JP3216536U - Thermoacoustic engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A thermoacoustic engine having a low self-excited vibration oscillation temperature and a high conversion efficiency is provided.
SOLUTION: Stacks K200a and K200b in which a large number of thin tubes are provided in parallel along the axial direction, heaters K210a and K210b for heating one end of the stack in the pipe axial direction, and the other end of the stack Motors for self-excited thermoacoustic vibration having coolers K220a and K220b for releasing the heat of the outside and stack outer cylinders K201a and K201b for storing a stack sandwiched between one end to be heated and the other end to be radiated In a thermoacoustic engine equipped with K1 and forming a temperature gradient between both ends of the prime mover to amplify the acoustic power of the working fluid in the pipe, the prime stack of the prime mover is a high temperature of an inorganic thermosetting resin having a laminated structure Molded with heat-resistant resin.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

This invention relates to a thermoacoustic engine.

Conventionally, a thermoacoustic engine uses self-excited vibration of a fluid in a pipe. If a part with many narrow flow paths (hereinafter referred to as a stack) is installed in the pipe and the temperature difference between both ends of the stack exceeds the critical value, a self-excited vibration phenomenon may appear in the working fluid in the flow path. It is known and is called a thermoacoustic prime mover (a prime mover of a thermoacoustic engine).
The self-excited vibration of the working fluid in the prime mover is transmitted by sound waves in the pipe, and when another stack 2 is provided in the pipe, the sound waves vibrate the fluid in the stack 2 in the direction of the pipe axis and carry the heat in the stack 2 Used in thermoacoustic heat pumps.
Further, the self-excited vibration of the working fluid in the prime mover is transmitted by sound waves in the pipe, and when a linear generator is provided in the pipe, the piston is moved back and forth by fluctuations in sound pressure and used for power generation.

The thermoacoustic prime mover has a structure having a heater at one end of the stack and a cooler at the other end. If a temperature difference is provided at both ends of the stack, a temperature gradient can be generated inside the stack.
The greater the temperature difference and temperature gradient across the stack in the thermoacoustic prime mover, the greater the acoustic power of the working fluid.
If the temperature difference is the same, shortening the dimension of the stack in the pipe axis direction increases the temperature gradient, but increases the amount of heat conduction heat transferred through the stack outer cylinder into which the stack enters. The dimension of the stack in the pipe axis direction is about several centimeters when the working fluid is air at atmospheric pressure.

By reducing the heat transfer amount of the stack outer cylinder in the thermoacoustic prime mover, heat loss can be reduced and the acoustic power can be increased. As the method, it is conceivable to use a heat insulating material for the stack outer cylinder or the front and rear pipes (for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, it is conceivable that a narrow channel in the stack is made of a thin tube, and the thin tube is surrounded by a material having a low thermal conductivity equal to or lower than the thermal conductivity (10 W / m · K) (for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-3136 JP 2012-229892 A

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that a self-excited oscillation temperature of a general thermoacoustic prime mover is 400 ° C. or higher, and the higher the temperature, the greater the acoustic power. However, the waste heat temperature that is discarded in the world is very much less than 400 ° C.
Thermoacoustic prime mover using a heat source of 100-400 ° C generated from factory exhaust heat, exhaust gas from automobiles and diesel engines, exhaust heat from fuel cells, exhaust heat from semiconductors, high-temperature generators with sunlight collection, etc. In order to operate, the self-excited vibration oscillation temperature is lowered, the heat loss of the thermoacoustic prime mover is reduced, and high conversion efficiency from heat to sound is required. In addition, high conversion efficiency is required in heat exchange for heating a stack heat source such as exhaust gas in a heater.

In view of such a background, the present invention aims to realize a thermoacoustic engine having a low self-excited oscillation temperature and a high conversion efficiency as compared with a conventional thermoacoustic engine.

