JP3413286B2 - Water repellent glass and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-repellent glass which is excellent in durability and abrasion resistance as well as water and oil repellency and a method for producing the same, and is used for vehicles, ships, aircraft, construction, etc. It is useful for window glass and mirrors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to impart water and oil repellency to a base material such as glass or resin, an attempt is made to apply a coating agent containing a fluoroalkyl group-containing compound, dimethylsiloxane, or a fluororesin on the surface of the base material. Has been done. However, simply applying these treatment agents has a weak bonding force with the surface of the base material, and cannot provide sufficient weather resistance or abrasion resistance, and it is difficult to maintain water repellency for a long time. It was

Hitherto, polyfluoroalkyl groups (Rf) have been used to impart water and oil repellency to materials such as glass.
Various applications using a silane compound containing a group) and a diluent such as alcohol have been filed. For example, there are JP-A-58-122979, JP-A-58-129082, JP-A-58-172245, JP-A-5-345641 and the like.

Further, for example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-90345, a tin oxide layer doped with tin oxide or antimony is formed as a high refractive index dielectric layer on a transparent substrate such as glass, and then a fluorine compound is applied thereon. A transparent molded article that exhibits water repellency by providing a low-refractive index layer containing the same is described, and a mixed liquid of a fluoroalkyl group-containing compound, a silicon compound, an alcohol, and an acid is used as a treatment agent for forming the low-refractive index layer. Have been disclosed.

Further, for example, in JP-A-58-167448, a thin film having a thickness of 1 μm or less, which is composed of a silane compound containing a polyfluoroalkyl group or a partial hydrolysis-condensation product of the compound, is formed on a glass surface. , A low-reflectance glass having low reflectance and water and oil repellency without impairing transparency and the like.

However, in the water / oil repellent treatment using such a conventional treating agent, the bonding force of the water / oil repellent group introduced on the surface of the base material is weak, so that the durability / weathering resistance is relatively low. There is a problem that the water repellency deteriorates in a short time, and the water repellency cannot be maintained for a long time.

Further, there is a glass coated with Teflon which has excellent weather resistance, but there is a problem that the film is soft and easily scratched, and the transparency is immediately deteriorated.
Further, for example, JP-A-60-231442 discloses a water-repellent coating film comprising both a polymer of an organosilicon compound having a siloxane bond as an adhesive component and a polymer of a fluorine compound as a water-repellent component on a glass substrate. Although the formed water-repellent treated glass is described, it has a problem that it is easily scratched because the surface has a structure containing all or a relatively large amount of the water-repellent component polymer.

Further, for example, JP-A-3-153859 describes a surface-modified plastic in which a metal oxide layer is formed on a plastic substrate and a metal oxide layer and a composite layer of fluororesin are laminated on the metal oxide layer. However, there is a problem that the adhesion is not always satisfactory because the substrate is plastic.

Further, for example, JP-A-5-51238 discloses a water-repellent glass having a water-repellent layer comprising a metal oxide phase and water-repellent fine particles dispersed in the metal oxide phase on a glass substrate. Although described, there is a problem in that the structure in which the fine particles are evenly dispersed in the film is easily scratched.

Further, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-160039,
Provide a metal oxide film on the glass surface, and further on the surface,
Although it is described that water repellency is imparted by implanting ions of Sn and Sb elements, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient initial contact angle and the ions are gradually oxidized after implantation, resulting in long water repellency. There was a problem that it could not be sustained.

Further, as an example in which a base layer and a water repellent layer are provided on the surface of a base material, for example, in JP-A-2-311332, a metal oxide layer such as SiO ₂ is formed on the surface of a glass base material. A method for producing a water-repellent glass in which a silylated water-repellent layer such as an alkoxysilane compound and a fluoroalkylsilane compound is provided is described, and JP-A-5-238781 discloses a silica base layer on the surface of a glass substrate, and There is described, for example, a glass article having a durable water repellent surface treated with perfluoroalkyl or alkylsilane. In these cases, deterioration of water repellency and minute scratches may be slightly caused in long-term durability and abrasion resistance in a harsh environment, which is not necessarily sufficient.

Further, as an example in which an uneven base layer is provided on the surface of the substrate and a water repellent layer is provided thereon, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 124047/1991, a metal oxide film is formed on the glass surface. Describes a water repellent treatment method for a glass surface in which unevenness is provided by etching and a water repellent treatment agent such as fluorosilicone having a polyfluoroalkyl group is coated thereon, and JP-A-6-116430 discloses the method. Is a small unevenness (roughness of 0.01
~ 0.3 μm) (plasma discharge treatment) formed inorganic hard film such as SiO ₂ and a chemically adsorbed monomolecular film containing fluorine formed on it through a siloxane bond. Have been done. In all of these, the uneven treatment is complicated, and the uneven shape is also different from the expected one, and it is sufficient to maintain long-term durability of water repellency and abrasion resistance especially in more severe environments. In some cases, the water repellency could be deteriorated and minute scratches might be slightly formed, which was not always satisfactory.

[0013]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its object is to provide excellent adhesion, weather resistance and hardness, and water repellency in a particularly severe environment. A water-repellent glass that can maintain long-term durability and abrasion resistance and its manufacturing method are specified. It is to provide by doing.

[0014]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and tin oxide particles containing at least 0.1 to 20% by weight of fluoroalkylsilane and antimony oxide as a dopant. 0.04 to 2% by weight,
A mixed solution of 0.03 to 2% by weight of a silicon compound, 0.005 to 15% by weight of water and an organic solvent, and an acid of 5 × 10 ^-4 mol to 2 × 10 ^-2 per mol of fluoroalkylsilane.
A specific water- and oil-repellent liquid added so that the amount becomes mol is coated with an oxide solution or a mixed oxide solution, and even after firing at 550 to 650 ° C, the micropit-like surface layer, uneven surface layer, convex surface An oxide film or a mixed oxide thin film having at least one surface layer shape among the surface layers is applied onto the underlying layer of a glass substrate provided as an underlying layer, and then,
The above object can be achieved by baking at 100 to 400 ° C.

The present invention also provides a glass substrate and at least one of a micropit-like surface layer, a concavo-convex surface layer and a convex surface layer in a state in which a film is formed on the surface of the substrate without surface treatment.
An underlayer composed of an oxide thin film or a mixed oxide thin film having at least one kind of surface layer, and at least 0.1 to 20% by weight of fluoroalkylsilane and tin oxide containing antimony oxide as a dopant on the underlayer. Particle 0.04 to 2% by weight
And silicon compound 0.03 to 2% by weight and water 0.005 to 15
An acid is added to a mixed solution consisting of wt% and an organic solvent in an amount of 5 × 10 ^-4 mol to 2 × 10 ^-2 per mol of fluoroalkylsilane.
A water-repellent glass comprising a water-repellent layer which is a thin film formed by coating a water-repellent and oil-repellent liquid added so as to be mol.

