JP3208499B2 - Ophthalmoscopic examination adapter for surgical microscope - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fundus or a lens region of an eye.
The present invention relates to an ophthalmoscopic examination adapter for a surgical microscope for observing an area .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to make it possible to observe the fundus of the human eye or the lens area near the fundus with a microscope, first, an intermediate image of a part of the eye to be observed is formed by an ophthalmoscopic lens, and the image is formed. Observe with an operating microscope. The image thus observed is upside down, left and right, and is a pseudo three-dimensional image. That is, the front and rear are reversed in depth perception. However, in order to enable microsurgical work, an image that is aligned and has a correct stereoscopic feeling is required. Therefore, in the surgical microscope, two observation optical paths must be exchanged (pupil exchange) in order to avoid a pseudo three-dimensional effect that occurs during stereoscopic observation, at the same time as required image alignment.

This image alignment and pupil exchange can be performed by a prism system additionally arranged between the binocular barrel of the operating microscope and the magnification switching device. Such a prism system is described, for example, in German Offenlegungsschrift 3
No. 507458. This additional component increases the working distance between the patient's eye and the observer's pupil. However, from the viewpoint of ergonomics and medical practice, it is not desirable that the operating distance be increased as described above. Moreover, such a prism system is particularly burdensome if a second person is to observe using another binocular torso. It is for joint observation
This would be because a corresponding second similar prism system would be required.

Another solution is German Offenlegungsschrift 353.
No. 9009 and German Utility Model Publication No. 892035.9.
No. has been proposed. In this case, an ophthalmoscopic lens and a device for reversing an intermediate image to be formed are mounted in an adapter mounted on the operating microscope. The corresponding prism system is then located immediately before the main objective of the operating microscope. Focusing on the part of interest of the eye is performed with the respective operating microscope. The microscope has a two-part main objective lens, one of which is slidable relative to the other. Therefore, each time the adapter is attached or detached, the setting of the surgical microscope must be changed, and such operation is very troublesome during the operation. Another disadvantage of the arrangement in which the reversing prism system is arranged immediately before the main objective is that at this point the diverging light paths, which are still partially overlapping, are spatially completely separated by two separate reversing prism systems. You. At that time, some of those two optical paths are faded out. That is, an image error (vignetting) is caused on the surgical microscope. Furthermore, in such an arrangement, the main objective of the operating microscope used is formed of two parts, which increases the overall length of the device, which requires the surgeon's working area to be as large as possible. This is inconsistent with the requirement.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to perform image alignment of an intermediate image formed by an ophthalmoscopic examination lens, replace an observation optical path, and eliminate the need to deform an operating microscope. An object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmoscopic examination adapter for a surgical microscope that enables not only a surgical microscope to be used as usual but also a selective use as an ophthalmoscope. Thus, the ophthalmoscopic examination adapter must be capable of observing an intermediate image with an operating microscope without image errors. Furthermore, the co-observer must be able to perform stereoscopic observation using this adapter, in which case only one additional binocular torso is required.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The above-mentioned problem is solved by the following means.
Resolved by steps . Among the ophthalmoscopic inspection adapters according to the present invention, there is an optical system for performing a desired image alignment of an intermediate image formed on the first intermediate image plane by the ophthalmoscopic inspection lens or the ophthalmoscopic inspection objective. Further, this optical system also exchanges the observation optical path (pupil exchange). Image alignment and pupil exchange are performed immediately after the first intermediate image plane,
Although the stereoscopic optical path is still progressing without complete separation,
It takes place where they are not involved. Therefore, the right and left images can be observed three-dimensionally and accurately with a conventional surgical microscope, and there is no need to further modify the surgical microscope. Furthermore, there is a focusing lens in the adapter between each optical system and the end of the adapter on the objective lens side. The focusing lens is slidable along the optical axis. The lens focuses on the part of interest of the eye. Thus, with the adapter according to the invention, focusing can be performed without having to make any changes in the original operating microscope. for that reason,
When using, observation method using a surgical microscope,
It is possible to quickly switch between an observation method using an operating microscope equipped with an ophthalmoscopic examination adapter, and it is not necessary to perform time-consuming refocusing on the operating microscope every time the observation method is changed. Providing the adapter according to the invention with a suitable swivel device allows a quick switching of the observation method. Also, when the adapter according to the present invention is mounted, the working distance between the patient's eye and the observer's pupil is constant. Thus, the adapter can be used in a variety of conventional surgical microscopes. Therefore, when another person performs joint observation, only one similar adapter needs to be used. In that case, the co-observer views via an additional binocular torso and a common main objective. Image alignment and pupil exchange are performed by an optical structure composed of two field lenses and a triplet, or a direct-view reversing prism correspondingly arranged in an adapter according to the invention.

[0007]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Two embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows an operating microscope 13 whose main objective lens 5
Before a and 5b, the ophthalmoscopic examination adapter 1 according to the present invention
Is arranged. An optical system 14 for image alignment and pupil exchange is mounted inside the adapter. The ophthalmoscopic inspection adapter 1 has, on the side facing the eye 2, an ophthalmoscopic inspection lens 8 for forming a vertically and horizontally inverted image of the fundus 3 to be observed on the first intermediate image plane ZE1.
This image is aligned via a subsequent optical system 14, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, through a lens structure, and is imaged on the second intermediate image plane ZE2 with the top, bottom, left and right reversed. The image on the intermediate image plane ZE2 is observed by the original operating microscope 13. The surgical microscope 13 has a conventional configuration. That is, behind the common main objective lenses 5a and 5b, magnification switching devices 6a and 6b, lens barrel lenses 16a and 16b corresponding to two separate optical paths, and inversion prisms 7a and 7 are provided.
b is arranged. The binocular barrels 4a and 4b enable stereoscopic observation. The use of one common main objective lens 5a, 5b for the two viewing paths is not unique to the present invention. It would also be possible to provide a separate objective for each of the two viewing paths.

Further, the lens 15 shown in FIG.
4 and slidably disposed along the optical axis between the adapter 1 and the end of the adapter 1 on the objective lens side. The use of this lens 15 makes it possible to focus the original operating microscope 13 on the interesting part of the eye 2 without having to deform it in any way. Thus, with the use of suitable swiveling means (not shown in FIG. 1), the operating microscope can be used not only in the conventional manner but also in the case of eye surgery.

FIG. 2 shows an ophthalmoscopic examination adapter 1 according to the present invention, including an optical system for image alignment and pupil replacement. In this embodiment, the optical system is configured as an optical structure having a plurality of lenses 9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b. The ophthalmoscopic lens 8 located on the side of the adapter 1 facing the patient's eye forms an inverted image of the part of the eye being observed on the intermediate image plane ZE1.
This image consists of the following five lenses 9a, 10, 11, 1
The images are aligned on the intermediate image plane ZE2 in the actual size in a state where the alignment has been performed through 2 and 9b and the right and left sides have been restored. Substantial imaging consists of two lenses L3 having positive refractive power :
10, L1: 12 and a triplet composed of lenses L2: 11 having a negative refractive power , arranged between the lenses. The remaining two lenses A1: 9a; A2: 9b function as field lenses.
A lens 15 that is slidable along the optical axis provides focusing within the adapter 1 to a portion of interest of the eye. The image formed on the intermediate image plane ZE2 is observed by the operating microscope 13. Instead of arranging the individual elements of the optical structure one after the other so that the optical structure can be mounted in the corresponding adapter without extending the entire length of the adapter, the imaging optical path is turned. It is possible to arrange the elements inside the adapter in such a state.

The triplet L1: f ₁ ; L2: f ₂ ; L
3: a f _3, 2 two field lenses A1: 9a; A2: 9b
436 nm, 480 nm, 546 nm
And a lens system in which the color error is corrected for wavelengths in the visible spectral range of 644 nm, the feasible focal length ratio when the focal length of the main objective lens is 200 mm is f ₃ : f ₁ = [0.9 ... 2.0] −f ₂ : f ₁ = [0.4... 0.6].

[0011] Within this range, an acceptable length of the ophthalmoscopic examination adapter is obtained which gives the largest possible field of view under the operating microscope. In addition, a correspondingly high image quality of the optical structure is ensured.

Tables 1 to 3 show examples together with accompanying numerical values. Even if individual parameters of these numerical values are changed, an imaging effect comparable to that can be obtained.

[0013]

[Table 1]

[0014]

[Table 2]

[0015]

[Table 3]

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the optical structure of FIG.
Incidentally, in response to the code used in the numerical example of Table 1 to Table 3, r _i is the lens radius, d _i is the lens thickness, d _i represents the distance between lenses, respectively.

