JP3261404B2 - Skeleton structure of standardized apartment house - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a geometric structure of a standardized multi-story housing complex, and more particularly to a skeleton structure of a skeleton part (a skeleton) and a dwelling unit part (an infill) constituting a multi-story house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Apartment houses are generally referred to as condominiums and apartments, and the necessity thereof is increasing in order to meet the demand for housing in urban areas with an overcrowded population. In recent years, not only in multi-family dwellings, but there is a growing idea of completely separating and designing the structure of a building into its skeleton (skeleton) and dwelling unit (infill). A skeleton is a framework of a building, specifically, columns, beams, slabs, walls, and the like. On the other hand, the infill is the contents of the building and includes partitions, equipment, interiors, and the like. The skeleton of a low-rise multi-family house of about 5 stories or less, which is the subject of the present invention, often uses a reinforced concrete structure in terms of construction and materials. In terms of shape, a ramen, a wall type, a flat slab structure and the like are often used, and the characteristics of each are well known.

In a conventional apartment house, a specific skeleton structure is generally selected for the entire building or at least for each floor. For example, it has a ramen structure composed of columns and beams, a wall-type structure composed of walls and slabs, or a mixed structure thereof. As a mixed structure of a ramen structure and a wall-type structure in one building, there are ones that are used separately in the vertical direction, that is, a low-rise part and a high-rise part, or those that use a frame structure in the girder direction and a wall structure in the direction between beams. These mixed structures are combinations in one building or one floor, and a mixed structure combining different structures in one dwelling unit has not been proposed yet.

[0004] In an apartment house, a plurality of dwelling units are generally arranged on one floor. And the demand for individualization of dwelling units from the current diversification of society and life,
Increasingly. When multiple dwelling units are arranged on one floor, if individual dwelling units are to be given diversity, individual design for each dwelling unit is required, and based on the individual design, the entire floor including the common part or The design of the entire building must be considered. This requires many steps and results in low efficiency.

[0005] As described above, the realization of diversity in an apartment house is a request that is hardly compatible with standardization. recent years,
In detached houses, those that have simplified the on-site construction by emphasizing factory production, as seen in unit houses, have become popular, but in the case of apartment houses, several unitization methods have been proposed. Despite this, it is still often left to individual design, and the specific gravity of on-site construction is higher than that of factory production. Although unitization certainly contributes to improving efficiency in many aspects such as material costs and construction, future standardized apartment buildings must also be able to respond sufficiently to diversification requirements.

[0006] One dwelling unit of an apartment house includes equipment zones such as a kitchen, a bathroom, a toilet, a washroom and the like which require plumbing equipment, and living room zones such as a living room and a bedroom. Conventionally, the division between the equipment zone and the living room zone has been performed exclusively by infill construction, and almost no consideration has been given to the arrangement of the equipment zone and the living room zone from the stage of skeleton construction. Usually, after a slab having a uniform surface is formed, an equipment zone and a living room zone are provided thereon. In such a case, for example, a step is usually generated between a bathroom in which a unit bath is installed and another part such as a living room. In order to eliminate the step and realize barrier-free, the floor of the living room had to be raised, and as a result, the floor height had to be increased in order to secure the ceiling height of the living room. As the floor height increases, the height of the whole building increases, which leads to higher costs from various aspects.
In addition, it has been necessary to penetrate the beam for piping in the equipment zone. As described above, the conventional housing complex structure includes skeleton elements such as slabs, beams, and floor heights, facilities,
Infill elements such as a floor surface and a ceiling surface are often closely related to each other and restrict each other, and the independence of the skeleton and the infill has not been sufficiently ensured.

[0007] In addition, it is difficult to standardize the integration of the conventional housing complex with the skeleton structure, and the estimation accuracy has not been improved. Therefore, there is a strong demand for quantification by standardization and standardization of integration. Furthermore, in a conventional apartment house with a skeleton structure, the maintenance cycle is unclear, so that standardization of replacement and repair and manual maintenance and management are required. In addition, in the construction of multiple dwelling houses, although the specific gravity of on-site construction is high, it is desirable that high-performance and high-quality in factory production be realized even on-site construction and that they can be supplied without choosing any installer. Not even.