The present invention also relates to a glass substrate, and an oxide thin film or a mixture having a surface shape of at least one of the above-mentioned micropit-like surface layer, uneven surface layer and convex surface layer on the surface of the glass substrate. The micropits and / or irregularities or / and convexities in the oxide thin film are
R _max (maximum height) = 5 to 60 nm, R _a (center line average roughness) = 2 to 20 nm, R _z (10-point average roughness) = 5 to 55 nm, S
_m (average interval of irregularities) = 5 to 700 nm, the underlayer having a film thickness of 10 to 300 nm, and a thin film which is a thin film formed by applying the water- and oil-repellent liquid on the underlayer. A water repellent glass comprising a water layer.

The present invention also relates to a glass substrate, and an oxide thin film or a mixture thereof on the surface of the substrate, which has at least one kind of surface layer shape among the micropit-like surface layer, the uneven surface layer and the convex surface layer. The micropits and / or irregularities or / and convexities in the oxide thin film are
An underlayer having skewness (skewness) = 0 to> 0 and kurtosis (kurtosis) = 3 to> 3, and a thin film formed by coating the water- and oil-repellent liquid on the underlayer. And a water-repellent layer which is

The present invention also relates to a glass substrate and an oxide thin film or a mixture thereof on the surface of the glass substrate, which has at least one kind of surface layer shape among the micropit-like surface layer, the uneven surface layer and the convex surface layer. The micropits and / or irregularities or / and convexities in the oxide thin film are
R _max (maximum height) = 5 to 60 nm, R _a (center line average roughness) = 2 to 20 nm, R _z (10-point average roughness) = 5 to 55 nm, S
an underlayer consisting of _m (average interval of irregularities) = 5 to 700 nm, and skewness (skewness) = 0 to> 0 and kurtosis (kurtosis) = 3 to>3; Provided is a water-repellent glass comprising a water-repellent layer which is a thin film formed by coating the above-mentioned water- and oil-repellent liquid on a base layer.

In the present invention, the water / oil repellent liquid described above has an average film thickness of 10 to 300 nm, and R _max (maximum height) =
5-60nm, _Ra (center line average roughness) = 2-20nm, R
Micropits with _z (10-point average roughness) = 5 to 55 nm, S _m (average spacing of irregularities) = 5 to 700 nm, and / or micropit-like surface layers having irregularities or / and convexity, irregular surface layers, convexity The above-mentioned oxide film or mixed oxide thin film composed of at least one of the surface layers is coated on the underlayer of the glass substrate provided as the underlayer, and then 10
Provided is a method for producing a water-repellent glass, which comprises baking at 0 to 400 ° C.

Further, according to the present invention, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid described above is added to the skewness (skewness) = 0 to> 0 and the kurtosis (kurtosis)
= 3 to> 3 micropits or / and unevenness / and / or convex micropit-like surface layer, unevenness-like surface layer, convex surface layer or at least one kind of the above oxide film or mixed oxide thin film It is applied on the underlying layer of the glass substrate provided as a ground layer, and then at 100-400 ° C.
A method for producing a water-repellent glass is provided, which is characterized by baking with.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned water / oil repellent liquid has an average film thickness of 10 to 300 nm, and R _max (maximum height) =
5-60nm, _Ra (center line average roughness) = 2-20nm, R
_z (10-point average roughness) = 5 to 55 nm, S _m (average interval of irregularities) = 5 to 700 nm, and skewness (skewness)
= 0 to> 0, Kurtosis (kurtosis) = 3 to> 3, and at least one or more of micropits or / and irregularities or / and convex micropit-like surface layers, irregular surface layers, and convex surface layers. The present invention provides a method for producing water-repellent glass, which comprises coating the above oxide film or mixed oxide thin film on an underlayer of a glass substrate provided as an underlayer, and then baking at 100 to 400 ° C.

Here, as the glass substrate, a commercially available soda lime glass which is an inorganic transparent plate glass and is used for vehicles, ships, aircraft, construction, etc. can be adopted, and it is colorless or colored. , And its type, color tone, shape, etc. are not particularly limited, and can be used not only as bent plate glass, but also as various tempered glass, strength-up glass, flat plate or single plate, double-layer glass or laminated glass, It goes without saying that it can also be used as mirror glass.

The oxide film as the above-mentioned underlayer may be prepared by any method. For example, at least one compound selected from metal alkoxide compounds or metal acetylacetonate compounds is two or more. By adjusting the mixing ratio of two or more compounds selected in the selected solution and / or forming a film of the solution under the control of relative humidity and heating at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher. Obtainable. The underlying layer is formed into a gel film at 100 to 300 ° C. for about 10 minutes, and is then baked at about 600 ° C., for example at about 500 to 650 ° C. for about 3 minutes. It is preferable for obtaining abrasion resistance and the like.

In particular, it becomes an oxide thin film having at least one surface layer shape among the above-mentioned micropit-like surface layer, uneven surface layer, and convex surface layer without surface treatment, and further at about 550 to 650 ° C. Even if it is baked, the surface shape of at least one of the micropit-like surface layer, the uneven surface layer and the convex surface layer at the time of drying the coating does not collapse. The same applies to the following underlying layers.

For the above-mentioned selected two or more compounds, for example, those having different average molecular weights are selected, and the selection is to make the surface layer of the formed oxide film into micropits, irregularities or protrusions. The average molecular weight of two or more kinds of compounds to be mixed is several thousand (specifically, for example, 800 to 80).
It is preferable that it is a combination of about 00, preferably about 2000 to 7,000) and tens of thousands (specifically, for example, about 10,000 to 70,000) or thousands and hundreds of thousands (specifically, for example, about 100000 to 400,000). .

Further, as the underlayer, for example, a sol solution A obtained by hydrolyzing and dehydrating and condensing a tetrafunctional metal alkoxide or metal acetylacetonate compound as one starting material, and 3 as one starting material.
It may be a sol-gel film formed by coating a coating solution which is prepared by mixing and selecting a sol solution B obtained by hydrolyzing and dehydrating and condensing a metal alkoxide or a metal acetylacetonate compound having a functional or bifunctional property. .

Furthermore, for example, the sol solutions A, B and the sol solutions A, B are hydrolyzed and dehydrated and condensed using a metal alkoxide or a metal acetylacetonate compound of a different metal as a starting material. It may be a sol-gel film formed by coating a coating solution in which at least C is selected and mixed.

The above-mentioned metal alkoxide-based compounds are not limited to methoxide, ethoxide, isopropoxide, etc., but a part thereof is substituted with a methyl group, an ethyl group, etc., in the case where all the metals are bonded with an alkoxy group. Those containing, for example, monomethyl alkoxide, monoethyl alkoxide and the like. Furthermore, the above-mentioned metal acetylacetonate-based compound includes not only the case where only the acetylacetone group is bonded to the metal but also the case where a part thereof is substituted with a methylalkoxy group, an ethylalkoxy group or the like.

