JP3332918B1 - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable recovery of a mechanism member such as an excavation mechanism section. An excavator includes a propulsion pipe 1 buried in the ground.
And an excavation mechanism 2 disposed on the distal end side of the propulsion pipe 1 and excavating the ground outside the distal end of the propulsion pipe 1. The excavation mechanism unit 2 is installed in the propulsion pipe 1 so as to be movable back and forth, and has a self-propelled mechanism unit 3 that is detachably fixed to an arbitrary position in the propulsion pipe 1 and moves in the front-rear direction. . Self-propelled mechanism 3
The front and rear clamps 3a and 3b, which can freely expand and contract in a clamped state while being separated from the inner surface, and a jack 3c which can be extended and contracted, in close contact with the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1. By combining the clamp or unclamped state and the expansion and contraction operation of the jacket 3c, the excavation mechanism 2 is moved like a tapeworm.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator and, more particularly, to a mechanical part other than a propulsion pipe, which is used for constructing underground sewers for water and sewage, telephone cables, etc., and is capable of self-propulsion. It relates to an excavator capable of recovering returns.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one type of construction method for underground sewers,
The propulsion method is known. When burying a sewer underground by the propulsion method, a starting shaft that is usually dug in the vertical direction is provided, a drilling machine is introduced from this starting shaft, and excavation is performed horizontally using a drilling machine, The culvert is laid, and the propulsion power for excavation is provided by a propulsion jack or the like provided in the starting shaft.

[0003] The starting shaft is a propulsion work base for a sewer,
It is also a port for taking out earth and sand, materials, equipment and tools, and a doorway for workers. As the excavation progresses, the excavator moves forward,
After that, propulsion pipes are laid sequentially.

[0004] When the excavation work is completed, the propulsion pipe is connected to the excavator, with the excavator at the head, and
Excavators cannot be recovered from the starting shaft side.
Conventionally, in order to collect the excavator and the like, an arrival shaft is provided at the arrival point of the excavator, and the excavator and the like used for the burying work are carried out from the arrival shaft. However,
The conventional excavator having such a configuration has a technical problem described below.

[0005]

That is, in the construction of a sewer as described above, if a trouble such as a failure of the excavator occurs during the excavation, all the propulsion pipes are pulled out and the excavator is taken out. , A method of returning to the initial state of construction, a method of digging with another machine, a method of newly digging an intermediate shaft, collecting a machine, etc.
Each of these methods requires enormous cost and time.

In addition, if existing pipes, existing structures, and the like are present in the construction section of the sewer and there are obstacles (such as reinforced concrete) in the excavation path, it may not be possible to dig the intermediate shaft or the reaching shaft. . In such a case, there is a problem that the excavation work itself cannot be performed. Furthermore, there is a problem that the burial of the sewer cannot be performed in a place where the reaching shaft cannot be dug. The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide an excavator that is configured to be capable of self-propelling and that can collect return in a rearward direction. .

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a propulsion pipe which is pressed from the rear side and is buried in the ground, and which is disposed at a tip side of the propulsion pipe, An excavation mechanism for excavating the outer ground at the tip of the excavation machine, wherein the excavation mechanism is installed movably back and forth in the propulsion pipe, is installed behind the excavation mechanism,
A self-propelled mechanism for fixing the excavation mechanism at an arbitrary position in the propulsion pipe and for moving the excavation mechanism in the front-rear direction is provided. According to the excavator configured as described above, when the excavation mechanism is moved to the rear of the propulsion pipe by the self-propelled mechanism, the excavation mechanism can be returned and collected at the base end side of the propulsion pipe.

For this reason, in the excavator of the present invention, for example,
When docking the propulsion pipe with the existing pipe, it is sufficient to prepare only the starting shaft, eliminating the need for a reaching shaft, saving the cost and time required for excavation work,
Excavation work can be performed even in places where reaching shafts cannot be dug. Further, when a trouble occurs in the excavator, the excavation mechanism can be recovered and repaired without providing an intermediate shaft, and then excavation can be resumed. Between the excavation mechanism and the self-propelled mechanism,
An excavation direction control unit for controlling the excavation direction of the excavation mechanism may be provided. According to this configuration, the propulsion tube can be embedded in a bent state.

