中に気泡として混入していた。水
は、電圧を印加しないときは移動しない。Conventionally, since the anode side was filled with water,
In the ion exchange membrane sandwiched between the anode and the cathode, protons move from the anode side to the cathode side, and the water on the anode side surface of the swollen ion exchange membrane moves together to the cathode side surface with little water content. Water was also accumulated on the cathode side, so that oxygen generated from the anode and hydrogen generated from the cathode were mixed as bubbles in the liquid water. Water does not move when no voltage is applied.
【００２５】一方、本発明においては、水は陰極側にあ
り、しかも、陰極との間はイオン交換膜で遮断されてい
る。しかも、電極に電圧を印加しても、水と陰極の間の
イオン交換膜内のプロトンは移動しないので、液体の水
が陰極側表面に流れ出すことはない。しかし、ＮＡＦＩ
ＯＮ（Ｒ）等のイオン交換膜は、水蒸気圧の高い側から
低い側へ水蒸気を運ぶ性質を有するため、水は、イオン
交換膜内を水蒸気として陰極側に移動する。移動した水
蒸気は、水蒸気透過性を有する陰極を通過して、陰極と
陽極の間に挟んだイオン交換膜に吸水される。両電極に
電圧を印加することにより、吸水された水分が電解され
る。陽極からは、酸素が発生する。しかし、発生した酸
素に液体の水は混在しない。陰極と陽極の間に挟んだイ
オン交換膜内では、プロトンが移動するが、その移動方
向が陽極側から陰極側であることから、イオン交換膜の
陽極側に液体の水が流れることはない。陰極と陽極の間
に挟んだイオン交換膜は、陰極側から供給される水蒸気
により、常に一定の膨潤状態を保つことができる。ま
た、陰極から発生した水素にも、液体の水は混入しな
い。On the other hand, in the present invention, the water is on the cathode side, and the water is blocked from the cathode by the ion exchange membrane. Moreover, even if a voltage is applied to the electrodes, the protons in the ion exchange membrane between the water and the cathode do not move, so that liquid water does not flow out to the cathode side surface. But NAFI
Since an ion exchange membrane such as ON (R) has a property of transporting water vapor from a high water vapor pressure side to a low water vapor pressure side, water moves to the cathode side as water vapor in the ion exchange membrane. The moved water vapor passes through the water vapor permeable cathode and is absorbed by the ion exchange membrane sandwiched between the cathode and the anode. By applying a voltage to both electrodes, the absorbed water is electrolyzed. Oxygen is generated from the anode. However, the generated oxygen does not contain liquid water. Protons move in the ion exchange membrane sandwiched between the cathode and the anode, but since the moving direction is from the anode side to the cathode side, liquid water does not flow to the anode side of the ion exchange membrane. The ion exchange membrane sandwiched between the cathode and the anode can always maintain a constant swelling state by the water vapor supplied from the cathode side. Also, liquid water does not mix with hydrogen generated from the cathode.
【００２６】本発明は、実施例１で用いた陰極をスポン
ジ状でなく多孔質にしたり、イオン交換膜に水蒸気透過
性の高い他のイオン交換膜を用いる等による実施も可能
である。The present invention can also be carried out by making the cathode used in Example 1 porous instead of sponge, or using another ion exchange membrane having high water vapor permeability as the ion exchange membrane.
【００２７】図３は、本発明の実施例２の構成図であ
る。本発明の実施例２の水電解装置（１）においては、
本発明の実施例１に、さらに、電解槽（１１）の外側に
水タンク（１５）を設けてある。水タンク（１５）と電
解槽（１１）は、水流入口（２）で繋がっており、さら
に電解槽（１１）で使用済みの水を、水排出口（１４）
から、再度水タンク（１５）に戻す構成となっている。
水タンク（１５）内には水が満たしてあり、水はヒータ
（１２）で温度調整されている。水タンク（１５）から
電解槽（１１）へはポンプ（１３）で水を供給する。な
お、本発明の実施例１の水電解装置（１）も、本発明の
実施例２の水電解装置（１）も、電解槽（１１）を並列
又は直列に複数セル繋げて、より大量の酸素・水素を発
生させることができる。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. In the water electrolysis apparatus (1) of Example 2 of the present invention,
In Example 1 of the present invention, a water tank (15) is further provided outside the electrolytic cell (11). The water tank (15) and the electrolyzer (11) are connected by a water inlet (2), and the water used in the electrolyzer (11) is further discharged into the water outlet (14).
