JP3341072B2 - Blast furnace bottom cooling piping and blast furnace bottom cooling method - Google Patents
Blast furnace bottom cooling piping and blast furnace bottom cooling methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3341072B2 JP3341072B2 JP30078993A JP30078993A JP3341072B2 JP 3341072 B2 JP3341072 B2 JP 3341072B2 JP 30078993 A JP30078993 A JP 30078993A JP 30078993 A JP30078993 A JP 30078993A JP 3341072 B2 JP3341072 B2 JP 3341072B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- furnace bottom
- blast furnace
- center
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、高炉炉底の冷却配管及
びその冷却方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling pipe for a blast furnace bottom and a method for cooling the same.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】高炉においては、炉底耐火物の浸食を防
止するために炉底レンガの下部に冷却配管を設置し、水
や空気等の冷却媒体を流して冷却することが行われてい
る。従来の冷却配管方法は、平行に配置した配管に冷却
媒体を流す方法が一般的であるが、この方法では炉底部
に熱負荷分布がある場合に熱負荷の大小に応じて冷却能
を制御することができない。近年の大型高炉では、炉底
周辺部に環状流が生じて熱負荷が高くなることが多く、
この部位の選択的浸食を防ぐため炉底中心部に比べて炉
底周辺部を強く冷却するのが望ましい場合が多い。この
問題を解決すべく特開昭58−55509号公報や特開
昭63−105913号公報に、それぞれ炉底中心部と
周辺部を別々に冷却制御することによって冷却能を変え
ることができる冷却配管方法、冷却管内の一部に伝熱抵
抗体を設けて冷却能の異なる領域を形成する方法が提案
されている。2. Description of the Related Art In a blast furnace, a cooling pipe is installed at a lower portion of a bottom brick to prevent erosion of a bottom refractory, and cooling is performed by flowing a cooling medium such as water or air. . The conventional cooling piping method is generally a method of flowing a cooling medium through pipes arranged in parallel.In this method, when there is a heat load distribution at the bottom of the furnace, the cooling capacity is controlled according to the magnitude of the heat load. Can not do. In recent years, large-scale blast furnaces often have an annular flow around the bottom of the furnace, increasing the heat load.
In many cases, it is desirable to cool the periphery of the furnace bottom more strongly than the center of the furnace bottom in order to prevent selective erosion of this part. In order to solve this problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-55509 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-105913 disclose cooling pipes capable of changing the cooling capacity by separately controlling the cooling of the central part and the peripheral part of the furnace bottom. A method has been proposed in which a heat transfer resistor is provided in a part of a cooling pipe to form regions having different cooling capacities.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、特開昭
58−55509号公報の方法は、炉底周辺部に複数の
冷却ダクトを設けることから構造が複雑になり設備工事
上の難度が高くなる。また、特開昭63−105913
号公報の方法も、冷却配管内に伝熱抵抗体を設ける方法
が難しく、設備費・工事費が高くなるなどの欠点があっ
た。本発明は、特に複雑な構造や配管以外の特別な部品
を用いることなく炉底の温度分布に応じて炉底半径方向
の冷却能を制御できる高炉炉底冷却配管及び炉底冷却方
法を提供することを目的とする。However, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-55509, a plurality of cooling ducts are provided around the furnace bottom, which complicates the structure and increases the difficulty in facility construction. Also, JP-A-63-105913
The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-157873 has a disadvantage that it is difficult to provide a heat transfer resistor in a cooling pipe, and equipment and construction costs are increased. The present invention provides a blast furnace bottom cooling pipe and a furnace bottom cooling method capable of controlling the cooling capacity in the furnace bottom radial direction according to the temperature distribution of the furnace bottom without using a special structure other than a particularly complicated structure or piping. The purpose is to:
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、高炉炉底の冷
却配管を渦巻き状に形成し、熱負荷に応じて冷却媒体の
流れる方向と流量を制御することによって、設備的に特
に複雑な構造を用いずに炉底中心部と周辺部の冷却能を
変えることを可能にしたことを特徴とする。すなわち、
本発明の要旨とするところは、(1).高炉炉底面の冷
却配管を周辺部から中心部へ渦巻き状に形成し、冷却媒
体の入口または出口を前記冷却配管の周辺部と中心部に
各1箇所及び中間部に2箇所設け、該冷却配管が周辺部
−中間部、中間部−中心部の2系統からなることを特徴
とする高炉炉底冷却配管、(2).(1)に記載の高炉
炉底冷却配管を用いる冷却方法において、炉底中心部、
中間部、外周部の温度が、中心部>中間部>外周部の
とき2系統の該高炉炉底冷却配管を直列に接続して冷却
媒体が中心部から中間部を経由して外周部に至る方向
に、中心部<中間部<外周部のとき2系統の該高炉炉
底冷却配管を直列に接続して冷却媒体を外周部から中間
部を経由して中心部に至る方向に、また中間部の温度
が最高のとき2系統の該高炉炉底冷却配管を並列に接続
して中間部から中心部及び外周部に至る方向に、中間
部の温度が最低のとき2系統の該高炉炉底冷却配管を並
列に接続して中心部か及び外周部から中間部に至る方向
に、中心部、中間部、周辺部の各温度差は小さいが、
中心部から周辺部に向かって温度がわずかに高いとき2
系統の該高炉炉底冷却配管を並列に接続し周辺部から中
間部及び中間部から中心部に至る方向に、 中心部、
中間部、周辺部の各温度差は小さいが、中心部から周辺
部に向かって温度がわずかに低いとき2系統の該高炉炉
底冷却配管を並列に接続し中間部から周辺部及び中心部
から中間部に至る方向に、それぞれ冷却を強くしたい部
位の冷却水温度が低くなるような温度分布を前記、
、、、、から選択し、その温度分布になるよ
うに冷却配管の接続と冷却方向に冷却媒体を流すことを