Further, the above-mentioned metal is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to select Si, Ti or Zr. Specific examples thereof include tetramethoxysilane [Si (OMe) ₄ Me: CH ₃ ] (Hereinafter, Me is
CH ₃ ), tetraethoxysilane [Si (OEt)
₄ Et: C ₂ H ₅ ] (hereinafter Et is C ₂ H ₅ ), methyltriethoxysilane [MeSi (OEt) ₃ ], methyltrimethoxysilane [MeSi (OMe) ₃ ], titanium tetraisopropoxide [ Ti (O-iso-Pr) ₄
Pr: C ₃ H ₇ ] (hereinafter Pr is C ₃ H ₇ ), titanium acetylacetonate [Ti (CH ₂ COCH ₂ COCH
₃ ) ₄ ], zirconium normal butoxide [Zr (O
_{-N-Bu) 4 Bu: C} 4 H 9 ] (hereinafter Bu is C ₄ H _9), zirconium acetylacetonate [Zr (CH
₂ COCH ₂ COCH ₃ ) ₄ ] and the like are preferable, and other examples include dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, titanium tetranormal butoxide, zirconium tetraisopropoxide, zirconium tetraoctylate and the like.

Furthermore, the micropit-like surface layer,
Specific examples of the oxide film or the mixed oxide thin film formed of at least one of the uneven surface layer and the convex surface layer include SiO ₂ oxide film, SiO ₂ · TiO ₂ or SiO ₂ · ZrO _2.
And mixed oxide films.

Further, the average film thickness of the underlying layer of the oxide film or the mixed oxide thin film made of at least one of the micropit-like surface layer, the uneven surface layer and the convex surface layer is 10 to 300 nm. The reason for this is that if the thickness is less than 10 nm, it is difficult to obtain the desired surface layer shape, and it becomes impossible to retain a sufficient amount of the water repellent agent, so that long-term water repellency cannot be achieved. Further, when it exceeds 300 nm, it is not economical and, of course, the physical durability of the underlayer itself is reduced. The optimum value is 30 to 200 nm.

The micropit-like and / or unevenness in the oxide thin film or mixed oxide thin film having at least one surface layer shape among the above-mentioned micropit-like surface layer, uneven surface layer, and convex surface layer. Alternatively / and the convex shape is R _max (maximum height) = 5 to 60 nm, R
_a (center line average roughness) = 2 to 20 nm, R _z (10-point average roughness) = 5 to 55 nm, S _m (average interval of irregularities) = 5 to 700 nm
It is difficult to express micropits or / and irregularities or / and convexity of at least one surface layer shape among the micropit-like surface layer, the irregular surface layer and the convex surface layer. However, scanning probe microscope AFM mode (Seiko Denshi, SP3700, 4
μm square scan or Olympus, NV2000, 4μ
was observed at m square scan), which is a display of the surface roughness in _{JIS B 0601 R max, R a} , is obtained by roughly displayed with a R _z Additionally S _m, for example R _max> 60 nm, R
_{When a} > 20 nm and R _z > 55 nm, the uneven shape is easily destroyed by external stress such as friction, and long-term physical durability is reduced, and R _max <5 nm, R _a > 2 nm, R _z > 5 nm. This is because the surface shape is almost smooth and does not reach the desired surface layer shape.

Further, the micropit shape or / and the uneven shape or / and the convex shape is skewed (Sk
ewness = Rsk, skewness = 0 to> 0, Kurtos
The reason that is = Rkr, kurtosis) = 3 to> 3 is that the skewness is a value that represents the symmetry in the longitudinal magnification direction in the cross-section (amplitude distribution) curve, which is about the machined surface.
It is a surface roughness in the range of so-called Rsk> 0 where there are many uneven cones that are sharp above the center line from Rsk = 0, and there are deep valleys in the flat part (minus is large. In the case of so-called Rsk <0, a sufficient amount of water repellent cannot be retained in the underlayer, so that long-term water repellency cannot be achieved. Preferably 0 to relatively close to 0> 0
In the above range, the surface layer is in a state in which there are many flat and conical peaks that are too thin and sharp so that the physical durability is not reduced.

The value that Kurtosis represents the shape of the cross-section (amplitude distribution) curve (probability density distribution of surface roughness: a machined surface close to the normal distribution is Rsk = 0, Rkr = 3)
In general, the sharper the shape, the greater the proportion of the flat portion in the lateral magnification direction.) The peak of the normal distribution is too thin, and there are unusually high peaks or deep valleys, so-called Rkr>
In 3, the long-term physical durability is reduced and the long-term water repellency cannot be exhibited, and the peaks of the normal distribution are wide and the crater shape is scattered in the flat shape rather than the bowl shape. With so-called Rkr <3, the contact area with the water repellent decreases as a result, and the retention of the water repellent becomes weaker unlike the case of coating while plunging into many conical peaks, and long-term water repellency can be realized. Rkr = 3 to Rkr
The range is> 3. Preferably, it is in the range of Rkr> 3, which is relatively close to Rkr = 3 to 3, and the surface layer is in a state in which moderately sharp cone-shaped peaks are non-flat and scattered abundantly.

In particular, in the case of an etching film obtained by treating a conventional oxide film made of an organic solution with hydrofluoric acid, for example, a SiO ₂ film, R
When sk <0, Rkr <3, and as described above, it is not possible to retain a sufficient amount of the water repellent agent in the etched SiO ₂ film, so it is better than when there is no etched SiO ₂ film, but the desired long-term Water repellency cannot be exhibited.

From these facts, Rsk is 0 to> 0, Rk
r is 3 to> 3, preferably Rsk is relatively close to 0 to 0> 0, and Rkr is relatively close to Rkr = 3 to Rkr> 3, so that a large surface area and an appropriate depth as an underlayer are obtained. In addition, since it has a shape, it can hold a sufficient amount of water repellent and has sufficient physical strength against friction and the like.

Further, the size of the micropits, the irregularities or the convexities in the surface layer can be controlled to be 5 to 500 nm by the relative humidity at the time of film formation. If the diameter exceeds 500 nm, the transparency of the oxide film itself will be impaired and whitening will occur and the film strength will also weaken. If it is less than 5 nm, tin oxide particles containing tin oxide or antimony oxide as a dopant will be difficult to fix on the film. Therefore, 5
To 500 nm is preferred.

If the particle size of the tin oxide particles having the above-mentioned anticene oxide as a dopant exceeds 100 nm, it becomes difficult to fix the tin oxide particles on the oxide film or mixed oxide film of the underlayer.
100 nm or less is preferable.

Fluoroalkyl used in the present invention
As the type of silane, for example, CF ₃CH₂CH₂Si
(OMe)₃, CF₃CH₂CH₂SiCl₃, CF₃
(CF₂)_FiveCH₂CH₂Si (OMe)₃, CF
₃(CF₂)_FiveCH₂CH₂Si (OMe) Cl₃, C
F₃(CF₂)₇CH₂CH₂Si (OMe)₃, CF
₃(CF₂)₇CH₂CH₂SiCl₃, CF₃(CF
₂)₇CH₂CH₂SiMe (OMe)₂, CF₃(C
F₂)₇CH₂CH₂SiMe (Cl)₂Give up
be able to.

