JP3423207B2 - Heat exchanger coil structure - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger used for an air conditioner, and more particularly to a coil structure of the heat exchanger. 2. Description of the Related Art As a heat exchanger used in a conventional air conditioner, a fin-tube heat exchanger is used. The fin-tube heat exchanger is composed of a large number of plate-shaped fins and a large number of circular pipe groups penetrating the plate-like fins, and heat exchange between a liquid flowing in the circular pipe and a gas flowing between the fins outside the circular pipe. Exchange is taking place. In a fin tube heat exchanger in which a liquid and a gas for heat exchange flow in a cross flow, each straight tube is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow direction and parallel to the horizontal direction. A plurality of tubes arranged in a line in the vertical direction are arranged in a row, and a plurality of tubes arranged in a line in the gas flow direction are arranged in a row, and a plurality of tubes are arranged in a staggered manner. ing. Each tube forms a path (flow path) through which a heat medium (liquid) flows, and the tubes are connected to each other by a vent tube to form a circuit (circuit).
Are formed, and each circuit forms a coil by connecting both ends of the circuit with a heating medium inlet header and a heating medium outlet header. There are two types of coils: counter flow type and parallel flow type. In the counter flow, the liquid flows from a path located on the downstream side in a flow direction of air to a path located on the upstream side, and the liquid flowing macroscopically in the circuit flows in a direction opposite to the air flow. In the parallel flow, the liquid flows from the path located on the upstream side to the path located on the downstream side in the air flow direction, and the liquid flowing through the circuit macroscopically flows in the forward direction of the air flow. In the heat exchanger, a coil is formed by changing the total number of tubes, the number of tube rows, the number of tube stages, the number of circuits, and the number of passes in one circuit in accordance with required heat exchange performance. The form is shown, for example, in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 17 and 18, the coil 1 has a plurality of tubes 2 arranged in 24 stages and four rows, and the tubes 2 adjacent in the flow direction of the air flow are arranged in a zigzag lattice with different positions in the vertical direction. Twelve circuits formed by connecting the tubes 2 with the vent tubes 3 are arranged between the heat medium inlet header 4 and the heat medium outlet header 5, and have a coil structure of 12 circuits and 8 paths. . [0007] There are various coil structures depending on the connection form of the tubes 2 constituting each circuit. FIG. 17A shows a complete counter flow type, in which the heat medium flowing through the coil while flowing between the heat medium inlet header 4 and the heat medium outlet header 5 is air once. Does not move downstream in the flow direction. In this configuration, there is a pool portion a in the middle of the circuit where the tube 2 forming the upstream path in the flow of the heat medium flow is located below the tube 2 forming the downstream path. For this reason, when the heat medium in the coil is drained during maintenance or the like, the heat medium remains in the pool part a and cannot be completely drained. When the heat medium is re-flowed, the heat medium remains in the pool part a. The remaining liquid hinders ventilation in the circuit, forms a portion b that cannot be evacuated, and complete evacuation cannot be performed. FIG. 17 (b) partially has a parallel flow portion c, in which the heat medium moves alternately between the upstream side and the downstream side in the air flow direction. In this configuration, although water can be drained and exhausted, there is a problem that the heat exchange performance is inferior to that of the complete counter flow due to the presence of a parallel flow portion in a part. In particular, in a configuration in which the number of tubes 2 is three or more, complete drainage and exhaust can be performed, and in order to provide a heat exchanger with as few parallel flows as possible, a plurality of vent tubes 3 must be complicated. They had to be placed and were very difficult to make. Further, as shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, when the number of circuits is small, the parallel flow portion c increases, the counter flow and the parallel flow are halved, and the rate of decrease in heat exchange performance is reduced. Had the problem of becoming larger. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described problems. In a configuration in which tubes are arranged in a staggered pattern, a parallel flow portion is eliminated, a heat medium flows in a state close to a complete counterflow, and complete drainage and complete drainage are performed. An object of the present invention is to provide a coil structure of a heat exchanger that can perform exhaust. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a coil structure of a heat exchanger according to the present invention comprises a plurality of straight-tubes forming a path through which a heat medium flows. In the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas to be exchanged, and arranged in parallel to the horizontal direction, a plurality of tube groups arranged in a row in the vertical direction were arranged in a row, and arranged along the flow direction of the gas. A circuit is formed by arranging a plurality of tube groups as tiers, arranging tubes in each tier in a staggered pattern with different vertical positions between adjacent rows, and connecting each tube with a vent tube. and, each circuit comprising constitutes a coil connected to the heating medium inlet header and the heat medium outlet header at both end portions, in each circuit, the flow of the heat medium
In the gas flow direction
In the lowest row of the circuit and at the lowest level in the circuit
The most downstream tube in the flow direction of the heat medium is
The most upstream row in the gas flow direction and the
The uppermost tube and the lowermost tube
Tubes placed between the heat transfer media
Higher in the same row with respect to the upstream tube
In the same stage, in the upstream row in the gas flow direction.
