JP3410874B2 - Cutting equipment of root vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root vegetable, in particular, a carrot, which is continuously conveyed by a drawing conveyor of a self-propelled root vegetable harvester for mechanically harvesting ginseng. The present invention relates to a configuration for efficiently cutting the tail or leaf of root vegetables. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a self-propelled root vegetable harvesting machine for harvesting radish, ginseng and the like has been known. A pulling conveyor is placed in parallel, a digging device consisting of a hoe-shaped subsoiler is placed at the front of this pulling conveyor, and this digging device is inserted into the soil, and the root vegetables are pulled from below into the soil. The root is digged up, and the root portion of the root vegetable is sandwiched from both sides by the belt of the pull-out conveyor. A technique is known in which a cutter is disposed below the pulling-out conveyor to cut the tail portion of the root vegetable being conveyed while sandwiching the leaves. [0003] However, in the conventional root vegetable harvesting machine, when the tail portion is cut by the rotary blade while the leaf portion of the root vegetable is being gripped and conveyed backward, the root portion is in a suspended state. As it is continuously conveyed, it shakes back and forth due to the resistance at the time of cutting, the cut root vegetable turns forward and shakes, hits the next root vegetable to be cut, and the tail of the next root vegetable is cut at a predetermined position It was not done. In addition, when performing double-row harvesting, the root conveyor is transported in a state where the interval between root vegetables is narrowed, and the root vegetables that have been continuously transported may stay in front of the cutter, and between the speed of the pull conveyor. In some cases, a difference occurs, and the root posture is disturbed and the proper position is not cut, or the root vegetable is conveyed backward without being cut. Therefore, cutting can be performed smoothly,
There has been a demand for a structure capable of performing an accurate cutting operation. The present invention uses the following means in order to solve the above problems. That is, in a cutting device of a root vegetable harvesting machine that digs out root vegetables, grips the leaves, and transports the leaves backward, and cuts the leaves, a disk blade and a disk blade are provided on a pair of rotating shafts. A raking member made of an elastic body protruding radially is provided on the upper part of each of the blades, so that the root vegetables can be raked and fed by the rotation of the raking member at the same time as the cutting by the rotation of the disk blade. Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a self-propelled root vegetable harvester of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, FIG. 3 is a side view of a cutting device into which a scraping member of the present invention is inserted, and FIG. 5 is a side view showing an upper guide body, FIG. 6 is a front view of a raising device provided with a weeding board, and FIG. 7 is a side view showing a supporting structure of the weeding board. FIG. 8 is a partially sectional front view showing a cutting device for rotating the scraping member at a low speed. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the overall construction of a self-propelled root vegetable harvesting machine, particularly a root vegetable harvesting machine mainly for ginseng harvesting will be described. First, a crawler-type traveling device 2 is disposed below a horizontally arranged main frame 1, and a driving operation unit A is disposed on the right front (right side in the traveling direction) of the main frame 1. I have. The driving operation unit A has a front column 4 standing upright, an operation lever 5 that can simultaneously steer and excavate and raise and lower the device F is protruded above the front column 4, and an accelerator lever is disposed on a side portion. ing. A side column 3 is erected on the side of the front column 4, and a main transmission lever 12, an auxiliary transmission lever 13, and a work clutch lever 14 protrude from the side column 3. A driver seat 7 is provided behind the front column 4, and an engine room is provided below and below the front column 4. An engine E is built in the engine room, and the engine E is covered by an engine cover 6. . A container table 8 is mounted on the upper part of the engine cover 6. A mechanism for digging root vegetables on the left side of the main frame 1, transporting the root vegetables rearward, and cutting off leaf portions;
A mechanism for accommodating the root in the container 10 is provided at the rear portion. That is, from the left front part of the main frame 1, a pre-processing device C for scraping the leaves, a gauge wheel 43 for setting the height of the drawing conveyor, a raising device 40 for raising the roots of the root vegetables, and a submerged underneath. Conveyor 3 for pinching and transporting the leaves of the root vegetables dug from the rear of the excavator F for digging the root vegetables and the pretreatment device C
0, the tail cutting device S and the cutting device 47 behind the drawing conveyor 30, and the sorting conveyor 50 to be transported to the side container.
Consists of [0008] Each of the series of root vegetable harvesting apparatuses will be specifically described. First, the excavating device F is provided with rotating fulcrum shafts 20 and 21 on the upper and lower portions of the front end of the main frame 1.
The rear portions of the upper link 22 and the lower link 23 are pivotally supported by the pivot shafts 20 and 21, respectively, and the front portions of the upper link 22 and the lower link 23 are pivotally connected to the bracket 25. . The upper link 22 and the lower link 23 form a parallel link, and the upper end of the subsoiler 24 is fixed to the bracket 25. At the rear end of the lower link 23, an arm 26 is provided.
The lift cylinder 27 is connected to a lift cylinder 27 composed of a hydraulic cylinder, and can be raised and lowered by operating the lift cylinder 27. An eccentric cam is interposed between the rear portion of the upper link 22 and the rotation fulcrum shaft 20, and the rotation fulcrum shaft 20 can be driven from an output pulley 29 of the engine via a clutch and a belt. Thus, the subsoiler 24 can be driven to vibrate, and the ground is vibrated from below the root vegetable to lift the root vegetable and facilitate pulling out. The rear portion of the drawing conveyor 30 is supported by a conveyor support frame 31, and the conveyor support frame 31 is supported by a support 32 projecting upward from the main frame 1. The pulling-out conveyor 30 is turned up and down by using the elevation of the excavating device F so that the pulling-out height can be changed or lifted. Further, as shown by a two-dot chain line (30 ') in FIG.
The power transmission mechanism B can be opened. The pull-out conveyor 30 is provided with the transfer frame 3
0L and 30R are arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction and inclined at the front low and rear high, and the rear lower surfaces of the transport frames 30L and 30R are supported by the conveyor support frame 31, and pulleys 33 are provided at both front and rear ends of the transport frames 30L and 30R.・ 33
, And guide pulleys 34
・ The conveyor belts 30a
On the lower surface of the drawing conveyor 30 from the middle to the rear, there is provided an auxiliary conveyance conveyor 36 in which a pair of left and right conveyance belts are wound to hold the root portion of the leaves. Also,
Star wheels 37, 37 are placed on the upper front end of the drawing conveyor 30.
Is arranged to scrape the leaves of the root vegetables. The connecting arm 55 protrudes forward from the front end of the drawing conveyor 30, and the raising device 40 is fixedly mounted so that the vertical height can be adjusted. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the raising device 40 has a driving pulley 67 fixedly mounted on a driving shaft 66 at an upper portion, and a tension pulley 68 at a lower portion.
Is arranged. A belt 70 is wound around these pulleys 67 and 68. The belt 70 is made of an elastic material such as rubber, and has a plurality of protrusions 70a
・ ・ It protrudes. The belt 70 and each pulley 67
68 is covered by a cover 69. The raising device 40 winds a belt 70 projecting the projections 70a, 70a,. The pulling device 41 is fixedly provided by projecting the connecting plate 56 forward from the raising device 40. The lifting device 41 has the same structure as the raising device 40, and winds up and down a belt 70 having projections 70a, 70a,. And the leaves are pulled up from both sides of the harvesting strip. A uniaxial case 63 is provided horizontally at the upper end of the raising device 40, and a single shaft 57 is pivotally supported inside the single shaft case 63. 58 is supported. On the other hand, a power transmission case 59 is disposed on the side of the body in the front-rear direction.
In the rear part of the power transmission case 59, a rotation fulcrum shaft 60
And the outer ends of the single-screw shaft 57 and the double-screw shaft 58 are supported at the front of the power transmission case 59. The power of the rotation fulcrum shaft 60 is transmitted by the transmission case 5.
The inside of the shaft 9 is transmitted to the single-screw shaft 57 and the double-screw shaft 58, which are pivotally supported forward through a sprocket and a chain, thereby rotating the belt 70 of the raising device 40 and the lifting device 41. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a bracket 71 is provided at a substantially central portion in the left-right direction of the uniaxial case 63, and a fixing plate 74 having a rectangular shape in a front view is disposed on the front surface of the bracket 71. Bolts 71 are inserted into elongated holes 74a, 74a,.
are fixed to the bracket 71 so that the vertical position can be adjusted. The fixing plate 74
The upper end of the support rod 73 is fixed to the front surface of the support rod 73, and the support rod 73 extends to near the ground surface (at a position rearward of the tension roller 68). A weeding plate 72 is attached to the lower part of the support rod 73. The weeding plate 72 has a substantially right-angled triangular shape in a side view, and weeding can be performed using the inclined portion 72a. This weeding plate 72 is attached when root vegetables are planted in two rows. The lifting device 41
In this way, weeding of the leaves falling outside the double-row planting is performed. By passing the weeding plate 72 through the center of the double-row planting, the leaf parts falling inside can be weeded.
Also, as shown in FIG.
The protrusion 70a is arranged in a range where the tip of the protrusion 70a does not reach, and the raising performance of the leaf portion by the raising device 40 is improved. A gauge wheel 43 is arranged on the front side of the raising device 40. This gauge wheel 43
It is rotatably supported at the tip of a support arm 42 projecting to the side of the raising device 40. The gauge wheel 43 is configured to be vertically adjustable on the support arm 42, and when the height of the crawler and the gauge wheel 43 are different, for example, the pre-processing device C including the raising device 40 and the pulling device 41 is provided. The height of the pull-out conveyor 30 can be adjusted, and the holding position of the leaf portion of the root vegetable can be adjusted. At the rear of the pulling-out conveyor 30 and the auxiliary transporting conveyor 36, a leaf discharge conveyor 44 extends horizontally rearward in the front-rear direction. In the middle of the auxiliary transport conveyor 36, a horizontal conveyor 45 extends rearward in the front-rear direction horizontally, and an upper guide body 46 for guiding root vegetables is arranged below the horizontal conveyor 45, A cutting device 47 is disposed at the rear end of the upper guide body 46. The roots of the root vegetables are transferred from the pulling conveyor 30 to the horizontal conveyor 45, and the roots of the root vegetables are inherited in a substantially constant state. Since the position could not be exactly constant, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper part of the leaf was pulled upward by the pull-out conveyor 30 while being conveyed backward by the horizontal conveyor 45, The upper guide body 46 is disposed at a front height and a rear low in a side view. With this configuration, while the leaves are horizontally conveyed by the horizontal conveyor 45, the necks are guided to be pulled downward along the upper guide body 46 so that the necks are aligned.
Accordingly, the arrangement position of the upper guide body 46 is the same as the conventional one, and the cutting position of the root vegetables is aligned. Then, the leaves are cut by the cutting device 47, the roots are dropped on a lower conveyor 48 disposed below the leaves, and the leaves are conveyed to the leaf discharge conveyor 44 and dropped into the field scene from behind. You. The lower conveyor 48 is composed of a wide belt conveyor, and is disposed horizontally from the rear lower part of the auxiliary transport conveyor 36 to the rear.
A lateral feed roller 49 is disposed in an oblique direction on the middle part. The lower conveyor 48 drives the root vegetables to feed backward, rotates the lateral feed roller 49 in accordance with the feed, and arranges the root vegetables such that the root vegetables fall on the front part of the lateral feed roller 49, so that the horizontal feed rollers 49 are fed. By the rotation of the feed roller 49 and the conveyance drive of the lower conveyor 48, the root vegetables fall on the sorting conveyor 50 at the side. The sorting conveyor 50 comprises a wide roller conveyor disposed at the rear of the machine in the left-right direction so as to remove soil adhering to root vegetables while being fed sideways. A container mounting table 54 is disposed below the end of the sorting conveyor 50, and the container mounting table 54 has the container 10 mounted thereon. Also, container stands 53, 53... Are arranged on the side of the machine body, and a container full of root vegetables is placed thereon. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a tail cutting device S is provided below the front portion of the drawing conveyor 30. The supporting configuration of the tail cutting device S is as shown in FIG.
Transport frames 30L and 30R of the pull-out conveyor 30
A support bracket 19 protrudes from the lower surface of the support bracket 19, one end of the parallel link 18 is pivotally supported at an intermediate portion of the support bracket 19, and the other end is pivotally supported by a case of the drive motor 15. A base of a height adjusting cylinder 17 is pivotally supported at a lower portion of the support bracket 19, and a piston rod is pivotally supported at a substantially central portion of the lower parallel link 18. Then, by driving the adjusting cylinder 17, the parallel links 18 can be rotated to move the tail cutting device S up and down, and the position of the disk blade 16 can be adjusted in the vertical direction. However, the mechanism for adjusting the height of the disk blade 16 of the tail cutting device S is not limited to the above-described configuration, but may be a height adjusting cylinder 17.
It is also possible to use a turnbuckle instead of, or to interpose a stay having a long hole or a large number of adjustment holes, and adjust the fixing position with bolts and nuts. A support bracket 38 projects forward from each of the left and right drive motor 15 cases, and a pair of lower guide members 39 are fixed in a symmetrical shape. 39 is moved up and down integrally with the tail cutting device S. The left and right lower guide bodies 39 are fixedly provided at a certain interval such that the tail portion passes therethrough. At the lower portion of the lower guide body 39, receiving guide portions 39a are formed in a "C" shape in plan view as shown in FIG. On the upper part of the lower guide body 39, a tail guide body 39b, which is a rectangular plate, extends rearward and upward in a side view. The left and right tail guides 39b are formed so as to expand outward and upward, and the lower ends are opened at the same intervals as the fixed intervals in the left and right lower guides 39. The rear part of the tail guide body 39b extends to the upper part of the disk blade 16 of the tail cutting device S. [0024] With this configuration, the root vegetables sandwiched by the transport conveyor 30 and transported rearward are not transported on the center line in the left-right direction in the manner in which the body sways or the leaves are gripped. In addition, even when transported sideways, the root vegetables can be collected at the central position. And
It is transported while holding the root vegetable lower portion by the tail guide bodies 39b, 39b, and is transported to the disk blades 16, 16 with the tail protruding downward using the space between the lower ends of the left and right tail guide bodies 39b, 39b. You can cut the tail. By adopting such a configuration that guides the lower part of the root vegetable, it is possible to cut a thin tail of a predetermined size or less regardless of the size of the root vegetable. The tail cutting device S has a pair of rotating shafts 75 projecting above the drive motors 15. The disc blade 16 is provided at an intermediate portion of the rotating shafts 75.
16 is fixed, and the scraping members 76 are fixed to the upper end. As shown in FIG. 5, the raking members 76
The plurality of elastic bodies 77, 77.
Radially projecting from the rake member 76.
Is arranged in parallel with the disk blade 16 on the rotation shaft 75, the scraping member 76 rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the disk blade 16. Therefore, the root vegetables conveyed rearward by the pulling-out conveyor 30 and conveyed to the front of the left and right disk blades 16 are removed by the left and right scraping members 76.
-The forcible feed is forcibly taken in by the rotation of 76 and sent out backward. At this time, the tail is cut at the same time, so that the root vegetables are smoothly transported and cut on the tail cutting device S without staying. The tail cutting device S can also be configured as shown in FIG. That is, on one side, gears 78a and 78b having different numbers of teeth are fixed vertically on a rotating shaft 75 protruding from the drive motor 15 (the number of teeth is 78a).
> 78b), the fixed arm 80 protrudes from the side surface of the drive motor 15, and pivotally supports a drive shaft 79 having an axial center vertically at an end portion. A large transmission gear 81b that meshes is fixed.
At a position substantially above the large transmission gear 81b, a fixed cylinder 82 is pivotally supported, and a small transmission gear 81a that meshes with the large-diameter gear 78a is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cylinder 82, The disk blade 16 'is fixed. And the drive shaft 79 is
It projects further upward, and at the upper end, a scraping member 76 ′
Is fixed. Therefore, by driving the drive motor 15, the rotation speed of the disk blade 16 'becomes high, the rotation speed of the raking member 76' can be made low, and the raking member 76 'is pulled out of the conveyor. 30
Can be adjusted to the transfer speed of The position of the drive motor 15 is not limited to the outside with respect to the drive shaft 79 as shown in FIG.
The drive motor 15 may be provided on one side without being provided on the left and right sides and driven on the other side by a gear or the like.
Further, the scraping member 76 may be arranged in the cutting device 47 for cutting the leaves, so that the leaves after cutting can be smoothly discharged. The present invention is configured as described above.
The following effects are obtained. That is, even in the case of continuously harvesting dense root vegetables, the rotation of the raking member enables the root vegetables to be forcibly conveyed backward, so that the root vegetables do not accumulate in front of the disk blade, and the root vegetables can be reliably collected. Can be cut at an appropriate position, the work can be performed with an increased harvesting speed, and the working efficiency can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a self-propelled root vegetable harvester of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a cutting device for inserting the scraping member of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a scraping portion of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side view showing an upper guide body. FIG. 6 is a front view of a raising device provided with a weeding board. FIG. 7 is a side view showing a support structure for a weeding board. FIG. 8 is a front view, partly in section, showing a cutting device for rotating the scraping member at a low speed. [Description of Signs] S Cutting device F Excavating device 15 Drive motor 16 Disk blade 30 Pulling conveyor 40 Raising device 41 Pulling device 75 Rotating shaft 76 Raking member 77 Feeding section

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akito Yamamoto 1-32 Chayacho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hirotaka Otsuka 1st Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka, Osaka No. 32 Inside Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideki Nishimura 1-32 Chayacho, Kita-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Inside Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-7-95805 (JP, A) 58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (1)

(1) In a cutting device of a root vegetable harvesting machine that cuts a root of a root or a leaf during the process of digging up a root vegetable, holding a leaf portion, and transporting the leaf portion rearward, a pair of root vegetables is provided. Each of the disk blades on the rotating shaft and a raking member made of an elastic body protruding radially above each of the disk blades are provided. Simultaneously with the cutting by the rotation of the disk blade, the rotation of the raking member allows the root vegetables to be raked. A cutting device for a root vegetable harvesting machine characterized in that it can be sent out.