The tin oxide containing antimony oxide as a dopant used in the present invention is HOMO of tin oxide.
(Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) and LUMO (Lowest Occupied Molecular Orbital)
It forms an impurity HOMO level of antimony oxide in the band energy gap between unoccupied molecular orbitals) and develops semiconductivity, and is used to suppress photodegradation of fluoroalkylsilane. Tin oxide is cassiterit
It has a crystal structure of e (tin stone), and it is considered that antimony oxide exists as an interstitial solid solution in its crystal lattice, and antimony oxide is doped in the crystal lattice of tin oxide. Partial reduction of tin oxide occurs (SnO _2-x
Sb ₂ O _{3 + X} ) Excess electrons are supplied to the LUMO level of tin oxide to develop electronic conductivity. Specifically, for example, the product name is T-1 (Mitsubishi Materials Co., Ltd.) and the product name is Elcom (Catalyst Chemical Co., Ltd.). Further, as a sol containing tin oxide particles having a silicon compound and antimony oxide as a dopant in advance, there is, for example, Elcom CT (Catalyst Chemical Co., Ltd.).

Furthermore, examples of the above-mentioned silicon compound include tetramethoxysilane [Si (OM
e) ₄ ], tetraethoxysilane Si (OEt) ₄ ],
Methyltriethoxysilane [MeSi (OEt) ₃ ],
A hydrolyzate obtained by using methyltrimethoxysilane MeSi (OMe) ₃ ] as a raw material is preferable.

Examples of the above-mentioned organic solvent include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, esters such as acetic acid methyl ester and acetic acid ethyl ester, ethers such as diethyl ether, and ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. , Ethyl cellosolve and the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The above-mentioned acid acts as a catalyst when hydrolyzing fluoroalkylsilane, but sulfuric acid, nitric acid,
Hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, aromatic sulfonic acid, aliphatic sulfonic acid, etc. can be used. Particularly preferred are strong acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.

Further, when the amount of fluoroalkylsilane in the mixed solution is less than 0.1% by weight, sufficient water repellency cannot be obtained, and when it exceeds 20% by weight, tin oxide fine particles having antimony oxide as a dopant become fine particles. On the other hand, the amount of fluoroalkylsilane is relatively large, and the effect of adding tin oxide fine particles having antimony oxide as a dopant becomes difficult to manifest, so that the content is 0.1 to 20% by weight.

Further, the tin oxide fine particles having antimony oxide as a dopant have an effect of improving the durability of the water repellent performance of the water repellent glass, and the amount thereof is as follows.
If it is less than 0.04% by weight, there is no effect of addition, and if it exceeds 2% by weight, the initial water repellency is lowered, so it is 0.1 to 2% by weight.

Furthermore, the above silicon compound is
In particular, it is necessary to stably fix the tin oxide fine particles having antimony oxide as a dopant on the surface of the oxide film. If the amount is less than 0.03% by weight, there is no addition effect, and if it exceeds 2% by weight, the initial amount is not increased. 0.1 to 2% by weight in order to reduce the water repellency.

If the amount of water added is less than 0.005% by weight, the fluoroalkylsilane cannot be sufficiently hydrolyzed and the amount of fluoroalkylsilane bonded to the substrate is reduced, resulting in poor water and oil repellency. I can't get enough. Also
If it exceeds 15% by weight, polycondensation is likely to proceed between fluoroalkylsilanes and silicon compounds, and agglomeration may occur, so that sufficient water / oil repellency may not be obtained or the storage stability of the liquid may be deteriorated. Therefore, it is 0.005 to 15% by weight.

Furthermore, if the amount of the acid added is less than 5 × 10 ^-4 mol with respect to 1 mol of the fluoroalkylsilane, the addition effect is not obtained, and if it exceeds 2 × 10 ^-2 mol, the fluoroalkylsilanes are mixed with each other in the treating agent. Since polycondensation with a silicon compound is promoted, sufficient water / oil repellency cannot be obtained,
Since the storage stability of the liquid is lowered, it is 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ mol to 2 × 10 ⁻² mol per 1 mol of fluoroalkylsilane.

Furthermore, by coating a water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid consisting of the above mixed solution on an oxide film or a mixed oxide film and drying it, water-repellent and oil-repellent excellent in adhesion and weather resistance can be obtained. Even if the baking temperature is less than 100 ° C
Since the water-repellent glass does not have improved water-repellent performance durability even at temperatures above 400 ° C, baking at 100-400 ° C can provide even more excellent water-repellent performance. Preferably from 150 to 350 ° C, more preferably from 200 to
The temperature is about 300 ° C, and the performance can be exhibited more stably and surely. The retention time is 20
~ 40 minutes.

Further, as a coating method, a known coating means such as a dipping-up method, a spraying method, a flow coating method or a spin coating method, or coating with a solution-containing brush or cotton cloth can be appropriately adopted. It is a thing.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention, the micropit-like shape which retains the same shape as the film formed on the surface of the glass substrate without surface treatment, that is, after firing at 550 to 650 ° C. An oxide film or a mixed oxide film made of at least one of a surface layer, an uneven surface layer, and a convex surface layer, that is, a film thickness of 10 to 300 nm, and micropits, unevenness, and projections have R _max = 5. ~ 60nm, _Ra = 2
20 nm, R _z = 5 to 55 nm, S _m = 5 to 700 nm, or / and a film having a skewness of 0 to> 0 and a crytosis of 3 to> 3 is used as an underlayer, and further, a repellant film is formed thereon. A specific amount of acid was added to the fluoroalkylsilane in a mixed solution of at least fluoroalkylsilane, tin oxide having antimony oxide as a dopant, a silicon compound, water, and an organic solvent, which were distributed in specific amounts by the water layer. By providing a water-repellent glass and a method for producing the same by applying a water- and oil-repellent liquid, a peculiar micropit shape in which there are many non-flat irregularities mainly composed of moderately sharp cone-shaped mountains, A water-repellent oil-repellent liquid having an uneven or convex surface and excellent in storage stability can be used, and a sufficient amount of the water-repellent water-repellent material can be formed by immersing it in a micropit shape, an uneven shape, or a convex shape. Oil repellent And thus capable of retaining and obtain a homogeneous and uniform stable and reliable deposition processes.

As described above, the initial contact angle is 115 to 110 ° and the contact angle after 2000 hours of Super JV is obtained by combining the specific underlayer and the specific water repellent layer of the water / oil repellent liquid. 104 to 100 °, wiper swing
The contact angle after 100,000 times is 101-99 °, which means that all three of these can be cleared, leading to an increase in the strength of the entire film including the water repellent layer as well as the underlayer, and the excellent water repellency of the water repellent layer itself. It has excellent performance, adhesion, hardness, and especially excellent water repellency, weather resistance and durability, and is used as a window material for vehicles, ships, aircraft, or construction, or various products. The water-repellent glass and the method for producing the same are remarkably useful for mirror glass and the like.