The thermoacoustic engine according to the first device for the purpose includes a stack in which a large number of thin tubes are provided in parallel along the axial direction, and a heater that heats one end of the stack in the pipe axial direction. A thermoacoustic self-excitation having a cooler that releases heat of the other end of the stack to the outside, and a stack outer cylinder that houses the stack sandwiched between the one end to be heated and the other end to be radiated In a thermoacoustic engine provided with a vibration motor and forming a temperature gradient between both ends of the motor to amplify the acoustic power of the working fluid in the pipe, the stack outer cylinder of the motor is an inorganic system having a laminated structure Molded with a thermosetting resin, a high temperature heat resistant resin.

As a result, the heat loss of the thermoacoustic prime mover can be reduced and the acoustic power can be increased by reducing the amount of heat transmitted through the stack outer cylinder with such a configuration.

The thermoacoustic engine according to the second aspect of the present invention is the thermoacoustic engine according to claim 1, wherein the stack outer cylinder of the prime mover is formed by arranging a heat-resistant resin stacking direction in a radial direction of the pipe. .

As a result, with such a configuration, the strength can be maintained even if compressive stress in the pipe axis direction acts on the stack outer cylinder.

The thermoacoustic engine according to the third aspect of the present invention is the thermoacoustic engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the prime mover has a compressive stress in a pipe axis direction on the stack outer cylinder into which the stack enters. In order to act, a load is applied from both sides of the stack outer cylinder.

As a result, with such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the stack of the stack outer cylinders from being peeled off due to tensile stress and causing cracks.

The thermoacoustic engine according to a fourth aspect of the present invention that meets the above-mentioned object is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the prime mover further includes a high-temperature heat-resistant resin and the heat-resistant resin is laminated in a piping direction. An intermediate connection part formed in the radial direction is provided, and the stack is arranged on the opposite side of the stack in the axial direction with respect to the heater.

As a result, such a configuration can reduce the amount of heat transfer from the heater to the intermediate connection component.

The thermoacoustic engine according to a fifth aspect of the present invention that meets the above-mentioned object is the thermoacoustic engine according to claim 4, wherein the prime mover is constituted by a single stage or a multistage in which a plurality of stages are axially connected, and the stack outer cylinder. And the intermediate connection component so that a compressive stress in the direction of the pipe axis acts on both sides and a load is applied from both sides.

As a result, such a structure can simplify the structure for applying the compressive stress.

The thermoacoustic engine according to a sixth aspect of the present invention that meets the above object is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the prime mover is disposed on both sides of the heater in the direction of the pipe axis. An airtight gasket is sandwiched between the outer cylinder and the intermediate connection part so that a predetermined pressure is obtained with a connection bolt. Further, both the stack outer cylinder and the intermediate connection part have a compressive stress in the direction of the pipe axis. It is a structure in which a load is applied across both sides so as to act.

As a result, when the pressure of the working fluid inside the pipe is increased to atmospheric pressure or higher with such a configuration, the high-temperature gasket has a large tightening surface pressure and an O-ring to increase the sealing ability to prevent gas leakage. Compared to the above, the tightening force is large, and the stress in the vertical direction of the heat-resistant resin is always small so that the compressive stress is always kept at a constant level. Can do.

The thermoacoustic engine according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the prime mover is made of resin between the cooler and a piping flange. Sandwiched between the connecting parts.

As a result, such a configuration can reduce the amount of heat transferred from the cooler to the pipe flange on the opposite side of the stack.

The thermoacoustic engine according to an eighth aspect of the present invention that meets the above-mentioned object is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the prime mover is a high-temperature heat-resistant resin having a laminated structure before and after the heater. A plate having a thermal conductivity of 10 W / mK or less and a heat resistance temperature equal to or higher than that of the heat-resistant resin having a laminated structure was placed between the stack outer cylinder and the intermediate connection part formed in step (b).

As a result, with such a configuration, even when the temperature of a heat source such as hot air exceeds the heat resistance temperature of the heat resistant resin, a temperature gradient can be created with the plate and the heat resistant resin can be used at a temperature lower than the heat resistant temperature.

The thermoacoustic engine according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the prime mover is a heater in which a heater is disposed in a pipe. By providing a ring that surrounds the circumferential direction of the ring, by providing a wire or protrusion on the ring, a gap is provided between the ring and the heater, or between the ring and the inner surface of the heater outer cylinder, or both the rings. It was.