[0008]

In view of the above problems,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide performance, quality,
Industrialization, standardization, qualification,
Achieving quantification and satisfying the diversification requirements of the market. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a standardized apartment house as an ideal standardized product from all aspects of structure, construction, facilities, environment, design, etc., by improving the skeleton structure of the standardized apartment house.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house having the following features.

(1) In a skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house constituted by connecting basic units, the basic unit has a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a pair of opposing opening surfaces and a pair of boundary surfaces as side surfaces. Formed in space and diverse
This is a standardization unit having a flat slab portion and a beam slab portion that can be classified . Further, the basic unit includes a wall provided on the boundary surface, a lower edge of the front opening surface,
The beam slab section, and the flat slab section and
A plurality of beams arranged at least at the boundary of the muslab,
A plurality of members erected on the beam inside the basic unit
Having a number of middle pillars, the cross-sectional dimensions of the middle pillars and
This is a standardized unit that unifies the cross-sectional dimensions of the beam. The flat slab portion has an inverted beam structure including a flat slab installed at a lower end position of the beam surrounding the flat slab portion, and the beam slab portion is configured by a part of the plurality of beams. And it has a forward beam structure. ( 2 ) In the flat slab section,
An underfloor space can be formed between the beam and the floor provided at the upper end of the beam. ( 3 ) Two basic units having the same structure can be connected vertically. ( 4 ) On the beam slab of the basic unit, a half unit consisting of another beam slab can be connected. (5) a removable part of the floor of the boundary of the two beam Love portion connected vertically. ( 6 ) There are cases where a plurality of middle pillars are erected at an equal span. ( 7 ) There are cases where a plurality of middle pillars are erected at the same distance from the boundary surfaces on both sides. ( 8 ) A boundary surface of another basic unit can be connected to one of the pair of boundary surfaces of the basic unit. ( 9 ) An opening surface of another basic unit can be connected to one of the pair of opening surfaces of the basic unit. ( 10 ) A half unit composed of only the beam slab portion can be connected to any one of the pair of boundary surfaces of the basic unit. ( 11 ) A half unit of a special shape in which one corner of the beam slab is cut off can be connected to one of the pair of boundary surfaces of the basic unit. ( 12 ) The flat slab portion may have any one of an I-shape, an L-shape, and a T-shape. ( 13 ) The basic attachment can be configured by connecting at least one selected from the group including a stair, an elevator, a corridor, and a hall to a boundary surface or an opening surface of the basic unit.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A shows two conventional arrangement methods for connecting the flat slab 112 to the beam 114. On the right, a flat slab 112
Is a forward beam structure, which is generally used conventionally. On the left, a flat slab 112
Is used in cases such as when it is desired to prevent the beam shape from appearing on the ceiling. In the inverted beam structure, the floor 117 is provided at the upper end position of the beam, so that the flat slab 112 is provided.
There is an advantage that an underfloor space 116 is obtained between the floor 117 and the floor 117.

FIG. 1B is a schematic perspective view illustrating a basic unit 1 having a skeleton structure according to the present invention, which is applied to a medium-to-low-rise standardized apartment house. The basic unit 1 according to the present invention is formed in a rectangular solid space shown in FIG.
It has a rectangular shape having a frontage W and a depth L in plan view (in the present invention, the frontage W is shorter or equal to the depth L). Hereinafter, for the sake of convenience, with respect to the four side surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped space in which the basic unit 1 is formed, a pair of opposing side surfaces having the same length as the frontage are referred to as “opening surfaces”,
A pair of opposing side surfaces having the same length as the depth are referred to as “boundary surfaces”.

One basic unit 1 shown in FIG.
It is composed of two types of zones, a flat slab section 10 and a beam slab section 20. The basic unit 1 includes a plurality of middle pillars 30 that are vertical elements. These plural middle pillars 30
It is erected at an appropriate span on a line parallel to the boundary surface, and the lower ends of the two middle pillars at both ends are respectively arranged on the lower edge 2 of the opening surface.
The basic unit 1 further includes a plurality of beams that are horizontal elements. Each of the plurality of beams has at least one end connected to the lower end of any of the middle pillars 30. When the plurality of beams are classified according to the installation positions, the beams 24 installed on the lower end 2 of the opening surface and the beams 2 installed in the beam slab 20
5 and a beam 26 installed on the boundary between the flat slab section 10 and the beam slab section 20. Flat slab part 1
0 is a beam surrounding this flat slab portion (in the illustrated example,
It includes a flat slab 12 in the shape of a flat plate installed at a part of the beam 24 and the lower end position of the beam 26). The beam slab section 20
Some of the plurality of beams (in the illustrated example, beam 2
4 and beams 25 and 26).