[0053]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

Example 1 A clear float glass substrate having a size of about 100 mm × 100 mm and a thickness of about 2 mm was sequentially washed with a neutral detergent, water rinse, alcohol, dried, and then wiped with acetone to form a substrate for coating. .

About 20.0 g of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: about 30% by weight) and about 28.6 g of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 100,000, solid content concentration: about 6% by weight) were placed in a beaker, and low. Dilute with about 50 g of isopropyl alcohol and about 100 g of 1-butanol to give a molar ratio of solids of average molecular weight / solids of high average molecular weight of about 3.5.
After stirring for a time, a coating solution was obtained.

Then, a film of the solution is formed on the surface of the glass substrate by a dipping method in an environment of about 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of about 50%, and heated at about 270 ° C. for about 10 minutes to form a gel film,
After film thickness of about 150nm and about 600 ℃ for about 3 minutes,
The film thickness was about 100 nm. AFM of the surface layer of the surface shape scanning probe microscope NV2000 [atomic force microscope, scanning lines: 256, scan size: 4,000 nm, Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.] was measured, as shown in Table 1, R _max = 23.9 nm, R _a = 6.2 nm, R _z = 22.1 nm,
An oxide film having a micropit-like or concavo-convex surface layer having an S _m = 621 nm, a diameter within about 672 nm, and an average diameter of about 50 nm was obtained. In addition, the film has a skewness (Rsk) of 0 to> 0 and a cryptosis (Rk) as indicated by a circle in Table 1.
r) is 3 to> 3 and Rsk is 0 to close to 0> 0, Rkr
Was close to 3 to 3 and> 3, which was the desired underlayer film.

Then, a liquid having the following composition was mixed in advance on the micropit-like or uneven surface thin film, and
The mixed solution prepared as a water / oil repellent liquid was applied by stirring for 30 minutes. The composition ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid according to this example is shown in Table 2.

(Composition of water and oil repellent liquid) 1 g of ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt)
%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation, fine powder of tin oxide with antimony oxide as a dopant (particle size: about 20
nm)] 0.01 g, isopropyl alcohol 5.72 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane [CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₇ CH ₂
CH ₂ Si (OMe) ₃ ] 1 g, pH 1.5 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2
g, total 8.13 g.

Then, by drying at about 250 ° C. for about 30 minutes, a water-repellent glass was obtained. The following tests were conducted on the obtained water-repellent glass. (Water repellency test) Measure the contact angle to water in the air (about 25 ° C).

(Weather resistance test) Evaluation by Super UV. Conditions: Measure the contact angle after 2000 hours at 60 mW / cm ² . (Abrasion resistance test) Evaluated by sliding durability with an automobile wiper.

Conditions: A drop of tap water was applied, a load of 105 g was applied, and sliding was performed 100,000 times (one reciprocation was once), and the contact angle was measured. As a result, as shown in Table 2, the initial contact angle was 112 °,
The contact angle was 103 °, which was sufficiently excellent even after the weather resistance test, and the contact angle was 100 °, which was sufficiently excellent even after the abrasion resistance test. The prepared water / oil repellent treatment liquid showed no sign of aggregation even after about 1 month, and was a sufficiently stable liquid with tin oxide particles well dispersed.

Example 2 On a glass substrate similar to that of Example 1, about 30 g of the low average molecular weight silica sol of Example 1 and about 2 of the high average molecular weight silica sol were used.
3.1 g was put in a beaker, and the solid content of low average molecular weight / high average molecular weight was adjusted to about 6.5 mol ratio, and otherwise the same as in Example 1. The obtained oxide film has a film thickness of about 50 nm, R _max = 12.2 nm, R _a = 3.4 nm, R _z = 11.0 n as shown in Table 1.
m, S _m = about 423 nm, the diameter of the unevenness was within about 510 nm, and the uneven surface layer including micropits with an average diameter of about 100 nm was provided. The film is shown in Table 1.
As indicated by a circle, Rsk is 0 to> 0, Rkr is 3 to> 3, Rsk is 0 to close to 0> 0, and Rkr is close to 3 to> 3, which is a desired underlayer film. It was

Then, a water- and oil-repellent liquid was prepared with the following composition, and the water- and oil-repellent treatment was performed on the uneven surface layer thin film including the micropits in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the composition ratio of the water- and oil-repellent liquid of this example and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid was compounded with 100 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 1 g. , Isopropyl alcohol 888 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 1.5
Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 9.8 g, total 1000.0 g.

The water-repellent glass obtained had an initial contact angle of 11
The contact angle was 2 °, which was excellent enough to be 102 ° even after the weather resistance test, and the contact angle was 100 ° which was sufficiently excellent even after the abrasion resistance test. The prepared water / oil repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, which was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired water repellent performance.

Example 3 On a glass substrate similar to that of Example 1, about 40 g of the low average molecular weight silica sol of Example 1 and about 1 of the high average molecular weight silica sol were used.
8.2 g was placed in a beaker, the low-average molecular weight / high-average molecular weight solid content was set to about 11 mol ratio, and the same as in Example 1 except for that. As shown in Table 1, the obtained oxide film has a film thickness of about
60 nm, R _max = 11.1 nm, R _a = 2 nm, R _z = 10.0 nm, S
_It has a convex shape including a micropit shape having _m = about 358, and the diameter of the convex shape including the micropit shape is about 380 to 500 nm.
Has become. In addition, the film has Rsk of 0 to> 0 and Rkr of 3 to> 3 as indicated by a circle in Table 1.
The k was 0 to close to 0> 0, and the Rkr was close to 3 to 3> 3, which was the desired underlayer film.

Then, a water- and oil-repellent liquid was prepared with the following composition, and the water- and oil-repellent treatment was performed on the convex surface layer thin film including the micropits in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the composition ratio of the water- and oil-repellent liquid of this example and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid is compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 1 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g , Isopropyl alcohol 2.59g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
1.5 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 5.0 g.

The water-repellent glass obtained had an initial contact angle of 11
The contact angle was 103 °, which was sufficiently excellent at 4 ° even after the weather resistance test, and the contact angle was sufficiently excellent at 101 ° even after the abrasion resistance test. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired excellent water-repellent performance.

Example 4 The same coating solution as used in Example 1 was used on the same glass substrate as in Example 1, and the relative humidity at the time of film formation was about
35%, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1. As shown in Table 1, the obtained oxide film had a thickness of about 80 nm and R _max =
_{20.2nm, R a = 4.3nm, R} z = 18.3nm, S m = about 452nm
The surface layer was a micropit-like or convex surface layer having a convex shape and a micropit having a diameter of about 10 to 20 nm on the surface. In addition, the film has Rsk of 0 to>, as indicated by a circle in Table 1.
0, Rkr is 3 to> 3 and Rsk is 0 to close to 0> 0,
The Rkr was> 3, which is close to 3 to 3, and the desired underlayer film.

