JP3430268B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device,
More specifically, the present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus that can perform at an appropriate pitch according to an accompaniment pattern or a chord type of a music to be played. [0002] The scale rhythm BACKGROUND ART music, there are various things, for example, in intonation (genuine rhythm), when determining the height (frequency) of each sound, a primary sound ( Key tone)
Is calculated and set to be a simple integer ratio with respect to the pitch of the sound . In this just intonation, the frequency ratio between each sound is equal.
Since there is no properly, subtle shift, such as during modulation is arising. In view of this point, equal temperament is one of the practical temperaments suitable for playing by equalizing the frequency ratio between the sounds . [0003] This equal temperament is commonly used in today 's performances, and according to this equal temperament, the frequency of each sound is defined by an exponential function as shown by the following equation. . [0004] Here, the frequency of a tone f is generated, f ₀ is <br/> reference frequency pitch A4, x is generated musical tone pitch (eg: C2 = 0)
It is. [0005] The conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus employs only the general equal temperament among various conventional tunings. [0006] The object of the invention is to be Solved However, the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus, one type of tuning only works with and was not <br/> Me, a scene that can not be the generation of appropriate playing and chords to the song Arising
There is a problem that that. That is, depending on the tune, it may not be possible to realize the atmosphere of the music without a different tuning, and it is not possible to perform an appropriate performance for the tune with only one type of tuning function. That is, since the equal temperament is originally a basic scale structure of Western music, the range
Arabic music, Japanese classical music, and some
Western music cannot perform properly. In addition, the automatic accompaniment device is adapted to tune only to equal temperament.
When it has a function , when it generates a single note,
Not much of a problem, but when to generate a chord, genuine
The harmony collapses compared to the law, generating harsh beats.
In other words, the condition of the consonance is that the frequency ratio of each pitch is represented by a simple integer ratio.
2: 3, major triad is 4: 5: 6. Therefore,
When the consonant condition is satisfied, the frequency ratio differs depending on the location even if the pitch has the same name (pitch difference) . However, according to equal temperament, the frequency of each sound
Number, Runode defined uniformly by the above equation, when composing a chord using this temperament, compared to just intonation, narrow 16cent in minor third, 14Cent widens in a major third. As a result, there has been a problem that the consonance collapses and an unpleasant beat sound is generated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of appropriately adjusting a tone according to the type of music or the content of a chord to play a harmonious and comfortable tone. And An automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of accompaniment patterns including at least pitch data.
Accompaniment pattern storage means for class storage, and the accompaniment pattern
Select one of the accompaniment patterns stored in the storage
Means for selecting and reading an accompaniment pattern,
Chord determining means for determining a root and a type of sound data;
The accompaniment pattern based on the judgment result of the chord judgment means;
Conversion means for converting pitch data read from the storage means
And the accompaniment pattern selected by the accompaniment pattern selection means.
Depending on the turn, change the value of the frequency corresponding to the pitch
Pitch changing mode selecting means for selecting a mode, and the conversion
Frequency value corresponding to the pitch data converted by the means,
The change mode selected by the pitch change mode selection means
By providing pitch adjustment means that changes according to
The above objective has been achieved. According to the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, the selected accompaniment is
Changes the value of the frequency corresponding to the pitch according to the playing pattern
And select the root of the input chord data.
Judge the sound and type, and based on the judgment result
The accompaniment pattern read from the accompaniment pattern storage means.
The pitch data of the turn is converted and this converted
The frequency value corresponding to the pitch data that has been selected.
It changes according to the mode of formation. As a result, pitch conversion and pitch shift are performed according to the accompaniment pattern and the type of chord ,
The pronunciation pitch can be changed to an appropriate one . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention. First, the configuration will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic accompaniment apparatus 1. The automatic accompaniment apparatus 1 includes a keyboard 2, a ROM (Read Only Me
mory) 3, RAM (Random Access Memory) 4, CPU
(Central Processing Unit) 5, a switch 6, a timer 7, a sound source 8, a D / A converter 9, a speaker 10, and the like. The ROM 3 stores programs as the automatic accompaniment device 1 and various system data.
2, a pitch shift ROM area for storing a type of accompaniment pattern and a pitch (frequency) shift amount with respect to a pitch from a root of a chord as shown in FIG. 2 is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 , a pattern ROM area for storing basic accompaniment pattern data is formed in the ROM 3 , and the basic accompaniment pattern (base pattern) is
As shown in FIG. 3 , a basic accompaniment pattern, for example,
SE indicating the pitch of each note in the accompaniment pattern for C major
It is composed of data of QON, SEQLN indicating note length, and SEQAT indicating actual sounding time.