And the upstream stage in the gas flow direction in the upper stage
And the heating medium inlet header and
Heat medium flows from bottom to top at the heat medium outlet header
It is the structure which was carried out. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each case, a plate-like fin through which the tube passes is omitted. 1 and 2, a coil 11 constituting a heat exchanger is formed by connecting a plurality of straight body tubes 12 forming a path through which a heat medium flows with a vent tube 13 to form a circuit. It is connected to the heat medium inlet header 14 and the heat medium outlet header 15 at the ends. Each tube 12 has a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas to be heat-exchanged (indicated by arrow Air in FIG. 2).
And they are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. In addition, each tube 12 has a plurality of tube groups arranged in a row in the vertical direction as rows, and a plurality of tube groups arranged along the flow direction of the gas Air to be heat-exchanged as rows. Are arranged in a zigzag pattern with different vertical positions between adjacent rows, and each tube 12 has the same pitch in the row direction.
The pitch between rows is the same, and a coil structure of 24 steps, 4 rows, 12 circuits, and 8 paths is formed. In each circuit, the tube 12 into which the heat medium flows first after being branched and branched from the heat medium inlet header 14 is located at the lowest stage and the most downstream of the gas Air.
Last tube 12 joining heat medium outlet header 15
Is located at the uppermost stage and at the uppermost stream of the gas Air. In each circuit, the tube 12 on the downstream side with respect to the tube 12 on the upstream side in the flow direction of the heat medium is located in the upper stage in the same row, or the tube in the same stage is located upstream in the flow direction of the gas Air. In the upper row or in the upper row in the flow direction of the gas Air in the upper stage. With this configuration, there is no parallel flow portion in each circuit, and the heat medium in each circuit macroscopically flows in a complete counterflow that flows in the completely opposite direction to the gas flow direction. Heat exchange efficiency can be realized. Moreover, while the heat medium flows from the heat medium inlet header 14 to the heat medium outlet header 15, the heat medium always flows from the lower position in the vertical direction to the upper position, and does not flow downward once. Conversely, in maintenance or the like, the heat medium in the circuit can be completely drained without stagnation, and the air in the circuit can be completely exhausted at the time of restart. The tubes 12 are arranged at the same pitch in the row direction, and the tubes 12 constituting the circuit are connected by at most three types of vent tubes 13 with the same pitch between the rows. Coils with the same number of rows and stages to be arranged (provided that the total number of tubes can be divided by an integer)
, The number of circuits, the number of passes, the vent tube 13
Can be configured with a plurality of types of coil structures having different arrangements and the like, and heat exchange coils optimal for various heat exchange performances can be formed with the minimum material. FIGS. 3 to 16 show various circuit configurations in coils having different numbers of rows and stages, tubes, and paths in which the tubes 12 are arranged. FIG. 3 (a)
Shows a three-circuit, 24-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 3-row tube arrangement. FIG. 3B shows a coil structure of 6 circuits and 12 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 3 rows. FIG. 3 (c) shows a 9-circuit, 8-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 3-row tube arrangement. FIG. 4A shows a coil structure of 12 circuits and 6 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 3 rows. FIG. 4B shows an 18-circuit, 4-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 3-row tube arrangement. FIG. 4C shows a 36-circuit, 2-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 4-row tube arrangement. FIG. 5A shows a coil structure of 4 circuits and 24 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 4 rows. FIG. 5B shows a coil structure of 8 circuits and 12 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 4 rows. FIG. 5C shows a coil structure of 12 circuits and 8 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 4 rows. FIG. 6 (a) shows a 16-circuit, 6-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 4-row tube arrangement. FIG. 6B shows a coil structure of 24 circuits and 4 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 4 rows. FIG. 6C shows a 48-circuit, 2-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 4-row tube arrangement. FIG. 7A shows a coil structure of 5 circuits and 24 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 5 rows. FIG. 7B shows a coil structure of 10 circuits and 12 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 5 rows. FIG. 7C shows a coil structure of 15 circuits and 8 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 5 rows. FIG. 8 (a) shows a coil structure of 20 circuits and 6 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 5 rows. FIG. 8B shows a coil structure of 30 circuits and 4 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 5 rows. FIG. 8C shows a 60-circuit, 2-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 5-row tube arrangement. FIG. 9A shows a coil structure of 6 circuits and 24 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 6 rows. FIG. 9B shows a coil structure of 12 circuits and 12 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 6 rows. FIG. 9C shows a coil structure of 18 circuits and 8 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 6 rows. FIG. 10A shows a coil structure of 24 circuits and 6 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 6 rows. FIG. 