特徴とする高炉炉底冷却方法にある。According to the present invention, the cooling pipe at the bottom of the blast furnace is formed in a spiral shape, and the flow direction and the flow rate of the cooling medium are controlled in accordance with the heat load. It is characterized in that it is possible to change the cooling capacity of the central part and the peripheral part of the furnace bottom without using a structure. That is,
The gist of the present invention is (1). The cooling pipe on the bottom of the blast furnace is formed spirally from the peripheral part to the central part, and the inlet or outlet of the cooling medium is provided at the peripheral part and the central part of the cooling pipe.
The cooling pipes are provided at one location and at two locations in the middle ,
-A middle part, a middle part- a blast furnace bottom cooling pipe, comprising two systems of a central part , (2). In the cooling method using the blast furnace bottom cooling pipe described in (1),
When the temperature of the intermediate portion and the outer peripheral portion is central portion> intermediate portion> outer peripheral portion, two blast furnace bottom cooling pipes are connected in series, and the cooling medium reaches the outer peripheral portion from the central portion via the intermediate portion. When the center portion <intermediate portion <peripheral portion, the two blast furnace bottom cooling pipes are connected in series so that the cooling medium flows from the outer peripheral portion to the central portion via the intermediate portion, and also to the intermediate portion. in the direction in which the temperature of the reaches the central portion and the outer peripheral portion from the intermediate portion to connect the highest when the two systems the high furnace hearth cooling piping in parallel, the high furnace hearth cooling of two systems when the temperature of the middle portion is the lowest In the direction from the central part and the outer peripheral part to the intermediate part by connecting the pipes in parallel, the temperature difference between the central part, the intermediate part, and the peripheral part is small,
When the temperature is slightly higher from the center to the periphery 2
The blast furnace bottom cooling pipes of the system are connected in parallel and
In the direction from the middle and the middle to the center, the center,
The temperature difference between the center and the periphery is small, but from the center to the periphery
In a direction leading to the intermediate portion from the peripheral portion and the central portion from between in the high furnace hearth cooling pipes of two systems when the temperature is slightly lower then connected in parallel portion toward the part, the cooling water of the region to be strongly respectively cooling The temperature distribution such that the temperature is lowered,
A blast furnace bottom cooling method characterized by selecting from among,,, and, and connecting a cooling pipe and flowing a cooling medium in a cooling direction so that the temperature distribution is obtained.
【0005】[0005]
【作用】高炉の炉底部分には炉芯と呼ばれるコークスの
充填領域が存在し、その空隙部分に鉱石の還元・溶融に
よって生じた溶銑・溶滓が溜まっている。炉底にはカー
ボンを主成分とする耐火物が使われているが、溶銑の流
れと熱負荷による耐火物の浸食を防ぐため耐火物下部に
冷却配管を設けて冷却することが行われている。溶銑の
流れは炉体の浸食プロフィルや炉芯の下端形状・炉芯内
の通液性などによって異なり、例えば炉芯が完全に沈下
して炉底についているときに比べ、炉芯全体が浮上して
炉底との間に狭い隙間ができているときはこの空間を溶
銑が多く流れ、また、炉芯の中心部が炉底について周辺
部が浮いて隙間があるときは、この隙間を通って出銑口
へ向かう環状流ができる。このような溶銑が多く流れる
部分に相当する炉底耐火物は温度が上昇して熱負荷を多
く受ける。In the bottom of the blast furnace, there is a coke filling region called a furnace core, and hot metal and slag produced by the reduction and melting of ore are accumulated in the voids. Refractories containing carbon as the main component are used in the furnace bottom, but cooling is performed by installing cooling pipes under the refractory to prevent erosion of the refractory due to the flow of hot metal and heat load . The flow of hot metal differs depending on the erosion profile of the furnace, the shape of the lower end of the mandrel, and the liquid permeability in the mandrel. When there is a narrow gap between the furnace bottom and the furnace bottom, a lot of hot metal flows through this space, and when the center part of the furnace core floats around the furnace bottom and there is a gap, through this gap An annular flow toward the taphole is created. The temperature of the hearth refractory corresponding to the portion where the hot metal flows a lot increases and receives much heat load.
