FR2677461A1 - OPHTHALMOSCOPIC ADAPTER FOR OPERATION MICROSCOPE AND MICROSCOPE COMPRISING SUCH AN ADAPTER. - Google Patents

Abstract

This adapter is intended for an operating microscope comprising a main objective and one or more stereoscopic observation tubes. It contains an optical system (14) straightening an intermediate image by an ophthalmoscopy lens (8). This system is placed directly behind the intermediate image (ZE1) produced at a location where the stereoscopic observation beams are still intersected. It also produces the inversion of these beams. The optical system (14) is designed as a triplet with three field lenses or as a direct vision rectifier prism. Focusing on the segment of interest of the eye is carried out by a lens (15) movable between the system (14) and the objective side end of the microscope (13) of the adapter (1). Applicable to the examination of the fundus of the eye and neighboring regions of the vitreous body.

Description

The invention relates to an ophthalmoscopic adapter for a microscope

  of operation comprising a main objective and one or more stereoscopic observation tubes. In order to be able to observe under the microscope the fundus of the eye or regions close to it of the vitreous body of a

  human eye, we produce, using an oph-

  talmoscope, an intermediate image of the

  surrounded by the eye, which is observed by an operating microscope The image thus observed is vertically and

  laterally upside down and perceived in more

  copy, that is to say in stereoscopic vision upside down, with reversal of the front and the back Or, the work in microsurgery requires a stereoscopically correct image and at the same time that is carried out

  the necessary adjustment of the image, the two

  The observation cells must therefore be inverted into the operating microscope (pupillary inversion) in order to avoid the pseudoscopic effect appearing otherwise

stereoscopic observation.

  The image straightening and the pupillary inversion can be performed by a prism system additionally placed between the binocular tubes and the magnification changer of the operating microscope. Such a prism system is described for example in the DE-OS document. This additional component, however, increases the working distance between the patient's eye and the observer's pupil. Such a change in the working distance is undesirable for ergonomic reasons and for medical practice. prism represents a solution

  costly, especially when a co-observer has to

  to work on a second binocular tube This one

  would be a similar second prism system.

  Another possible solution is proposed in DE-OS 35 39 009 as well as in the German utility model G 89 02 035 9. According to these documents, the ophthalmoscope lens and a system for returning the intermediate image produced are housed

  in an adapter coordinated with the operating microscope.

  An adequate prism system is placed in this case

  directly in front of the main objective of the microscope.

  Focusing on the segment of interest of the eye is performed on the actual operating microscope, which has a main objective in two parts, one of the lens groups is movable in translation relative to the other The establishment and

  removal of this adapter therefore require

  each time, changes of setting on the

  microscope, which is very inconvenient during an opera-

  Another disadvantage of disposing of a turning system directly in front of the main objective is that the diverging beams that still partially overlap at this point are completely separated in space by two separate turning systems. two beams are then removed, resulting in vision defects (vignetting) in the microscope Yet another disadvantage of such an arrangement is that the two-part main objective of the -5 operating microscope employed results in a greater overall length of the entire system, which goes against the demand for a field of work as large as possible

for the surgeon.

  The invention therefore aims to create a

  O opthalmoscopic adapter for an operating microscope

  which ensures a recovery of the intermediate image

  diary produced by an ophthalmoscopic lens, interverts the observation beams and allows the use of the operating microscope, either in the conventional manner or as an opthalmoscope, without having to make any changes to the microscope The ophthalmoscopic adapter must ensure a microscope-free observation of microscope image defects Moreover, this adapter must allow simultaneous stereoscopic observation by a collaborator, which must only require a

binocular tube in addition.

  According to the invention, this result is obtained by an ophthalmoscopic adapter which is characterized in that one or more ophthalmoscopic lenses are provided in the adapter for the reproduction of the fundus of the eye or regions of the vitreous body of the eye. the eye, an optical system for image correcting and the inversion of the viewing beams is placed behind the ophthalmoscopic lens or ophthalmoscopic lenses and a lens movable in translation along the optical axis, serving focusing on the interest part of the eye, is provided between the optical system and the objective side end of

the ophthalmoscope adapter.