Therefore, it is configured to be returned to the water tank (15) again.
The water tank (15) is filled with water, and the temperature of the water is adjusted by the heater (12). Water is supplied from the water tank (15) to the electrolytic cell (11) by a pump (13). In both the water electrolysis apparatus (1) of Example 1 of the present invention and the water electrolysis apparatus (1) of Example 2 of the present invention, a plurality of electrolysis cells (11) were connected in parallel or in series to obtain a larger amount. It can generate oxygen and hydrogen.
【００２８】本発明の実施例２の水電解装置（１）にお
いて、ポンプ（１３）の循環量は１．５〜２．０Ｌ／分
で、水の温度を約７０℃にしたときの電解電流は、約２
０Ａ／セルであった。かかる条件におけるガス発生量
は、酸素が約４Ｌ／時、水素が８Ｌ／時であった。In the water electrolysis apparatus (1) of Example 2 of the present invention, the circulation rate of the pump (13) is 1.5 to 2.0 L / min, and the electrolysis current when the temperature of the water is about 70 ° C. Is about 2
It was 0 A / cell. The amount of gas generated under these conditions was about 4 L / hour for oxygen and 8 L / hour for hydrogen.
【００２９】本発明の実施例２においては、本発明の実
施例１で示した効果に加え、さらに、適温の水を供給で
き、また水をリサイクルできるという効果がある。In the second embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the effects shown in the first embodiment of the present invention, there is an effect that water at an appropriate temperature can be supplied and the water can be recycled.
【００３０】本発明においては、電解用の水は、水蒸気
として循環して電解されるので、純水でなくても、可能
である。In the present invention, the water for electrolysis is circulated as steam to be electrolyzed, so that it is not necessary to use pure water.
【００３１】本発明によれば、酸素や水素が水の中に気
泡として発生しないので、気液分離タンクがいらない。
これは、コスト面のメリットのみならず、コンパクトで
軽量であるというメリットがある。また、本発明によれ
ば、無重力下において水を電気分解する場合において
も、水素排出口及び酸素排出口からは気体のみ取り出す
ことができるので、取り出し時に気体に水が混入する恐
れがない。宇宙船においてはコンパクトであることが非
常に重要なポイントとなる。According to the present invention, since oxygen and hydrogen are not generated as bubbles in water, a gas-liquid separation tank is unnecessary.
This has not only the merit in terms of cost but also the merit of being compact and lightweight. Further, according to the present invention, even when water is electrolyzed under zero gravity, only the gas can be taken out from the hydrogen outlet and the oxygen outlet, so that there is no risk of water being mixed into the gas at the time of taking out. Compactness is a very important point in spacecraft.
【００３２】本発明は上記に示した構成であり、したが
って、航空機内で酸素を供給したり、燃料電池にエネル
ギー源として酸素・水素を供給したり、宇宙空間や宇宙
船で生命を維持するための酸素や燃料としての水素を供
給したり、或いは宝飾加工の酸素バーナーに酸素を供給
したりすることに利用可能である。The present invention is configured as described above, and therefore, for supplying oxygen in an aircraft, supplying oxygen / hydrogen as an energy source to a fuel cell, and maintaining life in outer space or a spacecraft. It can be used to supply oxygen and hydrogen as fuel, or to supply oxygen to an oxygen burner for jewelry processing.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】本発明の水電解装置は、上述したとおり
であるので、気液分離タンクが不要で、無重力下でも、
高純度の酸素と水素を、液体の水と混じらないように取
り出すことができる。Since the water electrolysis apparatus of the present invention is as described above, a gas-liquid separation tank is unnecessary and even under zero gravity,
High-purity oxygen and hydrogen can be taken out without being mixed with liquid water.
