JP3273930B2 - Submerged direct sowing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for direct sowing of a paddy rice seed fixed sheet, which is cut in a predetermined amount by using a planting nail and is sowed at a certain depth in a shaved soil at an arbitrary interval and number of grains. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In sowing work in flooded direct sowing cultivation, it is common to use a sowing method using a direct sowing machine in flooded soil and a sowing in the soil using a sowing type sowing machine. In some cases, the soil is scattered on the soil surface. In sowing using a direct sowing machine in flooded soil, a groove is formed in the shaved soil using a shoe-bottom type groover provided at the bottom of the float, and seeds coated with calper agent etc. fall naturally in the groove to cover the soil. The soil is covered with a board. Driving-type mid-soil seeding is a method in which a constant amount of calper-coated seeds is supplied to a saw blade rotating at a high speed, the seeds are given an appropriate speed, and the seeds are poured into shaved soil to obtain a constant seeding depth.

[0003]

However, in any of the sowing methods, it is difficult to sow to a certain sowing depth due to uneven hardness of the shaved soil, and the problem of poor seedling establishment or lodging still remains. Not resolved.

[0004] In order to obtain a uniform sowing depth in a plowed soil having uneven hardness and softness, it is effective to forcibly push the seeds to a certain depth with a plunger or the like. Such a sowing method can also be realized by using a planting mechanism of a rice transplanter. The idea of using rice transplanters for direct sowing in direct flooding has been around for a long time, and studies have been conducted on setting soil and seeds in a mat with an adhesive and setting them on rice transplanters. Since it was heavy, easily collapsed, and was as small as 60 cm in length, it could not be put into practical use (Nakaya, Ishikawa Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report 1981).

[0005] The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the technical field and to provide a direct flooded direct sowing method using a fixed paddy rice seed sheet that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. Is what you do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a water-soluble or water-dispersible sheet-like support in which an adhesive layer is arranged in a streak shape, and the adhesive layer is provided with paddy rice. The seeds are stuck and fixed, the sheet-like support is covered with a water-soluble polymer film to form a paddy rice seed fixing sheet holding rice seeds, and the paddy rice seed fixing sheet is mounted on a sheet feeding device of a working machine. In a method of sequentially cutting out a predetermined amount of a rice seed fixed sheet with a planting claw and sowing in the soil,
The pitch of the row of paddy rice seed pressure-sensitive adhesive layers provided on the sheet-like support was matched with the horizontal scraping pitch of the planting claw of the working machine, and further provided with a vertical blade and an M-shaped horizontal blade. It is characterized in that several seeds are cut into blocks together with a sheet-like support with a special planting claw, and the seeds are sown while being pushed into the soil to a certain depth.

In order to sequentially cut a predetermined amount of the rice seed fixing sheet with the planting nail, the work machine feeds the sheet which feeds the rice seed fixing sheet at a constant pitch in the left and right direction in conjunction with the movement of the planting nail. A device is provided. A planting mechanism of a rice transplanter can be used for such a mechanism of the planting claw and the sheet feeding device, and a conventionally well-known rice transplanter can also be used as a working machine of the present invention.

In this method, recycled paper, urea foamed resin or rock wool is used for a water-soluble or water-dispersible sheet-like support. By using such a material having a certain rigidity for the sheet-shaped support, it is possible to cut out the material at a constant interval with a dedicated planting nail. The water-soluble polymer film is a polyvinyl alcohol film, which is stuck on a sheet-like support with an adhesive,
It serves to prevent detachment of fixed seeds until the seeding operation is completed.

Further, according to the present invention, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided on the water-soluble or water-dispersible sheet-like support is a water-soluble pressure-sensitive adhesive, and is provided on the sheet-like support in a streak-like or dot-like manner. Fix the seeds in a streak with. The pitch of the row of seeds is matched with the horizontal feed pitch of the sheet feeding device of the work machine, and the paddy rice seed fixing sheet is formed by using a special planting claw equipped with a vertical blade and an M-shaped horizontal blade. It is possible to cut out a predetermined amount continuously and accurately.

[0010] The sheet-like support and the water-soluble polymer film constituting the paddy rice seed fixing sheet are gradually dispersed in the paddy soil after sowing, and the water-soluble adhesive is rapidly dispersed after sowing. Has no effect. The paddy rice seed fixing sheet formed by such a method is lightweight, and can be sowed in a large area with high efficiency by being rolled and mounted in a large amount on a working machine.

In submerged direct sowing cultivation, seeds coated with a calper agent or the like using calcium peroxide as a raw material are generally used to promote germination. In the present invention, seeds coated with calcium peroxide are also used for promoting germination, but in the present invention, seeds are adhered to a sheet-like support and sown in a fixed state. It is also effective to apply it to a support.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view of a rice seed fixing sheet wound in a roll shape, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the rice seed fixing sheet, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a planting claw for the rice seed fixing sheet, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a seeding operation state using a rotary rice transplanter, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing the distribution of germination depth in the method of the present invention and the conventional method.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a sheet-like support (paddy rice fixed sheet), and 2 is a paddy rice seed coated with calcium peroxide. The width of the paddy rice seed fixing sheet 1 is 280 mm, which is the same as the inner size of the seedling table of a well-known rice transplanter, and the length can be appropriately selected. The seeds are fixed in a streak in 18 rows. As described above, recycled paper, urea foamed resin, or rock wool can be used for the sheet-like support 1.

In FIG. 2, which shows an enlarged cross section of the rice seed fixing sheet 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a sheet-like support, 2 denotes a calcium peroxide-coated rice seed, 3 denotes an adhesive, and 4 denotes a water-soluble polymer film.

Hereinafter, an example of using water-dispersible recycled paper for the sheet-like support 1 will be described.
The method of manufacturing will be described. First, a method of coating and disposing the adhesive 3 on the sheet-like support (recycled paper) 1 will be described. In the present invention, as a method of applying and disposing the adhesive 3 on the recycled paper l, first, the adhesive 3 is applied on the release paper in a streak shape, and the adhesive 3 is applied and disposed. A method of transferring the adhesive 3 to the recycled paper by bonding the release paper and the recycled paper is used. That is, the water-soluble pressure-sensitive adhesive 3 was applied with a width of 280 using a coating machine (Kisko-Yu).
Coating width of 3 m per roll on roll paper
The coating is performed so that the thickness after drying is 18 and the thickness after drying is about 60 μm, and the coating is dried at about 100 ° C. Next, a release paper coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive 3 and a recycled paper (Marusan Paper Co., Ltd.)
And the basis weight is 180 Og / m ² ), and the streaky adhesive 3 is transferred to the recycled paper 1.

On the recycled paper 1 coated with the adhesive 3 in the form of a streak formed in this manner, the sheet is soaked up to the shape of a pigeon chest, and powdered with calcium peroxide (Nippon Caloxide Co., Ltd., Perwell G) ) Coated rice seed 2 and sprinkled with adhesive 3
Place on top and stick. Next, on top of this, 300m wide
m of polyvinyl alcohol film (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 30 μm thickness) 4 is sprayed, water is sprayed at about 100 g / m ² , air is sprayed on the film, and dried, a rice seed fixing sheet is completed.

As a method for placing and attaching the seeds 2 on the sheet-like support 1 in a streak form, the adhesive 3 is first transferred to the polyvinyl alcohol film 4 in a streak form using a release paper. Alternatively, a method may be used in which the calcium peroxide-coated seeds 2 are placed and stuck on the polyvinyl alcohol film 4 in a streak shape, and then stuck to the sheet-like support l. This method is suitable when the sheet-like support 1 is made of urea foam resin or rock wool to which the adhesive 3 is not easily attached.

3 and 4, a planting nail B according to the present invention is shown.
Will be described. Planting nail B is paddy rice seed fixing sheet A
Has a vertical blade 5 and an M-shaped horizontal blade 6 in order to cut off a rectangular block. When cutting the sheet A into blocks, if either the vertical blade 5 or the horizontal blade 6 cuts the sheet A first, the other remains connected. For this reason, the horizontal blade 6 is M-shaped, and the lower end 6 a point and the lower end 5
The shape is such that the distance from the point A to the sheet A surface is equal and the vertical and horizontal directions can be cut off at the same time. Further, the blade surface of the M-shaped horizontal blade 6 is set so as to act vertically on the sheet A so that the horizontal direction of the cut block can be linearly cut.

As described above, the sheet feeding device 8 of the working machine
Performs the same operation as a seedling table of a rice transplanter that moves at a constant pitch in the left and right directions in conjunction with the movement of the planting nail B. In the present invention, the number of cuts in the horizontal direction by the planting claws of the working machine and the number of seed rows of the paddy rice seed fixing sheet A are matched to ensure high cutting accuracy. When the number of cuts in the horizontal direction is set to 18, the number of seed rows of the paddy rice seed fixing sheet A is also 18, and the lateral feed pitch per one time of the number of times of scraping is 16 mm. The width of the horizontal blade 6 is 16 mm. By doing so, the seeds mounted on the paddy rice seed fixing sheet A can be effectively sown by a fixed amount.

In the actual sowing process, the paddy rice seed fixing sheet A is cut into a block shape on which several seeds are mounted by the planting claws B, and is held in the planting claws B. It is pushed into the soil and sown.

EXAMPLE A seeding test of the method according to the present invention using a rice transplanter as a working machine and a conventional method using a direct sowing machine in flooded soil were performed under favorable conditions at high temperatures.
The sprouting depth was measured by pulling out each book, and the accuracy of the seeding depth was compared (see FIG. 5).

The rice transplanter on which the rice seed fixing sheet A is mounted is a rice transplanter based on a long mat rice transplanter.
A dedicated planting nail B having a vertical blade 5 and an M-shaped horizontal blade 6 is provided, and a seed press 8 is provided with a sheet holding device 9. In addition, the vertical distance between the lowermost end of the push rod 7 and the lowermost end of the float 10 at the position where the push rod 7 pushes the seed sheet A into the soil was set as the seeding depth, which was set to 8 mm.

In a conventional sowing method using a direct sowing machine in flooded soil, a general sowing machine having a shoe-bottom type groove cutting device below the float and a plate-like covering device is used. The test seeds were soaked to the shape of a pigeon chest, and both methods were coated with calcium peroxide powder.

FIG. 5 shows the distribution of budding depth in both methods. The budding depth is the distance from the boundary where the rice stalk is in the soil and not white and green, to the bottom of the seed, and is used to easily measure the sowing depth. In the conventional method using a direct sowing machine in flooded soil, the ratio of the seeds exposed to the surface is 10% and the germination depth varies widely. However, in the rice seed fixed sheet of the present invention, the peak at the set sowing depth of 8 mm is reached. The distribution is reduced, and the variation is suppressed to be small.

[0025]

As described above, according to the method of direct flooding according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. . A predetermined amount of seeds are sequentially removed by scraping the paddy rice seed fixing sheet, in which the seeds are arranged in a streak shape in accordance with the horizontal scraping pitch of the working machine, with planting claws having vertical blades and M-shaped horizontal blades. It becomes possible to cut out. . Since the planting claw of the rice transplanter acts at a certain depth from the bottom end of the float regardless of the hardness of the soil, several seeds cut together with the sheet-shaped support pair are sown at a certain depth in the soil. Is done. . In direct sowing cultivation in flooded soil, seeding is usually poor when the seeding depth is too deep, it falls down just before harvesting when the seeding depth is too shallow, and when exposed on the soil surface, it suffers bird damage, but according to the present invention. In the sowing method, the sowing depth is more stable than in the existing sowing method. . The stable seeding depth solves the problems of instability of seedling establishment and lodging which are problems in direct sowing in flooded soil. Further, since several seeds are spot-seeded, a strain similar to that of the transplant cultivation is formed, and the lodging resistance is improved as compared with the row sowing and the sowing performed in the normal flooded direct sowing cultivation. As a result, the instability of yield and quality, which is a problem in submerged direct sowing cultivation, is resolved. . At present, medium- and small-scale management accounts for the majority of the current direct sowing cultivation methods, which require new mechanical investment and lack the stability of yield, so the benefits of incorporating them into management are small and their spread has not progressed. According to the method described above, a rice transplanter owned by a farmer can be used as a working machine, so that when a transplanting cultivator introduces direct sowing, it is necessary to provide a stable direct sowing technology at the same level as transplantation without requiring mechanical costs. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rice seed fixing sheet wound in a roll shape.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a rice seed fixing sheet.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a planting claw for a rice seed fixing sheet.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a sowing operation state using a rotary rice transplanter as a working machine.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the distribution of budding depth in the method of the present invention and the conventional method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 sheet-like support (paddy rice fixed sheet) 2 paddy rice seed coated with calcium peroxide 3 adhesive 4 water-soluble polymer film 5 vertical blade 6 horizontal blade 7 push rod 8 sheet feeding device (seedling table) 9 sheet holding device 10 Float A Paddy rice seed fixing sheet B Planting nail

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiyoshi Nagasaka 5-521-203, Matsushiro, Tsukuba, Ibaraki (72) Inventor Hitoshi Shigeta 4-26-406-402, Matsushiro, Tsukuba, Ibaraki (72) Inventor Kazuo 1329-31 Minami-Otani, Machida-shi, Tokyo (72) Inventor Tomohiro Shoji 1136, Shioka, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken (72) Inventor Kazunori Ogama 1-32 Chayacho, Kita-ku, Osaka, Osaka Inside Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-53-107907 (JP, A) JP-A-8-266108 (JP, A) JP-A-10-28409 (JP, A) JP-A 2001-86809 (JP, A) Hei 6-60306 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 1/04 A01C 7/08 310

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is streaked on a water-soluble or water-dispersible sheet-like support. Paddy rice seeds are stuck and fixed on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. Forming a paddy seed fixing sheet holding paddy seeds by coating with a molecular film, mounting the paddy seed fixing sheet on a sheet feeding device of a working machine, and sequentially cutting out a predetermined amount of the paddy rice seed fixing sheet with a planting claw, In the method of sowing in the soil, the pinion of the row of the rice seed adhesive layer disposed on the sheet-like support is used.
To match the horizontal scraping pitch of the planting claw of the work equipment
And a special planting with vertical blades and M-shaped horizontal blades
With nails, block a few seeds with sheet-like support
A method of direct sowing in water, characterized in that the seeds are cut into pieces and pushed into soil at a certain depth .