Then, a water- and oil-repellent liquid having the following composition was prepared, and the water- and oil-repellent treatment was performed on the micropit-like or convex surface thin film in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the composition ratio of the water- and oil-repellent liquid of this example and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid is compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 1 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g , Isopropyl alcohol 22.59 g,
Heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
1.5 g nitric acid solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 8.13 g.

The water-repellent glass obtained had an initial contact angle of 11
The contact angle was 4 °, which was sufficiently excellent even after the weather resistance test was 104 °, and the contact angle was 100 ° which was sufficiently excellent even after the abrasion resistance test. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired excellent water-repellent performance.

Example 5 Using the same glass substrate as in Example 1, 16 g of tetraethoxysilane [Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₄ : TEOS] and ethanol (EtO
8.5 g of H) and 5.5 g of water (preliminarily adjusted to pH 4 with HCl) were weighed and heated under reflux at about 80 ° C. for about 20 hours to obtain a sol solution A. Weight average molecular weight of the sol solution A (Mw,
The polystyrene conversion value) was measured and found to be about 40,000.

Methyltrimethoxysilane [CH ₃ Si (OC
H ₃ ) ₃ : MTMS] 36.6 g, isopropyl alcohol (iPA)
About 28.9g and pure water (pH7) 14.5g, weigh about 70 ℃
The solution was heated under reflux for about 5 hours to obtain a sol solution B. When the average molecular weight of the sol solution B was measured, it was about 2,000.

Solution A and solution B were mixed to obtain about 350 g of
Dilute with iPA and stir at room temperature for about 10 hours to prepare solution A and solution B.
A coating solution having a solid content (calculated as SiO ₂ ) molar ratio of 1: 3.5 was obtained, and the glass substrate surface was coated by a dipping method in an environment of about 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of about 50% to obtain about 100 After heating at ℃ for about 30 minutes, SiO ₂ with a thickness of about 150 nm
A gel film of After baking at about 600 ° C. for about 3 minutes, the film thickness was about 90 nm, and the surface condition was observed with the microscope at a magnification of about 20,000 times.
_{max = 35.5nm, R a = 7.8nm} , R z = 33.1nm, S m = about
It had a convex shape within 657 nm and formed a micropit-like or uneven surface layer having a diameter of about 10 to 50 nm. The film has Rsk of 0 to> 0, Rk
From r of 3 to> 3 to Rsk of 0 to 0> 0 and Rkr of 3 to 3> 3, the desired underlayer film was obtained.

Then, a water- and oil-repellent liquid was prepared with the following composition, and the water- and oil-repellent treatment was performed on the micropit-like or uneven surface thin film in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the composition ratio of the water- and oil-repellent liquid of this example and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid is compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 1 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.16 g , Isopropyl alcohol 5.44g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
1.5 g nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 8.00 g.

The water-repellent glass obtained has an initial contact angle of 11
The contact angle was 104 ° even after 2 ° and the weather resistance test, which was excellent, and the contact angle was 101 ° even after the abrasion resistance test. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired excellent water-repellent performance.

Example 6 On a glass substrate similar to that of Example 1, tetrapropoxide titanium [Ti (OiPr) ₄ ] 2.8 g, iPA 46.6 g and water (pH) were used.
2) 0.6 g was weighed and stirred at room temperature for about 30 minutes to prepare a solution C. After mixing the solution A and the solution B in the same manner as in Example 5, the solution C was added, and then 300 g of iPA was further added to prepare a coating solution. The molar ratio of the solid content of solution A and solution B (calculated as SiO ₂ ) and the solid content of solution C (calculated as TiO ₂ ) in the coating solution is 1: 3.
5: 0.45. In the same manner as in Example 5, the film thickness of about 70 nm
A SiO ₂ TiO ₂ mixed thin film was obtained. When the surface condition was observed, as shown in Table 1, R _max = 15.8 nm and R _a = 4.7 n
m, R _z = 14.4 nm, S _m = about 488 nm, with irregularities or projections, and micro irregularities with a diameter of about 10-50 nm were formed. In addition, the film is shown in Table 1.
Rsk is 0 to> 0, Rkr is 3 to> 3
Therefore, Rsk was 0 to 0> 0 and Rkr was 3 to 3> 3, which was the desired underlayer film.

Then, a water / oil repellent solution was prepared with the following composition, and in the same manner as in Example 1, a water-repellent / oil-repellent treatment was performed on the uneven or convex surface layer thin film containing the micropits. Table 2 shows the composition ratio of the water- and oil-repellent liquid of this example and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid was compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 2 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g , Isopropyl alcohol 46.59 g,
Heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, 60
% Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 50.0 g.

The water-repellent glass obtained had an initial contact angle of 11
The contact angle was 100 ° even after 1 ° and the weather resistance test, which was excellent, and the contact angle was 100 ° even after the abrasion resistance test. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired excellent water-repellent performance.

Example 7 The molar ratio of the solid content of each of solutions A, B and C was 1: 11: 1.
The underlayer thin film having a film thickness of about 50 nm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the coating solution was adjusted to 2.
When the surface condition was observed, as shown in Table 1, R _max
= 17.8 nm, R _a = 5.3 nm, R _z = 16.2 nm, S _m = about 414 nm
The surface layer has irregularities or projections, and includes irregularities or projections including micropits having a diameter of about 10 to 50 nm.
In addition, the film has Rsk of 0 to> 0 and Rkr of 3 to> 3 as indicated by a circle in Table 1, and Rsk of 0 to>0>
0, Rkr was close to 3 to 3> 3, and the desired underlayer film was obtained.

Then, a water- and oil-repellent liquid having the following composition was prepared, and water- and oil-repellent treatment was carried out on the uneven or convex surface thin film including the micropits in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the composition ratio of the water- and oil-repellent liquid of this example and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid is compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 1 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g , Isopropyl alcohol 3.21g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
1.5 g nitric acid solution 0.2 g, water 1 g, total 6.42 g.

The water-repellent glass obtained had an initial contact angle of 11
The contact angle was 4 °, which was sufficiently excellent even after the weather resistance test was 104 °, and the contact angle was 100 ° which was sufficiently excellent even after the abrasion resistance test. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired excellent water-repellent performance.

Example 8 Example 8 was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid is compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 1 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g , Isopropyl alcohol 5.59g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
2.1 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.11g, water 0.29g, total 8.00g.

As shown in Table 2, the obtained water-repellent glass had an initial contact angle of 113 ° and a contact angle of 10 even after the weather resistance test.
2 °, which is excellent enough and the contact angle is 99 even after abrasion resistance test.
It was excellent enough. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired excellent water-repellent performance.

Example 9 Example 9 was carried out in the same manner as Example 3 except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid is compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 1 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g , Isopropyl alcohol 5.59g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
1.1 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.4 g, water 0 g, total 8.00 g.