A boundary wall of the basic unit 1 is usually provided with a boundary wall or an outer wall 18 because the boundary surface is a boundary with an adjacent basic unit or the outside. However, when extending the basic unit 1, these boundary surfaces may be constituted by columns and beams.

As noted herein, the term "flat slab" in the present invention has a different meaning from that of a conventional so-called beamless flat slab structure. The “flat slab” in the present invention is referred to as such in order to be compared with the “beam slab”. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a form in which one basic unit is used as one dwelling unit is the most common, but various other application examples are also described later.

The most important feature of the present invention is that the flat slab section 10 has an inverted beam structure with respect to the surrounding beams 24 and 26, while the beam slab section 20 has 24, 25 and 26 have a forward beam structure. That is, the present invention is characterized in that a basic unit is configured by combining a forward beam structure and a reverse beam structure.

FIG. 2 is a sectional perspective view of the basic unit 1 shown in FIG. Floor 28 of beam slab section 20 on the forward beam side
Is installed at the top of the beam as usual. When the floor 28 on the forward beam side and the floor 17 on the reverse beam side are provided so as to be uniform, the underfloor space 16 having a thickness corresponding to the beam formation is formed between the floor 17 on the reverse beam side and the flat slab 12. Secured.

The inverted beam side, that is, the flat slab portion 10
Since the underfloor space 16 can be secured in this way, it is suitable for use as an equipment zone in one dwelling unit. The underfloor space 16 is a space without any obstacles surrounded by the beams, the flat slab, and the floor. Therefore, various pipes can be installed in this space without penetrating the beam. Further, replacement of pipes and equipment is easy. In addition, since there is a space under the floor, the degree of freedom of infill installation is extremely high, such as installation of a unit bath for barrier-free and storage under the floor. That is, there is no need to consider the relationship with the structural system (skeleton) when installing the equipment system (infill).

On the other hand, the beam slab 20
Is suitable for use as a living room zone. Compared with the conventional skeleton having only the forward beam structure having the same floor height, the beam slab portion of the present invention can sufficiently secure the ceiling height of each living room even when it is barrier-free.

It should be noted that the flat slab portion of the inverted beam is suitable as an equipment zone, but is not necessarily required to be an equipment zone and may be a living room. For example, a living room having a barrier-free floor straddling the flat slab section and the beam slab section can be easily formed. However, the ceiling height of the living room provided in the flat slab is lower than that of the beam slab. On the other hand, using the beam slab part of the forward beam as the equipment zone
This is unsuitable in that the features of the present invention cannot be used.

FIG. 3 is a diagram collectively explaining the features of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a skeleton of the basic unit 1. The planar basic unit 1 is a rectangle having a predetermined frontage and depth. When the frontage is shorter than the depth, the basic unit 1 has a rectangular shape as shown, and when the frontage is equal to each other, it has a square shape. The plurality of beams included in the basic unit 1 include a beam 24 installed on the lower edge 2 of the opening surface, a beam 25 arranged at a predetermined span inside the beam slab portion 20, and a flat slab portion 10 and a beam slab portion. There are beams 26 located at the boundaries of the twenty. The plurality of middle pillars 30 are erected at a predetermined span on a line parallel to the boundary surface, and two lower ends at both ends are located on the lower edge 2 of the opening surface. Each beam has at least one end connected to the lower end of any middle pillar. The skeleton element inside the flat slab section 10 is a flat slab 12 and has no penetrating beam.

When the basic unit 1 is one dwelling unit, a boundary wall or an outer wall is provided on the boundary surface of the basic unit 1. As described above, the basic unit 1 of the present invention is a mixture of the wall-type structure of the flat slab portion, the ramen structure of the beam slab portion, and a plurality of middle pillars erected inside or preferably substantially at the center of the basic unit. Due to the structure, a skeleton structure excellent in strength is realized. Further, such a mixed structure in a single dwelling unit is a unique feature of the present invention, which has not existed before.

