JP3349364B2 - Battery current collector, battery and non-aqueous electrolyte battery - Google Patents

Battery current collector, battery and non-aqueous electrolyte battery

Info

Publication number
JP3349364B2
JP3349364B2 JP27729096A JP27729096A JP3349364B2 JP 3349364 B2 JP3349364 B2 JP 3349364B2 JP 27729096 A JP27729096 A JP 27729096A JP 27729096 A JP27729096 A JP 27729096A JP 3349364 B2 JP3349364 B2 JP 3349364B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
current collector
negative electrode
positive electrode
aqueous electrolyte
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP27729096A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH10106582A (en
Inventor
竜司 大下
幹也 山崎
俊之 能間
晃治 西尾
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP27729096A priority Critical patent/JP3349364B2/en
Publication of JPH10106582A publication Critical patent/JPH10106582A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3349364B2 publication Critical patent/JP3349364B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、電池の正極や負
極において電荷を効率良く収集させるのに使用する電池
用集電体を用いた非水電解質電池に関するものであり、
集電体と正極や負極における電極材料との密着性を向上
させるようにした点に特徴を有するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a battery used for efficiently collecting electric charges at a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a battery.
Non-aqueous electrolyte battery using a current collector for
The present invention is characterized in that the adhesion between the current collector and the electrode material of the positive electrode or the negative electrode is improved.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、電池の正極や負極において電荷を
効率良く収集して電池特性を向上させるために、正極や
負極に集電体を使用することが行なわれていた。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a current collector has been used for a positive electrode or a negative electrode in order to efficiently collect electric charge in a positive electrode or a negative electrode of a battery and improve battery characteristics.

【0003】ここで、このように正極や負極に集電体を
使用する場合、この集電体と正極や負極における電極材
料との密着性が要求され、特に、電解液に電気伝導性の
低い非水電解液を使用した非水電解質電池においては、
正極や負極において電荷を効率良く収集するため、金属
箔からなる集電体に正極材料や負極材料を塗布するよう
にして、これらの電極面積が大きくなるようにしてお
り、特に、これらの電極材料と集電体との密着性が要求
された。
[0003] When a current collector is used for the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the current collector and the electrode material of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are required to have close contact with each other. In a non-aqueous electrolyte battery using a non-aqueous electrolyte,
In order to efficiently collect charges at the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material are applied to a current collector made of a metal foil to increase the area of these electrodes. And a current collector.

【0004】ここで、従来の非水電解質電池において
は、電極材料をペースト状にしたものをアルミニウムや
銅からなる金属箔の表面に塗布して正極や負極を作製す
るようにしていたが、金属箔とこれらの電極材料との密
着性が必ずしも十分ではなく、特に、充放電を繰り返し
て行なうと、金属箔からこれらの電極材料が剥離して、
充放電サイクル特性が低下するという問題があった。
Here, in a conventional nonaqueous electrolyte battery, a paste of an electrode material is applied to the surface of a metal foil made of aluminum or copper to produce a positive electrode or a negative electrode. Adhesion between the foil and these electrode materials is not always sufficient, and in particular, when charging and discharging are repeatedly performed, these electrode materials are separated from the metal foil,
There is a problem that the charge / discharge cycle characteristics are deteriorated.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】この発明は、上記のよ
うに非水電解質電池における正極や負極に集電体を用い
るにあたって、この集電体と正極や負極における電極材
料との密着性を向上させて、正極や負極における電荷の
収率を向上させると共に、電極材料が集電体から剥離す
るのを抑制して、サイクル特性に優れた非水電解質電池
が得られるようにすることを課題とするものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, when a current collector is used for a positive electrode or a negative electrode in a nonaqueous electrolyte battery as described above, the adhesion between the current collector and the electrode material in the positive electrode or the negative electrode is improved. As a result, while improving the yield of electric charges in the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and preventing the electrode material from peeling off from the current collector, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery having excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained. That is the task.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】この発明における非水電
解質電池においては、上記のような課題を解決するた
め、表面がアモルファス化された、アルミニウム、タン
タル、アルミニウム・マンガン合金、銅、ニッケル及び
銅・ニッケル合金から選択された1種の金属箔からなる
集電体に電極材料を塗着して得た正極又は負極を備える
ようにしたものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A non-aqueous hydroelectric device according to the present invention
In the case of degraded batteries,
Aluminum, tan with an amorphous surface
Aluminum, manganese alloy, copper, nickel and
Made of one kind of metal foil selected from copper / nickel alloy
Equipped with a positive electrode or negative electrode obtained by applying an electrode material to the current collector
It is like that.