As shown in Table 2, the obtained water-repellent glass had an initial contact angle of 115 ° and a contact angle of 10 even after the weather resistance test.
2 °, which is excellent enough, and the contact angle is 10 even after abrasion resistance test.
It was a good 0 °. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid and was the same as in Example 1,
The desired water-repellent performance was exhibited.

Example 10 Example 10 was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid was compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 0.75 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g, isopropyl alcohol 22.84 g,
Heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
1.5 g nitric acid solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 24.0 g.

As shown in Table 2, the obtained water-repellent glass had an initial contact angle of 112 ° and a contact angle of 10 even after the weather resistance test.
4 °, which is excellent enough and the contact angle is 10 even after abrasion resistance test.
It was a good 0 °. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid and was the same as in Example 1,
The desired water-repellent performance was exhibited.

Example 11 Example 11 was performed in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows.

That is, the water-repellent / oil-repellent liquid was mixed in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 1.6 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corp.] 0.01 g, isopropyl alcohol 4.99 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH
1.5 g nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 8.00 g.

As shown in Table 2, the obtained water-repellent glass had an initial contact angle of 111 ° and a contact angle of 10 after the weather resistance test.
3 °, which is excellent enough and the contact angle is 10 even after abrasion resistance test.
It was a good 0 °. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid and was the same as in Example 1,
The desired water-repellent performance was exhibited.

Example 12 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent liquid was mixed in such a manner that tin oxide fine particles containing antimony oxide as a dovant (particle diameter: 5 nm) were used.
Sol solution [solid concentration 2.5 wt%, as a silicon compound
1.11 wt%, 1.39 wt% tin oxide with antimony oxide as dovant, manufactured by Catalyst Kasei Co., Ltd.] 1 g, isopropyl alcohol 5 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 2.5 nitric acid aqueous solution 0.4 g, water 0
g, total 7.4 g.

As shown in Table 2, the obtained water-repellent glass had an initial contact angle of 113 ° and a contact angle of 10 even after the weather resistance test.
2 °, which is excellent enough, and the contact angle is 10 even after abrasion resistance test.
It was a good 0 °. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid and was the same as in Example 1,
The desired water-repellent performance was exhibited.

Example 13 Example 13 was carried out in the same manner as Example 2 except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent liquid was mixed in such a manner that tin oxide fine particles (particle diameter: 5 nm) containing antimony oxide as a dovant were used.
Sol solution [solid concentration 2.5 wt%, as a silicon compound
1.11 wt%, tin oxide with antimony oxide as dovant 1.39 wt%, manufactured by Catalyst Kasei Co., Ltd.] 1 g, isopropyl alcohol 25 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 2.5 nitric acid aqueous solution 0.4 g, water 0
g, total 27.4 g.

As shown in Table 2, the water-repellent glass obtained had an initial contact angle of 111 ° and a contact angle of 10 even after the weather resistance test.
1 °, which is excellent enough and the contact angle is 99 even after abrasion resistance test.
It was excellent enough. The prepared water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was a sufficiently stable liquid, was the same as in Example 1, and exhibited the desired excellent water-repellent performance.

[0106]

[Table 1]

[0107]

[Table 2]

Comparative Example 1 Silica sol (average molecular weight: about 100000, solid content concentration: about 6)
About 200 g of (% by weight) was placed in a beaker and used as it was as a coating solution. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1. The obtained underlayer film was a micropit having a film thickness of about 150 nm and an average diameter of about 2 nm, but had a surface layer close to a smooth surface. Next, a water / oil repellent treatment liquid was prepared with the following composition, and water repellent treatment was performed on the underlayer in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 100 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation]. 1 g, isopropyl alcohol 889 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 0.5 g, pH
1.5 nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 9.8 g, total 1000.5 g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 100 °, but had a contact angle of 78 after the weather resistance test.
Is extremely bad, and the contact angle is 72 even after the abrasion resistance test.
Unlike the above-mentioned examples in which the underlayer is flat and the base layer is flat, it can be said from the above-mentioned examples that not only the wear resistance but also the desired weather resistance is remarkably inferior and the water-repellent performance is excellent. It was something I couldn't say.

Comparative Example 2 The procedure of Comparative Example 1 was repeated except that the composition of the water / oil repellent treatment liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded with 1 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01. g, isopropyl alcohol 1.59 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH
1.5 g nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 8.00 g.

The water-repellent and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had a small amount of solvent, and thus it was difficult to dry it during the treatment and to treat the surface uniformly. Although the initial contact angle was 113 °, the contact angle was 92 ° after the weather resistance test, but the contact angle was poor at 78 ° even after the abrasion resistance test, and the underlayer was flat and each of the above Unlike the example, it cannot be said that it has the desired excellent water repellency. Furthermore, the water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was unstable after about 3 days because of aggregation and precipitation of tin oxide particles.

Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the composition of the water / oil repellent treatment liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 2 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01. g, isopropyl alcohol 46.59 g,
Heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1g, pH
1.5 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 50.0 g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 112 °, but had a contact angle of 85 after the weather resistance test.
However, even after the abrasion resistance test, the contact angle was as bad as 89 °, the underlayer was flat and different from each of the above-mentioned examples, and it can be said that it has a desired excellent water repellency. It was not there.

Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the composition of the water / oil repellent treatment liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded with 1 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.2. g, isopropyl alcohol 5.4 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH
1.5 g nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 8.00 g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 100 °, but had a contact angle of 76 after the weather resistance test.
The contact angle after the abrasion resistance test was as bad as 75 °, the underlying layer was flat and different from each of the above-mentioned examples, the performance was remarkably inferior to each example, and the desired excellent water repellency performance was obtained. It was absolutely impossible to say that it had

Comparative Example 5 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded with 10 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.1. g, isopropyl alcohol 59.9g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 10g, 60%
0.005 g of nitric acid aqueous solution, 0 g of water, 80.005 g in total.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 99 °, but after the weather resistance test, the contact angle was 88 °.
Even after the abrasion resistance test, the contact angle was as bad as 88 °, the performance was remarkably inferior to that of each example, and it could not be said at all that the desired water repellent performance was obtained.

Comparative Example 6 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded in an amount of 1 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01. g, isopropyl alcohol 2.81 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 1.
5 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 4 g, total 9.02 g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 112 °, but after the weather resistance test, it had a contact angle of 95.
The contact angle was as bad as 94 ° even after the abrasion resistance test, the performance was remarkably inferior to that of each example, and it could not be said at all that the desired water repellent performance was obtained. . Further, the water / oil repellent treatment liquid was extremely unstable after about 1 day because of aggregation and tin oxide particles precipitated.

Comparative Example 7 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that the formulation of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded with 1 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01. g, isopropyl alcohol 5.59 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 2.
1 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.05g, water 0.35g, total 8.00g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 100 °, but had a contact angle of 87 after the weather resistance test.
The contact angle after the abrasion resistance test was as bad as 90 °, the performance was remarkably inferior to that of each example, and it could not be said at all that the desired water repellent performance was obtained. .

Comparative Example 8 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded with 1 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01. g, isopropyl alcohol 5.59 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 1
Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.4 g, water 0 g, total 8.00 g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 110 °, but had a contact angle of 97 after the weather resistance test.
The contact angle was 94 ° even after the abrasion resistance test, and the performance was inferior to that of each of the examples, but it was close to the ratio, but it cannot be said to have the desired excellent water repellency. there were. Further, the water / oil repellent treatment liquid was extremely unstable after about 1 day because of aggregation and tin oxide particles precipitated.

Comparative Example 9 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded by adding 1 g of an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%), T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.1. g, isopropyl alcohol 47.5 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 1.
5 Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 50.0 g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 112 °, but had a contact angle of 91 after the weather resistance test.
The contact angle was as bad as 92 ° even after the abrasion resistance test, the weather resistance was inferior to that of each example, and it could not be said at all that the desired water repellency was obtained.

Comparative Example 10 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that the composition of the water / oil repellent liquid was changed as follows. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

That is, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid was compounded in an ethanol solution of silica sol (average molecular weight: about 3000, solid content concentration: 1 wt%) 2 g, T-1 [trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation] 0.01 g, isopropyl alcohol 4.59 g, heptadecatridecyl fluoroalkylsilane 1 g, pH 1
Nitric acid aqueous solution 0.2 g, water 0.2 g, total 8.00 g.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 109 °, but had a contact angle of 90 after the weather resistance test.
The contact angle after the abrasion resistance test was as bad as 89 °, the performance was inferior to that of each example, and it could not be said at all that the desired water repellency was obtained. Furthermore, the water- and oil-repellent treatment liquid was unstable after about 3 days because of aggregation and precipitation of tin oxide particles.

Comparative Example 11 Comparative Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the water / oil repellent liquid of Example 1 was used. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

The obtained water- and oil-repellent treated glass had an initial contact angle of 111 °, but after the weather resistance test, the contact angle was 87.
The contact angle after the abrasion resistance test was as bad as 90 °, the performance was inferior to that of each example, and it could not be said at all that the desired water repellency was obtained.

Comparative Example 12 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out except that the water- and oil-repellent liquid of Example 7 was used in Comparative Example 1. Table 3 shows the compounding ratio of the water / oil repellent liquid and the evaluation results.

The water- and oil-repellent treated glass thus obtained had an initial contact angle of 113 °, but had a contact angle of 92 after the weather resistance test.
The contact angle after the abrasion resistance test was as bad as 89 °, the performance was inferior to that of each example, and it could not be said at all that the desired water repellency was obtained.

[0142]

[Table 3]

[0143]

As described above, according to the water-repellent glass and the method for producing the same of the present invention, a specific water-repellent and oil-repellent liquid having excellent storage stability can be used by a simple and easy film forming means. It is possible to obtain such a film efficiently at low cost, and it will be excellent in water repellency, film quality, adhesion, hardness, weather resistance, etc. for a long time without deteriorating the optical characteristics, and especially excellent water repellency and excellent weather resistance. The present invention provides a useful water-repellent glass and a method for producing the same, which can exhibit excellent wear resistance and abrasion resistance and can be suitably adopted for various glass articles such as window materials for construction or automobiles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged schematic view of a surface layer portion of an underlayer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a surface layer portion of a base layer in a conventional example (etching treatment film).

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ichiro Nakamura 2 Takaracho, Kanagawa-ku, Kanagawa Prefecture Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Kai 2 Takara-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Satoko Sugawara 2 Takara-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-8-34973 (JP, A) JP-A-7-267684 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C03C 15/00-23/00

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A glass substrate, and a micropit-like surface layer formed on the surface of the substrate without surface treatment.
An underlayer made of an oxide thin film or a mixed oxide thin film having at least one kind of uneven surface layer or a convex surface layer, and at least 0.1 to 20% by weight of fluoroalkylsilane on the underlayer. And 0.04 to 2% by weight of tin oxide particles having antimony oxide as a dopant, 0.03 to 2% by weight of a silicon compound, 0.005 to 15% by weight of water, and a mixed solution of an organic solvent and an acid of fluoroalkylsilane. A water-repellent glass comprising a water-repellent layer which is a thin film formed by coating a water-repellent oil-repellent liquid added so as to be 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ mol to 2 × 10 ⁻² mol per mol. 2. The underlayer composed of the oxide thin film or the mixed oxide thin film has an average thickness of 10 to 300 nm,
R _max (maximum height) as the surface shape of at least one of micropit-like surface layer, uneven surface layer, and convex surface layer
= 5 to 60 nm, _Ra (center line average roughness) = 2 to 20 nm, R _z
(10-point average roughness) = 5 to 55 nm, S _m (average spacing of irregularities)
2. The water-repellent glass according to claim 1, wherein the water-repellent glass has a thickness of 5 to 700 nm. 3. An underlayer comprising the oxide thin film or the mixed oxide thin film is a micropit-like surface layer, an uneven surface layer,
Skewness (skewness) = 0 to> 0, kurtosis (kurtosis) as at least one surface shape of the convex surface layer
= 3 to> 3, The water-repellent glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein. 4. At least fluoroalkylsilane 0.1
To 20% by weight, tin oxide particles having antimony oxide as a dopant 0.04 to 2% by weight, a silicon compound 0.03 to 2% by weight, water 0.005 to 15% by weight and an organic solvent in a mixed solution. The water- and oil-repellent liquid was added to 5 mol of fluoroalkylsilane at a concentration of 5 x 10 ^-4 mol to 2 x 10 ^-2 mol to form an oxide solution or mixed oxide solution. Under a glass substrate provided with an oxide film or a mixed oxide thin film, which has at least one surface layer shape among micropit-like surface layers, uneven surface layers, and convex surface layers, as an underlayer, even after firing. A method for producing water-repellent glass, which comprises coating on a formation and then baking at 100 to 400 ° C. 5. The underlayer composed of the oxide thin film or the mixed oxide thin film has an average thickness of 10 to 300 nm,
R _max (maximum height) as the surface shape of at least one of micropit-like surface layer, uneven surface layer, and convex surface layer
= 5 to 60 nm, _Ra (center line average roughness) = 2 to 20 nm, R _z
(10-point average roughness) = 5 to 55 nm, S _m (average spacing of irregularities)
5. The method for producing a water-repellent glass according to claim 4, wherein at least one of a micropit-like surface layer having a thickness of 5 to 700 nm, an uneven surface layer, and a convex surface layer is used. 6. An underlayer comprising the oxide thin film or the mixed oxide thin film is a micropit-like surface layer, an uneven surface layer,
Skewness (skewness) = 0 to> 0, kurtosis (kurtosis) as at least one surface shape of the convex surface layer
= 3 to> 3, The method for producing water-repellent glass according to claim 4 or 5, wherein.