JP3283433B2 - Manufacturing method of aluminum wide profile - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a wide aluminum profile, and more particularly to a method for producing a large profile, a so-called wide profile, by joining a plurality of aluminum profiles together. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, aluminum (Al) profiles having a predetermined shape made of aluminum or aluminum alloy have been used for various applications by utilizing their excellent characteristics. On the shell and floor,
Aluminum profiles with ribs are used. By the way, such an aluminum profile is generally formed by a method such as extrusion, but since the size of an apparatus such as an extruder is limited, as an aluminum profile, at most, The 600 mm width was the limit, and it was difficult to obtain a larger shape. Therefore, as the weight and size of transport aircraft have increased in recent years, wide profiles have become strongly required,
Therefore, using a plurality of shapes and matching them,
It was considered that the butt portion was welded (TIG, MIG, etc.) to form a wide-width profile, but the distortion due to the welding was large, and a large amount of labor and time was required to correct such distortion. was there.

[0003] In short, in welding of aluminum or aluminum alloy by TIG, MIG, or the like, since its thermal expansion coefficient is large, a large distortion is generated, which is inherent in a welded object. In addition, since the oxide film formed by the reaction of the melt with oxygen in the atmosphere is strong, it is indispensable to use an inert gas as a shielding gas. Under such circumstances,
At an aluminum welding site, an inert gas is used, and a great number of man-hours and skilled skills are required in order to actually prevent or remove the generation of distortion and oxide film. Therefore, in order to make the process of assembling vehicles and ships as easy as possible, it was desirable to make the aluminum profile as large as possible at the material stage. In the production method such as
There was a limit.

[0004] As other joining methods of aluminum or aluminum alloy which can replace the conventional arc welding method using an inert gas, there are a friction welding method, a laser welding method, a mechanical joining method, an adhesion method, and the like. At present, the fields to which they can be applied are limited because of their workability and reliability, or the cost of the equipment is high. Above all, friction welding is a technology that has been used for a long time, and the materials to be joined are rotated at a relatively high speed and rubbed together, and when the frictional heat generated causes the joint to reach its melting point, it is pressed and rotated. This is a method of stopping and has been put to practical use in joining a bat grip. However, such a friction welding method is also limited in the shape of the material to a round bar or a pipe, and is hardly used for joining butt ends of aluminum profiles.

Recently, as in the friction welding method described above, a method of butt-joining plates utilizing frictional heat is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,460,317 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-50509.
No. 0 publication and the like. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a rod-shaped rotary jig 6 having a pin 4 made of a material harder than the two plate members 2a and 2b to be joined is provided at the center of the tip. Is rotated at a high speed, and the pin 4 at the tip is inserted into the butting portion 8 of the two plate members 2a and 2b, and relatively moved along the butting portion 8, so that the pin 4 and the A frictional heat is generated between the rotary jig 6 and the plate members 2a and 2b, and the peripheral heat of the butting portion 8 is made plastically workable by the frictional heat. The so-called Friction Stir Welding method of joining the two plates 2a, 2b without melting them by mixing the structures of the abutting portions (8) of the plates 2a, 2b by the stirring action. It is.

According to such a friction stir welding method, unlike a conventional welding method, a filler material, a shielding gas, and a beveling process are not required, and it is not necessary to remove an oxide film. Since it is considered to be solid-phase bonding rather than fusion bonding, it has a feature that there is little change in the structure of the bonded portion and further around it, and low distortion,
It has the advantage that no distortion correction work is required.

However, in this friction stir welding method, as shown in FIG. 1, a joining portion 10 formed on the rear side in the traveling direction of the rotating jig 6 rotated at a high speed. On the surface, in other words, on the butt joint surface, the depression caused by the high-speed rotation of the rotary jig 6 is 0.05 to 0.
It is formed at a depth of about 25 mm, and burrs are also formed to protrude to the left and right of the depression, thereby causing problems such as a decrease in bonding strength and a deterioration in appearance.