The excavating mechanism includes a cutter head that holds an outer peripheral cutter bit and a center cutter bit, is arranged at the foremost end, and is driven to rotate, and a rotation drive unit of the cutter head. A rotation force transmission unit for transmitting the rotation force of the rotation drive unit may be provided.

[0010] The rotational force transmitting section includes a drive plate fixedly mounted on a rotation shaft of the rotary drive section, and a driver fixedly protruding outward by drive pins on the outer periphery of the drive plate. By providing a pair of stoppers provided on the cutter head rotatably supported by the rotating shaft, the driver comes into contact with the pair of stoppers,
The cutter head can be rotated left and right. The outer peripheral cutter bit is installed so as to be slidable along the radial direction of the cutter head, and moves the outer peripheral cutter bit in a radially outer direction to enable outer excavation of the propulsion pipe, and A bit moving mechanism for moving the cutter bit in the center direction so as to be housed in the propulsion pipe can be provided.

The bit moving mechanism section is constituted by fitting an inclined groove provided on the back side of the outer peripheral cutter bit and a head of the drive pin into the inclined groove, and moving the rotating shaft to the right. When rotated, the outer peripheral cutter bit moves in the radial direction of the cutter head, and when the rotating shaft is rotated leftward, the outer peripheral cutter bit moves in the center direction of the cutter head. can do.

[0012] The excavation direction control unit is installed in the propulsion pipe so as to be movable back and forth, and has a support cylinder body having both ends opened for swingably supporting the excavation mechanism unit on the inner surface side via a spherical joint. A plurality of correction jacks are provided in the support cylinder, and the excavation direction of the excavation mechanism can be controlled by adjusting the amount of extension of the correction jack.

[0013] The excavation direction control unit is installed in the propulsion pipe so as to be movable back and forth, and has a support cylinder having both ends opened for swingably supporting the excavation mechanism unit on the inner surface side via a spherical joint. A plurality of correction jacks are provided in the support cylinder, and the excavation direction of the excavation mechanism can be controlled by adjusting the amount of extension of the correction jack.

The self-propelled mechanism portion is installed at a predetermined interval along the axial direction of the propulsion pipe, and has a diameter which is in close contact with the inner surface of the propulsion pipe to be in a clamped state. A front and rear clamp which can be freely reduced so as to be separated from the front and rear clamps, and a telescopic jack which is installed between the front and rear clamps. The above-mentioned clamp is set to the unclamped state, the other clamp is set to the clamped state, the jack is extended, one clamp located forward in the moving direction is set to the clamped state, and the other clamp is set to the unclamped state. The excavation mechanism can be moved in the front-rear direction by sequentially repeating the contraction of the jacks.

The front clamp includes a front cylinder having both ends opened, a ring-shaped elastic body mounted on an outer peripheral surface of the front cylinder, and a front clamp jack for compressing the elastic body from a side. When the front clamp jack is extended and the elastic body is compressed, the elastic body expands and expands in the radial direction to adhere to the inner surface of the propulsion pipe in a water-stopped state, and the front clamp jack Is contracted so that the elastic body contracts and separates from the inner surface of the propulsion tube.

The rear clamp is provided with a slit which is open at one end in the axial direction, and has a rear cylinder body hinged to a plurality of curved plates, and a rear clamp jack provided across the slit portion of the rear cylinder body. The rear clamp jack is extended, the rear cylinder body is expanded in diameter, and is brought into close contact with the inner surface of the propulsion pipe, and the rear clamp jack is contracted to reduce the cylinder body so that the propulsion pipe is reduced. Can be configured to be spaced apart from the inner surface of the.

A crusher cone that eccentrically rotates on the outer periphery of the rotary driving unit that divides a sediment storage space between the propulsion pipe and the drive plate and that penetrates the sediment storage space is provided outside the distal end of the support cylinder. Installed, and the outer cutter bit and the center cutter via a sediment intake hole passing through the cutter head and the drive plate.
The earth and sand excavated by the pit is taken into the earth and sand storage space,
The excavated earth and sand can be secondarily crushed by the crusher cone.

A target is set inside the excavator, and the target is irradiated with laser light from behind the propulsion pipe to measure a current excavation position, and based on the measured excavation position, a direction of excavation is determined. A laser beam position measuring device that corrects the above.

The rotary shaft of the rotary drive unit is provided with an injection hole that penetrates the inside of the rotary drive unit and reaches the tip of the cutter head. When excavation is performed by the excavation mechanism unit, a cleaning liquid made of muddy water or fresh water is supplied. When the excavator is stopped and the excavation mechanism is returned and collected, a ground improvement chemical can be supplied through the injection hole. .

One end of the earth and sand storage space is open to the space, and a sludge portion extending rearward along the propulsion pipe is provided. The sludge portion is provided with air depending on the excavated soil quality. ,
A pinch valve, an air intake valve, a mud feed switching valve and a bypass valve can be provided to enable the switched transport of fluid containing mud or fresh water.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 11 show an embodiment of an excavator according to the present invention. The excavator shown in FIG. 1 includes a propulsion pipe 1, an excavation mechanism 2 disposed on the tip side of the propulsion pipe 1, and a self-propelled mechanism 3
Excavation direction control unit 4, secondary crushing unit 5 for excavated earth and sand,
The apparatus includes a laser beam position measuring device 6 and a sludge discharging section 7.

In the present embodiment, the propulsion tube 1 is formed in a circular cross section. For example, a propulsion jack installed in a starting shaft (not shown) is used to move the propulsion tube 1 from the base end toward the tip end. It is urged and buried in the ground by this urging force.

The propulsion pipe 1 is formed to have a predetermined length by sequentially connecting cylindrical units divided into a predetermined length. The excavation mechanism 2 excavates the ground outside the distal end of the propulsion pipe 1, and is installed in the propulsion pipe 1 so as to be movable back and forth.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 6 to 10, the excavation mechanism 2 includes a cutter head 2a and a rotary drive 2
b and a rotational force transmitting section 2c. The cutter head 2a is formed in a substantially cup shape having an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the propulsion tube 1, and is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the rotation shaft 2c of the rotation drive unit.

[0025] On the front surface of the cutter head 2a, as shown in detail in FIG. 7, the outer circumferential side, three of the outer cutter bit 2e having the same configuration are arranged held at equal angular intervals, center cutters in the center Bit 2f is allocated and held. The portion indicated by reference numeral 2g together with hatching in FIG. 7 is a sediment intake hole penetrating the cutter head 2a in the front-rear direction. Each outer peripheral cutter bit 2e is provided with a bit blade at the tip, and is slidably attached along the radial direction of the cutter head 2a.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, this slide moving mechanism has a pair of concave guide grooves 2h formed on the side surface of the outer peripheral cutter bit 2e to face each other, and a pair of guide plates 2i fixed to the outer surface of the cutter head 2a. Are fitted and inserted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary drive unit 2b includes a motor 2j with a speed reducer and a rotary shaft 2d, and the rotary shaft 2d extends forward along the center axis of the propulsion pipe 1. As shown in FIG. 6, an injection hole 2k reaching the tip of the cutter head 2a and opening therethrough is formed therein.

When the earth and sand are excavated with the bits 2e and 2f of the excavation mechanism 2, the injection hole 2k supplies a cleaning liquid composed of muddy water or fresh water, and stops the excavation of the excavation machine. It is provided to supply a chemical solution for ground improvement when return collection is performed.

The rotational force transmitting section 2c is provided with a cutter head 2a.
As shown in detail in FIGS. 6 and 8, a drive plate 21 fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 2c, a driver 2m, a drive pin 2n, and a stopper 2o And The drive plate 21 is a substantially triangular flat plate having a notch on the outer periphery, one surface of which is adjacent to the cutter head 2a,
And it is installed rotatably on the inside.