【0006】通常の高炉操業においては炉底耐火物に埋
設した温度計により耐火物の温度変化を監視して温度が
上昇した場合に対策をとるが、本発明に示す冷却配管を
用いた場合は、以下のように炉底冷却能を制御すること
ができる。鉄製の冷却配管を用いて冷却媒体に水を使用
する場合を例にとって図面を用いて説明する。すなわ
ち、(1).図1は炉底冷却配管を図示したもので
(a)は正面図、(b)は平面図である。図に示すよう
に高炉炉底面の冷却配管3を渦巻き状に形成し、冷却水
の入口または出口を周辺部と中心部の各1箇所のほかに
その中間部にもう2箇所設け、周辺部−中間部、中間部
−中心部の2系統に冷却水を直列または並列に、かつい
ずれの方向にも流すことができるような炉底冷却配管を
用いた場合は、冷却水の流し方によって、直列に接続し
た場合は、冷却水を流す方向によって、周辺部から中
心部に向けて流したとき炉底面の直径方向に対して冷却
水温度を図2のような分布に、中心部から周辺部に向
けて流したとき炉底面の直径方向に対して冷却水温度を
図3のような分布にすることができる。また、並列に接
続した場合はそれぞれに冷却水を流す方向によって、
周辺→中間、中間→中心、周辺→中間、中心→中間、
中間→周辺、中間→中心、中間→周辺、中心→中間
のときそれぞれ図4、図5、図6、図7のような冷却水
温度分布にすることができる。また冷却水流量を多くす
れば径方向の温度勾配を小さく、冷却水流量を少なくす
れば径方向の温度勾配を大きくすることができる。した
がって炉底耐火物に埋設した温度計の測温値が高くすな
わち冷却を強くしたい部位の冷却水温度が低くなるよう
な温度分布を図2、3、4、5、6,7から選択し、そ
の温度分布になるように冷却配管の接続と冷却方向の制
御を行えば、効果的に炉底耐火物の浸食を抑制すること
ができる。In normal blast furnace operation, a change in temperature of the refractory is monitored by a thermometer buried in the refractory at the bottom of the furnace, and a countermeasure is taken when the temperature rises. The furnace bottom cooling capacity can be controlled as follows. An example in which water is used as a cooling medium using an iron cooling pipe will be described with reference to the drawings. That is, (1). 1A and 1B show a furnace bottom cooling pipe, wherein FIG. 1A is a front view and FIG. 1B is a plan view. As shown in the figure, the cooling pipe 3 on the bottom of the blast furnace is formed in a spiral shape,
In addition to the inlet and outlet of the peripheral part and the central part , two other parts are provided at the intermediate part in addition to the peripheral part and the central part , and the cooling water is serially or in parallel to the two systems of the peripheral part-the intermediate part and the intermediate part-the central part, and If a furnace bottom cooling pipe that can flow in any direction is used, depending on the flow of cooling water, if connected in series, from the periphery to the center, depending on the direction of cooling water flow As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature of the cooling water is distributed in the direction of the diameter of the furnace bottom when flowing, and as shown in FIG. 3, the temperature of the cooling water is distributed in the direction of the diameter of the furnace bottom when flowing from the center to the periphery. Distribution. When connected in parallel, depending on the direction of cooling water flow,
Periphery → Middle, Middle → Center, Peripheral → Middle, Center → Middle,
In the case of middle → periphery, middle → center, middle → periphery, center → middle, the cooling water temperature distribution as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. Also, increasing the cooling water flow rate can reduce the radial temperature gradient, and reducing the cooling water flow rate can increase the radial temperature gradient. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the thermometer buried in the furnace bottom refractory is high, that is, the temperature distribution in which the cooling water temperature of the part where the cooling is desired to be increased is selected from FIGS. If the connection of the cooling pipe and the control of the cooling direction are performed so that the temperature distribution is obtained, the erosion of the furnace bottom refractory can be effectively suppressed.
【0007】(実施例1) 図1のごとく高炉炉底面の鉄製冷却配管3を巻数15の
渦巻き状に形成し、冷却媒体の入口または出口を周辺部
と中心部の各1箇所のほかその中間部すなわち外側から
7巻の位置に2箇所設け、周辺→中間、中間→中心の2
系統に冷却水を直列または並列に、かついずれの方向に
も流すことができるような炉底冷却水配管を設置した1
つの高炉において、炉底耐火物に埋設した温度計4の指
示値をみながら、周辺部と中心部の指示値の差異及び変
動が小さい状況では配管を直列に接続して交互に冷却水
流の方向を変えて操業していたが、ある時点において温
度計の指示値のうち、炉底中央と外周の中間付近の指示
値が約30℃上昇した。この部位の耐火物の浸食が進行
したものと推定し、冷却水流を並列に切り換え、方向を
中間→周辺、中間→中心としかつ冷却水流量を10%増
加する冷却方法を暫く継続し、炉底中間部位の温度に低
下傾向が現れ、20℃低下したところで当初の冷却方法
に戻した。これにより、炉底中間部位の温度上昇を抑
え、それ以上の炉底耐火物の浸食を抑制することができ
た。(Example 1) As shown in FIG. 1, an iron cooling pipe 3 on the bottom of a blast furnace is formed in a spiral shape with 15 turns, and an inlet or an outlet of a cooling medium is provided at each of a peripheral portion and a central portion , and between them. It provided two positions from the outer snare Chi to parts in the position of the Volume 7, peripheral → intermediate, intermediate → center 2
Furnace bottom cooling water piping was installed so that cooling water could flow in either direction in series or in parallel to the system.
In the two blast furnaces, while observing the indicated value of the thermometer 4 buried in the refractory at the bottom of the furnace, if the difference and the fluctuation of the indicated value in the peripheral part and the central part are small, the pipes are connected in series and the direction of the cooling water flow alternately However, at a certain point in time, among the indicated values of the thermometer, the indicated values near the center of the furnace bottom and the middle of the outer periphery increased by about 30 ° C. It is presumed that the erosion of the refractory in this portion has progressed, and the cooling water flow is switched in parallel, and the cooling method of changing the direction from middle to peripheral, middle to center, and increasing the cooling water flow by 10% is continued for a while. The temperature at the intermediate portion showed a tendency to decrease. When the temperature decreased by 20 ° C., the cooling method was returned to the original one. As a result, it was possible to suppress a rise in the temperature of the middle part of the furnace bottom and suppress further erosion of the furnace bottom refractory.
【0008】[0008]
【発明の効果】本発明によって以下の効果を奏する。高
炉炉底面の下部に特に複雑な設備を用いることなく、2
系統に分割した冷却配管の接続方法及び水流の方向と水
量を制御することによって、炉底の径方向に細かい冷却
能パターンを形成することができ、炉底浸食形状や溶銑
流の径方向分布 に応じてより効果的に冷却を行いつつ炉
底耐火物の浸食を抑制することができる。According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. Without using a particularly complex equipment at the bottom of the high <br/> furnace furnace bottom, 2
Connection method of cooling pipe divided into systems, direction of water flow and water
By controlling the amount, fine cooling in the radial direction of the furnace bottom
Pattern can be formed.
Corrosion of the furnace bottom refractory can be suppressed while cooling is more effectively performed according to the radial distribution of the flow .
【図1】本発明(実施例1)の炉底冷却配管図FIG. 1 is a furnace bottom cooling piping diagram of the present invention (Example 1).
【図2】炉底冷却水の径方向温度分布FIG. 2 Radial temperature distribution of furnace bottom cooling water
【図3】炉底冷却水の径方向温度分布FIG. 3 Radial temperature distribution of furnace bottom cooling water
【図4】炉底冷却水の径方向温度分布FIG. 4 Radial temperature distribution of hearth cooling water
【図5】炉底冷却水の径方向温度分布FIG. 5 Radial temperature distribution of furnace bottom cooling water
【図6】炉底冷却水の径方向温度分布FIG. 6: Radial temperature distribution of hearth cooling water
【図7】炉底冷却水の径方向温度分布FIG. 7: Radial temperature distribution of furnace bottom cooling water
1 高炉炉体 2 炉底耐火物 3 炉底冷却配管 4 埋設温度計 DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1 Blast furnace body 2 Furnace bottom refractory 3 Furnace bottom cooling pipe 4 Buried thermometer
Claims (2)
部へ渦巻き状に形成し、冷却媒体の入口または出口を前
記冷却配管の周辺部と中心部に各1箇所及び中間部に2
箇所設け、該冷却配管が周辺部−中間部、中間部−中心
部の2系統からなることを特徴とする高炉炉底冷却配
管。1. A cooling pipe on the bottom of a blast furnace is spirally formed from a peripheral part to a central part, and an inlet or an outlet of a cooling medium is provided at one point at the peripheral part and at the central part of the cooling pipe and at two points at an intermediate part.