For this reason, with such a friction stir welding method,
Abutting and joining a plurality of the above-described aluminum profiles,
Thus, there is an inherent problem that the strength is not sufficient even if the intended wide large-sized material is manufactured.

[0009]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy having excellent strength by utilizing the friction stir welding method as described above. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for advantageously producing wide profiles.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a method in which a plurality of aluminum profiles are butted, and a pin provided concentrically at the tip of a rod-shaped rotary jig is provided at the butted portion. By rotating and inserting together with the rotating jig and inserting and moving relative to each other, the butting portion is friction stir welded, and when manufacturing a wide profile, the end of the aluminum profile to be abutted is used. On the side where the rotating jig is located,
A thick portion protruding at a height of 0.05 to 2 mm is formed, and the width of the upper surface of the thick portion: w is represented by the following formula: r + 1 ≦ w ≦ r
+30 (where r indicates the radius (unit: mm) of the rotary jig) so as to straddle the thick portions of the abutted aluminum profiles and < br /> the recess of the junction caused similar friction stir welding aluminum
Friction stirrer so that it does not reach the thickness of the base material
The gist of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an aluminum wide profile material, wherein a joining portion is formed in the thick portion by joining.

That is, according to the method for manufacturing a wide profile according to the present invention, since the aluminum profile is joined by the friction stir welding technique, unlike the conventional arc welding technique, Filler metal, shielding gas,
Not only is the beveling unnecessary, but also the work of removing the oxide film is not required, and of course, a wide-width profile with small distortion is obtained, which eliminates the need for any work such as distortion correction. In addition, a portion on the end side of the aluminum section to be friction stir welded is a thick portion protruding at a specific height on a surface on a side where a rotating jig used for such welding is located, and , Than the radius (r) of the rotating jig,
Even if the pin-side surface of the rotating jig, which is rotated at high speed, comes into contact with the thick part extending with a large width (w) at a predetermined ratio, plastic working by frictional heat is possible. The friction stir action below occurs at each thick portion of the abutted aluminum profile, and thus the joint is formed so as to straddle each thick portion. Therefore, when a depression occurs in the friction stir welding, it is in the region of the thick portion protruding at a predetermined height, and therefore, the strength of the joined portion does not decrease so much, It is easy to obtain an excellent wide profile.

[0012] In the manufacturing method according to the present invention as described above, the friction stir welded joint formed so as to straddle each thick part of the abutted aluminum profile is also provided on the surface thereof. However, in order to avoid a deterioration in appearance (aesthetics) due to the formation of dents and burrs similar to the conventional ones, it is advantageous to use the respective thick sections of the aluminum profile. The surface is subjected to chamfering, and the thickened portion is removed, and the thickness of the base material, that is, the thickness in the vicinity of the joint of the aluminum section is made similar, and the smooth surface is formed. It is said. Such smooth cutting can also eliminate the concern about the influence on the fatigue strength due to the unevenness of the joint surface and the like.

In producing an aluminum wide profile according to the present invention, a heat-treatable alloy or a work hardening material is advantageously used as the aluminum profile to be provided. Because of the friction stir welding, there is little change in the structure of the material to be joined, so that the material change in the heat-treated alloy material or the work hardened material is reduced, and a wide profile material with excellent characteristics can be obtained. Yes, and even if a heat affected zone occurs at the time of joining, the presence of the thick part can minimize the effect,
Thus, it is possible to effectively maintain the strength of the joint.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the method for manufacturing an aluminum wide profile according to the present invention, the aluminum profile is a material having a certain shape made of ordinary aluminum or aluminum alloy. Any of a variety of shapes can be used, and a plurality of aluminum shapes of various shapes manufactured by various known methods are combined to form a target wide-width shape. Is advantageous in that extruded profiles are advantageously used, and a plurality of such extruded profiles are used to produce large, wide profiles. In particular, Al-Cu-Mg-based (2000-based), Al-Mg-
Si-based (6000-based), Al-Zn-Mg-based (7000-based)
The present invention is advantageously applied to the production of an aluminum wide section using an aluminum section made of a heat-treatable alloy or a work hardening material of (system).