On the outer periphery of the drive plate 2l, three drivers 2m are attached by drive pins 2n so as to protrude outward from the outer periphery of the drive plate 2l. The position of this driver 2m is
They are at equal angular intervals, and correspond to the positions where the outer peripheral cutter bits 2e are arranged.

On the other hand, the stopper 2o is
a so that the cutter head 2a
Are arranged opposite to each other at a predetermined interval on the periphery of. According to the torque transmitting unit 2c configured as described above,
When the rotating shaft 2c is rotated rightward, as shown in FIG.
When the driver 2m comes into contact with the right stopper 2o,
The cutter head 2a also rotates clockwise.

On the other hand, when the rotating shaft 2c is rotated to the left,
With the same operation, when the cutter head 2a rotates counterclockwise and changes the rotation direction, a phase difference corresponding to the installation interval of the stopper 2o occurs.

In the case of this embodiment, the outer peripheral cutter bit 2e slidably held in the cutter head 2a in the radial direction is moved by the bit moving mechanism 2p described below.

As shown in FIGS. 6, 8 and 10, the bit moving mechanism 2p has a head of a drive pin 2n for fixing a driver 2m in an inclined groove 2r provided on the back side of each outer cutter bit 2e. Are fitted and inserted.

The inclined groove 2r is inclined inward from the outside so that the axis intersects the diameter of the cutter head 2a at a predetermined angle. According to the bit moving mechanism unit 2p configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), the moving state is shown in FIG.
When the is rotated clockwise, the inclined groove 2r and the drive pin 2
By the fitting of n, the outer peripheral cutter bit 2e moves in a radially outward direction of the cutter head 2a.

On the other hand, when the drive plate 21 is rotated leftward via the rotating shaft 2c, the outer peripheral cutter bit 2e moves toward the center of the cutter head 2a as shown in FIG. The amount of movement of the outer peripheral cutter bit 2e at this time is determined by the inclination angle and length of the inclined groove 2r.

According to the bit moving mechanism 2p, the outer cutter bit 2e is moved radially outward by appropriately selecting the amount of movement so that the outer cutter bit 2e projects outside the propulsion pipe 1. In addition to the fact that the outer excavation in a range larger than the outer diameter of the outer cutter bit 1 can be performed, the outer cutter bit 2 e can be moved in the center direction and stored in the propulsion pipe 1.
When such a configuration is adopted, it is possible to obtain the effect that the return of the rotation mechanism 2 and the like can be collected and the embedding of the propulsion pipe 1 becomes extremely easy.

On the other hand, the self-propelled mechanism 3 includes a front clamp 3a, a rear clamp 3b, and a jack 3c. The front and rear clamps 3a, 3b are installed at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the propulsion pipe 1,
A diameter expansion which comes into close contact with the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1 and becomes a clamped state;
It is configured such that it can be reduced from the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1 to be in an unclamped state.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the front clamp 3a has a front cylinder 3d having both ends opened and a front cylinder 3d.
A ring-shaped elastic body 3e mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the rim and a front clamp jack 3f for compressing the elastic body 3e from the side.

The front cylinder 3d is formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the propulsion pipe 1, is provided with a flange projecting outward at the periphery of the front end opening, and projects inward at the periphery of the rear end opening. A flange is provided.

The elastic body 3e is made of an elastic material such as rubber, and is formed in a ring shape having a length approximately half of that of the front cylinder 3d. One end of the elastic body 3e is in contact with a flange of the front cylinder 3d. It is fitted on the outer circumference.

The four front clamp jacks 3f are arranged at equal angular intervals along the outer circumference of the front cylinder 3d, and the telescopic plungers abut the axial end surfaces of the elastic bodies 3e. In the front clamp 3a configured as described above, when the front clamp jack 3f is extended and the elastic body 3e is compressed, the elastic body 3e expands and expands in the radial direction, and adheres to the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1 in a water-stop state. As a result, a waterproof state is secured on the rear side, and the clamp 3a enters a clamped state in which the axial movement of the clamp 3a is restricted.

