JP3436118B2 - crane - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crane in which a hoisting winch drum is installed on a swing frame of an upper swing body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, there has been known a wheel type crane mainly having a side drum type in which a hoisting winch drum is installed on a side of a boom base portion in a swing frame.

In the case of the side drum type, since the winch drum is largely offset in the left-right direction with respect to the boom point sheave provided at the tip of the boom, the hoisting rope pulled out from the winch drum is used as the boom point sheave. If it is directly guided to, the fleet angle will become too large, and the rope will frequently come off from the winding and sheaves, and the rope life will be shortened.

For this reason, when the side drum type is adopted, the intermediate guide sheave is provided between the winch drum and the boom point sheave. However, this alone is not enough between the winch drum and the intermediate guide sheave or the intermediate guide sheave. The fleet angle between the sheave and the boom point sheave cannot be made small enough.

Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-64986 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-267583, the winch drum is arranged such that the end on the boom side is closer to the base end than the end on the opposite side. The technique of inclining the winch drum in plan view so that it is located at (for example, if the winch drum is located on the left side of the boom, inclines so that the left side of the drum is located in front of the right side in plan view) Proposed.

[0006]

However, according to this structure, the following problems still remain.

The contact point between the guide sheave and the rope, which serves as a fleet angle fulcrum, moves on an arc locus drawn on the boom hoisting plane by the hoisting operation of the boom.

On the other hand, simply by inclining the winch drum in plan view as described above, the plane in which the winch drum is arranged, that is, the plane passing through the axial midpoint of the drum shaft and orthogonal to the drum shaft, becomes Since the arc locus intersects at only one point at the maximum, the fleet angle becomes large in a range outside this intersection.

That is, the range in which the fleet angle is large is still left wide, and problems such as shortening of rope life cannot be sufficiently solved.

Therefore, the present invention is to provide a crane capable of suppressing the fleet angle of the rope to be small while adopting the side drum type.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a boom is provided on a swing frame of an upper swing body mounted on a lower traveling body so that the boom can be raised and lowered about a boom foot pin. In a crane in which a winch drum is installed on the side of the boom, and a hoisting rope pulled out from the winch drum is passed through a boom point sheave provided at the tip of the boom and suspended from the tip of the boom. , the upper surface in the inclined state of the boom, the rope guiding means for guiding the hoisting ropes is provided a between the winch drum and boom point sheaves, and the winch drum, the following
In the range that satisfies the condition, inclined in plan view so that the ends of the boom side is positioned on the boom base end nearer the opposite end, and the end of the boom side opposite It is provided so as to be inclined from the rear side so as to be located below the end portion.

Condition A flat plate that passes through the axially intermediate portion of the drum shaft and is orthogonal to the drum shaft.
A is the plane where the drum is placed, and the above rope guide hand
Fleet angle where the hoisting rope contacts the step
The rope contact point as a fulcrum is
Two points on the arc locus drawn on the undulating plane B are designated as P1 and P2.
Then, the drum disposition plane A almost connects the two points P1 and P2.
Including.

[0013] The above and "axially intermediate portion of the drum" is not only an intermediate point in the strict sense, also includes a slightly shifted position from the midpoint to the extent that does not impair this onset bright advantages.

Further, the above-mentioned "substantially including the above two points P1 and P2" means not only the case where the two points are completely contained but also the case where the two points P1 and P2 are not completely contained, as long as the effects are not impaired. .

The invention of claim 2 is in the structure of claim 1.
As a rope guide means
Horizontal guide sheaves made those was et provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the first or second aspect, the swing frame is pulled from the winch drum.
The hoisting rope that has been taken out is
Auxiliary rope guide means for guiding the boom to the upper side of the boom is provided.

According to the invention of claim 4, in the structure of claim 3 , the auxiliary rope guide means is used as the auxiliary rope guide means.
Freely rotatable around a sheave axis that is almost parallel to the drum axis
It was installed in.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the fourth aspect, the auxiliary rope guide sheave is axially arranged with respect to the sheave shaft.
It is slidably supported on .

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the fourth or fifth aspect, a hoisting rope for the auxiliary rope guide sheave is provided.
So that the contact points on the
The sheave is arranged .

According to the above structure, the following effects can be obtained.

The boom undulation plane is a vertical plane parallel to the boom axis, whereas the drum disposition plane can be expressed by the above-described rear view tilt angle θX and plan view tilt angle θY. And
An intersection line (a straight line connecting intersections) between the boom undulation plane and the drum arrangement plane can be expressed by Y = aX + b.

Further, on the boom hoisting plane, fleet en <br/> grayed Le supporting point moves while drawing an arcuate path with undulations of the boom. The intersection of this locus and the above equation is the point where the fleet angle can be minimized, and the fleet angle increases as the fleet angle fulcrum moves away from this intersection.

[0023] That is, in the configuration described in the plan view inclined have not been Hei 7-267583 Patent Gazette only such intersection line is a vertical line (X, 0), and the limit on the maximum one point intersection in this condition To be

[0024] On the other hand, the fleet Anne as in the present invention
Drawing on the boom undulating plane guru fulcrum by the ups and downs of the boom
By tilting the winch drum not only in the plan view but also in the rear view so that it almost includes two points on the circular arc locus ,
The intersection can be up to two points.

Therefore, it is possible to secure a large boom angle range in which the fleet angle can be reduced .

[0026] Also, if there is a boom angle at which the use case, or better to perform the work only in a limited boom angle, can be fleet angle in these boom angle is set to be the minimum.

Therefore, while taking the side drum type, it is possible to prevent occurrence of irregular winding of the hoisting rope on the winch drum and to improve the life of the rope.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary rope guide means is interposed between the winch drum and the rope guide means, so that the hoisting rope can be stably wound around the winch drum, and from the same drum. You can get out.

[0029] In this case, i) the auxiliary rope guide auxiliary rope guide sheave arrangement according to claim 4 which is provided rotatably about substantially parallel sheave shaft and the drum axis as a means, ii) sliding the guide sheave in the axial direction By adopting the configuration of claim 5 arranged freely, or by combining these configurations, more stable rope winding / unwinding action can be obtained, so that the effect of preventing irregular winding is further enhanced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the rope contact to the auxiliary rope guide sheave is arranged so that the rope contact overlaps with the boom foot pin in a side view, and the rope length beyond the sheave does not change due to the ups and downs of the boom. .

Therefore, the boom can be undulated while the hook suspended by the hoisting rope is stored and fixed at the boom tip.

[0032]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3, 1 is a swing frame of an upper swing body mounted on a lower traveling body (not shown), and 2 is attached to the swing frame 1 so as to be capable of undulating about a boom foot pin 3. It is a boom.

This boom 2 is a basic (fixed boom) 2a.
And a plurality of stages of movable booms 2b are configured to be extendable and contractible, and a boom point sheave 4 is provided at a tip portion, that is, a tip portion of the tip movable boom 2b.

The hoisting rope 7 pulled out from the drum 6 of the winch 5 (only the drum 6 of the winches 5 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) is the boom point sheave 4
Is guided downward from the boom tip, and a hook (not shown) is suspended by the rope 7.

The winch 5 including the winch drum 6 is located at a position rearward with respect to the boom 2 and laterally to one side (to the right when viewed from the boom base end side in the figure, which will be described below in this example). It is installed on the swivel frame 1.

In each drawing, 6a is a winch drum shaft as a rotation center shaft of the winch drum 6, and Wo in FIG. 1 is an axial center of the winch drum shaft 6a.

Therefore, the winch drum 6 is in a state of being largely displaced to the right and downward with respect to the boom point sheave 4, and in such an arrangement, the hoisting rope 7 is directly boomed from the winch drum 6 in this state. Can't lead to point sheave 4.

Therefore, the main guide sheave 8 is rotatably attached to the upper surface of the tip of the basic boom 2a around the sheave shaft 8a which is vertical in the horizontal state of the boom, and the auxiliary guide sheave 9 is provided above the winch drum 6 to rotate the frame. 1, the main guide sheave 8 covers the lateral displacement of the winch drum 6 and the boom point sheave 4, and the auxiliary guide sheave 9 covers the vertical displacement of the winch drum 6 and the boom point sheave 4, respectively. Is configured.

The auxiliary guide sheave 9 is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, (a) the sheave shaft 9a is substantially parallel (completely parallel or almost parallel) to the winch drum shaft 6a, and (b) the hoisting rope 7 (C) It is attached to the sheave shaft 9a so as to be slidable in the axial direction in a state in which its contact point with the boom foot pin 3 overlaps with the side view.

With the above-mentioned configurations (a) and (c), the auxiliary guide sheave 9 is located on the straight line connecting the payout point and the main guide sheave 8 in accordance with the axial movement of the rope payout point from the winch drum 6. Therefore, a stable rope guide action is secured.

The hoisting rope 7 has the structure (b).
From the contact point with the auxiliary guide sheave 9 on the side (boom tip side)
Since the rope length of is almost unchanged by boom ups and downs,
It is possible to raise and lower the boom 2 while the hook is stored and fixed to the boom tip.

On the other hand, the end of the winch drum 6 on the right side of the drum (the side opposite to the boom 2) in plan view is on the left side (boom 2).
Side), and the boom foot pin 3 so that the right side of the drum is located above the left side in rear view.
It is installed on the revolving frame 1 in a state of being inclined in two directions with respect to an axis parallel to the. Y in FIG. 1 is a tilt angle in a plan view,
X in FIG. 3 is a rear view inclination angle.

In this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, (i) a plane which passes through the axial center point Wo of the winch drum shaft 6a and is orthogonal to the drum shaft 6a. The drum arrangement plane is A, and (ii) the rope contacts (fleet angle fulcrum) to the main guide sheave 8 are two points on the arc locus C drawn on the boom undulation plane B by the undulation of the boom 2 as P1 and P2. The winch drum 6 is installed such that the arrangement plane A is inclined with respect to the boom up-and-down plane B so as to include the two points P1 and P2.

With this drum arrangement, the boom undulation plane B
And the two points P1 and P2 and the center point Wo in the drum axial direction.
A straight line (intersection line) L that intersects the winch placement plane A including
Will be inclined with respect to the vertical axis Lv.

The boom up-and-down plane B is a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boom passing through the rope contact points of the main guide sheave 8.

On the other hand, the drum arrangement plane A has two points P1 and P2.
In addition to the case where 2 is completely contained, the case where it is not completely contained within the limit of having the same effect. In the same plane A
Includes not only the case of passing the center point Wo in the strict sense of the drum axis direction, but also the case of a slight deviation from the center point Wo.

With this configuration, the main and auxiliary guides are provided at the two points P1 and P2 on the arc locus C drawn by the rope contact points due to the inclination (two-direction inclination) of the drum arrangement plane A in plan view and rear view. The fleet angle of the rope 7 between the sheaves 8 and 9 is minimized.

Therefore, the entire hoisting angle range of the boom 2 (see FIG. 4)
In the above example, the positions of the two points P1 and P2, that is, the inclination angles X in two directions of the drum arrangement plane A, are set so that the change of the fleet angle becomes as small as possible through 0 ° to 80 °.
By setting Y, it is possible to keep the absolute value of the fleet angle small over the entire boom hoisting angle range.

Explaining a concrete example with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7, the boom angle when the rope contact reaches the intersection P1
12.01 °, boom angle degree of when it reaches the point of intersection P2 67.2 °
When the tilt angles X and Y of the winch drum 6 are set so that b) the boom angle is 0 ° and the maximum fleet angle θ is 1.82 °
(See Fig. 5) B) Maximum fleet angle θ is 1.3 ° at boom angle 12.01 ° (intersection point P1) (See Fig. 6) C) Maximum fleet angle is 1.82 ° at boom angle 40 ° (intermediate angle) (Fig. 7) ), D) When the boom angle is 67.2 ° (intersection point P2), the maximum fleet angle θ is 1.3 ° e) When the boom angle is 80 ° (maximum angle), the maximum fleet angle is 1.82 °, and the maximum fleet angle θ is the entire boom undulation angle range. Can be kept within 2 °, which is the legal standard value.

In the side views of FIGS.
Write as if the lean angle θ is an angle in side view.
This is the same as the side view of the angle in plan view.
It is also shown for convenience to show at this time, and this free
The triangle θ is an angle in a plan view.

[0052] Furthermore, alpha in FIGS. 5 to 7 show the maximum amount of axial displacement of the rope feeding point in the winch drum 6 at each boom angle state.

However, the above setting is an example, and the intersection point P
The boom angles of 1 and P2 can be variously changed other than the above.

Further, when work is performed only at a limited boom angle, or when there is a boom angle that is frequently used, the maximum fleet angle θ can be set to be the minimum at these boom angles.

By the way, although the main guide sheave 8 is provided so as to be horizontal in the boom horizontal state in the above-described embodiment, the sheave 8 is vertically provided in the boom horizontal state (the sheave shaft 8).
a).

On the other hand, in order to stably wind and unwind the hoisting rope 7 with respect to the winch drum 6, it is desirable to provide the auxiliary guide sheave 9 as in the above embodiment.
In the present invention, for example, when the winch drum 6 is installed at almost the same height as the boom foot pin 3, the rope 7 is directly guided from the winch drum 6 to the main guide sheave 8 without using the sheave 9. Can also be applied to.

[0057]

As described above, according to the present invention, the free
The support angle fulcrum almost includes two points on the arc locus.
To, Taka et al also is inclined in a rear view as well plan view of the winch drum, the position of the two points P1, P2 as the change in the fleet angle is as small as possible throughout the derricking angle range of the boom, that is two-way winch drum By setting the inclination angle of, the absolute value of the fleet angle can be suppressed to a small value.

Further, when work is performed only at a limited boom angle, or when there is a boom angle that is frequently used, the maximum fleet angle can be set to be the minimum at these boom angles.

Therefore, while taking the side drum type, it is possible to prevent occurrence of irregular winding of the hoisting rope on the winch drum, and to improve the life of the rope.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary rope guide means is interposed between the winch drum and the rope guide means, so that the hoisting rope can be stably wound around the winch drum, and from the drum. You can get out.

In this case, i) the invention of claim 4 in which the auxiliary rope guide sheave as the auxiliary rope guide means is rotatably provided around the sheave axis substantially parallel to the drum axis, and ii) the guide sheave is slid in the axial direction. By adopting the invention of claim 5 arranged freely, or by combining these inventions, more stable rope winding / unwinding action can be obtained, so that the effect of preventing irregular winding is further enhanced.

Further, according to the invention of claim 6 , wherein the rope contact to the auxiliary rope guide sheave is arranged so that the rope contact overlaps with the boom foot pin in a side view, and the rope length from the sheave to the tip of the sheave does not change due to the ups and downs of the boom. .

For this reason, the boom can be undulated while the hook suspended by the hoisting rope is stored and fixed at the boom tip.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a boom, a winch and the like showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged side view of a boom, a winch and the like in the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the boom angle state shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view of the boom and the like seen from both a plane and a side surface for explaining the relationship between the drum disposition plane and the boom undulation plane.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 for explaining the maximum fleet angle when the boom angle is 0 °.

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 for explaining the maximum fleet angle when the boom angle is 12.01 °.

FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 for explaining the maximum fleet angle when the boom angle is 40 °.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 swivel frame 2 boom 3 boom foot pins 4 boom point sheaves 5 winches 6 winch drum 7 winding rope 8 Main guide sheave (rope guide means) 9 Auxiliary guide sheave (auxiliary rope guide means) α Inclination angle of winch drum in plan view β Inclination angle of winch drum in rear view A Drum placement plane B Boom relief plane C The locus of an arc drawn by the rope contact on the boom undulation plane P1, P2 Two points on the arc locus

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B66C 1/00-23/94

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A boom is provided on a revolving frame of an upper revolving structure mounted on a lower traveling structure so as to be capable of undulating about a boom foot pin, and a winch drum is installed on a side of the boom in the revolving frame. , In a crane in which the hoisting rope pulled out from this winch drum is passed through a boom point sheave provided at the tip of the boom and is hung from the tip of the boom, on the upper surface of the boom in the collapsed state, rope guide means for guiding the hoisting ropes is provided a between the winch drum and boom point sheaves, and the winch drum, in a range satisfying the following condition, the ends of the boom side opposite than the end portion on the side inclined in plan view so as to be positioned boom proximally and position below the end of the end of the boom side opposite A crane characterized by being installed so as to be placed so as to be inclined from the rear view. Condition A flat plate that passes through the axial middle part of the drum shaft and is orthogonal to the drum shaft.
The drum arranging plane which is the surface is A, and the hoisting rope comes into contact with the rope guide means.
Rope contact as a fleet angle fulcrum
On the arc locus drawn on the boom undulation plane B by the undulation of
Two points are designated as P1 and P2, and the drum arrangement plane A substantially includes the two points P1 and P2.
thing. 2. The crane according to claim 1, wherein
As a guide means, the boom is horizontal
Crane, wherein the guide sheave is provided et the. 3. The crane according to claim 1 or 2.
Pulled out of the winch drum into the swivel frame
A hoisting rope is installed between the rope guide means and the winch.
A crane characterized in that an auxiliary rope guide means for guiding the upper surface of the crane is provided. 4. An auxiliary rope as an auxiliary rope guide means.
Substantially parallel around sheave shaft Pugaidoshibu is the drum axis
Claim, characterized in that rotatably mounted to 3, wherein
Crane. 5. The auxiliary rope guide sheave is opposed to the sheave shaft.
The crane according to claim 4, wherein the crane is supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction . 6. A hoisting rod for an auxiliary rope guide sheave
So that the contact point of the loop overlaps with the boom foot pin in side view.
Claim the sheave, characterized in that arranged in 4 also
Is the crane described in 5.