A further feature of the present invention is that the cross-sectional dimensions of the columns and beams are unified. The advantage of unifying the column-beam cross-sectional dimensions is that, first, there is no column shape or beam shape on the wall on the boundary surface side. Therefore, there is almost no limitation when the infill is installed on the wall side. Further, since there is no pillar shape on the opening surface side, the opening can be made large, and an open design can be realized. The unification of column and beam cross-sectional dimensions leads to the unification of members and infills, thereby reducing costs. Note that the boundary wall at the boundary surface may be a column and a beam instead of a wall, as will be described later in an example of unit expansion.

FIG. 3B shows the division of the basic unit 1 into zones. Since the separation of the equipment zone and the living zone is performed at the stage of building the skeleton, a reasonable housing system can be realized. Thus, the skeleton and the infill can be completely independent, and the infill can be freely installed and replaced without considering the skeleton as shown in FIG. 3C.

FIG. 3D shows a combination of a forward beam and a reverse beam.
This indicates that the ceiling height (h) on the side beam side used as a living room can be secured. In addition, by unifying the column and beam cross-sectional dimensions, it is easy to secure the ceiling height even when the beams are not exposed to the ceiling side. As shown in FIG. 3 (E), the pipes and the equipment 19 can be arranged in the space below the inverted beam so that replacement and repair can be easily performed without penetrating the beam. Further, the equipment zone can be made compact.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the expandability of the basic unit 1 of FIG. 1 (B). First, in the vertical direction, another flat slab 12 ′ is placed on the flat slab section 10 and another beam slab section 20 ′ is placed on the beam slab section 10 so as to be expanded. That is, since the flat slab portion is stacked on the flat slab portion and the beam slab portion is stacked on the beam slab portion, the division of the flat slab portion and the beam slab portion on the upper and lower floors is the same. Of course, infill 40
Can be changed freely.

Further, as an application example, by removing the floor of the forward beam side, that is, the beam slab portion 20, the blow-through,
Compatible with maisonettes. The floor can be removed in whole or in part. The basic unit of the present invention can select whether to provide an upper floor or not for each unit or a half unit (a unit of only a flat slab portion or a beam slab portion), for example, for a setback type building on a slope or the like. It is easy to correspond.

Next, the horizontal direction can be expanded by connecting another basic unit 1 'or a half unit to the boundary surface side of the basic unit. Whether or not to provide an adjacent unit can be selected for each unit or half unit, so that, for example, even if the site has an irregular shape, it is easy to make the outer shape of the building correspond to the site.

FIG. 5 shows a modification of the basic unit of the present invention. In the illustrated example, the center pillar 30 is 600 or 550 mm.
The corners and wall thickness are 22 cm and the beam length is 600 or 550 m. However, the columns and beams have the same cross section. The unit of the dimension display in the drawing is mm. FIG. 5A shows a basic shape of a plane rectangle. Flat slab section 10 and beam slab section 2
0 are equal in width, and the beam span of the beam slab section 20 is also equal. A is a maximum of 4800m when the column is 600mm square
m, the maximum length is 4350 mm in the case of a 550 mm square column. FIG.
(B) is an example of a plane square. A is a maximum of 5000 mm for a 600 mm square pillar, and a maximum of 46 mm for a 550 mm square pillar.
00 mm. FIG. 5C shows a plane square shape, but the width of the beam slab portion 20 is larger than that of the flat slab portion 10. A is a maximum of 7300 in the case of 600 mm square pillar
mm and 550 mm square, the maximum is 7000 mm. FIG.
(D) changes the span of the beam between the center column 30 and the beam slab portion 20. A is up to 76 for a 600 mm square pillar
It is 7000 mm at the maximum for 00 mm and 550 mm square columns.
FIG. 5E shows an example in which the width of the beam in the beam slab portion is increased and the number of beams is reduced by making the frontage considerably shorter than the depth. A is a maximum of 7,000 mm for a column of 600 mm square and a maximum of 6,500 mm for a column of 550 mm square. It should be noted that specific dimensions are merely examples, and are not limited to these.

FIG. 6 shows the possibility of changing the dimensions of the frontage and the depth in one basic unit. As for the frontage, since the widths of the flat slab portion and the beam slab portion can be expanded and contracted within allowable limits, the entire frontage can be expanded and contracted. Further, the depth can be expanded or contracted by increasing or decreasing the number of the center pillars 30. In that case, the number of beams 25 of the beam slab portion 20 also increases or decreases according to the increase or decrease of the center pillar 30. The span of the center pillar 30 may be equal or unequal, and the distance between adjacent center pillars can be changed within an allowable limit. In this way, the depth of the basic unit can also be expanded and contracted.

FIGS. 7 and 8 are views showing an example of extension by connecting a half unit composed of a beam slab portion to a boundary surface of a basic unit. FIG. 7A shows a half unit of a beam slab portion in which one boundary surface is formed by columns 30 and beams, and the other boundary surface is formed by walls 18. FIG. 7 (B)
This is an example in which the beam slab portion side of the basic unit 1 and the column side of the half unit are connected. FIG. 7C shows an example in which the beam slab side of the basic unit 1 and the wall side of the half unit are connected. FIG. 7D shows an example in which the flat slab portion side of the basic unit 1 is connected to the wall side of the half unit. FIG. 7 (E)
This is an example in which the flat slab portion side of the basic unit 1 and the column side of the half unit are connected. 7B and 7E, the area of one dwelling unit can be increased.

FIG. 8A shows a half unit of a beam slab portion in which both boundary surfaces are constituted by columns 30 and beams. FIG. 8B shows an example in which a half unit is connected to the beam slab portion side of the basic unit 1, and FIG.
This is an example in which a half unit is connected to the flat slab portion side of FIG.

It should be noted that a cantilever projecting from the basic unit can be provided within an allowable limit (for example, within 2 m). When the boundary surface between the basic unit and the half unit is a wall, an opening up to one third of the wall length is possible.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which half units of a special shape are connected to accommodate an irregularly shaped site. FIG.
The half unit 20 of (A) has a shape in which a corner of the half unit is cut off by a length corresponding to one span of a pillar to form a wall 18. The half unit shown in FIG. 9B has a shape in which one corner of the half unit is cut off by a length corresponding to two column spans to form a wall 18. With such a semi-unit shape, it is possible to flexibly cope with a deformed site such as a triangle or a trapezoid, or a narrow site often used in urban areas, and the space can be more effectively utilized. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform detailed individual correspondence while being a standardization unit. As an advanced form,
It is also conceivable to standardize irregularly shaped units.

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of division of a flat slab portion and a beam slab portion in a flat square basic unit. FIG. 10A shows an example in which the flat slab section 10 and the beam slab section 20 are arranged side by side in parallel with the depth direction, and FIG. 10B shows an example in which the flat slab section and the beam slab section 20 are arranged side by side in parallel with the frontage direction.

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of dividing a flat slab portion and a beam slab portion in a flat rectangular basic unit. FIG. 11A shows an example in which the flat slab section 10 and the beam slab section 20 are arranged side by side in parallel with the depth direction (I-shape). FIGS. 11B and 11C are examples in which the flat slab portions 10 are arranged in an L shape. FIG.
(D) is an example in which the flat slab portion 10 is arranged in a T-shape and the equipment zone is widened. FIGS. 11E and 11F show
Conversely, this is an example of a large living zone. FIG. 11 (G) and
(H) is an example in which the flat slab part 10 and the beam slab part 20 are juxtaposed along the frontage, and in (H), the flat slab part 10 is arranged in two places. in this way,
Since the flat slab section and the beam slab section can be variously divided at the boundary between the center pillar and the beam in the basic unit, the degree of freedom in the layout design of the equipment zone and the living zone is high.

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a five-story apartment house constructed by stacking the basic units of the present invention in the vertical direction. On each floor, the left side is the flat slab section (equipment zone) and the right side is the beam slab section (living room zone). In the embodiment, the floor height H is 2.760 to 3.0.
60m. The ceiling height ch.1 in the living room zone is 2.55
0 to 2.850 m, ceiling height ch.2 in the equipment zone is 2.
100 to 2.400 m. By the way, according to the provisions of the specific excellent rental housing, the floor height H is 2.960 m and the ceiling height ch is 2.750 m (when the ceiling is stuck, 2.600 m).
Becomes In the example of a conventional barrier-free apartment house, the floor height is about 3.200 to 3.600 m.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an entire multi-unit apartment constructed by connecting and stacking the basic units of the present invention in the horizontal and vertical directions. FIG. 13A shows the most common series type. FIG. 13B shows a set-back type, which can cope with oblique line restriction by connecting half units. Although not shown, a basic unit or a half unit having an inclined wall surface is also possible. FIG. 13 (C) is a piloti type, in which the first floor is composed of only independent columns or walls, and the basic unit according to the present invention is used for floors higher than the second floor. FIG. 13D shows a blow-through maisonette type in which the floor of the beam slab portion of the forward beam is removed. FIG. 13E shows an example in which the vehicle is constructed on a slope. Since the basic unit of the present invention can be connected and expanded for each unit or every half unit, it is easy to cope with a slope.

FIG. 14 shows some examples of plane arrangement of basic units in an actual apartment house. FIG. 14 (A) and (B)
Is an example in which two basic units are connected via a boundary wall. FIG. 14C shows an example in which the opening surfaces of two basic units are connected to each other. FIG. 14D shows an example in which the boundary walls of the basic units are connected by being shifted by one span of the center pillar.
FIGS. 14E and 14F show examples in which two basic units are independently arranged. FIG. 14G shows an example in which two sets of two basic units are connected and arranged independently. FIG.
(H) is an example in which three basic units are arranged independently while being shifted.

FIGS. 15 to 17 show examples of the configuration of a series of buildings in an actual apartment house. One floor of an actual apartment house includes common areas such as stairs, elevators, corridors, and halls in addition to living areas. Think of the addition of these common parts to the basic unit as a basic attachment,
This is also one of the standardization factors. FIG. 15A shows a basic attachment in which a stair or an elevator 52 is added to the opening side of the basic unit 1. FIG. 15 (B) to (E)
Are examples of a ridge configuration using a staircase / elevator type basic attachment.

FIG. 16A shows a basic attachment in which a corridor 54 is added to one of the opening side and the boundary side of the basic unit 1. FIGS. 16B to 16E are examples of a building configuration using a corridor-type basic attachment.

FIG. 17A shows a basic attachment in which a hole 56 is added between the opening surfaces of the two basic units 1. FIGS. 17B to 17D each show examples of a ridge configuration using a hall-type basic attachment.

As is clear from FIGS. 15 to 17, additional elements of each basic attachment (eg, stairs, corridors, etc.)
Can be attached to either or both of the opening side and the boundary side of the basic unit, and can also be attached to a half unit. By these combinations, various variations are possible in the building configuration. FIG. 18 shows an example of a combination thereof.

FIG. 19 shows an example of an actual design in which the basic unit of the present invention is applied to an apartment house having different housing areas and uses. FIG. 19A shows an example of a single-type apartment house having a housing area of 22 m ² , and FIG. 19B shows the skeleton structure of FIG. In FIG. 19B, two basic units are connected at a boundary surface. The basic unit in this case is similar to that of FIG. 10B, and is a type in which the flat slab portion 10 and the beam slab portion 20 are arranged side by side in parallel with the frontage direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 19A, by providing a boundary wall along the middle pillar of the basic unit, one basic unit is made into two dwelling units. Thus, the basic unit of the present invention is not always used as one dwelling unit.

FIGS. 19 (C) to 19 (E) show the housing area 5
5m ² (2LDK), 65m ² (2LDK), 75m ² (3LD
An example of a family type apartment house K) is shown. (C) and
(D) has three central pillars, and (E) has four.

Although the present invention has been described mainly with reference to the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other variations of the present invention are possible. In addition to the structural advantages described above, the basic unit of the present invention is also excellent in that the structure itself is simple and easy to understand.

It should be noted that the skeleton structure of the apartment house according to the present invention can be said to belong to a new structure type that has not been provided in the past from the viewpoint of shape. On the other hand, in terms of construction method and materials used, it is most preferable that the apartment house to which the present invention is applied has a well-known reinforced concrete structure. That is,
The center pillar, beam, and flat slab of the basic unit according to the present invention can be constructed by various steps such as mounting of reinforcing bars, formwork, and placing concrete in a reinforced concrete method. Recently, in the construction of reinforced concrete structures, precast (PC) concrete is widely used as a formwork for columns and beams, but the use of such PC concrete is effective in improving efficiency such as quality, cost, and construction period. It is very suitable for standardized apartment houses and can be further rationalized by being applied in conjunction with the present invention.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention, a new basic unit for forming a skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house is provided. The basic unit is characterized by combining a flat slab portion of a reverse beam suitable as an equipment zone and a beam slab portion of a forward beam suitable as a living room zone. As a result, the skeleton and the infill are completely independent of each other, and it is possible to freely cope with the variety of the infill. Also, the skeleton itself can have various patterns in the division of both zones. As a result,
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can flexibly respond to a request for personalization of a house. In addition to such excellent adaptability, the present invention has also realized the following standardization and rationalization from various viewpoints in apartment buildings.

