JPS63143519A - Stereoscopic microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To position the mutual observation direction between two stereoscopic observation optical systems freely by coupling the 2nd stereoscopic observation optical system with an objective through an optical axis deflecting means provided nearby the 1st stereoscopic observation optical system. CONSTITUTION:A main inspecting person observes an object part through one group of zoom lenses 2a and 2b, oculars 4a and 4b, and the objective and a subordinate inspecting person observes it through another group of zoom lenses, oculars, and the optical path deflecting prism 5. The optical axis O of the lens 1 and the center line M of the main observation system are eccentric, and the main and subordinate inspecting persons observe it in directions T and U respectively to obtain their use areas A and Aa; and the hatched area above the lens 1 is a free area, wherein a lighting optical system is arranged. The use areas and lighting area are arrayed efficiently above the lens 1 to reduce the external diameter of the lens and preclude stray light. Further, only one objective is required for the subordinate optical system, so different operation distance is easily obtained by replacing the objective.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a stereomicroscope that is used, for example, in surgery and is equipped with a second observation optical system that can quickly assist the operator during surgery. It is.

[Prior Art] Stereo microscopes are widely used for medical purposes such as surgeries and examinations, research purposes, and industrial purposes, and are useful for improving precision and safety during surgeries.

Generally, when performing a surgery using a surgical microscope, an assistant assists the surgeon while observing from the side. For this reason, the assistant must constantly observe the same affected area as the surgeon in stereoscopic vision. However, in conventional stereo microscopes of this type, the assistant's observation optical system is located far away from the operator's observation direction.
In the design of Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-39364, which corrects the structure that does not allow stereoscopic viewing and eliminates this problem, the assistant can perform almost the same stereoscopic observation as the surgeon; The assistant can only be positioned in a fixed direction, which limits the range of movement of the assistant. The present applicant has already proposed a patent application aimed at improving this limitation on the movable range, but it is still not sufficient.

Prior to explaining the present invention, a conventional example will be explained.

FIG. 4 shows the optical system of a conventional surgical microscope, in which the affected area E is viewed three-dimensionally from two eyepieces 4a and 4b by the surgeon via an objective lens, two sets of zoom lenses 2a and 2b, and a beam splitter 3a and 3b. Visually observed. On the other hand, when the assistant observes the affected area E, the assistant should place the surgeon's ! l! It is possible to observe from different directions L, or to separate the light beams from one direction of the left and right eye observation systems via a beam splitter 3b.

When observing from the L direction, it is impossible to view the affected area E with sufficient stereoscopic effect, and when observing from the L° direction, the patient ff1E is viewed at a different angle than the surgeon. When replacing the objective lens L with one having a different focal length, it is also necessary to replace the objective lens of the microscope provided in the L' direction. Furthermore, in order to observe the same field of view as before replacement, the direction L° must be readjusted.

FIG. 5 shows another conventional example in which the assistant can also see stereoscopically, and when viewed from the direction of the optical axis O of the objective lens 1, the use area A of the objective lens l of the operator's observation optical system and the assistant's observation optical system. and the usage area Aa are fixed at positions forming an angle of 90° with each other. Therefore, in the conventional examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a problem arises in that the degree of freedom of position described above cannot be obtained.

FIG. 6 shows a conventional example according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 81-18736, which was proposed by the present applicant in order to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and the affected area E is the same as in the case of FIG.
set of zoom lenses 2a, 2b-beam splitter 3a,
3b. Observed by the operator via eyepieces 4a and 4b. On the other hand, the assistant examines the affected area E using objective lens No. 1, zoom lenses 2a' and 2b', mirrors 5a and 5b, and eyepiece 4.
a', 4b'(2b', 5b, 4b' are not shown), and the area Aa used in the objective lens l of the observation optical system for the assistant is as shown in FIG. It is rotatable relative to the optical system for users. That is, in FIG. 7, with respect to the usage area A of the operator's observation optical system, the usage area Aa of the assistant's observation optical system is a pair of areas A and Aa for the left and right eyes around the optical axis 0 of the objective lens l. will rotate as a set.

The conventional examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are significantly improved compared to the previous two examples from the viewpoint of the degree of freedom of the assistant's position. However, since the use areas A and Aa of both observation optical systems are rotatably installed in the same space, there is still a limit to the rotation range of area Aa with respect to area A. In particular, in microsurgery in brain surgery, etc., we often observe deep holes, and the distance gI between the pair of optical systems in Figure 6
Since d cannot be made larger than necessary, the rotation range of the usage area Aa is limited. In addition, in recent years, with the increasing precision of surgeries, etc., microscopes that are particularly bright and can see well have been desired, so it is inappropriate to reduce the diameters of the zoom lenses 2a and 2b. The disadvantage is that the range is limited. Furthermore,
In the conventional example shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the use areas A and Aa of the two sets of observation optical systems occupy the periphery of the optical axis O of the objective lens 1.

There is a drawback that an area for arranging an illumination system for illuminating the affected area E, a so-called coaxial illumination system, cannot be provided.

[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic microscope in which mutual observation directions of two stereoscopic observation optical systems for the same subject can be freely positioned.

[Summary of the Invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is to provide two sets of stereoscopic observation optical systems, a first and a second, and an illumination illumination for illuminating a test object behind a common objective optical system. an optical axis deflecting means for the second stereoscopic observation optical system is provided near either the left or right optical system of the first stereoscopic observation optical system,
The stereoscopic microscope is characterized in that the second stereoscopic observation optical system is optically coupled to the optical axis deflecting means.