As a result, with this configuration, even if the temperature of the part where the heater is in contact with the outer tube of the pipe is higher than the heat resistant temperature that does not cause alteration or deformation of the heat resistant resin, a temperature gradient is created by the gap facing the radial direction of the ring. In addition, the inner surface of the resin can be reduced to a heat resistant temperature or lower.

The thermoacoustic engine according to the tenth aspect of the present invention is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the prime mover is a heat-resistant resin of the stack outer cylinder or the intermediate connection part. The stacking direction is a structure in which a compressive load is applied by sandwiching the sheet from both sides using a resin formed in a direction in which sheets are stacked in a cylindrical shape in the radial direction of the pipe.

As a result, such a configuration can improve the rigidity of the prime mover as a whole.

The thermoacoustic engine according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the prime mover is a central part or piping of a heat exchanger in a heater pipe of the prime mover. An auxiliary heater was added from the center to the hot air outlet side.

As a result, even if the temperature difference between both ends of the stack of the prime mover is small and self-excited vibration of the working fluid does not occur with this configuration, the temperature on the stack heating side is slightly increased with the auxiliary heater. Excited vibration can be generated.

The thermoacoustic engine according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention is the thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the prime mover is 90 degrees from a sound wave transmission direction or a transmission direction to a pipe. A branch pipe having a tilted direction is provided, and a sound having a self-excited vibration frequency is caused to flow into the pipe from a speaker of the branch pipe.

As a result, even if the temperature difference between the two ends of the stack of the prime mover is so small that the self-excited vibration of the working fluid does not occur, the auxiliary speaker can cause the sound of the self-excited vibration frequency to flow through the pipe with the auxiliary speaker. Self-excited vibration can be generated.

The motor of a thermoacoustic engine having a stack outer cylinder molded from a high-temperature heat-resistant resin of inorganic thermosetting resin with a laminated structure of the present invention can reduce the self-excited vibration oscillation temperature, reducing the heat loss of the thermoacoustic motor. It is possible to reduce the size, and furthermore, high conversion efficiency from heat to sound can be realized, and the sound power can be increased.
Further, by improving the capacity of the thermoacoustic prime mover, in the single-loop thermoacoustic engine and the double-loop thermoacoustic engine, the cold heat generation capacity of the thermoacoustic refrigerator can be improved. Furthermore, in the thermoacoustic power generator, the power generation amount of the linear generator can be improved.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the motor | power_engine of the thermoacoustic engine which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram at the time of using the thermoacoustic engine as a single loop thermoacoustic refrigerator. It is a schematic diagram at the time of using the thermoacoustic engine as a double loop thermoacoustic refrigerator. It is a schematic diagram at the time of using the thermoacoustic engine as a thermoacoustic electric power generating apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the motor | power_engine of the thermoacoustic engine. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the motor | power_engine of the thermoacoustic engine.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings shown in FIGS.

As for a prime mover of a thermoacoustic engine (also referred to as a thermoacoustic engine prime mover or a prime mover), a schematic configuration of the prime mover 1 of the thermoacoustic engine as shown in FIG. 1 includes continuous pores arranged inside the stack outer cylinder k201a. A stack k200a, a heater k210a that heats one end of the stack k200a in the pipe axis direction, and a cooler k220a that releases heat from the other end of the stack k200a to the outside, and a temperature gradient between both ends of the stack k200a The working fluid is sealed inside the connected pipe, and when the temperature difference between both ends of the stack k200a is increased, the critical temperature difference is reached and the self-excited vibration is generated in the working fluid in the pipe. Generally, if the working fluid is the same and the pipe diameter is the same, the acoustic power tends to increase as the critical temperature difference at which self-excited vibration occurs is smaller.

  In FIG. 1, an intermediate connection part k230a is connected to a pipe flange k101a of a pipe k100a in which a working fluid is sealed, a heater k210a is connected to it, a stack outer cylinder k201a is connected to it, and a cooler k220a is connected to it. A resin connection part k240a is connected thereto, an intermediate connection part k230b is connected thereto, a heater k210b is connected thereto, a stack outer cylinder k201b is connected thereto, a cooler k220b is connected thereto, and a resin connection part k240b is attached thereto. Is shown, and a pipe flange k101b of the pipe k100b is connected thereto.

The multi-stage will be described below.
FIG. 1 shows a two-stage prime mover in which one unit of a heating, stacking and cooling prime mover is composed of two stages, but a single-stage or three-stage or more unit configuration is also possible. In the case of multiple stages, the intermediate connection parts for each unit do not need to be arranged linearly, and the unit is provided near the antinode portion of the amplitude at the primary resonance frequency that is substantially determined by the pipe length.
The passage of the working fluid such as the pipe k100a does not need to be circular, and may be a pipe having a nearly rectangular shape as long as sound waves pass through it.

The stack will be described below.
The stacks k200a and k200b provided inside the stack outer cylinders k201a and k201b have continuous pores, and form temperature gradients at both ends in the pipe axis direction of the stacks k200a and k200b to generate self-excited vibration of the working fluid. It has the function to work by the pressure fluctuation that is generated and transmitted in the piping. A large number of capillaries may be in a state in which pores are provided in parallel along the axial direction.
The stacks k200a and k200b include, for example, a ceramic honeycomb structure having pores in the longitudinal direction of the pipe shaft. This is manufactured by extrusion molding such as a dome of a balance, and a rectangular aggregate uses a honeycomb aggregate whose side is 1 mm or less and the wall surface of the pore is thinner. Other stack structures may be a structure in which a large number of thin stainless mesh plates are laminated at a fine pitch in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, or a structure in which non-woven metal fibers are packed to form pores.

The heater will be described below.
In the heater k210a of FIG. 1, the exhaust gas of the combustion engine enters from the hot air inlet k212, and passes through the hot air passage k213 and is discharged from the hot air outlet k214. The heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is conducted to the heat exchanger k211 in the heater tube through the inner surface of the heating unit tube inner surface k215 to heat the working fluid near the end surface of the stack k200a. The structure of the heat exchange k211 in the heater tube is made of metal to increase the amount of heat transfer, and has a large number of fins having a width of 1 mm or less and slits having a width of 1 mm or less, for example, in the pipe axis direction in order to increase the heat transfer area. A structure is conceivable, and the fin is connected to the inner surface of the tube of the heating portion tube inner surface k215. Further, instead of fins, a metal block having a large number of holes in the axial direction of the pipe is also conceivable.

The cooler will be described below.
In the cooler k220a of FIG. 1, a circulating liquid such as water enters from the circulating water inlet k222 and is discharged from the circulating water outlet k224 through the circulating water passage k223. The working fluid in the vicinity of the end face of the stack k200a cools the heat exchanger k221 in the cooler tube via the cooler tube inner surface k225 with the circulating liquid, thereby suppressing the temperature rise. As the structure of the heat exchanger k221 in the cooler tube, a slit-shaped passage is conceivable in the pipe axis direction as in the structure of the heat exchanger k211 in the heater tube.

The characteristics of the heat resistant resin will be described below.
The stack outer cylinder k201a is formed by cutting out a high-temperature heat-resistant resin of an inorganic thermosetting resin having a laminated structure. The structure of the heat resistant resin is a plate in which multiple layers of a sheet in which a thermosetting resin is dipped on a glass fiber reinforcing material are stacked and heated and pressurized to be cured. For example, a product name Rosna board (thermal conductivity 0.24 W / mK) manufactured by Nikko Kasei Co., Ltd. is conceivable, and the thermal conductivity of the Rosna board is difficult to transfer heat to stainless steel 304 by 60 times or more.
The stack outer cylinder k201a is connected to the heater k210a and the cooler k220a,
By using a heat-resistant resin having a laminated structure as the material of the stack outer cylinder k201a, the amount of heat conducted through the stack outer cylinder k201a from the heater k210a to the cooler k220a can be greatly reduced.
The shape of the stack outer cylinder k201a is preferably connected to the heater k210a and the cooler k220a with a flange, and the middle part of the outer cylinder slim part k202 is preferably thin (thin wall thickness) within a range that can ensure a safe safety value. .