【図１】従来の酸素・水素発生装置の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional oxygen / hydrogen generator.
【図２】本発明の実施例１の構成図である。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例２の構成図である。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
１ 水電解装置 ２ 水流入口 ３ 隔室Ａ ４ イオン交換膜 ５ 水素排出口 ６ 陰極 ７ 隔室Ｂ ８ 陽極 ９ 酸素排出口 １０ 隔室Ｃ １１ 電解槽 １２ ヒータ １３ ポンプ １４ 水排出口 １５ 水タンク １６ 気液分離タンク 1 Water electrolysis device 2 Water inlet 3 compartment A 4 Ion exchange membrane 5 Hydrogen outlet 6 cathode 7 Compartment B 8 anode 9 oxygen outlet 10 Compartment C 11 Electrolyzer 12 heater 13 pumps 14 Water outlet 15 water tank 16 Gas-liquid separation tank
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 渡辺 洋二 東京都新宿区新宿５丁目４番14号 スガ 試験機株式会社内 (56)参考文献 実開 平４−21563（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C25B 1/04 C25B 9/00 H01M 8/00 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoji Watanabe 5-4-14 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Suga Test Machine Co., Ltd. (56) References: Kaihei 4-21563 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C25B 1/04 C25B 9/00 H01M 8/00
Claims (3)
膜に挟みこみ、一方のイオン交換膜の外側に水相を配
し、他方のイオン交換膜の外側には陽極を配した電解槽
で、被電解水が、前記一方のイオン交換膜を両面の蒸気
圧差により水蒸気として通過して陰極と接触し、陰極内
を通過して前記他方のイオン交換膜に達し、両電極へ電
圧を印加し、電解され、前記他方のイオン交換膜内をプ
ロトンが陽極側から陰極側に移動して、陰極表面に水素
が発生し、陽極表面に酸素が発生することにより、発生
した酸素と水素に水を混入させないことを特徴とする水
電解装置。1. An electrolytic cell in which a water vapor permeable cathode is sandwiched between ion exchange membranes, an aqueous phase is placed outside one ion exchange membrane, and an anode is placed outside the other ion exchange membrane. The electrolyzed water passes through the one ion exchange membrane as water vapor due to the vapor pressure difference between the two surfaces and contacts the cathode, passes through the cathode to reach the other ion exchange membrane, and applies a voltage to both electrodes, Electrolyzed, the protons move from the anode side to the cathode side in the other ion exchange membrane, hydrogen is generated on the cathode surface, and oxygen is generated on the anode surface, whereby water is mixed with the generated oxygen and hydrogen. A water electrolysis device characterized by not allowing it.
（イ）フッ素樹脂系イオン交換膜、（ウ）水素排出手段
を有し、かつ、スポンジ状陰極を充填した隔室Ｂ、
（エ）白金、イリジウム、ロジウム又はイリジウム−ロ
ジウム合金をメッキしたフッ素樹脂系イオン交換膜、
（オ）多孔質チタンに白金メッキした陽極、（カ）酸素
排出手段を有する隔室Ｃの順にサンドイッチした電解槽
を有することを特徴とする水電解装置。2. A compartment A having water inflow means,
(A) Fluororesin-based ion exchange membrane, (c) compartment B having a hydrogen discharge means and filled with a sponge-like cathode,
(D) Platinum, iridium, rhodium or iridium-rhodium alloy plated fluororesin ion exchange membrane,
(E) A water electrolysis device comprising an electrolytic cell in which a porous titanium-plated anode and (f) a compartment C having an oxygen discharge means are sandwiched in this order.
水回収手段を有する水タンクを附設することを特徴とす
る請求項２記載の水電解装置。3. The water electrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a water tank having a temperature control means, a water supply means, and a water recovery means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003001862A JP3452140B1 (en) | 2003-01-08 | 2003-01-08 | Water electrolysis device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003001862A JP3452140B1 (en) | 2003-01-08 | 2003-01-08 | Water electrolysis device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP3452140B1 true JP3452140B1 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
| JP2004211190A JP2004211190A (en) | 2004-07-29 |
Family
ID=29208323
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003001862A Expired - Fee Related JP3452140B1 (en) | 2003-01-08 | 2003-01-08 | Water electrolysis device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3452140B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5125435B2 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2013-01-23 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Porous titanium with low contact resistance |
| EP2837712A4 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-12-02 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | Electrochemical reduction device, and method for producing hydrogenated product of aromatic hydrocarbon compound or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compound |
| AR091406A1 (en) | 2012-06-12 | 2015-02-04 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HYDROCARBON HYDROCARBON OR AROMATIC HYDROCARBON COMPOUND OR AROMATIC COMPOUND WITH NITROGEN CONTENT |
| JP5196510B1 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2013-05-15 | 株式会社健康支援センター | Desktop hydrogen gas generator |
-
2003
- 2003-01-08 JP JP2003001862A patent/JP3452140B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004211190A (en) | 2004-07-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5635039A (en) | Membrane with internal passages to permit fluid flow and an electrochemical cell containing the same | |
| US5460705A (en) | Method and apparatus for electrochemical production of ozone | |
| JP5897512B2 (en) | Method for electrolytic concentration of heavy water | |
| US5770033A (en) | Methods and apparatus for using gas and liquid phase cathodic depolarizers | |
| US6984304B2 (en) | Generation and delivery device for ozone gas and ozone dissolved in water | |
| US6149810A (en) | Membrane with supported internal passages | |
| EP2171129A1 (en) | Electrolysis cell comprising sulfur dioxide-depolarized anode and method of using the same in hydrogen generation | |
| JP3007137B2 (en) | Electrolytic ozone generation method and apparatus | |
| EA024480B1 (en) | Cell for depolarised electrodialysis of salt solutions | |
| JP2012107331A (en) | Water electrolysis system | |
| US20150047988A1 (en) | ELECTROLYSIS CELL WITH MULTIPLE MEMBRANES FOR CuCI/HCI ELECTROLYSIS IN HYDROGEN PRODUCTION | |
| JP3452140B1 (en) | Water electrolysis device | |
| US10239772B2 (en) | Recycling loop method for preparation of high concentration ozone | |
| JP3511608B1 (en) | Steam electrolyzer | |
| JP2012193428A (en) | Electrolytic solution decomposition device and decomposition method for electrolytic solution using the same | |
| JP6847477B1 (en) | Electrolyzed water production equipment and method for producing electrolyzed water using this | |
| JPH08246178A (en) | Electrochemical recovering method of salts and device therefor | |
| JP3366549B2 (en) | Hydrogen / oxygen generator and electrolytic cell used therefor | |
| JP2017087087A (en) | Hydrogen water production apparatus | |
| EP3608444A1 (en) | Method for manufacturing sodium hydroxide and/or chlorine and 2 chamber type saltwater electrolytic cell | |
| JPH01234585A (en) | Method and device for electrolysis using gas diffusion electrode | |
| JP2007059196A (en) | Power generating system | |
| RU2548442C1 (en) | Method of obtaining deuterium-depleted water | |
| JP2001026891A (en) | Startup method for alkali chloride electrolytic cell using gas diffusion cathode | |
| JPH11171504A (en) | Electrolytic ozonizer and device for treating hydrogen |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20030618 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 3452140 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313115 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080718 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090718 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100718 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110718 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120718 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120718 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120718 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130718 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |