JP3306786B2 - Water biological treatment equipment - Google Patents
Water biological treatment equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP3306786B2 JP3306786B2 JP12583896A JP12583896A JP3306786B2 JP 3306786 B2 JP3306786 B2 JP 3306786B2 JP 12583896 A JP12583896 A JP 12583896A JP 12583896 A JP12583896 A JP 12583896A JP 3306786 B2 JP3306786 B2 JP 3306786B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- biological treatment
- water
- present
- immobilized carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、産業排水・廃棄物
最終処分場浸出水などの各種排水を、浸漬膜及び微生物
固定化担体を利用することにより生物学的に処理する装
置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for biologically treating various kinds of wastewater such as industrial wastewater and leachate from a final disposal site of waste by utilizing a submerged membrane and a microorganism-immobilized carrier. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】これまで、排水は活性汚泥法や生物膜法
により生物学的に処理されてきたが、より省面積で高負
荷処理が可能な方法として浸漬膜や微生物固定化担体を
利用する方法が注目を集めている。2. Description of the Related Art Until now, wastewater has been biologically treated by an activated sludge method or a biofilm method. However, as a method capable of more area-saving and high-load treatment, an immersion membrane or a microorganism-immobilized carrier is used. The method is getting attention.
【０００３】活性汚泥法では活性汚泥と処理水の固液分
離を沈殿池により行ってきたが、浸漬膜を使うことによ
り、清澄度の極めて高い処理水が得られる利点があり、
さらに槽内の汚泥濃度を高濃度化できる利点がある。浸
漬膜は、通常、生物反応槽の内部に精密ろ過膜（ＭＦ）
と呼ばれる孔径０．０３〜０．４mmの膜を浸漬し、吸引
ポンプや水位差によって処理水をろ過・排出するもので
ある。膜材質は親水化ポリエチレンやセラミックなどが
一般的に使われ、平膜、管型あるいは中空糸モジュール
がよく使われる。浸漬膜では、膜の透過水量を確保する
ために膜モジュールは常に空洗状態にさらされ、必要に
応じて次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等の酸化剤で膜を洗浄する
こともある。[0003] In the activated sludge method, solid-liquid separation of activated sludge and treated water is performed by a sedimentation tank. However, the use of a submerged membrane has the advantage that treated water with extremely high clarity can be obtained.
Further, there is an advantage that the sludge concentration in the tank can be increased. The immersion membrane is usually placed inside a biological reaction tank using a microfiltration membrane (MF).
A membrane having a pore size of 0.03 to 0.4 mm is immersed, and the treated water is filtered and discharged by a suction pump or a water level difference. As the membrane material, hydrophilic polyethylene, ceramic, or the like is generally used, and a flat membrane, a tubular type, or a hollow fiber module is often used. In an immersion membrane, the membrane module is constantly exposed to an empty washing state in order to secure the amount of water permeated through the membrane, and the membrane may be washed with an oxidizing agent such as sodium hypochlorite as needed.
【０００４】固定化担体は、通常、生物反応槽に懸濁状
態で投入される。固定化担体の表面あるいは内部に微生
物を高密度に保持することで、従来の活性汚泥法や生物
膜法に比べて高負荷処理を行うことができる。固定化担
体としては、ポリエチレングリコール等の親水性ゲル、
スポンジ、プラスチック片、セラミックスなどが使用さ
れる。[0004] The immobilized carrier is usually charged into a biological reaction tank in a suspended state. By keeping microorganisms at a high density on the surface or inside of the immobilized carrier, a higher load treatment can be performed as compared with the conventional activated sludge method or biofilm method. As an immobilization carrier, a hydrophilic gel such as polyethylene glycol,
Sponge, plastic pieces, ceramics, etc. are used.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明者らは、以前よ
り中空糸膜を浸漬した浸漬膜型生物処理装置、あるいは
固定化担体を使用した高負荷活性汚泥法などにより従来
の活性汚泥法の２〜３倍の高負荷処理が可能なプロセス
を開発してきた。しかし、排水処理設備に対する省スペ
ース化の要求は非常に高く、これらの技術では対応でき
ない事例が増加してきた。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have developed a conventional activated sludge method using a submerged membrane type biological treatment apparatus in which a hollow fiber membrane is immersed, or a high-load activated sludge method using an immobilized carrier. A process capable of processing 2-3 times higher load has been developed. However, the demand for space-saving wastewater treatment equipment is extremely high, and cases in which these technologies cannot cope are increasing.