10B shows a 36-circuit, 4-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 6-row tube arrangement. FIG. 10C shows a 72-circuit, 2-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 6-row tube arrangement. FIG. 11A shows an eight-circuit, 24-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 8-row tube arrangement. FIG. 11 (b) shows a coil structure of 16 circuits and 12 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 8 rows. FIG. 11C shows a 24-circuit, 8-path coil structure in a 24-stage, 8-row tube arrangement. FIG. 12 (a) shows a coil structure of 32 circuits and 6 paths in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 8 rows. FIG. 12B shows a coil structure of 32 circuits and 4 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 8 rows. FIG. 13A shows a 2-circuit, 24-pass coil structure in a 24-stage, 2-row tube arrangement. FIG. 13B shows a coil structure of 4 circuits and 12 passes in a 24-stage, 2-row tube arrangement. FIG. 13C shows a coil structure of 6 circuits and 8 paths in a 24-stage, 2-row tube arrangement. FIG. 14A shows an eight-circuit, six-pass coil structure in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and two rows. FIG. 14B shows a coil structure of 12 circuits and 4 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 rows and 2 rows. FIG. 14C shows a coil structure of 24 circuits and 2 passes in a tube arrangement of 24 stages and 2 rows. FIG. 15A shows an eight-circuit, four-pass coil structure in a 16-stage, 2-row tube arrangement. FIG. 15B shows a coil structure of six circuits and eight paths in a tube arrangement of 16 stages and three rows. FIG. 15 (c) shows an eight-circuit, eight-pass coil structure in a 16-stage, 4-row tube arrangement. FIG. 15D shows a coil structure of 10 circuits and 8 paths in a tube arrangement of 16 stages and 5 rows. FIG. 16A shows a coil structure of 12 circuits and 8 paths in a tube arrangement of 16 rows and 6 rows. FIG. 16B shows a 16-circuit, 8-pass coil structure in a 16-stage, 8-row tube arrangement. As described above, according to the present invention, the tubes in each stage are arranged in a zigzag pattern in which the positions in the vertical direction are different between adjacent rows. The tube on the downstream side with respect to the tube on the upstream side in the flow direction of the
In the same stage is located in the upstream row in the gas flow direction,
Alternatively, by arranging the heat medium in the upper row in the upstream row in the gas flow direction, the heat medium can flow with complete counter flow, and complete drainage and exhaust can be performed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a coil structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a coil structure according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 4A to 4C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 5A to 5C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. 6 (a) to 6 (c) are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 7A to 7C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. 8 (a) to 8 (c) are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 9A to 9C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 11A to 11C are schematic diagrams showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. 12 (a) and 12 (b) are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure in another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 13A to 13C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 14A to 14C are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 15A to 15D are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 16 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams each showing a coil structure in another embodiment of the present invention. 17 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams each showing a conventional coil structure. 18 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams each showing a conventional coil structure. [Description of Signs] 11 Coil 12 Tube 13 Vent tube 14 Heat medium inlet header 15 Heat medium outlet header

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshihisa Shimizu 28, Hirade Industrial Park, Utsunomiya City, Tochigi Prefecture Inside the Kubota Train Co., Ltd. Tochigi Plant (56) References JP-A-63-161330 (JP, A) 55-162776 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 60-182676 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F28F 1/00 F28D 1/047 F28F 1/32 F28F 3 / 00 F24F 5/00 101

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A plurality of straight-tubes forming a path through which a heat medium flows are directed in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas to be heat-exchanged and in a horizontal direction. A plurality of tube groups arranged in a row in the vertical direction are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of tube groups arranged along the flow direction of the gas are arranged as a stage, and the tubes in each stage are adjacent to each other. A circuit is formed by arranging the tubes in a staggered pattern with different vertical positions between the rows, connecting the tubes to each other with vent tubes, and forming each circuit at both ends of the heat medium inlet header and the heat medium outlet header. connect a constitutes a coil, in each circuit, the top in the flow direction of the heat medium
The flow tube is the lowest row in the gas flow direction,
Located at the lowest level of the circuit
Tube at the most downstream in the gas flow direction.
Located in the upper row and at the highest level in the circuit,
A tube placed between the most upstream tube and the most downstream tube
The tube is an upstream tube in the heat medium flow direction.
Of the same row,
The upstream row in the gas flow direction and the upper row
Located in the upstream row in the gas flow direction
A heat medium inlet header and a heat medium outlet header
Wherein the heat medium flows upward from below .