[Embodiments of the Invention] The present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a stereomicroscope.The configuration of the main observation optical system is almost the same as the conventional example shown in Figure 4, but an optical axis deflecting prism is installed on the side between the objective lens 1 and the zoom lens 2b. two sets of zoom lenses 2a', 2b'-
A sub-observation optical system consisting of eyepieces 4a' and 4b'(2b' and 4b' are not shown) is provided.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, when viewed from the direction of the optical axis 0 of the objective lens 1, the base lines of the use areas A and Aa on the objective lens l of the main observation optical system and the sub-observation optical system are T-shaped. Furthermore, the optical axis 0 of the objective lens l is decentered from the center line M of the base line of the main observation optical system, and for example, the sub observation optical system rotates around the optical axis 0', which is close to the main observation optical system. It is arranged rotatably in the direction B. As shown in FIG. 3, in the illumination optical system, light emitted from an illumination light source 6 is transmitted through a condenser lens 7, an aperture 8, a prism 9, and a prism lens 1.
0, and the test area E is further illuminated through an objective lens l. At this time, the prism lens lO is located in a part of the shaded area shown in FIG. 2, and forms the image of the aperture 8 at the focal position of the objective lens 1.

In a stereomicroscope with such a configuration, the main examiner observes the examination area E from the T direction in Figure 2, and the assistant examiner from the U direction. Since the arrangement is as shown in FIG. 2, the shaded area on the objective lens 1 becomes a free area, and a coaxial illumination optical system that illuminates the test area E via the objective lens 1 can be installed here. becomes possible.

Here, since the optical axis 0 of the objective lens 1 is decentered from the center line M of the base line of the main observation optical system, the use areas A and Aa of the main observation optical system and the sub observation optical system are efficiently arranged on the objective lens 1. In addition, it is possible to reduce the outer diameter and thickness of the objective lens l. Reducing the thickness of the objective lens 1 not only reduces the weight of the lens and makes the lens less expensive, but also reduces the amount of reflected light L1 and L2 of the illumination light on each surface of the objective lens 1 shown in Fig. 3 to each observation optical system. It has the effect of preventing contamination. When the objective lens l becomes thicker and the reflective surface becomes farther away from each observation optical system, the amount of stray light mixed in increases, making clear observation of the object to be examined impossible.

In addition, since the same objective lens 1 is used for the main observation optical system and the sub-observation optical system, it can be used as a stereomicroscope with a different working distance by simply replacing the objective lens 1 with one with a different focal length. . As a method to increase the degree of freedom of the sub-examiner in the observation direction, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Although it was designed to be able to freely rotate in the direction of arrow B around the optical axis O' on the side where
In addition, setting the rotation center of the sub-observation optical system to 0° of the optical axis on the side adjacent to the main observation optical system avoids interference with the main observation optical system and improves coaxiality. It is effective in that it allows

Furthermore, if the sub-observation optical system and the objective lens 1 can be arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the center line M of the base line of the main observation optical system, in FIG. It is now possible to position it approximately 90 degrees to the left of the main examiner, which increases the degree of freedom for the assistant examiner in the observation direction. A mount having a symmetrical plane may be provided, and the sub-observation optical system and the objective lens 1 may be made detachable.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the stereomicroscope according to the present invention allows two sets of observation optical systems and coaxial illumination optical systems to be arranged with high coaxiality at the same time without mutual interference, Two people can perform stereoscopic observation at the same time. Also,
Since the prism lens of the coaxial illumination optical system and the deflection prism of the sub-observation optical system can be positioned at the same height with respect to the optical axis direction of the stereomicroscope, the overall length of the stereomicroscope can be shortened. Furthermore, it is possible to set the desired working distance without sacrificing performance by simply replacing the objective lens, and there is a high degree of freedom in positioning the sub-observation optical system relative to the main observation optical system, allowing the main examiner and sub-examiner to The examiner can perform surgery under the microscope in a comfortable position.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Drawings 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a stereomicroscope according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows the relative positional relationship between the objective lens and the observation optical system. 3 are diagrams showing the relative positional relationship between the objective lens and the illumination optical system, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the first conventional example, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the second conventional example, and FIG. The figure is a configuration diagram of the third conventional example, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram thereof. 1 is an objective lens, 2 is a zoom optical system, 4 is an eyepiece lens, 5 is an optical axis deflection prism, 6 is an illumination light source, and 10 is a prism lens. Patent applicant Canon Co., Ltd. Figure 4 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two sets of first and second stereoscopic observation optical systems and an illumination system for illuminating the object are arranged behind a common objective optical system,
Optical axis deflection means for the second stereoscopic observation optical system is provided near either the left or right optical system of the first stereoscopic observation optical system, and the optical axis deflection means is provided with an optical axis deflecting means for the second stereoscopic observation optical system. A stereoscopic microscope characterized by optically combining a visual observation optical system. 2. The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the common objective optical systems are provided, and the plurality of objective optical systems are interchangeable. 3. The optical axis deflecting means and the second stereoscopic observation optical system are integrated, and the periphery of the adjacent optical system of either the left or right optical system of the first stereoscopic observation optical system is The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, which is rotatable within a predetermined angular range. 4. The rotation axis of the rotation is close to the second stereoscopic observation optical system of either the left or right optical system of the first stereoscopic observation optical system with respect to the optical axis of the common objective optical system. The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 3, wherein the optical system on the side is eccentrically provided in the optical axis direction. 5. The optical axis of the common objective optical system is decentered toward the second stereoscopic observation optical system with respect to the base line center of the first stereoscopic observation optical system. The stereomicroscope described. 6. The second stereoscopic observation optical system is detachable from the first stereoscopic observation optical system, and is located symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the base line of the first stereoscopic observation optical system. A stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, which can be attached to a stereomicroscope.