【0007】[0007]

【0008】[0008]

【0009】ここで、この発明における電池用集電体
は、上記のように少なくともその表面の一部がアモルフ
ァス化されていればよいが、正極や負極における電極材
料との密着性を向上させて、正極や負極における電荷の
収率を向上させると共に、電極材料が集電体から剥離す
るのを十分に抑制するために、集電体の表面全体をアモ
ルファス化させることが好ましい。
Here, the current collector for a battery according to the present invention only needs to have at least a part of its surface amorphous as described above, but it is necessary to improve the adhesion between the positive electrode and the negative electrode with the electrode material. In order to improve the yield of electric charges in the positive electrode and the negative electrode and to sufficiently prevent the electrode material from peeling off from the current collector, it is preferable to make the entire surface of the current collector amorphous.

【0010】また、上記のように集電体の表面をアモル
ファス化させるにあたっては、例えば、金属箔の表面に
CVD法やスパッタリング法等によって金属をアモルフ
ァスさせた状態で付着させてアモルファス化させること
ができる。
When the surface of the current collector is made amorphous as described above, for example, the metal may be made amorphous by attaching the metal to the surface of the metal foil in an amorphous state by a CVD method, a sputtering method, or the like. it can.

【0011】そして、このように表面がアモルファス化
された、アルミニウム、タンタル、アルミニウム・マン
ガン合金、銅、ニッケル及び銅・ニッケル合金から選択
された1種の金属箔からなる集電体に電極材料を塗着し
て得た正極又は負極を備えたことを特徴とする非水電解
質電池を使用した場合、前記集電体のアモルファス化さ
れた部分において電極材料と集電体との密着性が向上
し、正極や負極における電荷の収率が向上すると共に、
電極材料が集電体から剥離するということも少なくなっ
て電池におけるサイクル特性が向上する。
Then, the surface becomes amorphous as described above.
Aluminum, tantalum, aluminum man
Select from gun alloy, copper, nickel and copper-nickel alloy
Electrode material on the current collector made of one kind of metal foil
Nonaqueous electrolysis characterized by comprising a positive electrode or a negative electrode obtained by
When using quality battery, and improves the adhesion between the electrode material and the current collector in the amorphized portion of the current collector, thereby improving the yield of charge in the positive electrode and the negative electrode,
Separation of the electrode material from the current collector is reduced, and the cycle characteristics of the battery are improved.

【0012】[0012]

【0013】[0013]

【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例について具体的に説
明すると共に、比較例をあげ、この実施例に示した非水
電解質電池を用いると、比較例のものに比べて充放電サ
イクルが向上することを明らかにする。尚、この発明は
以下の実施例に示したものに限定されず、この発明の要
旨を変更しない範囲で適宜変更して実施できるものであ
る。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the specifically described embodiments of the present invention, comparative examples, a non-aqueous shown in this example
It is clarified that the use of the electrolyte battery improves the charge / discharge cycle as compared with that of the comparative example. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to those shown in the following embodiments, but can be implemented with appropriate changes within the scope of the present invention.

【0014】(実施例1〜5及び比較例1)これらの実
施例及び比較例においては、下記のようにして作製した
正極と負極とを用いると共に、下記のようにして調整し
た非水電解液を用いて図1に示すような単3型の非水電
解質二次電池を作製した。
(Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1) In these Examples and Comparative Examples, a positive electrode and a negative electrode produced as described below were used, and a non-aqueous electrolyte prepared as follows. Was used to produce an AA non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery as shown in FIG.