According to the present invention, in order to obtain a desired wide profile by friction stir welding using a plurality of such aluminum profiles, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. A rotary jig 1 in which a pin 14 is provided concentrically with a plate-like portion on the end side of the shape members 12a and 12b.
6, the thick portions 13a and 13b protruding at a height (h, h ') of 0.05 to 2 mm, desirably 0.2 to 1.5 mm, and The widths w, w '(unit: mm) of the meat portions 13a, 13b are expressed by the following formula: r + 1≤w (w') ≤r + 30, preferably r + 5
≦ w (w ′) ≦ r + 15 (where r indicates the radius (unit: mm) of the rotating jig).

On the other hand, the projecting heights h, h 'of the thick portions 13a, 13b provided at the plate-like portions on the end sides of the abutted aluminum profiles 12a, 12b are:
If the thickness is less than 0.05 mm, the dent of the joint generated by friction stir welding reaches the base material plate thick portion (t, t '), and there is a problem that it is not possible to maintain sufficient joining strength. On the other hand, if it is higher than 2 mm, although sufficient strength can be ensured, the weight of the profile itself increases, and the resistance to high-speed rotation of the pin 14 and the rotary jig 16 for friction stir welding increases, and further, This causes a large load and causes a problem in terms of the device. Also, the width of each of the thick portions 13a and 13b to be abutted: w,
If w ′ is smaller than r + 1 mm, the joints formed by friction stir welding will become thicker portions 13a, 13a.
b, it reaches each base material portion (plate thickness: t portion), which causes problems such as the inability to secure sufficient strength. Further, when the width is made larger than r + 30 mm, Rather than the accompanying increase in the operation and effect, an increase in the weight of the profile itself and a problem in the apparatus in friction stir welding operation are caused.

The thicknesses of the abutted aluminum profiles 12a, 12b around the end side portions, so-called base material plate thicknesses: t, t ', are both about 0.7 to 15 mm. The heights of the thick portions 13a, 13b provided at the respective end side portions: h, h 'are appropriately set within a specified range. In this case, it is desirable that the total thickness t + h of one thick portion 13a and the total thickness t ′ + h ′ of the other thick portion 13b be equal.
Further, even if the widths of the thick portions 13a and 13b are w and w ', they can be appropriately selected within the range defined by the above equation, and it is necessary to always set w = w'. There is no.

The aluminum material 1 to be abutted is
The corners of the thick portions 13a and 13b of the respective 2a and 12b are desirably R-shaped with a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm or less, and are C-shaped (inclined surface type) with the corners cut off. It is desirable that the length of an isosceles side sandwiching the cut corner is 0.5 mm or less. If the cross-section accuracy defined by such a corner portion shape is larger than 0.5 mm, a defect is likely to be caused in the joint portion, so that the strength is reduced.

On the other hand, as the rod-shaped rotary jig 16 having the pin 14 concentrically provided at the tip end thereof, which is used in the friction stir welding operation employed in the present invention, the same as the conventional one is used. , Respectively, aluminum profiles 12a, 1
2b, the pins 14 and the rotary jig 16 are rotated at a high speed to be inserted into the butted portions 18 of the two sections 12a and 12b, or to be thick. Even if the lower part (shoulder part) of the rotating jig 16 is brought into contact with the upper surfaces of the parts 13a and 13b,
It is a non-consumable member that is hardly worn. The high-speed rotation of the pin 14 and the rotation jig 16 around the axis can be easily realized by using a rotation drive device similar to the conventional one.

According to the present invention, in order to obtain the desired aluminum wide profile, the aluminum profiles are butted, and when the butted portions are friction stir welded, as shown in FIG. 13b, each aluminum profile 12
a and 12b are held in a fixed position.
6 is rotated at a high speed, and the pin 14 at the tip of the
The pin 14 is inserted by inserting (piercing) the butting portion 18 of the a, 13b until the lower portion of the rotating jig 16 comes into contact with the upper surfaces of the thick portions 13a, 13b.
And frictional heat is generated at the contact surface with the lower part of the rotary jig 16, thereby plasticizing the periphery thereof.
Of the thick portions 13a,
13b, the aluminum sections 12a, 12b are joined together by forming the joint and thereby relatively moving the pin 14 and the rotary jig 16 along the butting section 18. In the part 18, the friction stir welding is effectively performed.

By the friction stir welding operation as described above, the abutting portions 18 of the aluminum profiles 12a and 12b are attached to the respective thick portions 1a as shown in FIG.
The joining portion 20 is formed so as to straddle 3a and 13b. In addition, a depression 22 is formed on the surface of such a joint 20, that is, in the center of the surface on the side of the rotating jig 16, and burrs 24 accompanying high-speed rotation are formed on both sides of the joint 20. Although such a depression 22 occurs as in the conventional case, such a depression 22 reaches the base material plate thickness (t, t ′) of each of the profiles 12a and 12b due to the presence of the thick portions 13a and 13b. Instead, the strength is effectively ensured. In addition, since the heat-affected zone (softened zone) 26 due to friction stir welding also exists in the formation region of each of the thick portions 13a and 13b, the material change due to the structural change can be suppressed as much as possible. That was it.

Further, in the friction stir welding, the joint 2
For the thick portions 13a and 13b where 0 is formed, the surface on the side where the rotary jig 16 is located is subjected to chamfering, and the thickness of the peripheral portion of the end of the aluminum shapes 12a and 12b: t
By performing smooth cutting so as to have a thickness equal to (t '), as shown in FIG.
It is possible to obtain a sound bonded body (wide-width member) excellent in appearance or design effect without any burrs 24. In the thick portions 13a and 13b, a predetermined height: h (h ')
Further, there is no fear that the unevenness or the like of the joint surface will be removed by the facing so that it affects the fatigue strength.

As described above, as shown in FIG.
a, 12b are butted and joined by friction stir welding to obtain the desired aluminum wide profile, whereby a wide profile excellent in strength with little or no distortion and little structural change can be realized. In addition, the adoption of friction stir welding eliminates the need for filler metal and shielding gas, unlike conventional welding methods, and eliminates the need for groove processing and oxide film removal. There was no need for any modification work.

In the illustrated specific example, only the plate-like portions to be butt-joined are illustrated as the aluminum profiles 12a and 12b, but other portions are, as is well known, various types of aluminum profiles 12a and 12b. It can be configured in shape, for example, as shown in FIG.
2 extruded aluminum profiles 30a, 30b
By joining them in a side-by-side state and by friction stir welding according to the present invention,
By forming, it is possible to obtain a wide profile for a marine vessel, which has been difficult to produce until now, while maintaining the strength of the base material sufficiently. Of course, such a rib 32
It is also possible to use a plate-shaped member having no shape and to make a plurality of the members into a wide plate-shaped member. Further, according to the present invention, since the butted end side portions of the abutted aluminum profiles are all thick portions, even if the thin plates are difficult to be friction stir welded, they can be formed. It can be used as a material and joined.

In the illustrated example, the lower surfaces of the aluminum profiles 12a and 12b, in other words, the rotating jig 16
The side opposite to the side where is located is flush,
Backing the aluminum profiles 12a, 12b
Aluminum plates 12a, 12 which are mounted on plates (not shown) so that their restraint can be easily made, but also abutted, as shown in FIG.
b, projections 34a, 34 of a predetermined height are provided on the lower surface of the end side portion.
It is also effective that b is provided so as to extend at a predetermined width along the butting portion 18. The protrusions 34a, 34b provided on the aluminum profiles 12a, 12b abut against each other to form a groove 3 formed in the backing plate 36.
If the aluminum sections 12a, 12b are fixed in the state of being housed in the housing 8, the separating action of the aluminum sections 12a, 12b by the pins 14 inserted into the abutting portions 18 is prevented. It is effective in doing.

[0026]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below to clarify the present invention more specifically. However, the present invention is not limited by the description of such examples. Not that, of course. Also,
In the present invention, in addition to the following embodiments, in addition to the above-described specific configurations, various changes, modifications, improvements, etc. based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that

First, the plate thickness (t) in the vicinity of the end side portion (base material) to be abutted is 4 mm, the end height (h), the width (w) of the end thick portion, and the profile. The end face accuracy (R) is shown in Table 1 below, width: 500
Various aluminum extruded profiles (6N01-T5 profiles) having a length of 5000 mm and a length of 5000 mm were prepared.

Next, the respective shaped members are butted in the width direction, and in a configuration as shown in FIG. 2, the pin is inserted into the butting portion while the rotating jig having the pin at the tip end portion is rotated at a high speed. To perform friction stir welding. The radius of the pin used in this friction stir welding operation was 2 mm, its length was 3.7 mm, and the radius (r) of the rotating jig was 1 mm.
0 mm, the number of revolutions was 1500 rpm, and the joining (moving) speed was 500 mm / min.

[0029] A tensile test was conducted on the joints of the wide-width profiles made of the various extruded aluminum profiles thus obtained. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0030]

[Table 1]

As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, in the joining materials (wide-width members) obtained in Examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention, the strength of the joining portions was 9% of that of the base material.
The joint efficiency was excellent at 0% or more, in other words, the joint efficiency was 90% or more. Part has a low tensile strength, and even if a thick part exists, even in the case of Comparative Example 2 whose width is narrower than the range specified in the present invention, only a low bonding strength is obtained. It is. In addition, the fracture | rupture of the joining material in Examples 1-4 is all generated in the base material stationary part outside the thick part of the end part of the profile, and the tensile strength is the same as the T5 base material. .

[0032]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, an aluminum wide section having excellent strength and having no or little distortion and little structural change can be obtained.
Unlike conventional welding methods, it can be easily obtained without the need for filler material, shielding gas, and beveling and oxide film removal processes. The present invention has a great technical significance in that the widening of the shape member, which has limitations in the above, can be advantageously realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a conventional friction stir welding method.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view showing a friction stir welding step in the method for manufacturing an aluminum wide profile according to the present invention.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional explanatory views showing a form of a joint in a wide profile obtained according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A shows a state where friction stir welding is performed, and FIG. This shows a state after the shaving has been performed.

FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view showing an example of a wide profile for a ship manufactured by the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view similar to FIG. 2, showing an example in which the shape of the butted end of the aluminum profile is different.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12a, 12b Aluminum profile material 13a, 13b Thick portion 14 Pin 16 Rotating jig 18 Butt portion 20, 33 Joint portion 22 Depression 24 Burr 26 Heat affected zone (softened portion) 30a, 30b Aluminum extruded profile 32 Rib 34a, 34b Projection 36 Backing plate 38 Groove

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-9-309164 (JP, A) JP-A-10-175089 (JP, A) Chris Dawes, Wayne Thomas, Friction stir joining of aluminum alloys, BULLETIN6, UK, TWI, P.M. 124 −127 (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23K 20/12

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for abutting a plurality of aluminum profiles,
A pin provided concentrically at the tip of a rod-shaped rotating jig is inserted into the butting portion while rotating integrally with the rotating jig, and relatively moved to frictionally stir the butting portion. When joining to form a wide profile, the abutting end portion of the aluminum profile is set at 0.degree. On the side where the rotary jig is positioned.
A thick portion protruding at a height of 0.5 to 2 mm is formed, and the width of the upper surface of the thick portion: w is expressed by the following formula: r + 1 ≦ w ≦ r + 30
[However, r indicates the radius (unit: mm) of the rotating jig]
Configured so as to satisfy, abutting be astride the respective thick portion of the aluminum profile, and the friction stir recesses aluminum profile of the junction caused similar bonding
Not to reach the base material thick part
A method for manufacturing a wide aluminum material, wherein a joining portion is formed at the thick portion. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, after the friction stir welding, the thick portion of the aluminum member formed over the joining portion is subjected to facing. 3. The aluminum profile according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum profile comprises a heat-treatable alloy or a work hardening material.
The manufacturing method as described.