【０００６】また、本発明者らは、浸漬膜型の生物槽の
内部に固定化担体を投入することにより、活性汚泥法の
４〜５倍以上の高負荷処理が可能な新プロセスの開発を
試みたが、固定化担体が膜モジュール内部に詰まった
り、膜表面に貼り付くなどして膜の透過水量が下がる事
態に陥り、安定な運転は行えなかった。よって本発明
は、従来技術の欠点を克服し、高負荷処理が可能で、固
定化担体が膜モジュール内部に詰まったり、膜表面に貼
り付くなどして膜の透過水量が低下が生じず、安定な運
転が行える水の生物処理装置を提供しようとするもので
ある。The present inventors have also developed a new process capable of performing a high-load treatment 4 to 5 times or more the activated sludge method by introducing an immobilized carrier into a biological tank of a submerged membrane type. Attempts were made, but the immobilized carrier was clogged inside the membrane module or stuck to the membrane surface, causing a decrease in the amount of permeated water through the membrane, and stable operation could not be performed. Therefore, the present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art, enables high-load processing, and does not cause a decrease in the amount of permeated water of the membrane due to the immobilized carrier clogging the inside of the membrane module or sticking to the membrane surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a biological treatment apparatus for water that can be operated with ease.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記の点
について鋭意研究した結果、膜の設置間隔を適正にすれ
ば長期間安定した透過水量が得られることを見出し、本
発明を完成するに至った。Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies on the above points, and have found that a stable permeated water amount can be obtained for a long period of time by properly setting the interval between the membranes, and completed the present invention. I came to.
【０００８】すなわち本発明は、原水流入部、余剰汚泥
排出部、散気装置および複数の浸漬した膜エレメントを
有する分離装置を具備し、槽内で粒状固定化担体を流動
させながら、同一槽内において微生物による分解反応と
膜ろ過による固液分離分解を同時に行う装置において、
膜エレメントと膜エレメントの設置間隔を適性にするこ
とにより粒状含有スラリーと膜エレメントとを並流で直
接接触させることを特徴とする水の生物処理装置であ
る。That is, the present invention comprises a raw water inflow section, an excess sludge discharge section, an air diffuser, and a separation apparatus having a plurality of immersed membrane elements . Reaction by microorganisms in
In a device that simultaneously performs solid-liquid separation and decomposition by membrane filtration,
A biological treatment apparatus for water, characterized in that the granular-containing slurry and the membrane element are brought into direct contact in parallel with each other by setting an appropriate interval between the membrane elements.
【０００９】本発明の生物処理装置においては、隣り合
う膜エレメントと膜エレメントとの設置間隔を、粒状固
定化担体粒径の１．１倍以上に設定することが好まし
い。[0009] In the biological treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the interval between adjacent membrane elements is set to be 1.1 times or more the particle diameter of the particulate immobilized carrier.
【００１０】本発明における膜エレメントとしては平膜
を使用するのが好ましいが、回転円板状あるいは管型の
ものも使用することができる。膜エレメントの材質とし
ては、親水化ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン、セラミッ
クなどが使用できるが、処理水の分離が可能なものなら
ばこれらに限定されるものではない。As the membrane element in the present invention, it is preferable to use a flat membrane, but a rotating disc-shaped or tubular-shaped membrane element can also be used. As the material of the membrane element, hydrophilic polyethylene, polypropylene, ceramic, and the like can be used, but the material is not limited to these as long as the treated water can be separated.
【００１１】本発明における固定化担体としては、ポリ
エチレングリコールやポリビニルアルコールなどのポリ
マーを主成分とする含水ゲル、スポンジ状のウレタンフ
ォームやセルローススポンジが使用できるが、微生物の
担持能力が高く、膜を破損させないような材質の粒状物
であればこれらに限定されるものではない。固定化担体
の粒径は通常１〜１０mmのものが使用され、比重は槽内
での流動性を考慮して水に近い０．９５〜１．０５のも
のが使用される。As the immobilizing carrier in the present invention, a hydrogel, a sponge-like urethane foam or a cellulose sponge containing a polymer such as polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol as a main component can be used. The material is not limited to these as long as it is a granular material that does not break. The particle size of the immobilized carrier is usually 1 to 10 mm, and the specific gravity is 0.95 to 1.05, which is close to that of water, in consideration of fluidity in the tank.