【0015】ここで、正極を作製するにあたっては、正
極材料として、リチウムコバルト複合酸化物LiCoO
2 を用い、平均粒径が5〜10μmのLiCoO2 粉末
と、導電剤である人造黒鉛粉末と、結着剤であるポリフ
ッ化ビニリデン樹脂粉末とを90:5:5の重量比で混
合し、この混合物を正極集電体の両面に塗布した後、こ
れを熱処理して正極を作製した。
In preparing the positive electrode, a lithium-cobalt composite oxide LiCoO was used as the positive electrode material.
2 , using LiCoO 2 powder having an average particle size of 5 to 10 μm, artificial graphite powder as a conductive agent, and polyvinylidene fluoride resin powder as a binder in a weight ratio of 90: 5: 5, This mixture was applied to both surfaces of a positive electrode current collector, and then heat-treated to prepare a positive electrode.

【0016】ここで、正極集電体として、実施例1〜5
においては、それぞれの金属箔の表面にCVD法によっ
てそれぞれの金属をアモルファス状態で蒸着させたもの
を用いるようにし、下記の表1に示すように、実施例
1,2,5においてはアルミニウム箔の両面にアルミニ
ウムをアモルファス状態で蒸着させたものを、実施例3
においてはタンタル箔の両面にタンタルをアモルファス
状態で蒸着させたものを、実施例4においてはアルミニ
ウム・マンガン合金からなる箔の両面にアルミニウム・
マンガン合金をアモルファス状態で蒸着させたものを用
いるようにした。一方、比較例1においては、アルミニ
ウム箔をそのまま用いるようにした。
Here, Examples 1 to 5 were used as positive electrode current collectors.
In each of Examples 1, 2 and 5, aluminum foil was used in Examples 1, 2 and 5, as shown in Table 1 below. Example 3 was obtained by depositing aluminum in an amorphous state on both surfaces.
In Example 2, tantalum was vapor-deposited in an amorphous state on both sides of a tantalum foil.
A manganese alloy deposited in an amorphous state was used. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the aluminum foil was used as it was.

【0017】また、負極を作製するにあたっては、負極
材料として天然黒鉛を用い、平均粒径が18μmの天然
黒鉛粉末と、結着剤であるポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂粉
末とを95:5の重量比で混合し、この混合物を負極集
電体の両面に塗布した後、これを熱処理して負極を作製
した。
In preparing the negative electrode, natural graphite was used as a negative electrode material, and natural graphite powder having an average particle size of 18 μm and polyvinylidene fluoride resin powder as a binder were mixed at a weight ratio of 95: 5. After mixing and applying this mixture to both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector, this was heat-treated to prepare a negative electrode.

【0018】ここで、負極集電体として、実施例1〜5
においては、それぞれの金属箔の表面にCVD法によっ
てそれぞれの金属をアモルファス状態で蒸着させたもの
を用いるようにし、下記の表1に示すように実施例1,
3,4においては、銅箔の両面に銅をアモルファス状態
で蒸着させたものを、実施例2においては銅・ニッケル
合金からなる箔の両面に銅・ニッケル合金をアモルファ
ス状態で蒸着させたものを、実施例5においてはニッケ
ル箔の両面にニッケルをアモルファス状態で蒸着させた
ものを用いるようにした。一方、比較例1においては、
銅箔をそのまま使用するようにした。
Here, Examples 1 to 5 were used as the negative electrode current collector.
In each of Examples 1 and 2, the metal was deposited in an amorphous state on the surface of each metal foil by a CVD method, and as shown in Table 1 below, Examples 1 and 2 were used.
In Examples 3 and 4, copper foil was deposited on both sides of a copper foil in an amorphous state, and in Example 2, copper foil and a nickel alloy were deposited on both sides of a foil of a nickel alloy in an amorphous state. In Example 5, nickel was used in which nickel was deposited in an amorphous state on both sides of the nickel foil. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1,
The copper foil was used as it was.

【0019】また、非水電解液としては、エチレンカー
ボネートとジエチルカーボネートとを1:1の割合で混
合させた混合溶媒に、溶質としてヘキサフルオロリン酸
リチウムLiPF6 を1mol/lの割合で溶解させた
非水電解液を用いるようにした。
As the non-aqueous electrolyte, lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF 6 as a solute is dissolved at a ratio of 1 mol / l in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate at a ratio of 1: 1. Non-aqueous electrolyte was used.

【0020】そして、実施例1〜5及び比較例1の各非
水電解質二次電池を作製するにあたっては、図1に示す
ように、正極集電体1aに正極材料1bを塗布して形成
した正極1と、負極集電体2aに負極材料2bを塗布し
て形成した負極2との間に、それぞれセパレータ3とし
てリチウムイオン透過性のポリプロピレン性の微多孔膜
を介在させ、これらをスパイラル状に巻いて電池缶4内
に収容させた後、この電池缶4内に上記の非水電解液を
注液して封口し、正極1を正極リード5を介して正極外
部端子6に接続させると共に、負極2を負極リード7を
介して電池缶4に接続させ、電池缶4と正極外部端子6
とを絶縁パッキン8により電気的に分離させた。
In manufacturing the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a positive electrode current collector 1a was coated with a positive electrode material 1b. Between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 formed by applying the negative electrode material 2b to the negative electrode current collector 2a, a lithium ion permeable polypropylene microporous film is interposed as a separator 3 and these are spirally formed. After being wound and accommodated in the battery can 4, the above-mentioned non-aqueous electrolyte is injected into the battery can 4 and sealed, and the positive electrode 1 is connected to the positive electrode external terminal 6 via the positive electrode lead 5, The negative electrode 2 is connected to the battery can 4 via the negative electrode lead 7, and the battery can 4 and the positive external terminal 6 are connected.
Are electrically separated by an insulating packing 8.

【0021】次に、上記のようにして作製した実施例1
〜5及び比較例1の各非水電解質二次電池に対して、そ
れぞれ充電電流200mAで充電終止電圧4.2Vまで
充電させた後、放電電流200mAで放電終止電圧2.
75Vまで放電を行ない、これを1サイクルとして50
0サイクルの充放電を行ない、各非水電解質電池におけ
るサイクル数と放電容量との関係を調べて、その結果を
図2に示すと共に、500サイクル後における各非水電
解質電池のサイクル劣化率を求め、その結果を下記の表
1に示した。なお、表1において、「α−アルミニウ
ム」とは「アモルファスアルミニウム」を表している。
Next, the first embodiment manufactured as described above was used.
After charging each of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 to a charge end voltage of 4.2 V at a charge current of 200 mA, the discharge end voltage was set to 1.20 at a discharge current of 200 mA.
Discharge to 75 V
Zero cycle charge / discharge was performed, and the relationship between the number of cycles and discharge capacity in each nonaqueous electrolyte battery was examined. The results are shown in FIG. 2 and the cycle deterioration rate of each nonaqueous electrolyte battery after 500 cycles was determined. The results are shown in Table 1 below. In Table 1, “α-aluminum” represents “amorphous aluminum”.

【0022】[0022]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0023】図2及び表1に示す結果から明らかなよう
に、表面がアモルファス化された、アルミニウム、タン
タル、アルミニウム・マンガン合金、銅、ニッケル及び
銅・ニッケル合金から選択された1種の金属箔からなる
集電体に電極材料を塗着して得た正極又は負極を備えた
実施例1〜5の各非水電解質二次電池は、表面がアモル
ファス化されていない集電体を使用した比較例1の非水
電解質二次電池に比べてサイクル数の増加に伴う放電容
量の低下が少なく、サイクル劣化率が低下しており、非
水電解質二次電池における充放電サイクル特性が向上し
ていた。
As is clear from the results shown in FIG. 2 and Table 1 , aluminum and tan having an amorphous surface were obtained.
Aluminum, manganese alloy, copper, nickel and
Made of one kind of metal foil selected from copper / nickel alloy
Each of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries of Examples 1 to 5 including a positive electrode or a negative electrode obtained by applying an electrode material to a current collector uses a current collector whose surface is not amorphous. As compared with the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of Comparative Example 1, the decrease in the discharge capacity with the increase in the number of cycles is small, the cycle deterioration rate is reduced, and the charge / discharge cycle characteristics in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery are improved. I was

【0024】[0024]

【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、この発明において
は、表面がアモルファス化された、アルミニウム、タン
タル、アルミニウム・マンガン合金、銅、ニッケル及び
銅・ニッケル合金から選択された1種の金属箔からなる
集電体に電極材料を塗着して得た正極又は負極を備えた
ことを特徴とする非水電解質電池において、電極材料と
集電体との密着性が向上し、正極や負極における電荷の
収率が向上されると共に、電極材料が集電体から剥離す
るということも少なくなり、電池におけるサイクル特性
が向上した。
As described in detail above, according to the present invention , aluminum and tan having an amorphous surface are provided.
Aluminum, manganese alloy, copper, nickel and
Made of one kind of metal foil selected from copper / nickel alloy
Equipped with a positive electrode or negative electrode obtained by applying an electrode material to the current collector
In the nonaqueous electrolyte battery , the adhesion between the electrode material and the current collector is improved, the charge yield on the positive electrode and the negative electrode is improved, and the electrode material is separated from the current collector. And the cycle characteristics of the battery were improved.

【0025】[0025]

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】実施例1〜5及び比較例1の各非水電解質二次
電池の内部構造を示した断面説明図である。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view showing the internal structure of each of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1.

【図2】実施例1〜5及び比較例1の各非水電解質二次
電池におけるサイクル数と放電容量との関係を示した図
である。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of cycles and the discharge capacity in each of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 正極 1a 正極集電体 2 負極 2a 負極集電体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Positive electrode 1a Positive electrode collector 2 Negative electrode 2a Negative electrode collector

フロントページの続き (72)発明者 西尾 晃治 大阪府守口市京阪本通2丁目5番5号 三洋電機株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平8−78011(JP,A) 特開 平9−115524(JP,A) 特開 昭59−87777(JP,A) 特開 昭61−260543(JP,A) 特開 昭63−259965(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) H01M 4/64 - 4/80 Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Koji Nishio 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-8-78011 (JP, A) JP-A-9- 115524 (JP, A) JP-A-59-87777 (JP, A) JP-A-61-260543 (JP, A) JP-A-63-259965 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. 7 , DB name) H01M 4/64-4/80

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】(1) 表面がアモルファス化された、アルミニAluminium with an amorphous surface
ウム、タンタル、アルミニウム・マンガン合金、銅、ニ, Tantalum, aluminum-manganese alloys, copper,
ッケル及び銅・ニッケル合金から選択された1種の金属One metal selected from nickel and copper / nickel alloy
箔からなる集電体に電極材料を塗着して得た正極又は負Positive or negative electrode obtained by applying an electrode material to a current collector made of foil
極を備えたことを特徴とする非水電解質電池。A nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising a pole.
JP27729096A 1996-09-27 1996-09-27 Battery current collector, battery and non-aqueous electrolyte battery Expired - Fee Related JP3349364B2 (en)

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JPH10106582A JPH10106582A (en) 1998-04-24
JP3349364B2 true JP3349364B2 (en) 2002-11-25

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2608296A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-26 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Amorphous-metal current collector
JP7077736B2 (en) * 2018-04-09 2022-05-31 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Secondary battery
CN111244434A (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-06-05 黑龙江科技大学 Method for preparing lithium ion battery cathode material by combining CVD with MAO

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