  The adapter according to the invention contains an optical system which provides the desired straightening of

  the intermediate image produced by an oph-

  talmoscopy or an ophthalmoscopic lens in a first mid-plane image The optical system

  additionally causes the inversion of the observation beams

  vation (pupillary inversion) Image recovery and pupillary reversal are performed here

  immediately after the first intermediate image plane

  where the stereoscopic observation beams are not yet completely separated, but are still intertwined. The right and laterally exact image,

  can then be observed in the operating microscope

  classic view, with accurate stereoscopic vision, without additional interventions on this microscope are needed The adapter also contains a focus lens between the system

  aforementioned optical system and the end of the lens

  This focus lens is movable in translation along the optical axis. It allows focusing on the segment of interest of the eye. Thus, the focus is on the adapter according to the invention. no change is necessary on the microscope itself.

  rapidly change the mode of observation, by

  cope alone or through the microscope with the adapter, without it being necessary to perform refocalisations on the

  microscope, taking a lot of time, with each change

  observation mode This rapid change in the observation mode can be achieved with the help of a

  suitable pivoting for the adapter according to the invention.

  The working distance between the subject's eye and the observer's pupil thus remains constant

  0 when placing or removing the adapter

  According to the invention, the latter is thus usable

  flexibly in combination with any operating microscope

  conventional ration One can therefore be satisfied with a single adapter in case of simultaneous observation by

  other collaborators Such simultaneous observation

  in this case is carried out through binocular

  and the main objective.

  The image recovery and the pupillary inversion are performed either by an optical device composed of two field lenses and a triplet, or by a direct vision rectifying prism, one or the other being intercorporated so adequate in the adapter

according to the invention.

  Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the

  following description of two examples of

  FIG. 1 shows an operating microscope with an ophthalmoscopic adapter according to the invention in which the optical system for image recovery and pupillary inversion is performed. as a corresponding lens device; Figure 2 shows on a larger scale 1 C the adapter according to Figure 1 with the corresponding lens device; FIG. 3 is a section of the lens device according to FIG. 2 with the corresponding designations of the rays, thicknesses and spacings of the lenses; and

  Figure 4 shows an ophthalmic adapter

  moscopy according to the invention with a direct vision rectifying prism for the recovery of the image and

pupillary interchange.

  Due, Figure 1 represents a microscope of

  13 in front of the main objective 5a, 5b of which is placed the ophthalmoscopic adapter 1 according to the invention, in which is housed an optical system 14 for the

  image recovery and pupillary interchange.

  I Atadapter 1 comprises, on the side directed towards the eye 2, an opthalmoscopic lens 8 which produces a vertically and laterally inverted image of the bottom of the eye 3 concerned in a first intermediate image plane Z El The optical system 14 , planned as a result and trained

  in this example by a lens device, re-

  draws this image and reproduces it laterally at

  the place in a second intermediate image plane ZE 2.

  It is the image in this last plane that is observed by

  the operating microscope 13 itself This micros-

  cope is of known structure.

  door, behind the main lens 5 a, b common, magnification changers 6 al b as well as tube lenses 16a, b and rectifying prisms 7a, b for the two separate beams Stereoscopic observation

  is performed by the binocular tubes 4 a, b

  D a main objective 5 a, b common for both

  beams of observation is not specific to the invention

  a separate objective could also be

  for each of the two observation beams.

  FIG. 1 further shows a lens 15 that is movable in translation along the optical axis between the optical system 14 and the objective-side end of the adapter 1. This lens 15 makes it possible to focus on the segment of interest. of the eye 2 without having to change anything under the microscope 13 itself With the aid of a suitable pivoting device, not shown in FIG. 1, the operating microscope can thus be used , choose, in the way

  classic or for eye surgery.