FIG. 4 shows, as a second embodiment, an adapter 1 according to the present invention including an optical system for image alignment and pupil exchange configured in the form of a direct-view reversing prism system 17. The intermediate image of the fundus or the lens area of the eye near the fundus formed by the ophthalmoscope lens 8 is
Aligned directly behind the first intermediate image plane ZE1 via a direct-view Schmidt-Pechhan prism 17 with a roof-shaped edge, the observation light path is exchanged. Inverting prism 17
Is placed in this location where the stereoscopic viewing optical path is not yet involved, the inverting prism 17, ie the adapter 1 according to the invention, is made very compact, since the total optical path only has the narrowest spread at this location. You can do it. Furthermore, in the adapter 1 according to the present invention,
The focusing lens 15 is arranged between the reversing prism 17 and the end of the adapter on the objective lens side. This focusing lens 1
5 is slidable along the optical axis and is used for focusing on the interested part of the eye.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a surgical microscope including an ophthalmoscopic examination adapter according to the invention in which the optical system for image alignment and pupil exchange is configured as a lens structure.

2 shows the ophthalmoscopic examination adapter according to the invention of FIG. 1 with a corresponding lens structure.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lens structure of FIG. 2 with accompanying lens radius, lens thickness, and lens spacing.

FIG. 4 shows an ophthalmoscopic examination adapter according to the present invention including a direct-view reversing prism for image alignment and pupil replacement.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ophthalmoscope inspection adapter 4a, 4b Binocular torso 5a, 5b Main objective lens 8 Ophthalmic lens 9a, 9b, 10, 11, 12 lens 13 Surgical microscope 14 Optical system 15 Lens 17 Direct-view reversing lens

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Jürgen Riegel 7082 Oberkochen Jirchavek 12 (56) References JP-A-2-230210 (JP, A) JP-A 2-160209 (JP) JP-A-61-269108 (JP, A) JP-A-57-84038 (JP, A) JP-A-54-62691 (JP, A) JP-A-55-110532 (JP, A) 1-320051 (JP, A) German Patent Application Publication No. 3539009 (DE, A1) US Patent 4,786,161 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 3 / 00-3 / 16 G02B 21/00-21/36 EPAT (QUESTEL) WPI / L (QUESTEL)

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An operation for observing a fundus or a crystalline lens region of an eye.
An ophthalmoscope adapter for a microscope
Is spatially separated from the main objective lens behind this main objective lens.
At least one pair of stereoscopic observation optical paths separated from each other;
The light that extends from the eye face end to the microscope-side lens end
An axis and said area of the eye, located proximate said eye face end
To the intermediate image plane.
At least one ophthalmoscopic lens for forming
And wherein the stereoscopic observation optical path is not yet spatially separated.
The intermediate image is located immediately after the intermediate image plane and
Optical means for inverting and returning to a normal image, along the optical axis, between the optical means and the lens end
Moveably positioned to adjust the focus of the observed eye area
An ophthalmoscopic examination adapter comprising: 2. An operation for observing a fundus or a lens area of an eye.
An ophthalmoscope adapter for a microscope
Is spatially separated from the main objective lens behind this main objective lens.
At least one pair of stereoscopic observation optical paths separated from each other;
The light that extends from the eye face end to the microscope-side lens end
An axis and said area of the eye, located proximate said eye face end
With respect to the first intermediate image plane.
At least one ophthalmoscopic examination laser to generate on the surface
Lens and the 3D observation optical path not yet spatially separated.
1 is located immediately after the intermediate image plane, and the intermediate image is
Flip to the right and move the image with this upside down
Optics to project onto a second image plane viewed by the microscope
Means , along the optical axis, between the optical means and the lens end.
Moveably positioned to adjust the focus of the observed eye area
An ophthalmoscopic examination adapter comprising: 3. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical means is a direct-view inversion prism system.
Claim 1 or claim characterized that you have Temu
Item 2. The adapter according to Item 2. 4. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein said optical means has two positive refractive powers.
Including one lens with negative refractive power sandwiched between
Or a triplet.
The adapter according to claim 2. 5. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said optical means has a plurality of reflecting surfaces.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a visual reversal effect is achieved.
Item 2. The adapter according to Item 2.