【００１２】本発明において、粒状担体含有スラリーと
膜エレメントとを並流で直接接触させるためには、膜エ
レメントと膜エレメントの設置間隔を適正にしなければ
ならない。この設置間隔は、必要とされる膜面積（膜枚
数）、投入する固定化担体の粒径、槽形状などによって
適宜決定される。設置間隔が狭すぎると、膜と膜の隙間
に固定化担体が詰まる事態に陥るが、担体粒径の１．１
倍以上の間隔を選択すればこのような事態は回避するこ
とができる。設置間隔が広すぎる場合は、フラックスは
安定に維持できるが、槽容積に対して膜エレメント（又
はモジュール）充填容積が過大になり、コストが増加す
る欠点がある。In the present invention, in order to bring the granular carrier-containing slurry into direct contact with the membrane element in a co-current flow, the interval between the membrane elements must be set appropriately. The installation interval is appropriately determined depending on the required membrane area (the number of membranes), the particle size of the immobilized carrier to be charged, the shape of the tank, and the like. If the installation interval is too narrow, the immobilization carrier may be clogged in the gap between the membranes.
Such a situation can be avoided by selecting an interval twice or more. If the installation interval is too wide, the flux can be maintained stably, but there is a disadvantage that the membrane element (or module) filling volume becomes excessive with respect to the tank volume, and the cost increases.
【００１３】また本発明においては、余剰汚泥はポンプ
等によって直接排出される。このとき、固定化担体を同
時に排出することがないように、排出口にスクリーン等
を配置する場合がある。In the present invention, excess sludge is directly discharged by a pump or the like. At this time, a screen or the like may be arranged at the outlet so that the immobilized carrier is not simultaneously discharged.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の装置の１例を図１により
説明する。活性汚泥が存在する生物反応槽１には、原水
流入部２および散気装置３、余剰汚泥排出部４が設備さ
れており、槽１内には固定化担体５と浸漬膜６が収納さ
れている。７は処理水吸引ポンプであり、８はブロアー
である。原水は流入部２より流入し、ここで活性汚泥と
固定化担体５により生物処理を受ける。固定化担体５は
散気装置３を介して吹き込まれる空気によって槽内を流
動し、浸漬膜６と常時接触することで、浸漬膜６表面の
汚れが除去される。その後、処理水は浸漬膜６を介して
吸引ポンプ９により吸引ろ過される。余剰汚泥は余剰汚
泥排出部４から排出される。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One example of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The biological reaction tank 1 in which activated sludge is present is provided with a raw water inflow section 2, an air diffuser 3, and an excess sludge discharge section 4. I have. 7 is a treated water suction pump, and 8 is a blower. Raw water flows in from the inflow part 2, where it undergoes biological treatment by the activated sludge and the immobilization carrier 5. The immobilization carrier 5 flows in the tank by the air blown through the air diffuser 3, and is constantly in contact with the immersion film 6, thereby removing dirt on the surface of the immersion film 6. Thereafter, the treated water is suction-filtered by the suction pump 9 through the immersion membrane 6. The surplus sludge is discharged from the surplus sludge discharge unit 4.
【００１５】本発明の装置によって浸漬膜からの透過水
量が安定するのは、固定化担体が膜と常時接触すること
から、膜表面に付着するスケール、有機物、あるいは微
生物が物理的に剥ぎ落とされることが主因と考えられ
る。The stability of the amount of water permeated from the immersion membrane by the apparatus of the present invention is because scales, organic substances or microorganisms adhering to the membrane surface are physically peeled off because the immobilized carrier is constantly in contact with the membrane. This is considered to be the main cause.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】次に、本発明の生物処理装置を化学工場の排
水処理に適用した場合の実験例について説明する。実験
は、図２に示すフローにより（硝化層１３に固定化担体
と浸漬膜が配備される） ・水量：２ｍ3／ｄ程度 ・原水の水質：ＢＯＤ＝４００mg／リットル、ＮＨ3−
Ｎ＝１００mg／リットル ・目標水質：Ｂ０Ｄ＜２０mg／リットル、Ｔ−Ｎ＜５０
mg／リットル ・水温：１５℃ の運転条件下で、表１に示す生物反応槽、膜および固定
化担体を用い、膜の間隔を変化させた３通り（Ｒｕｎ−
１、２、３）で行った。なお、なお、Ｒｕｎ−１とＲｕ
ｎ−２は比較例であり、Ｒｕｎ−３は本発明例である。Next, an experimental example in which the biological treatment apparatus of the present invention is applied to wastewater treatment in a chemical factory will be described. The experiment was carried out according to the flow shown in FIG. 2 (an immobilization carrier and an immersion membrane are provided on the nitrification layer 13). Water amount: about 2 m 3 / d. Raw water quality: BOD = 400 mg / liter, NH 3 −
N = 100 mg / liter ・ Target water quality: B0D <20 mg / liter, T−N <50
mg / liter ・ Water temperature: under the operating conditions of 15 ° C., using the biological reaction tank, the membrane and the immobilized carrier shown in Table 1, and changing the interval of the membrane (Run-
1, 2, 3). Note that Run-1 and Ru-1
n-2 is a comparative example, and Run-3 is an example of the present invention.
【００１７】[0017]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１８】Ｒｕｎ−１、２、３についての運転成績を
第２表に示す。The running results for Run-1, 2, and 3 are shown in Table 2.
【００１９】[0019]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２０】表２から明らかなように、本発明により処
理できる水量は３割強増加し、かつ膜の洗浄頻度は１／
６に低下した。As is apparent from Table 2, the amount of water that can be treated by the present invention is increased by more than 30%, and the frequency of cleaning the membrane is reduced by 1 /.
It dropped to 6.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば高負荷条件の下で安定的
な処理が可能になり、したがって本発明は各種排水の高
負荷処理に今後広く採用されていくと考えられる。According to the present invention, stable treatment can be performed under high load conditions. Therefore, it is considered that the present invention will be widely used for high load treatment of various wastewaters in the future.
【図１】本発明の生物処理装置の一例を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of the biological treatment device of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の生物処理装置を化学工場の排水処理に
適用したフロー図である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart in which the biological treatment apparatus of the present invention is applied to wastewater treatment in a chemical factory.
１ 生物反応槽 ２ 原水流入部 ３ 散気装置 ４ 余剰汚泥排出部 ５ 固定化担体 ６ 浸漬膜 ７ 処理水吸引ポンプ ８ ブロアー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biological reaction tank 2 Raw water inflow part 3 Air diffuser 4 Excess sludge discharge part 5 Immobilization carrier 6 Immersion membrane 7 Treated water suction pump 8 Blower
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C02F 1/44 ZAB B01D 63/08 B01D 65/02 520 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C02F 1/44 ZAB B01D 63/08 B01D 65/02 520
Claims (3)
および複数の浸漬した膜エレメントを有する分離装置を
具備し、槽内で粒状固定化担体を流動させながら、同一
槽内において微生物による分解反応と膜ろ過による固液
分離分解を同時に行う装置において、膜エレメントと膜
エレメントの設置間隔を適性にすることにより粒状含有
スラリーと膜エレメントとを並流で直接接触させること
を特徴とする水の生物処理装置。1. A water inlet, excess sludge discharge unit, comprising a separating device having a diffuser and a plurality of immersed membrane element, in flowing particulate immobilized carrier in a bath, the same
Decomposition reaction by microorganisms in the tank and solid-liquid by membrane filtration
An apparatus for separating degradation simultaneously, biological treatment apparatus for water characterized by directly contacting cocurrently a particulate-containing slurry and the film element by the suitability of the installation interval of the membrane element and the membrane element.
を粒状固定化担体粒径の１．１倍以上に設定した請求項
１記載の水の生物処理装置。2. The biological treatment apparatus for water according to claim 1, wherein the interval between the membrane elements is set to 1.1 times or more the particle diameter of the particulate immobilized carrier.
２記載の水の生物処理装置。3. The biological treatment apparatus for water according to claim 1, wherein the membrane element is a flat membrane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12583896A JP3306786B2 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Water biological treatment equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12583896A JP3306786B2 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Water biological treatment equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09308883A JPH09308883A (en) | 1997-12-02 |
| JP3306786B2 true JP3306786B2 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
Family
ID=14920200
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12583896A Expired - Fee Related JP3306786B2 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Water biological treatment equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3306786B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002113484A (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-16 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Water cleaning treatment method and apparatus therefor |
| JP5025857B2 (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2012-09-12 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | Gel particles for cleaning separation membrane module, manufacturing method and cleaning method |
| JP2005074357A (en) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-24 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Membrane washing method in membrane separation activated sludge method |
| JP4994265B2 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2012-08-08 | シャープ株式会社 | Water treatment apparatus and water treatment method |
| JP4917562B2 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2012-04-18 | シャープ株式会社 | Water treatment equipment |
| JP4870707B2 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2012-02-08 | シャープ株式会社 | Water treatment apparatus and water treatment method |
| JP2013515605A (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2013-05-09 | 仁何大学 産学協力団 | Fluidized bed separation membrane bioreactor |
| JP2012166142A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-09-06 | Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd | System for membrane separation activated sludge and method for membrane separation activated sludge |
| JP6151578B2 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2017-06-21 | パナソニック株式会社 | Wastewater treatment equipment |
| JP6899104B2 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2021-07-07 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | Wastewater treatment method and wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN106927561A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-07-07 | 江西博鑫精陶环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus of use inoranic membrane, filler and liquid integrated treatment sewage |
-
1996
- 1996-05-21 JP JP12583896A patent/JP3306786B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09308883A (en) | 1997-12-02 |
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