  FIG. 2 shows separately the adapter 1 according to the invention, containing the optical system for image recovery and pupil reversal, which system is embodied in this example as a multi-lens optical device 9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b The ophthalmoscopic lens 8, placed on the patient's eye side of the adapter 1, provides in the intermediate image plane ZE 1 an inverted image in the up and down direction and in the lateral direction of the concerned part of the eye Using the following five lenses 9a, 10, 11, 12 and 9b, this image is reproduced on a 1: 1 scale,

  in the intermediate image plane ZE 2, with the orienta-

  exact reproduction in the vertical direction and laterally The actual reproduction is provided by a triplet consisting of two lenses of positive power, L 3 and

  Ll, designated respectively by 10 and 12 and one

  L 2 of negative power placed between them and denoted by 11 Two other lenses, Ai and A 2, designated respectively by 9a and 9b, act as field lenses As already mentioned, the focus on the segment of interest of the eye is made inside the adapter 1 with the lens 15 movable in translation along the axis

  The image produced in the intermediate image plane

  ZE 2 is observed by the operating microscope 13. To be able to house the optical device in a suitable adapter whose length is not

  too important, it is possible to

  parts of the optical device not linear-

  one after the other, but in such a way that the reproduction beam is diverted within

the adapter.

  For a lens system consisting of a triplet (L1: f1; L2: f2L3: f3) and two field lenses (Al: 9a, A 2: 9b) and corrected for chromatic aberration for the wavelengths 436 nm, 480 nm, 546 nm and 644 nm in the visible spectral range, the ratios of the achievable focal lengths are, for a focal length of the main objective of 200 mm, in the domains following: f 3: f 1 = l 0.9 2.0 l -2: f 1 = l 0.4 0.63 Within these ranges, an acceptable length of an ophthalmoscopic adapter can be obtained offering a field of work as large as possible under the operating microscope Good quality of reproduction by the optical device is guaranteed in addition.

  According to several adequate examples, the

  9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b used in the optical device have, with respect to their radii, di di thicknesses and mutual spacings di, as well as the refractive indices N (546 nm) and the coefficients a of Abbe te kinds of glass used, sets

  of characteristic data appearing respectively in Tables 1, 2 and 3 at the end of the description, or values which, in accordance with these sets of characteristic data, lead to a good result.

  of comparable reproduction by the variation of certain parameters. FIG. 3 shows a section of the optical device according to FIG. 2 with the designations of the

  1 spokes rii thicknesses d and spacings d of the len

  i, as they appear in the sets of

  Characteristic data in Tables 1-3.

  Figure 4 shows a second example of

  embodiment of an adapter 1 according to the invention,

  1 J nant an optical system, for image recovery and pupillary interchange, which is realized in this case as a direct vision rectification prism system 17 More precisely, the intermediate image of the fundus of the eye or from regions close to him from the body

  no vitreous of the eye, produced by the lens of opthalmos-

  copy 8, is straightened immediately behind the first ZEI intermediate image plane by a Schmidt-Péchan direct-view prism with a roof ridge 17, which also reverses the observation beams. It is also possible to use a mirror system functionally equivalent The arrangement of the prism

  rectifier 17 at this point, where the stereo beams

  copics are still intertwined, allows a

  very compact truction prism 17, so also the adapter 1 according to the invention, since the beam

  total has its smallest extent here.

  The adapter 1 according to the invention further comprises a focusing lens 15 between the rectifier prism 17 and the objective-side end of the adapter As in the first example, this lens 15 is movable in translation along the optical axis and is used for

  focus on the segment of interest of the eye.

Table 1

f 3: fâl = 2.0, -f 2: f 1 = 0.545)

  len radius space ind refr of coeff.

  ## EQU1 ## where: ## EQU1 ## where: ## EQU1 ## where: ## EQU2 ## r 5 = -140.0550 r 6 = -8.7223 2 v L 2 r 7 = 5.7935 rs = 925.3580 L 3 r = -12.3-903 r 10 = 86.8200 Ai r1 = 17, 1400 O r 2 = -31.4353 12 = _ rd 1 = 3,000 d 2 = 1,000 d 3 = 30,750 d 4 = 2,500 d 6 = 0,600 d 8 = 2,500 d 10 = 1,000 d 1 11 = 3,000 d 5 = 1,948 d 7 = 6.175 d 9 = 27.530

1.68637

1.81265

44.2, 2

1.80730

46.1

1.81265

2

1.80730

46.1 f, 81265

1.68637

, 44.2

Table 2

(f 3: f 1 = 1 66, -f 2: f 1 = 0.56)

  Lens radius thickness spacing ind refr. Coeff.

  m / mm d / mm / mm (546 nm) of Abbe e r 1 A 2 r 2 r. r 4 Ll r. L 2 r., Ra L 3 r 9 r r r r r r '

= 42,9911

= -18.9821

= -59.2871

= 7.9988

= 106.2270

= -9.5154

= 7.7269

= 148.7780

= 11.5635

= 86.8223

L = 17.1339

È = 28.2267

  dt = 1.696 d = 1.848 d 1 = 32.070 d A = 2.500 d 6 = O 600 due = 4.940 d 8 = 2.500 d 10 = 0.848 d 11 = 1.696

1.68637

1.81265

44.2, 2

1.80730

46.1 d == 2.620

1.81265

2

1.80730

46.1d 9 = 28.490

1, 81265

1.68637

, 2 44.2 1 1

Table 3

(f 3: f = 0.88, -f 2: fl = 0.40)

  Lens radius thickness spacing ind refr. Coeff.

  ri / mm di / mm di / mm n (546 nm) of Abbe er 1 = A 2 r 2 = r = r 4 = LI r 5 = r 6 = L 2 r 7 = r 8 = L 3 r = r 10 = Al r = r 12 =, 5000

-1 _ 8.9820

-59.2870

, 9576, 5546

-6.0844

, 4845

17.7756

-8.1069

86.8200

17.1400

  , 5299 dl = 3,000 d 2 = 1,000 d 3 = 31,687 d 4 = 2,500 d 6 = ', 000 d 8 = 2,500 d 10 = 1,000 d 11 = 3,000 dr = 3,277 -J d 7 = 2,333 d 9 = 23,117

1.68637

1.81265

44.2, 2

1.61521

58.4

1.65222

33.6

1.61521

58.4

1.81265

1.68637

, 44.2

Claims (6)