Further, ROM 3 is a key depression results of the keyboard 2, the basic accompaniment pattern code tables and the pattern ROM for determining the type of a chord which is depressed, the depressed chord
It stores a constituent sound conversion table for converting to a constituent sound of the corresponding accompaniment pattern. The RAM 4 is used as a work memory, in which various counters and registers are formed, and a pitch shift data storage area (PS0-11) for storing pitch shift data read from the pitch shift ROM shown in FIG. ) Is formed. The switch 6 is a switch for determining various conditions of performance by the automatic accompaniment device 1, and is used particularly for selecting an accompaniment pattern. The keyboard 2 has a plurality of keys, for example, 16 keys, and is depressed to play an accompaniment. The CPU 5 scans the keyboard 2 and reads out tone information according to the key operation, in particular, chord tone information from the ROM 3 and outputs it to the sound source 8 so that the tone generator 8 generates a tone. Based on the setting of the switch 6 and the chord operated by the key on the keyboard 2, the pitch of the constituent tones of the chord is shifted as described later. The tone generator 8 generates a digital tone based on the tone information supplied from the CPU 5 and outputs it to a D / A converter 9. The D / A converter 9 converts the digital tone into an analog signal. Then, it is output to the outside via the speaker 10. Next, the operation will be described. When the accompaniment pattern is selected by the switch 6 and a chord is played by the keyboard 2, the automatic accompaniment apparatus 1 converts the accompaniment pattern selection information from the switch 6 and the information of the chord pressed on the keyboard 2 into information . Accordingly, the tone information of the corresponding accompaniment pattern is read from the ROM 3, the pitch of the tone information of the accompaniment pattern is converted, and the converted tone is converted.
The pitch corresponding to the height is shifted and supplied to the sound source 8 to generate a musical tone, which is output as a harmonious and comfortable musical tone. Hereinafter, this operation will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, when the power is turned on, the automatic accompaniment apparatus 1 first performs an initialization process (step S1), and initializes various registers and counters. Next, the switch SEQ6 is scanned to select an accompaniment pattern according to the setting state of the switch 6, and to store the pattern number of the corresponding accompaniment pattern in the register SEQP.
It is stored in AGE (step S2). That is, a pattern number is assigned to each accompaniment pattern, and this pattern number is stored in the register SEQPAGE. Next, based on the pattern number stored in the register SEQPAGE, the pitch shift R
Read the set of pitch shift data from OM,
Writing to PSO-11 of RAM 4 (step S3)
A register I for storing a pointer indicating the position of a key provided on the keyboard 2 is set to "0", and a register for storing a pointer indicating an order for sequentially taking in a depressed key as a key constituting a chord. J is set to "1" (step S4). Then, it is checked whether or not the register KEY (I) for detecting a key pressed keyboard is "1", that is, whether or not a key is pressed (step S5). If not, the flow shifts to step S8. Then, it is checked whether the value of the register I has exceeded the number of keys (I> 16) (step S8). Now, when I = 0, register KEY
(I) is, the lowest pitch of the keys of the keyboard 2 (for example, C2)
Is displayed, and the register KEY (I) = 1 indicates that the key C2 is depressed. If the determination in step S8 is NO, the register I is incremented by "1" (step S9), and the process returns to step S5 to perform the same processing on the incremented register I. If the determination in step S5 is YES, the value of the register I, that is, the depressed key No. is stored in the register KEYREG (J) for storing the accompaniment key information (step S6).
The value of the register J is incremented by "1" (step S7), and it is checked whether the value of the register I has exceeded "16" (step S8). If the determination in step S8 is NO, the register I is incremented, the process returns to step S5, and the same processing is repeated. That is, steps S5 to S9
By sequentially repeatedly processing, to check whether it has been sequentially depressed key from the lower of the pitch for each key of the keyboard 2, when the depressed key is found, the key No., storing the accompaniment key information Stored in the register KEYREG (J). And this register KEYREG (J)
To store the key No. of 4 Tsunooto high constituting the chord 4
Each time a pressed key is detected, the key No. is sequentially stored in the register KEYREG (J). Then, it is checked whether or not all keys have been depressed. If the judgment in step S8 is YES, the register I is set to "1" (step S1).
0), the value of the register KEYREG (1) is subtracted from the value of the register KEYREG (I + 1), and the result of the subtraction (KEYREG (I + 1) −KEYREG (1)) is stored in the register KEYONTEI (I) (step S).
11). Next, it is checked whether the value of the register I has become "3" (step S12). If NO, the value of the register I is incremented by "1" (step S13), and the process returns to step S11. Then, the value of the register KEYREG (1) is subtracted from the similarly incremented value of the register KEYREG (I + 1), and the subtraction result is stored in the register KEYONTEI (I). That is, from step S11 to step S11
By performing successively repeating the process of 13, among the depressed key, the lowest pitch of the keyboard No. stored in the register KEYREG (1), sequentially, the next lower pitch <br/> of The key No. is subtracted, and the result of the subtraction, that is, the pitch, is stored in the register KEYONTEI (I). If the determination in step S12 is YES, a code judge is performed (step S14). That is, the chord type (chord configuration) of the depressed chord is determined by the chord table stored in the ROM 3 from the data of the pitches obtained by the processing of steps S11 to S13. . When the chord type of the depressed chord is determined,
The determined chord root data and chord type data are stored in the register CHORDCODE (step S1).
5). The code data stored in the register CHORDCODE is composed of 8 bits, the upper 4 bits being root data and the lower 4 bits being code type data. The upper 4 bits of the code data are stored in a register CCH described later, and the lower 4 bits are stored in a register CCL. Next, the data of the first note of the accompaniment pattern is read from the address SEQADR of the pattern ROM shown in FIG. 3 and stored in the register BASEON (step S16). Now, the address SEQADR of the pattern ROM contains the SE of the note of the accompaniment pattern.
QON data, that is, pitch data is stored, and this SEQON data is read out and stored in the register BA.
Store in SEO. Next, moving to the processing of FIG.
QADR is incremented (step S17), and the incremented address SEQADR of the pattern ROM is incremented.
From the register BAS
It is stored in ELN (step S18). Now, the address of the pattern ROM is incremented, and the incremented address includes, as can be seen from FIG.
It stores the SEQLN data of the notes of the accompaniment pattern, that is, the note length data, and reads out the SEQLN data and stores it in the register BASELN. Next, the address SEQADR is incremented (step S19), and the accompaniment pattern data is read from the incremented address SEQADR in the pattern ROM and stored in the register BASEAT (step S20). Now, the address of the pattern ROM is
As shown in FIG. 3, the incremented and incremented address stores the SEQAT data of the musical note of the accompaniment pattern, that is, the articulation (actual sounding time) data.
This SEQAT data is read, and the register BASE is read.
Store in AT. Then, using the constituent sound conversion table stored in the ROM 3, the pitch of the accompaniment pattern (register
Register value in the register CHORDCOD
The pitch is converted to a pitch corresponding to the chord stored in E (step S21). That is, the pattern R of the ROM 3
As described above, since the OM stores only the basic accompaniment pattern, for example, the accompaniment pattern for C major , the OM converts this accompaniment pattern into a corresponding pitch based on the detected chord. Next, of the code data stored in the register CHORDCODE, only the pitch corresponding to the root note data stored in the register CCH is subtracted from the value of the register BASEON, and the subtraction result (BASEON-C
CH) is stored in the register JUNSEION (step S22). That is, the register JUNSEION stores data indicating how many semitones of the converted pitch of the accompaniment pattern are above the root note. Next, it is checked whether the value of the register JUNSEION is smaller than "12" (step S2).
3) If the value of the register JUNSEION is equal to or more than "12", that is, if there is a difference of one or more octaves, "12" is subtracted from the value of the register JUNSEION and converted to a pitch in the same octave range, Register JUNSEI
The value of ON is set to a value smaller than "12" (step S24). Then, using the value of the register JUNSEION smaller than "12" as an address, the pitch shift amount shown in FIG.
(Step S25). That is, register J
The pitch from the root note is stored in UNSEION. Based on this pitch, the pitch shift data written in the PSO-11 of the RAM 4 is read out and stored in the pitch shift register PS. For example, in FIG. 2, the accompaniment pattern is Waltz, and the pitch from the root note is “1”.
In this case, the pitch shift data is "-13", and this data is stored in the pitch shift register PS. The pitch of the musical tone is shifted by the value of the pitch shift register PS to cause the tone generator 8 to generate a tone (step S).
26) After waiting for the timing pulse TPULSE (step S27), the values of the registers BASEN and BASEAT are decremented (step S28). It is checked whether or not the decremented register BASEAT is "0" (step S29). If the register BASEAT has not become "0", it is determined that sound generation has not yet been completed, and the process returns to step S27. Each time the timing pulse TPULSE is input, the values of the registers BASEN and BASEAT are decremented (step S28). Thereafter, in step S29, the register BA
When the SEAT becomes "0", it is determined that the sound generation has ended, the sound source 8 is instructed to mute, and the sound generation processing is stopped (step S30). Next, the value of the register BASELN is "0".
It is checked whether or not (step S31) the register BA
If SELN is not "0", it is determined that the time has not elapsed by the note length of the note, and the control waits for a timing pulse (step S32). When the timing pulse is input, the register BASELN is decremented (step S33), and the process returns to step S31.
Check whether the register BASELN is “0”. Then, in step S31, the register BAS
When ELN becomes "0", it is checked whether the MSB (most significant bit) of the pitch data stored in the register BASEON is "1", that is, whether it is the last data (step S34), and the most significant bit of the register BASEON is checked. Is not "1", it is not the last data, and therefore the address SEQADR is incremented (step S35), and the process returns to step S5. Thereafter, similarly from step S5, the keyboard 2
Scanning a, the key No., which is depressed by sequentially 4 key content from the lower of the pitch for the keys of the keyboard 2, sequentially stores the register KEYREG (J) for storing accompaniment key information (step S5~ Step S9). Then, register I is set to “1”.
(Step S10), and register KEYRE
The value of the register KEYREG (1) is subtracted from the value of G (I + 1) to determine the chord type (steps S10 to S15), and the address SEQADR is sequentially read from the accompaniment pattern ROM from the incremented address SEQADR in the same manner as described above. The accompaniment pattern data is read out while incrementing, and stored in the registers BASEON, BASELN and BASEAT (steps S15 to S20). The pitches of the constituent sounds of the read pattern data are converted by the constituent sound conversion table (step S21), and the pitch is further shifted to generate sounds (steps S22 to S26). When the sound generation is completed (steps S27 to S33). ),
M of pitch data stored in register BASEON
It is checked whether the SB (most significant bit) is "1", that is, whether it is the last data (step S34). If the most significant bit of the register BASEON is not "1", it is not the last data. S
Increment EQADR (step S35),
It returns to step S5. When the chord type based on the newly acquired key No. in the processing of steps S5 to S9 is different , the data similarly read from the accompaniment pattern ROM is processed based on the new chord type. As described above, the chord data input from the keyboard 2 is analyzed into root sounds and chord types, and the pitch (periphery) of each of the accompaniment sounds is determined according to the type of the selected accompaniment pattern.
Selecting a mode of variation for changing the wave number). Then, according to the analysis result, the pitch data read from the accompaniment pattern ROM is converted to correspond to the converted pitch data.
The pitch of, since to be shifted based on the variant of the selected pitch, depending on the type of accompaniment patterns and chord, can change the sound pitch, depending on the content of the song, a suitable sound it can be played in height. According to the present invention, the selected accompaniment pattern
The state in which the value of the frequency corresponding to the pitch is changed according to the pitch
Select the chord, and the root and type of chord data to be input
Is determined, and based on the result of the determination, the accompaniment
Sound of the selected accompaniment pattern read from the turn storage means
The high pitch data is converted, and the converted pitch data is converted.
Frequency values corresponding to the selected variation.
Since the change to Flip, depending on the type of accompaniment patterns and chords, perform the pitch conversion and pitch shift, apply the pronunciation pitch
It can be changed to the switching ones. As a result, it is possible to appropriately cope with the performance of a music piece that does not use the Western scale, and it is possible to prevent the generation of unpleasant beats between the chord components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of an automatic accompaniment device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view showing types of accompaniment patterns stored in a ROM of FIG. 1 and pitch shift amount data with respect to a pitch difference from a root of a chord; FIG. 3 is a memory map of an accompaniment pattern formed in the ROM of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an automatic accompaniment process. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing processing subsequent to the automatic accompaniment processing of FIG. 4; [Description of Signs] 1 automatic accompaniment device 2 keyboard 3 ROM 4 RAM 5 CPU 6 switch 7 timer 8 sound source 9 D / A converter 10 speaker

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] An accompaniment putter including at least pitch data
Accompaniment pattern storage means for storing a plurality of patterns , and accompaniment patterns stored in the accompaniment pattern storage means
Accompaniment pattern selection means for selecting and reading one of the
And chord determination to determine the root and type of the input chord data
Means, and the accompaniment pattern based on the determination result of the chord determination means.
To convert the pitch data read from the tone storage means.
Replacement means and the accompaniment pattern selected by the accompaniment pattern selection means
In which the value of the frequency corresponding to the pitch is changed according to
Pitch change mode selection means for selecting the pitch, and a frequency corresponding to the pitch data converted by the conversion means.
The numerical value is changed by the pitch selected by the pitch change mode selecting means.
An automatic accompaniment device, comprising: a pitch adjusting unit that changes in accordance with the mode of operation .