The structure for generating compressive stress in the heat resistant resin will be described below.
The stacking direction of the heat-resistant resin of the stack outer cylinder k201a is desirably arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pipe. Thereby, the flange portion of the stack outer cylinder k201a is joined by the heater mounting bolt k513 and the cooler mounting bolt k514, and a compressive load can act on the resin lamination in the vertical direction.
The heat-resistant resin with a laminated structure cracks in the laminated part when a tensile load is applied, especially at high temperatures.Therefore, the compression stress acting bolt k500 has a connection structure in which a compressive load always acts on the outer cylinder slim part k202. To do.

Since the load due to thermal expansion, bending and twisting due to its own weight, and the unbalanced load due to the connection method act on the prime mover k1, the compression stress acting bolt k500 increases the rigidity of the prime mover k1. The compressive stress due to the compressive stress acting bolt k500 and the optimum value of the compressive stress at the heater mounting bolt k513 or the like usually do not coincide.

The intermediate connection parts will be described below.
The high-temperature heat from the heater k210a is transmitted through the intermediate connection component k230a to the pipe flange k101a, resulting in heat loss. By using a heat-resistant resin with a laminated structure for the material of the intermediate connection part k230a, the slim part k231 in the middle part between the flanges is made thin (thin wall thickness) within a range that can secure a safe value of strength. Heat loss can be reduced, and the heat-resistant resin is laminated in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the piping, and the compression stress acting bolt k500 is in a direction to closely contact the laminated resin of the slim part k231 Use a connection structure in which a compressive load is always applied.

The compressive stress acting bolt in multi-stage will be described below.
In the case where the prime mover unit is multistaged, in FIG. 1, heat is transferred from the high-temperature heater k201b to the cooler k220a through the intermediate connection component k230b, resulting in heat loss.
By using a heat-resistant resin with a laminated structure for the material of the intermediate connection component k230b,
Heat loss can be reduced by making the slim part k232 in the middle part between the flanges thin (thin wall thickness) within a range that can secure a safe value of strength, and the heat-resistant resin is laminated in the longitudinal direction of the pipe The connecting structure is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the compression stress acting bolt k500 so that a compressive load is always applied to the slim portion k232.

The resin connection component will be described below.
The amount of heat flowing from the cooler k220b to the pipe flange k101b can be reduced by sandwiching the resin connection part k240b between the cooler k220b and the pipe flange k101b. As the material of the resin connection component k240b, since it is close to normal temperature, a general-purpose resin such as polycarbonate resin is used. It is conceivable that the resin is connected at the same time as the connection bolt k516 and the compression stress of the compression connection bolt k510 is applied to improve the rigidity of the prime mover k1.

A single loop thermoacoustic engine will be described below.
As shown in Fig. 2, the k3 single-loop thermoacoustic engine is an annular loop pipe filled with working fluid. The motor k1 and the cooler k2 are connected to the pipe of the loop pipe by a pipe and a pipe elbow. Has been. The prime mover k1 is a single-stage prime mover in which one unit of the prime mover k210c, the stack k200c, and the cooler k220c is composed of one stage. The structure and material of the stack k200c having continuous pores are shown in FIG. Is equivalent to the stack k200a.
The material of the stack outer cylinder k201c and the intermediate connection part k230c uses a heat-resistant resin with a laminated structure,
The heat-resistant resin is laminated in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the piping, and compressive stress acting bolts k501 always apply compressive loads to the slim parts of the stack outer cylinder k201c and the intermediate connection part k230c. Such a connection structure.

The loop piping and the cooler will be described below.
When a temperature difference greater than the critical temperature difference at which self-excited vibration occurs in the working fluid is provided at both ends of the stack k200c of the prime mover k1, a traveling wave is generated in the direction of the arrow of the sound wave flow k801 in the pipe k103a. The pipe elbow k102a, pipe 103b, pipe elbow k102b, and pipe 103c pass through the inside of the pipe and are transmitted to the cooler k2.
The cooler k2 includes a stack k300, a cooler k320, and a freezer k340. The stack k300 is in the stack outer cylinder k301, and the freezer k340 is connected to the piping flange k101f via the freezer connecting component k341.