Location , the cooling pipe is located in the peripheral part-intermediate part, intermediate part-center
A blast furnace furnace bottom cooling pipe, comprising two systems:
いる冷却方法において、炉底中心部、中間部、外周部の
温度が、中心部>中間部>外周部のとき2系統の該高
炉炉底冷却配管を直列に接続して冷却媒体が中心部から
中間部を経由して外周部に至る方向に、中心部<中間
部<外周部のとき2系統の該高炉炉底冷却配管を直列に
接続して冷却媒体を外周部から中間部を経由して中心部
に至る方向に、また中間部の温度が最高のとき2系統
の該高炉炉底冷却配管を並列に接続して中間部から中心
部及び外周部に至る方向に、中間部の温度が最低のと
き2系統の該高炉炉底冷却配管を並列に接続して中心部
及び外周部から中間部に至る方向に、中心部、中間
部、周辺部の各温度差は小さいが、中心部から周辺部に
向かって温度がわずかに高いとき2系統の該高炉炉底冷
却配管を並列に接続し周辺部から中間部及び中間部から
中心部に至る方向に、 中心部、中間部、周辺部の各
温度差は小さいが、中心部から周辺部に向かって温度が
わずかに低いとき2系統の該高炉炉底冷却配管を並列に
接続し中間部から周辺部及び中心部から中間部に至る方
向に、それぞれ冷却を強くしたい部位の冷却水温度が低
くなるような温度分布を前記、、、、、か
ら選択し、その温度分布になるように冷却配管の接続と
冷却方向に冷却媒体を流すことを特徴とする高炉炉底冷
却方法。2. The cooling method using a blast furnace bottom cooling pipe according to claim 1, wherein when the temperature of the center, the middle, and the outer periphery of the furnace bottom is center>intermediate> outer periphery, two systems are used. The blast furnace bottom cooling pipes are connected in series, and the cooling medium is connected to two systems of the blast furnace bottom cooling pipes in the direction from the center to the outer periphery through the middle through the middle when the center is smaller than the middle. The cooling medium is connected in series in the direction from the outer peripheral portion to the central portion via the intermediate portion, and when the temperature of the intermediate portion is the highest, the two blast furnace bottom cooling pipes are connected in parallel to form the intermediate portion. In the direction from the central part and the outer peripheral part, when the temperature of the intermediate part is the lowest, two systems of the blast furnace bottom cooling pipes are connected in parallel, and in the direction from the central part and the outer peripheral part to the intermediate part, the central part, Middle
The temperature difference between the center and the periphery is small, but from the center to the periphery
In a direction leading to the central portion from the middle-section and the intermediate section headed a high-furnace hearth cooling pipes of two systems when the temperature is slightly higher connected in parallel from the periphery, the central portion, an intermediate portion, the periphery each
Although the temperature difference is small, the temperature increases from the center to the periphery.
In a direction extending from the peripheral portion and the central portion to the intermediate portion slightly from the high furnace furnace between in connecting the bottom cooling piping in parallel portion of the lower case 2 systems, such as cooling water temperature of the region to be strongly each cooling decreases A method for cooling a blast furnace bottom, characterized in that a temperature distribution is selected from the above, ..., ..., and a cooling medium is connected and a cooling medium flows in a cooling direction so that the temperature distribution is obtained.
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JP30078993A JP3341072B2 (en) | 1993-11-08 | 1993-11-08 | Blast furnace bottom cooling piping and blast furnace bottom cooling method |
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JP30078993A JP3341072B2 (en) | 1993-11-08 | 1993-11-08 | Blast furnace bottom cooling piping and blast furnace bottom cooling method |
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JPH07126721A JPH07126721A (en) | 1995-05-16 |
JP3341072B2 true JP3341072B2 (en) | 2002-11-05 |
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CN1049922C (en) * | 1996-03-30 | 2000-03-01 | 安阳钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Method for additionally cooling blast furnace bottom water |
US7051824B1 (en) | 2003-11-03 | 2006-05-30 | Accessible Technologies, Inc. | Supercharged motorcycle |
JP2020161228A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Negative ion source device |
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