On the other hand, when the front clamp jack 3f is contracted and the elastic body 3e is contracted from this clamped state, the elastic body 3e is separated from the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1 and the axial movement of the clamp 3a is allowed. Unclamped state.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the rear clamp 3b has a rear cylinder 3g provided with an axially open slit at one end, and a rear clamp provided over the slit of the rear cylinder 3g. Jack 3h.

The rear cylinder 3 g is formed by joining three curved plates hingedly in the axial direction, and has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the propulsion pipe 1. Rear clamp 3b thus configured
Then, the rear clamp jack 3h is extended and the rear cylinder 3
When g is expanded, it comes into close contact with the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1,
The clamp 3b enters a clamped state in which the axial movement of the clamp 3b is restricted.

On the other hand, when the rear clamp jack 3h is contracted and the rear cylinder 3g is contracted from the clamped state, the rear cylinder body 3g is separated from the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1 and the clamp 3a
Is in an unclamped state in which the movement in the axial direction is allowed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the jack 3c has a telescopic plunger at one end locked to an outer cylinder 3j, a main body locked to an inner cylinder 3i, and two jacks provided in these cylinders. ing.

The inner cylinder 3i and the outer cylinder 3j have a double cylinder structure in which the inner and outer surfaces are fitted, and are slid in the axial direction by the jack 3c. The front end of the inner cylinder 3i is bolted to the rear end of the front cylinder 3d, and the rear end of the outer cylinder 3j is
It is bolted to the front end of the rear cylinder 3g.

In the self-propelled mechanism 3 configured as described above, when the excavation mechanism 2 is moved forward, the front clamp 3a is in the unclamped state, the rear clamp 3b is in the clamped state, and the jack 3c is extended. Let it.

The extension of the jack 3c causes the inner cylinder 3i to move forward, and accordingly the front clamp 3a moves forward by an amount corresponding to the jack stroke.
When this movement is completed, the front clamp 3a
In a clamp state, the rear clamp 3b is in an unclamped state, and the jack 3c is contracted.

The contraction of the jack 3c causes the outer cylinder 3j to be pulled toward the front side.
b moves forward by an amount corresponding to the jack stroke. Thereafter, by repeating such operations sequentially, the excavating mechanism 2 can be moved forward in a scale-worm state. When the excavating mechanism 2 is moved backward, the above operation may be performed in reverse.

The excavation direction control unit 4 is disposed between the excavation mechanism unit 2 and the self-propelled mechanism unit 3 and controls the excavation direction of the excavation mechanism unit 2. It is used for correcting the trajectory when burying the propulsion pipe 1 or when the burying of the propulsion pipe 1 is out of the planned trajectory.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavation direction controller 4 of this embodiment includes a support cylinder 4a having both ends opened and a plurality of correction jacks 4b. The support cylinder 4a is
It has an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the propulsion tube 1 and is installed in the propulsion tube 1 so as to be movable back and forth.

The support cylinder 4a is supported by three spherical joints 4d arranged at equal angular intervals on its inner surface side so as to be swingable (swingable) in a direction of 360 degrees. .

Three correction jacks 4b are arranged at equal angular intervals in the support cylinder 4a.
The telescopic plunger b is pivotally mounted on an oscillating plate 4c fixed on the outer periphery of the motor 2j.

In the excavation direction control unit 4 configured as described above, by adjusting the amount of extension of the correction jack 4b,
The axis of the excavation mechanism 2 swings and the excavation direction can be controlled.

The secondary crushing section 5 for excavated earth and sand is provided with a support cylinder 4a.
The sediment storage space 5a is separated by the propulsion pipe 1 and the intermediate support wall of the support cylindrical body 4a outside the tip of the shaft, and eccentrically rotates around the outer periphery of the rotation shaft 2c of the rotation drive unit 2b penetrating the sediment storage space 5a. A crusher cone 5b is provided.

The cutter head 2 is provided in the earth and sand storage space 5a.
and the sediment intake hole 2 penetrating the drive plate 21
g through the outer cutter bit 2e and the center cutter.
The earth and sand excavated by the turbit 2f is taken in.

The earth and sand taken into the earth and sand storage space 5a is crushed by the crusher cone 5b with the rotation of the rotating shaft 2c.
Is crushed on the inner surface of the propulsion pipe 1 and is secondarily crushed.

The laser beam displacement measuring device 6 places the target 6a inside the excavator and irradiates the target 6 with the laser beam L from behind the propulsion pipe 1 so that the reflected light is received by the arithmetic unit 6c. The current excavation position is measured, and a correction of the excavation direction is obtained based on the measured excavation position, and the correction is sent to the excavation direction control unit 4.

The mud discharging section 7 discharges excavated earth and sand filled in the earth and sand storage space 5a to the outside while ensuring the stability of the face. As shown in detail in FIG. 11, the sludge discharging section 7 of the present embodiment has a sludge pipe 7a having one end open to the earth and sand storage space 5a and extending rearward along the propulsion pipe 1.
have.

[0062] A pinch valve 7b
It is provided, in the middle, an air intake valve 7c, Okudoro switching
A valve 7d and a bypass valve 7e are provided. In the sludge discharging section 7 of the present embodiment, a plurality of methods are adopted according to the excavated soil.

In this case, when the vacuum exhaust system is adopted, a vacuum unit is connected to the exhaust pipe 7a. In this case, the opening and closing degree of the pinch valve 7b is changed to facilitate the discharge of the discharged soil, and the amount of discharged soil taken into the mud pipe 7a is adjusted.

First, the opening / closing cylinder 7f of the pinch valve 7b
Is gradually opened, the excavated earth and sand enters the mud pipe 7a side. The entering earth and sand is sucked by a vacuum unit from the rear part of the drainage pipe 7a.

Here, when vacuum is sucked in a state where the pinch valve 7b is closed, the inside of the exhaust pipe 7a has a negative pressure, and the air intake valve 7c is opened to generate air flow. The air intake valve 7c is constantly pulled by a compression coil spring via a rod 7g, and when a negative pressure is applied, the valve opens against this spring pressure.

The movement amount of the opening / closing cylinder 7f of the pinch valve 7b corresponds to the opening degree of the pinch valve 7b. Therefore, the stroke is detected by a stroke sensor, and according to the detected amount, a pinch is issued by an external command. By adjusting the degree of opening and closing of the valve 7b, it is possible to easily change the amount of soil excavated and excavated.

The stop cylinder 7h is a device for forcibly closing the air intake valve 7c in order to prevent the excavated earth and sand from leaking from the air intake when the vacuum is stopped.

Further, in the case of the present embodiment, a mud feed pipe 7i is provided at the rear end of the mud discharge pipe 7a, and a mud feed switching valve 7d and a bypass valve 7e which are linked together are provided.
Mud water is supplied to the mud pipe 7i, and mud water or fresh water is supplied from the mud pipe 7i to discharge the excavated earth and sand, or to collect the excavation mechanism 2 and the like, and to store the cone crusher 5b and the sediment. The inside of the space 5a is washed to facilitate the discharge of excavated earth and sand, and the bypass pipe 7e is opened to clean the discharge pipe 7a, thereby preventing the discharge collection pipe from being blocked.

According to the excavator constructed as described above, when the excavating mechanism 2 is moved behind the propulsion pipe 1 by the self-propelled mechanism 3, it is returned to the base end side of the propulsion pipe 1. It becomes possible to collect.

For this reason, in the excavator of this embodiment, for example, when the propulsion pipe 1 is docked with the existing pipe,
It is only necessary to prepare the starting shaft, eliminating the need for the reaching shaft, saving the cost and time required for excavation work, and also performing excavation work in places where the reaching shaft can not be dug.

When a trouble occurs in the excavator, the excavating mechanism 2 and the like can be returned and repaired without providing an intermediate shaft, and then excavation can be resumed. When the return is collected in this way, a curable chemical solution or the like is injected from the injection hole 2k provided in the rotary nozzle 2d to improve the ground in front of the propulsion pipe 1 so that the propulsion pipe 1 collapses or collapses. Prevents intrusion into the interior.