The structure and material of the stack k300 having continuous pores are the same as or smaller than those of k200a in FIG. In the stack k300, the internal working fluid vibrates with sound energy and plays the role of a heat pump that carries heat from the downstream to the upstream, and the circulating water flows through the cooler k320 at the upstream end face of the stack k300, etc. When the internal heat exchange fins and the like are set to a substantially constant temperature T1, the downstream end face of the stack k300 is cooled to a temperature equal to or lower than T1.
The structure of the refrigerating machine k340 is similar to that of the cooling machine k320, and has heat exchange fins or the like inside the pipe to circulate heat absorption at the downstream end face of the stack k300 and circulate antifreeze liquid to the refrigerating machine k340 or air. By flowing, it can be taken out as cold heat. As the circulating fluid of the refrigerator k340, water can be used as long as it is 0 ° C. or higher.

In order to reduce heat loss due to heat conduction from the cooler k320 to the pipe 103c, it is conceivable to sandwich a donal resin connection part k240d between the cooler k320 and the pipe flange k101e. Polycarbonate resin can be used. Also in the stack outer cylinder k301 and the refrigerator side connecting component k341, the heat loss due to heat conduction to the metal can be greatly reduced by using, for example, polycarbonate resin as the resin material.
In the cooler k2, as a measure to reduce the tensile strength due to low temperature brittleness of the resin, in addition to the connection bolts k521, k522, k523 of each component, the stack outer cylinder k301 and the refrigerator side connection component k341 with the compression stress acting bolt k502 It is conceivable to apply a compressive stress to the resin parts, and the rigidity of the cooler K2 is also improved.
The flow of sound waves in the pipe downstream of the cooler k2 is the flow direction indicated by the sound wave flow k802, and the acoustic energy changes to work in the cooler k2, and the sound power decreases from the upstream to the downstream, resulting in weak sound. And return to the prime mover k1.

The double loop thermoacoustic engine will be described below.
FIG. 3 shows a double loop thermoacoustic engine k4. The prime mover loop k1a and the cooling loop k2a are connected by a resonance tube k104a. The self-excited vibration of the working fluid generated by the prime mover k1 is transmitted inside the pipe of the resonance tube k104a, and in the stack k370 of the cooler k2, the internal operation is performed by sound energy, similar to the cooler k2 of FIG. When the fluid vibrates and plays the role of a heat pump that conveys heat from the downstream to the upstream, the cooler k360 is provided on the upstream side of the sound wave flow, and the refrigerator k350 is provided on the downstream side, whereby the cold heat can be extracted from the refrigerator k350.
In the prime mover k1, one unit of heating, stacking, and cooling prime movers can be a multistage unit.

A power generation apparatus for a thermoacoustic engine will be described below.
FIG. 4 shows a thermoacoustic power generator k5. In contrast to FIG. 3, if a linear generator k90 is provided instead of the cooling loop at the end of the resonance tube k104b, power can be generated. When the working fluid in the piping self-excites and sound is transmitted through the resonance tube k104b, power generation can be performed by reciprocating vibration motion of the cylinder piston k91 of the yoke due to a change in sound pressure.

The gasket will be described below.
The coolers k640 and k740 of the prime mover k1 in FIG. 5 are examples in which an O-ring is used as a sealing material to prevent the working fluid inside the pipe from leaking to the outside because the temperature is usually 80 ° C. or lower. The heater k630 or the heater outer cylinder k700 is an example in which gaskets 601k, 602k, 603k, and 600k made of expanded graphite or metal are used instead, because the O-ring cannot be used as a sealing material because of high temperatures.
The gaskets on both sides of the heater k630 (ring shape with mounting bolt holes) are used at high temperatures, so the mounting surface pressure must be very high. Appropriate compressive stress is sufficient for the fuselage slim part of the stack outer cylinder k632 made of laminated heat-resistant resin with flange. By using the compression stress acting bolt k503, torsion and bending stress act on the motor k1. However, moderate compressive stress acts to prevent breakage.

The following explains how to sandwich the plate between the heater and the heat-resistant resin.
A plate k621 is sandwiched between a stack outer cylinder k632 molded with a high-temperature heat-resistant resin having a laminated structure and a heater k630, or a plate k621 between an intermediate connection part k631 molded with a high-temperature heat-resistant resin having a laminated structure and a heater k630. As the material of the plate, for example, a material such as ceramic having a thermal conductivity of 10 W / mK or less and a heat resistant temperature equal to or higher than that of a heat resistant resin having a laminated structure can be used.

A heater-type heater will be described below.
In the heater type heater k710 of FIG. 5, a heater k701 is arranged to electrically heat the end face of the stack k200f. The structure of the heater k701 is a sheath heater in which a nichrome wire or the like is placed in a stainless steel tube and protected, and is wound spirally like a coil spring around the end surface of the stack k200f, and the spiral sheath heater has a plurality of radii concentrically. However, it is conceivable to use a spiral made of different spirals, or a sheath heater covered with stainless steel metal fibers. The heater k701 is not limited to a sheath heater, and may be any heater that can heat the vicinity of the heating side end face of the stack k200f by electricity.

A structure in which a ring and a gap are provided on the outer periphery of the heater will be described below.
When the heating temperature of the heater type heater k710 is higher than the heat resistance temperature of the stack outer cylinder k201f or intermediate connection component k230f made of high-temperature heat-resistant resin with a laminated structure, stainless steel or ceramic surrounding the circumferential direction of the heater k701, etc. The ring k702 is provided and a hole is made in the side surface of the cylindrical ring-shaped ring k702 to pass the wire, or a protrusion is provided on the side surface of the cylindrical ring-shaped ring k702, so that the ring k702 and the heater k701 are Or the structure which provides a space | gap between both surfaces of the side surface of the ring k702 between the ring k702 and the inner surface of the heater outer cylinder k700 can be considered.

A structure in which a heater is supplementarily added to the heat exchanging portion of the heater will be described below.
As shown in FIG. 6, a heater k810 having a shape in which a sheath heater is spirally wound in a heater tube heat exchange k211 having a shape such as having a plurality of fins for heating the working fluid on the end surface of the stack k200a in the prime mover k1. Can be attached to the hot air outlet k214 side from the center of the heat exchanger k211 in the heater tube or the center of the pipe.

  With such a configuration, even when the temperature difference between the two ends of the stack k200a of the prime mover is small and the self-excited vibration of the working fluid does not occur, the temperature on the heating side of the stack k200a is slightly increased with the auxiliary heater k810. Self-excited vibration can be generated. Further, by changing the heating amount of the heater k810 to increase / decrease the acoustic power, for example, the freezing temperature and the amount of cold heat in the refrigerator k350 of FIG. 3 can be controlled.

The following describes the flow of a self-excited vibration frequency sound from a pipe branch pipe speaker.
As shown in the prime mover k1 in FIG. 6, a branch pipe k802 is attached to the upstream side of the sound wave flow of the prime mover k1, such as a pipe elbow k801. The angle at which the branch pipe k802 is attached to the pipe is preferably a transmission direction of sound waves or a direction inclined within 90 degrees from the transmission direction.
The speaker k803 is attached to the branch pipe k802, and the sound of the self-excited vibration frequency is passed through the pipe, so that the temperature difference between both ends of the stack k200a of the prime mover is small and the self-excited vibration of the working fluid does not occur. The self-excited vibration can be generated by flowing a sound in the vicinity of the frequency of the self-excited vibration (± 20 Hz) through the pipe with the speaker k803 for use. Further, by increasing or decreasing the volume from the speaker k803, for example, it is possible to control the freezing temperature and the amount of cold heat in the refrigerator k350 of FIG.
The attachment position of the branch pipe k802 may be attached to the resonance pipes k104a and k104b in FIGS.
As the working fluid, a gas having no flammability such as air, nitrogen, helium, argon, water vapor, or a mixed gas thereof is often used, and used under normal pressure or increased pressure. Moreover, you may put liquids, such as water, in the middle of piping.

  The present invention is applied to thermoacoustic engines that generate cold using waste heat, etc. in factory exhaust heat, automobiles, diesel engines, fuel cells, semiconductors, solar power generation, solar light collection, etc. Can do.

k1: prime mover, k2: cooler, k3: single loop thermoacoustic engine, k4: double loop thermoacoustic engine prime mover, k5: thermoacoustic generator

Claims (12)

A stack in which a plurality of thin tubes are provided with parallel pores along the axial direction, a heater that heats one end of the stack in the pipe axial direction, and cooling that discharges heat from the other end of the stack to the outside And a thermoacoustic self-excited vibration motor having a stack outer cylinder for housing the stack sandwiched between the one end to be heated and the other end to be radiated, and a temperature gradient between both ends of the motor In a thermoacoustic engine for amplifying the acoustic power of the working fluid in the piping by forming
The thermoacoustic engine, wherein the stack outer cylinder of the prime mover is formed of a high-temperature heat-resistant resin of an inorganic thermosetting resin having a laminated structure.   2. The thermoacoustic engine according to claim 1, wherein the stack outer cylinder of the prime mover is formed by arranging a heat-resistant resin stacking direction in a radial direction of a pipe.   The thermoacoustic engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the prime mover is loaded from both sides sandwiching the stack outer cylinder so that compressive stress in a pipe axis direction acts on the stack outer cylinder in which the stack enters. A thermoacoustic engine characterized by having a structure that acts on the surface.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the prime mover further includes an intermediate connection part formed of a high-temperature heat-resistant resin and a heat-resistant resin laminated in a radial direction of the pipe. On the other hand, the thermoacoustic engine is arranged on the opposite side of the stack in the axial direction.   5. The thermoacoustic engine according to claim 4, wherein the prime mover is configured in a single stage or multiple stages in which a plurality of stages are connected in the axial direction, and compressive stress in a pipe axial direction is applied to both the stack outer cylinder and the intermediate connection part. A thermoacoustic engine having a structure in which a load is applied by being sandwiched from both sides so as to act.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the prime mover is an airtight gasket between the stack outer cylinder and the intermediate connecting component on both sides of the heater in the pipe axis direction. It is attached so that it becomes a predetermined pressure with a connecting bolt, and a load is applied from both sides so that compressive stress in the pipe axis direction acts on both the stack outer cylinder and the intermediate connecting part. A thermoacoustic engine characterized by being.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the prime mover sandwiches a resin-made connecting component between the cooler and a piping flange.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the prime mover is between a heater and a stack outer cylinder or an intermediate connection part formed of a high-temperature heat-resistant resin having a laminated structure before and after the heater. A thermoacoustic engine comprising a plate having a thermal conductivity of 10 W / mK or less and a heat resistant temperature equal to or higher than that of a heat resistant resin having a laminated structure.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the prime mover is a heater in which a heater is arranged inside a pipe, and a ring surrounding the circumferential direction of the heater is provided, and a wire or A thermoacoustic engine characterized in that a gap is provided between the ring and the heater, between the ring and the inner surface of the heater outer cylinder, or both of the rings by providing the protrusions.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the prime mover is configured such that the stacking direction of the heat-resistant resin of the stack outer cylinder or the intermediate connection component is a cylindrical stack of sheets in the radial direction of the pipe. A thermoacoustic engine having a structure in which a compressive load is applied by sandwiching resin from both sides using a resin molded in a different direction.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the prime mover has an auxiliary heater added to a hot air outlet side from a central portion or a pipe center of a heat exchange in a heater pipe of the prime mover. A thermoacoustic engine.   The thermoacoustic engine according to any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the prime mover is provided with a branch pipe having a direction of transmission of sound waves or a direction inclined within 90 degrees from the transmission direction in the pipe. A thermoacoustic engine characterized in that a sound having a self-excited vibration frequency flows from a speaker into a pipe.