  An ophthalmoscopic adapter (1) for an operating microscope (13) comprising a main objective (5a, b) and one or more stereoscopic observation tubes (4a, b), characterized in that one or more Ophthalmoscopic lenses (8) are provided in the adapter (1) for the reproduction of the fundus of the eye or regions of the vitreous body of the eye. an optical system (14; 9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b; 17) for image recovery and reversal of   observation beams is placed behind the len   ophthalmoscopy (8) or ophthalmic lenses   moscopy and a lens (15) movable in translation along the optical axis, for focusing on the portion of interest of the eye, is provided between the optical system (14; 9a, 10, 11 , 12, 9b, 17) and   the lens side end of the ophthalmic adapter moscopy (1).   2 Ophthalmoscopic adapter (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical system is in the form of an optical device consisting of two field lenses (9 a, b) and a triplet interposed between they consist of two lenses of positive power (10, 12) and one   negative power lens (11) located between them.   Ophthalmoscopic adapter (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the optical system (9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b) provides a 1: 1 reproduction of the intermediate image. produced by the ophthalmoscopic lens (8).   4 Ophthalmoscopic Adapter (1) for a microscope   operation whose main objective has a focal length of 200 mm, according to any of the   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for a   corrected chromatic aberration lens array comprising a triplet (10, 11, 12) and two field lenses (9a, 9b), the ratios of focal lengths (f 3: f 1) and ( -f 2 f) lenses of the triplet (Lil: 12, fl; L 2:11, f 2; L 3:10, f 3) are included in the following areas: (f 3: f) = l 0,9 2.0 l 2- f = 0.61 Ophthalmoscope adapter <X according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lenses (9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b) used in the optical device have, for the lens rays r 1, the lens thicknesses d, the lens spacings d as well as the refractive indices N (546 nm) and the Abbe coefficients of the e kinds of lenses. used glass, the characteristic data shown in Table 1 below: Table i   lf 3 = 2 'O, _ 2: fi = 0, -545) 3 1 2 e   ies Layon thickness ind room refr. coeff.   D lleri / mm di / mm ment n (546 nm) Abbe di / mm Te L e 1 = 42,9911 A 2 r 2 = -18,9821 r 3 = -59,2871 r 4 = 6,4576 L 1 r 5 = -140.0550 r 6 = -8.7223 L 2 r 7 = 5.7935 r 8 = 925.3580 L 3 r 29 = -12.3903 r 10 = 86.8200 Al rll = 17, 1400 r 12 = -31.4353 d 1 = 3,000 d 2 = 1,000 d 4 = 2,500 d 5 = 1,948 d 6 = 0,600 d 7 = 6,175 d 8 = 2,500 dlo = 1,000 d 11 = 3,000 d 9 = 27.530 1.68637 1.81265 44.2, 2 U 3 = 30.750 1.80730 46.1 1.81265 2 1.80730 1.81265 1.68637   , 2 44,2 6 Ophthalmoscopic advisor (1) according to one   Any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that   that the lenses (9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b) used in the optical device have, for the lens r-rays, the di-lens thicknesses, the di-lens spacings and the N-refraction indices. (546 nm) and the Abbe coefficients of the e kinds of glass used, the data given in Table 2: Sf = f = 0.56)   Lens radius thickness spacing ind refr. Coeff.   m / mm dd / mmd / mm (546 nm) Abbe r = 42.9911 d 1 = 1.696 1.68637 44.2 A 2 R 9 = -18.9821 d = 1 848 1 81265 25 2 3 = -59.2871   d = 32.070 r 4 = 7 9988 L dn 4 = 1, 5500 1.0730 46, 1 r = 106.2270 d = 2 620 D r = -9.5154 L 2 d = 0, 600 1.81265 , 2 r 7 = 7.7269 d 7 = 4.940 r 8 = 148.7780 L 3 d 8 = 2.500 180730 46.1 r 9 = 11 5635 d 9 = 28.490 r 10 = 86 8223 d 10 = 0.848 1.81265 25 , 2 A 1 rl = 17,1339 d 1 = 1,696 1 68637 44 2 r 12 = 28,2267 7 Ophthalmoscopic adapter (1) according to one of   any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that   the lenses (9a, 10, 11, 12, 9b) used in the optical device have, for the lens rays ri, the di lens thicknesses, the di lens spacings and the N refraction indices ( 546 nm) and the Abbe coefficients of the glass types employed, the characteristic data indicated in the following Table 3: "Table 3 (f 3: f 1 = 0.88, -f 2: f 1 = 0.40)   Lens radius thickness spacing ind refr. Coeff.   m / mm dd / mm / mm (546 nm) Abbe = 30,5000 d 1 = 3,000 1.68637 44.2 A 2 r = 18.9820 d 2 = 1,000 L, 81265 25.2 r 3 = -59.2870 d = 31.687 r, = 5.9576 T 1 d Ld 4 = 2, 500 1.61521 58.4 r 5 = 50.5546 d 5 = 3.277 r 6 = -6 , 0844 L 2 d 6 = 1,000 1.65222 33.6 r, = 5, 4845 d 7 = 2.333 r B = 17.7756 L 3 d 8 = 2.500 1, 61521 58.4 r 9 = -8.1069 d 9 = 23.117 ri = 86.8200 d 10 = 1.000 1.81265 25.2 At 1 ril = 17.1400 d 11 = 3.000 1.68637 44.2, 5299 r 12 = 8 Ophthalmoscopic adapter (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical system is embodied as a direct vision rectification prism system, or as a functionally equivalent mirror system, which produces a   image recovery and reversal of observation cages.   9 Ophthalmoscopic adapter (1A according to claim 8, characterized in that the optical system is constructed as a Schmidt-Pechan roof-ridge prism (17) or as a system   of mirror with a corresponding step of the rays.   Ophthalmoscopic adapter (1) according to one   any of the preceding claims, characterized   in that it is likely to be positioned in front of the main objective (5 a, b) of an operating microscope   (13) using a pivoting device.   he Microscope of operation including an adaptation   ophthalmoscopy machine according to any one of the   previous indications, characterized by its use in eye surgery to produce an image   enlarged bottom of the eye or parts of the vitreous body.