Next, a specific example in which the excavator of this embodiment can be applied will be described. The first example is for normal propulsion work. In the excavator according to the present invention, since the mechanical members such as the excavator rear part 2 can return and return, only the starting shaft is provided and there is no need to provide the reaching shaft.

Further, since the mechanical members can be returned to the starting shaft, the cutter can be exchanged after the excavating mechanism 2 and the like have been returned and returned, and the cutter can be inserted again into the propulsion pipe 1 to change the soil properties. Can also be accommodated.

The second example is connection work with existing pipes and existing manholes. In order to connect with existing pipes and existing manholes, a starting shaft will be provided for excavation. At this time, since the chemical can be injected at the tip of the excavation, excavation can be performed while the ground is being improved. After connecting the existing pipe and the propulsion pipe 1, only the mechanical members need to be returned to the starting shaft.

The third example is that when a trouble occurs using a conventional excavator, the excavator of the present invention is directed from an intermediate shaft or a reaching shaft, and docked with a conventional excavator that is stuck. Thus, the conventional excavator can be removed and repaired.

The fourth example is that digging can be performed in a place where there are many obstacles. Even if there are obstacles such as cast-in-place piles, PC piles, or leftover piles, the excavation mechanism members can be easily returned to the starting shaft, so after collection, replace the cutter with one suitable for cutting obstacles, etc. Then, it can be reinserted and the obstacle can be removed.

The fifth example is a case where excavation work is performed in a location on a terrain where a reaching shaft cannot be provided.
For example, when processing materials are transported from a processing facility through steep coasts and gorges and disposed of in the sea or river, construction vehicles are difficult to access in those places, and it is difficult to set up a reaching shaft. There are many. Since the excavator of this embodiment can recover the return, if the starting shaft can be installed, excavation work can be performed with almost no other terrain restrictions.

[0078]

As described above in detail in the embodiments,
The excavator of the present invention can run in the propulsion pipe by itself and can collect the return. Since the return can be collected, the reaching shaft conventionally required is not required, and the cost and time required for the excavation work can be saved. Also, in the event of troubles such as breakdowns, the excavator can be recovered from the starting shaft, eliminating the need to dig an intermediate shaft as in the past, making it easier to repair the excavator. Excavation work can be resumed promptly. When a problem such as a failure occurs in the conventional excavator, the excavator of the present invention can be used as a welcome excavator.

Further, it is possible to easily cope with the case where the soil to be excavated changes or the excavation route has an obstacle. The excavation work can be quickly resumed by returning the excavation mechanism member, replacing the cutter, and reinserting the excavator into the propulsion pipe. In addition, the chemical solution can be injected from inside the excavator. Further, the excavation route can be changed or modified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of the arrows EE in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a main part of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view of the radial movement of the outer peripheral cutter bit shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a detailed view of a mud discharging section of the excavator shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Propulsion pipe 2 Excavation mechanism part 2a Cutter head 2b Rotation drive part 2c Rotary shaft 3 Self-propelled mechanism part 3a Front clamp 3b Rear clamp 3c Jack 4 Drilling direction control part 4a Support cylinder 4b Modified jack 5 Secondary crushing part 5a Sediment storage Space 5b Cone crusher 6 Laser beam displacement measuring device 7 Drainage part

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 311 E21D 9/06 301 E21D 9/08 E21D 9/12

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] A digging machine comprising: a propulsion pipe pressed from the rear side and buried in the ground; and a digging mechanism disposed on a tip side of the propulsion pipe and digging a ground outside a tip end of the propulsion pipe. The excavation mechanism is installed in the propulsion pipe so as to be movable back and forth, is installed behind the excavation mechanism, and detachably fixes the excavation mechanism at an arbitrary position in the propulsion pipe. A self-propelled mechanism for moving the excavation mechanism in the front-rear direction, wherein the excavator is disposed between the excavation mechanism and the self-propelled mechanism.
An excavation direction control unit for controlling the excavation direction of the structure is provided, and the excavation mechanism unit includes an outer cutter bit and a center cutter.
The turbit is held at the forefront and is rotationally driven
Cutter head to be driven and rotation of the cutter head
And transmitting the rotational force of the rotation drive unit to the cutter head.
A rotational force transmitting unit, wherein the rotational force transmitting unit
A drive plate fixed to a rotating shaft of the drive unit;
Drive pins on the outer periphery of the drive plate
A driver fixedly mounted so as to protrude, and the cutter head rotatably supported on the rotating shaft.
The driver makes contact with a pair of stoppers
By rotating the cutter head in the left and right direction
An excavator characterized by the following. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral cutter bit is
It is installed so as to be slidable along the radial direction of the head, and moves the outer peripheral cutter bit radially outward,
Outer excavation of the propulsion pipe is possible, and
Move the turbit toward the center and set it in the propulsion pipe.
A bit moving mechanism for allowing the outer cutter bit to be accommodated.
An inclined groove provided on the surface side, and the drive
When the rotating shaft is rotated clockwise, the outer peripheral cutter is configured by fitting and inserting the head of a pin.
-When the bit moves in the radial direction of the cutter head
In both cases, when the rotation shaft is rotated to the left,
Peripheral cutter bit moves toward the center of the cutter head.
The excavation direction control unit is configured to move back and forth in the propulsion pipe.
The excavation mechanism is installed via a spherical joint.
A support cylinder with open both ends that swingably supports the inner surface
And a plurality of correction jacks installed in the support cylinder
Comprising a, by adjusting the expansion amount of the modified jack, the
Claims: Controlling the excavation direction of an excavation mechanism.
Item 7. The excavator according to item 1. 3. The self-propelled mechanism is provided in the axial direction of the propulsion pipe.
Installed at predetermined intervals along the inner surface of the propulsion pipe
The inner diameter of the propulsion pipe is increased by
It is possible to freely reduce the distance from the surface to the unclamped state
Front and rear clamps and the front and rear
-With the elastic jack installed between the clamp
Unclamp one clamp located in front of the movement direction.
Before the other clamps
The extension of the jack and one of the jacks
With the clamp in the clamped state, undo the other clamp.
The contraction of the jack in the ramp state is sequentially repeated.
The excavation mechanism is moved in the front-rear direction by turning back, and the front clamp includes a front cylinder body having both ends opened,
A ring-shaped elastic body attached to the outer peripheral surface of the front cylindrical body;
A clamp jack is provided before the elastic body is compressed from the side.
The front clamp jack is extended to compress the elastic body.
When contracted, the elastic body expands and expands in the radial direction,
Closely adheres to the inner surface of the propulsion pipe in a water-stop condition, and
Shrink the lamp jack, the elastic body shrinks,
The rear clamp is separated from the inner surface of the propulsion pipe, and the rear clamp has a slit which is open at one end in the axial direction.
After the hinged connection of a plurality of curved plates,
When, click the run after being bridgingly in the slit portion of the rear tubular member
And a rear jack, extending the rear clamp jack to expand the rear cylinder.
The diameter of the propulsion tube and the inner surface of the
Shrink the rear clamp jack to shrink the cylinder
The propulsion pipe is separated from the inner surface of the propulsion pipe by
The excavator according to claim 1. 4. The propulsion pipe is provided outside the distal end of the support cylinder.
Separating the earth and sand storage space with the drive plate,
Eccentric rotation around the outer periphery of the rotary drive unit that penetrates the sediment storage space
Install a crusher cone to rotate and penetrate the cutter head and the drive plate
Through the earth and sand intake hole,
The earth and sand excavated with an
The crusher cone
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the ground sand is secondarily crushed.
Excavator. 5. An end of the earth and sand storage space is provided in this space.
There is a mud opening that opens and extends rearward along the propulsion pipe.
The mud discharge section is free of air and mud depending on the excavated soil.
Pinch to enable the switchable transport of fluids including fresh water
Has a valve, air intake valve, mud switching valve and bypass valve
The excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: