JP3439731B2 - Sorting machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sorting machine utilizing a difference in specific gravity of members, and more particularly to a method for efficiently removing foreign substances such as metals and sand from charcoal obtained by a carbonizing apparatus. The present invention relates to a sorter suitable for clean coal which can be removed at a high speed. [0002] Conventionally, charcoal has been widely used as a deodorant, a humectant, a soil conditioner, or a snow melting agent. However, when building waste is used as a raw material of charcoal, it is produced. There is a problem that a large amount of sand or metal remaining without being carbonized is mixed therein. Foreign matter can also be relatively easily removed by a magnetic separator if it is a magnetic substance such as iron, but non-magnetic metals such as copper and sand are not limited to this. Therefore,
Use of a centrifugal separator, a vibrating sieving apparatus, or the like can be considered for their selection. [0003] However, it is difficult to satisfactorily separate charcoal and foreign matter with a centrifugal separator, and the efficiency of a vibrating sieving apparatus is not improved. There is concern that accuracy will be affected. Moreover, since the charcoal immediately after generation is in a high temperature state, the above-described sorting by the conventional apparatus is unsuitable, and in some cases, the charcoal may be ignited during the sorting.
Conventionally, charcoal taken out of the carbonization furnace is exposed to water. However, if the sorting operation is performed after such a cooling step, the efficiency is low and the cost of the product increases. is there. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a main object of the present invention is to make it possible to efficiently remove foreign substances such as metals and sand from charcoal produced from construction waste and the like. It is in the thing. [0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a charcoal containing foreign matter as a treated material, and treats the treated material as a lightweight material having a lower specific gravity than water and a weight having a specific gravity higher than water. It is a sorter for separating the water into a material, and has a water storage tank having a supply port for inputting the processed material at the top, and two troughs rising diagonally upward from the water storage tank, and one of the troughs has a water storage tank. A transfer means extending from the bottom of the tank toward the upper end of the trough is provided, and transfers a heavy load among the processed materials supplied into the water storage tank toward the upper end, and the other trough is provided from the top of the water storage tank. Transfer means extending toward the upper end of the trough is provided, and among the processed materials supplied into the water tank, the heavy material is directed toward the bottom of the water tank, and the lighter material is transferred toward the upper end, and Each of the upper ends of the troughs An object of the present invention is to provide a sorter, which is provided with an outlet for discharging the material transferred by the feeding means. Hereinafter, an application example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred example of a sorter according to the present invention, which is generally configured by integrating two conveyors (in this example, a scraper conveyor). Reference numeral 1 denotes a machine frame of the present apparatus. The machine frame 1 is composed of a water storage tank 2 having a predetermined water storage capacity, and two troughs 3 and 4 rising obliquely upward from a side surface of the water storage tank 2. . [0007] The water storage tank 2 receives a supply of treated material (charcoal) from a carbonizing device or the like and temporarily stores the treated material (charcoal) therein. A predetermined amount of water is stored for separation into heavy objects having a specific gravity greater than water. For this reason, a water supply port to be described later is provided at an upper portion of the water storage tank 2, and a drainage port 5 for discharging internal water storage is provided at a bottom portion thereof. In addition, water tank 2
A supply port 6 for receiving the processed material is formed at the top of the container, and when used, the supply port 6 is connected to a raw material discharge port of a carbonization device or the like via a screw conveyor or the like. On the other hand, each of the troughs 3 and 4 serves as a guide for taking out the processed material from the water storage tank 2, and one end (lower end) thereof is connected in a step-like manner to form the above-described water storage tank 2. In particular, each of the troughs 3 and 4 is individually provided with a transfer means described below for transferring the processed material in the water storage tank 2 along its longitudinal direction. One of the troughs 3 is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank 2 to guide a heavy object transferred by a transfer means passing through the inside thereof, and the other trough 4 is connected thereto.
Is connected to the upper part of the water tank 2 and guides the light objects transferred by another transfer means passing through the inside thereof. Outlets 7, 8 for discharging the processed material to the outside are provided. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 9 denotes support legs for supporting the troughs 3 and 4. Next, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the same device. As is apparent from this figure, in this example, the two troughs 3 and 4 intersect at right angles, and the intersection is the water tank 2. 10 is a transfer means provided along one trough 3, and 11 is its drive source (electric motor). This electric motor 11 is provided at the tip (upper end) of the trough 3
2 attached. In this example, the transfer means 1
Reference numeral 0 denotes a chain drive type conveyor, which is configured by fixing a plurality of scrapers 14 at equal intervals to a drive chain 13 forming an endless orbit. On both sides in the longitudinal direction of the trough 3, there are sprockets 15, 16 for looping the drive chain 13, and the sprocket 15 provided at the upper end of the trough 3 is used as an electric motor 1 as a driving side.
Connected to 1. That is, another sprocket 17 is mounted coaxially with the sprocket 15, and the sprocket 17 and the sprocket 18 mounted on the output shaft of the electric motor 11 are connected by the chain 19. Reference numeral 20 denotes a transfer means provided along the other trough 4, and reference numeral 21 denotes a drive source (electric motor) of the transfer means. The electric motor 21 is provided at the tip (upper end) of the trough 4.
2 attached. This transfer means 20 is also a chain drive type conveyor, which is configured by fixing a plurality of scrapers 24 at equal intervals to a drive chain 23 forming an endless orbit. Sprockets 2 on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the trough 4 for hanging the drive chain 23
The sprocket 25 provided at the upper end of the trough 4 is connected to the electric motor 21 as the driving side. That is, another sprocket 27 is mounted coaxially with the sprocket 25, and the sprocket 27 and the sprocket 28 mounted on the output shaft of the electric motor 21 are mounted.
Are linked by a chain 29. Next, FIG. 3 is a side view of the trough 3 side,
4 to 6 respectively show XX, YY,
2 shows a cross section taken along line ZZ. As evident from these figures,
The drive chain 13 extends from the inside of the water storage tank 2 toward the outlet 7 through the center of the trough 3, and the scraper 14 comes into sliding contact with the bottom surface of the water storage tank 2 and the trough 3 on the rising side of its orbit. ing. Here, the scrapers 14 are fixed to both sides of the drive chain 13 via mounting brackets 30,
Each is orthogonal to the direction of movement by the drive chain 13. 3 and 4, reference numerals 31 and 32 denote idlers for correcting the trajectory of the drive chain 13, which are attached to the shafts 33 and 34, and both ends of the shafts 33 and 34 are respectively provided. It is supported by bearing units 35 and 36 having a sealing function. 3 and 5, reference numeral 37 denotes a bearing unit for supporting the shaft 38 of the sprocket 15 on the driving side. The bearing unit 37 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the trough 3 by a guide rail 39 provided along the side surface of the trough 3. It is held slidably, and the tension of the drive chain 13 is made variable by its movement. Reference numeral 40 denotes a screw type operation shaft for sliding the bearing unit 37, and the rotation of the screw unit allows the bearing unit 37 to be displaced. 3 and 6, 4
Reference numeral 1 denotes a shaft to which a sprocket 16 on the driven side is attached,
The shaft 41 penetrates the water tank 2 and both ends thereof are rotatably supported by bearing units 42 having a sealing function.
In particular, as apparent from FIG. 6, a pipe 44 having one end serving as a water supply port 43 is connected to an upper portion of the water storage tank 2.
Tap water 4 can be supplied into the water storage tank 2 through the storage tank 4. The pipe 44 is provided with a water amount control means for keeping the water level in the water storage tank 2 at a constant level. This is an automatic on-off valve having a float 45,
Is automatically opened and closed according to the position of the float 45. FIG. 7 is a side view of the trough 4 side.
8 and 9 show cross sections taken along line XX and YY in FIG. 7, respectively. As is apparent from these figures, the drive chains 23 are provided on both sides of the trough 4 so as to face each other.
Each of them extends from the inside of the water tank 2 toward the outlet 8, and the scraper 24 slides on the bottom surfaces of the water tank 2 and the trough 4 on the rising side of the orbit. here,
The scraper 24 is located between the drive chains 23,
Both ends are fixed to each drive chain 23 via a mounting bracket 50, and are respectively orthogonal to the direction of movement by the drive chain 23. In FIG. 7, reference numerals 51 and 52 denote idlers for correcting the trajectory of the drive chain 23. These idlers are mounted on a shaft (not shown), and both ends of the shaft are provided in bearing units having sealing materials. Supported.
7 and 8, reference numeral 53 denotes a bearing unit for supporting the shaft 54 of the sprocket 25 on the driving side. The bearing unit 53 is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the trough 4 by a guide rail 55 provided along the side surface of the trough 4. The tension of the drive chain 23 is made variable by the movement. Reference numeral 56 denotes a screw-type operation shaft for sliding the bearing unit 53, and the rotation of the bearing unit 53 enables the bearing unit 53 to be displaced. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 57 denotes a shaft to which the driven sprocket 26 is attached. The shaft 57 penetrates the water tank 2 and both ends thereof are rotatably supported by bearing units 58 having a sealing function. Here, the sorter as described above is connected to, for example, a conventionally known carbonizing device to constitute a charcoal production plant. Referring to FIG. 10, an outline thereof is shown. Reference numeral 60 denotes a carbonization furnace which is a main component of a carbonization apparatus, and a hopper 61 for supplying a woody raw material is provided above the furnace. 62 is an outlet from which the charcoal generated in the carbonization furnace 60 is discharged,
The sorting machine A of the present invention is connected to the discharge port 62 via a feeder 63 composed of a screw conveyor or the like. The supply port 6 of the water storage tank 2 can be viewed below the outlet of the feeder 63. Therefore, the charcoal conveyed by the feeder 63 is continuously kept in the water storage tank 2 for purifying while maintaining the high temperature state. It is thrown in. In other words, when building waste is used as a raw material for charcoal, the charcoal taken out of the carbonization furnace contains non-combustible materials such as sand and gravel, as well as metal debris such as iron and copper, and removes such foreign matter. However, the present application sorter is very useful. Referring to FIG. 11, when charcoal containing foreign matter is supplied from the supply port 6 into the water storage tank 2 by the feeder 63 as the treated material S, most of the charcoal has a specific gravity higher than that of water. Because of its small size, it floats on water previously stored in the water storage tank 2, but metal, sand, and the like have a specific gravity greater than that of water, and thus precipitate in the water storage tank 2. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
0 starts the drive chain 2 running clockwise in the figure.
With 3, the scraper 24 starts orbiting along the trajectory. Then, the charcoal (light-weight object S1) floating in the water storage tank 2 is guided into the trough 4 while being scraped off by the ascending scraper 24, and is transferred upward along the trough 4 as it is. Are discharged to the outside in order from those that have reached. In addition, water tank 2
The water level inside is light weight S1 (charcoal) by the scraper 24
Is set to such an extent that the ascending scraper 24 is immersed in water in the water storage tank 2 so that the scraper can be scraped off. On the other hand, foreign matter (heavy material S2) such as metal settled in the water tank 2 is taken out of the machine by the transfer means 10. That is, when the orbiting movement of the scraper 14 along the track is started by the drive chain 13 running clockwise in FIG. 11B, the heavy object S2 as the foreign matter settled in the water storage tank 2 is moved upward. Is guided inside the trough 3 while being scraped off by the scraper 14, and is transferred upward along the trough 3 as it is. As described above, according to the sorting machine of the present invention, the light object S
In addition to separating charcoal 1 and metals and other foreign substances as heavy materials S2 in the water tank 2, they can be separately taken out through the troughs 3 and 4, and can be used for sorting charcoal immediately after production. Can be cooled quickly (water cooling) to prevent the fire. In the above example, the transfer means 10, 20
Are driven along the drive chains 13 and 23 by the scrapers 14 and 2
4, the heavy object S2 is not transferred by the transfer means 20 for transferring the lightweight object S1. That is, in the transfer means 20,
Since the space between the scrapers 24 is an area for guiding the heavy objects S2 to the bottom of the water tank 2, when the mixture of the lightweight objects S1 and the heavy objects S2 is put into the water tank 2, the heavy objects S2 are moved to the mutual positions of the scrapers 24. The water is passed through the space to the bottom of the water storage tank 2, and this is transferred to the light-weight object S 1 by the transfer means 10 on the bottom side.
Can be taken out separately. However, the present invention is not limited to the transfer means 10, 20 being of a scraper conveyor type, but may be of a screw conveyor type, or of a drive chain 13, 23.
Can be replaced with a metal belt having the same width as the scrapers 14 and 24. When the drive chain 23 is replaced with a belt, all of the processed material supplied to the water storage tank 2 temporarily rides on the belt. To the heavy object S
2 can be guided to the inside of the trough 4 by the scraper 24 while the floating of the lightweight object S1 is regulated by the belt while sinking the water 2 at the bottom of the water storage tank 2. At this time, the processed material is guided below the transfer means 20 through an area formed between the sprocket 26 on the driven side and the machine frame 1, and thereafter, only the heavy material sinks to the bottom of the water storage tank 2. Will do. Although the troughs 3 and 4 are provided in an orthogonal state according to the above example, they may be provided so as to be vertically overlapped. Here, the charcoal obtained as described above can be used as a deodorant or the like, and it can also be combined with a water-soluble adhesive to form a figurine (decorative item) having a predetermined shape. It is preferable that the charcoal is made to contain moisture at the time of bonding, thereby preventing the components of the adhesive from penetrating into the charcoal and maintaining the porous state. Further, in the plant as shown in FIG. 10, a centrifugal dehydration device or the like may be provided after the sorting machine of the present invention. As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, water is used to separate a heavy object having a higher specific gravity from a light object having a lower specific gravity. Foreign matter such as metal and sand can be effectively removed from the charcoal immediately after generation, and the charcoal can be cooled at the same time for clean coal, thus improving workability. In addition, since a trough for removing heavy and light objects is set up obliquely upward from the water tank, the water in the water tank does not flow out through the trough, and the amount of water stored is kept at a certain level. Can be kept.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a preferred example of a sorting machine according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the apparatus. FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 3 FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. 3 FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line ZZ in FIG. 3 FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. 7; FIG. 10 shows a use form of a sorting machine according to the present invention. Schematic diagram [FIG. 11] Schematic diagram showing the sorting status of the processed material by the sorting machine of the present invention [Explanation of reference numerals] 1 Machine frame 2 Reservoir 3, 4 Trough 5 Drain port 6 Supply port 7, 8 Outlet 10, 20 Transfer Means 11, 21 Electric motors 13, 23 Drive chains 14, 24 Scraper

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sorting machine for treating charcoal containing foreign matter as a treated material and dividing the treated material into a light-weight material having a lower specific gravity than water and a heavy-weight material having a higher specific gravity than water. And a water tank having a supply port for inputting the processed material at the top, and two troughs rising diagonally upward from the water tank, one of which has a trough from the bottom of the water tank to the top of the trough. A transfer means extending toward the upper end of the processing tank supplied to the upper end of the water supply tank; and a transfer means extending from the upper part of the water storage tank toward the upper end of the trough. Means are provided, and among the processed materials supplied into the water tank, the heavy material is directed to the bottom of the water tank, and the light material is transferred toward the upper end, and each of the upper ends of each trough is provided. An arrangement for discharging the material transferred by the transfer means Sorter, characterized in that the mouth is made provided.