First, in terms of standardization, it is possible to standardize skeleton dimensions and standardize structural calculations based on the standardization of basic units. Standardization of skeleton dimensions leads to unification and standardization of dwelling units. Finish is also standardized. As for the equipment, for example, the dimensions of the sanitary core system are fixed, and other various equipment can be unified. In addition, in the construction, the construction material of fixed size,
The unification of details and settlement is realized, and the standardization of construction becomes possible.

Further, standardization of common parts and peripheral parts other than the dwelling units, optional parts, standardization of design documents, standardization of structural basic systems, seismic isolation systems, and structural design documents can be achieved. Standardization of electrical wiring method, dehumidification / radiation cooling / heating system, and design documents becomes possible.

Then, as a result of the standardization, standardization is achieved. First, the skeleton size is reduced in size (in both the plane and the cross section). In terms of facilities, adoption of ready-made members becomes easy. The skeleton structure, which has a wide opening, is excellent in natural ventilation, so that an extra ventilation device can be eliminated. In addition, since the equipment can be centralized, the piping system can be simplified. Furthermore, in the construction, it is possible to convert the formwork and select a reasonable material. Since the equipment piping does not penetrate the beam, workability is improved. In any process up to the completion of construction, shortening of the construction period and reduction of man-hours are realized.

In summary, the present invention realizes cost reduction by shortening the construction period, saving resources, and reducing man-hours and labor in multi-dwelling houses, and also achieves high quality and high performance by improving accuracy, durability and durability. I do. In addition, exchangeability of various members, construction stability, improvement of estimation accuracy can be achieved,
It also presents the possibility of a complete manual for dwelling unit planning, building components, the overall planning process, and supply management.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (A) shows two arrangement methods for connecting a flat slab to a beam, and FIG. 1 (B) is a schematic diagram illustrating a basic unit of a skeleton structure according to the present invention applied to a medium-to-low-rise standardized apartment house. FIG. 3C is a schematic view showing a three-dimensional space in which a basic unit is formed.

FIG. 2 is a sectional perspective view of the basic unit of FIG. 1 (B).

3 (A) is a plan view of a basic unit, FIG. 3 (B) shows zoning of the basic unit, FIG. 3 (C) shows an arrangement of infills with respect to a skeleton, and FIG. It is a figure which shows ceiling height (h) and (E) shows piping and equipment of the underfloor space of a reverse beam side.

FIG. 4 is a developed perspective view showing the expandability of the basic unit of FIG. 1 (B).

FIGS. 5A to 5E are diagrams each showing a modification of the basic unit of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the possibility of changing the dimensions of the frontage and the depth in one basic unit.

FIGS. 7A to 7E are diagrams showing examples of extension by connecting half units each composed of a beam slab portion to a boundary surface of a basic unit.

FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams showing examples of extension by connecting half units each composed of a beam slab portion to a boundary surface of a basic unit.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams showing examples in which half units of a special shape for connecting to an irregularly shaped site are connected. FIG.

FIGS. 10A and 10B are schematic perspective views showing examples of dividing a flat slab portion and a beam slab portion in a planar square basic unit.

FIGS. 11A to 11H are schematic perspective views showing examples of dividing a flat slab portion and a beam slab portion in a flat rectangular basic unit.

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a five-story apartment house constructed by stacking the basic units of the present invention in the vertical direction.

FIGS. 13A to 13E are cross-sectional views of various housing units constructed by connecting and stacking basic units of the present invention in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively.

FIGS. 14A to 14H are diagrams showing examples of planar arrangement of basic units in an actual apartment house.

FIG. 15A shows a basic attachment in which a stair or an elevator is added to the opening side of the basic unit,
(B)-(E) is a figure which shows the example of an apartment building structure using the staircase / elevator type basic attachment, respectively.

FIG. 16A shows a basic attachment in which a corridor is added to one of the opening side and the boundary side of the basic unit,
(B)-(E) is a figure which shows the example of an apartment building structure using a corridor type basic attachment, respectively.

17A shows a basic attachment in which a hole is added between the opening surfaces of two basic units, and FIGS.
(D) is a figure which shows the example of an apartment building building each using the hall type basic attachment.

FIGS. 18 (A) to (H) are diagrams showing an example of an apartment building configuration in which additional elements (eg, stairs) of each basic attachment are combined.

FIGS. 19A to 19E are diagrams showing an actual design example in which the basic unit of the present invention is applied to an apartment house having different housing areas and uses.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Basic unit 2 Opening surface lower edge 3 Boundary surface lower edge 10 Flat slab part 12 Flat slab 16 Underfloor space 17 Reverse beam side floor 18 Boundary wall or outer wall 19 Piping and equipment 20 Beam slab part 24, 25, 26 Beam 28 Forward beam side floor 30 Middle pillar 40 Infill 52 Stairs / Elevator 54 Corridor 56 Hall 112 Flat slab 114 Beam 116 Underfloor space

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Osaki 2-4-9 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Inside Sekisui Heim Special Inc., Tokyo (72) Inventor Yoshiya Shioda 21-Sakuraokacho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 12-B413 Inside Inter Design Associates Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-8-28072 (JP, A) JP-A-8-311997 (JP, A) JP-B-50-7363 (JP, B1) (58) ) Surveyed field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04H 1/04 E04B 1/348

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] 1. A skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house formed by connecting basic units, wherein the basic unit has a rectangular parallelepiped three-dimensional space having a pair of opposing opening surfaces and a pair of boundary surfaces as side surfaces. Formed, and has a flat slab portion and a beam slab portion capable of various divisions , and further, a wall provided on the boundary surface, a lower edge of the front opening surface,
A beam slab portion, and the flat slab portion and the beam slab.
A plurality of beams arranged at least at a boundary of the rub portion;
A plurality of standing uprights on the beam inside the basic unit
Having a center pillar, and a cross-sectional dimension of the center pillar and the beam
It is a standardized unit that unifies the cross-sectional dimensions, the flat slab portion has a reverse beam structure including a flat slab installed at the lower end position of the beam surrounding the flat slab portion, the beam slab portion, A skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house, comprising a part of the plurality of beams and having a forward beam structure. 2. The standardized set according to claim 1, wherein an underfloor space can be formed between the flat slab and a floor provided at an upper end of the beam in the flat slab portion. Skeleton structure of house. 3. The skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house according to claim 1, wherein the two basic units having the same structure are vertically connectable. 4. A top of the beam Rab part of the basic unit, the normalized Housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the half-units comprising only another BEAMS Love portion is connectable Skeleton structure. 5. The skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house according to claim 3 , wherein a part of the floor at the boundary between the two beam slabs connected vertically is removable. 6. The skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of middle pillars are erected at equal spans. 7. The skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of middle pillars are erected at equal distances from both boundary surfaces. 8. normalized according to claim 1, characterized in that it is connectable to the interface of another basic unit for one of the pair of boundary surfaces of the base unit Skeleton structure of apartment house. 9. normalized according to claim 1, characterized in that it is connectable to the opening surface of another basic unit for one of the pair of opening surfaces of the base unit Skeleton structure of apartment house. 10. For any of the pair of boundary surfaces of the base unit, according to claim 1, characterized in that it is linked to a half unit consisting of only the beam Love portion
A skeleton structure of the standardized apartment house according to any one of to 9 above. 11. A specially-shaped half unit in which one corner of the beam slab is cut off can be connected to any one of the pair of boundary surfaces of the basic unit . 11. The skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house according to any one of 10 . 12. The flat slab portion is I-shaped, L-shaped.
The skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , wherein the skeleton structure has a planar shape of either a letter shape or a T shape. 13. A basic attachment can be configured by connecting at least one selected from a group including a stair, an elevator, a corridor, and a hall to the boundary surface or the opening surface of the basic unit. The skeleton structure of a standardized apartment house according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that: