JP3197449B2 - Waste material crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste material crushing apparatus mainly for crushing plate-like waste materials such as outer wall materials and roof materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in the construction of wooden houses, the outer wall and roofing materials are made of foamed concrete or lightweight cellular concrete for reasons such as shortening the construction period and improving fire resistance and decorativeness. And siding materials such as gypsum board are widely used. Such outer wall materials and roof materials have a thickness of 5
In general, a board-shaped standard product having a thickness of about 0 mm, which is transported to the site, is drilled and cut before construction, and then attached with a wood screw, a screw nail, or the like. Further, plate-like waste materials generated during the processing are treated as industrial waste.

[0003]

However, when such an outer wall material or a roof material is used, a large amount of waste material is generated at the time of processing. However, since such waste material is plate-shaped, it is bulky and has a strong fire resistance. Therefore, secondary use is also difficult, and the burden of processing costs and management costs at construction sites is large.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to provide a waste material crushing apparatus capable of finely crushing plate-like waste materials of outer wall materials and roof materials on site. I do.

[0005]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first crushing roller for biting and crushing a plate-like waste material supplied into an apparatus is provided. A second crushing roller for engaging the crushed waste material with the crushing roller to crush the waste material, wherein the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller extend in opposite directions and rotate in different directions from each other; A pair of rollers, each of which has a roller shaft and a plurality of protrusions that are provided at intervals in the direction in which the roller shaft extends, and that project in line with the rotation direction of the roller shaft. A plurality of teeth provided on the circumference, wherein the plurality of teeth provided on one side of the pair of rollers and the plurality of teeth provided on the other side are alternately arranged along an extending direction of the roller shaft. , The second grinding
The multiple protrusions of the roller may be pyramidal or conical.
It has a pointed shape and its tip is
Between the roller and the peripheral surface of the opposite roller due to the rotation of the roller.
The material was crushed .

Further, the plurality of protrusions of the second crushing roller are formed in a prismatic portion and a pyramid integrally formed thereon.
Preferably has a part, further, the pair of rollers constituting the second grinding roller is desirable that rotate at different speeds.

[0007]

In the above construction, the plate-like waste material supplied into the apparatus is once pulverized by the first pulverizing roller and then pulverized again by the second pulverizing roller. At this time, the waste material pulverized by the first pulverizing roller is further pulverized by the second pulverizing roller. That is, since the plate-like waste material is pulverized in a plurality of stages, the plate-like waste material can be turned into fine waste material by a single pulverization process.

[0008] Moreover, the tip ends of the plurality of projections of the teeth of the second grinding roller, a pyramid shape or a conical shape tip pointed shape der because of the second grinding roller, the first grinding roller When the crushed waste material is bitten once and crushed again, the force applied to the waste material is concentrated at one point. Therefore, when the waste material pulverized by the second pulverizing roller is not pointed like the pyramid or the cone ,
That is, it is finer than when the tip is flat or curved.

Further, when the pair of rollers constituting the second crushing roller rotate at different speeds, the waste material crushed by the second crushing roller is between the pair of rollers, more specifically, on one side. In addition to being crushed between the roller shaft of the roller and the tooth of the other roller, the roller is crushed. Therefore, the waste material pulverized by the second pulverizing roller becomes finer.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 are views showing a waste material crushing apparatus 1 according to the present invention. A work table 3 extending in a substantially horizontal direction is provided on the front side of a main body 2 of the waste material crushing apparatus 1. Inside the main body 2, there are provided a pair of feed rollers 4, 4, which extend near the base end of the work table 3 and face each other in the width direction of the work table 3. Both lower ends of the pair of feed rollers 4 and 4 are rotatably supported by the main body 2, and both upper ends are rotatably supported by a first bearing plate 5 supported by the main body 2 so as to be vertically movable. (See FIG. 2). Above the first bearing plate 5, a first adjusting lever 6
A boss 7 is rotatably supported, and the boss 7 has a lower end connected to the first bearing plate 5 while ensuring a predetermined play in the vertical direction at an upper end of a first adjusting screw 8. But,
It is screwed so that it can move up and down. A spring (not shown) that constantly urges the first bearing plate 5 downward is externally inserted into the first adjustment screw 8. Thus, the plate-like waste material supplied from the work table 3 can be pressed by the pair of feed rollers 4 and 4, and the pressure can be adjusted by rotating the first adjustment lever 6.

Further, inside the main body 2, there are provided first grinding rollers 10, 10 which are located on the rear side of the feed rollers 4, 4 and extend opposite to each other and form a pair vertically. ing. The lower ends of the pair of crushing rollers 10 are rotatably supported by the main body 2, and the upper ends are
It is rotatably supported by a second bearing plate 11 supported on the main body 2 so as to be able to move up and down (see FIG. 2). Second bearing plate 11
A boss 13 of a second adjustment lever 12 is rotatably supported above the boss 13. A lower end of the boss 13 is provided with a second adjustment screw 14 connected to the second bearing plate 11. The upper end is screwed so that it can move up and down. Thus, by rotating the second adjustment lever 12, the upper positions of the pair of first crushing rollers 10, 10 can be adjusted up and down.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the first crushing rollers 10, 10 is provided with a roller shaft 15 having a hollow cross section and at a predetermined interval in the extending direction of the roller shaft 15. And a plurality of teeth 16 provided on the entire circumference. The plurality of teeth 16 are formed by a disk 17 having an open central portion, which is fitted and welded to the roller shaft 15. The periphery of the disk 17 is cut out at a plurality of places at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, so that a plurality of protrusions 18 are provided on the periphery of the disk 17 in the rotation direction of the roller shaft 15. Are formed at equal intervals. In the present embodiment, the central angle with respect to one projection 18 is set to 15 °. Further, in the first crushing rollers 10, 10, a plurality of teeth 16 provided on one of them are set so as to be located between a plurality of teeth 16 provided on the other side. ing. Further, the first crushing roller 10,
10 are separated so that the peripheral edges of both teeth 16... (The peripheral edges of the projections 18...) Are aligned on the same straight line, and the amount of the separation can be adjusted by operating the second adjustment lever 14 described above. It has become.

Further, inside the main body 2, the second crushing rollers 2 are located below the first crushing rollers 10, 10 and extend opposite to each other and form a pair in front and rear.
0 and 20 are provided. Both ends of the crushing rollers 20 are rotatably supported by the main body 2. Second
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, each of the pulverizing rollers 20, 20 has a roller shaft 21 having a hollow cross section and a plurality of teeth 22 provided at regular intervals in the direction in which the roller shaft 21 extends.・ ・The plurality of teeth 22 are formed by a plurality of bits 24 which are fitted and welded to the roller shaft 21 and are welded at regular intervals around the entire circumference of a disk 23 having a central opening. ing. Multiple bits 24
.. Constitute a projection of the present invention, and have a pointed tip having a prismatic portion 24a welded to the disk 23 and a pyramid portion 24b integrally formed thereon. ing. In addition, the second crushing rollers 20, 20 are connected to the tip of the bit 24 on one roller shaft 21,
The interval is set so that a very small gap is formed between the roller shaft 21 and the peripheral surface of the other roller shaft 21.

As shown in FIG. 2, comb-shaped plates 25, 25 are provided in the main body 2 of the waste material crushing device 1 above the second crushing rollers 20, 20. I have. This plate 25 is provided with the respective crushing rollers 20,
20 for scraping crushed waste material clogged in grooves formed between a plurality of teeth 22 of 20.
Each piece 26, divided into a plurality of pieces of the plates 25, 25,
26 extend between the plurality of teeth 22. Although not shown, the plurality of teeth 16...
In order to prevent the waste material from clogging the groove formed between them, a plate having the same structure as the plates 25 is provided. Further, in the main body 2, waste materials pulverized by the first pulverizing rollers 10
Guide plate (not shown) for feeding the upper part between 0 and 20
And a discharge plate 27 extending from a discharge port 2a opened downward on the back side of the main body 2 and discharging the waste material pulverized by the second pulverizing rollers 20, 20 to the outside of the main body 2.

On the other hand, the waste material crushing apparatus 1 is provided with an engine 31 on the side of the main body 2, and a reduction gear 33 to which the rotational force of the engine 31 is transmitted via a clutch 32 is provided near the engine 31. Is provided. The engine 31 and the clutch 32, and the clutch 32 and the speed reducer 33
Means that the rotational force is transmitted via each belt. Then, from the output shaft 34 of the speed reducer 33,
Feed rollers 4 and 4 described above, first crushing roller 1
The rotational force is transmitted to the 0, 10 and second crushing rollers 20, 20, and each pair of rollers, as indicated by the arrow in FIG.
They are rotated in different directions. Also, the feed rollers 4 and 4 and the first crushing rollers 10 and 1
0, the rotation speed of the pair of rollers in the second crushing rollers 20, 20 is the same. The transmission of the rotational force from the output shaft 34 to each roller is performed by a transmission mechanism using a chain and a gear.

In this embodiment having the above structure, the engine 31 is started to rotate the feed rollers 4 and 4, the first crushing rollers 10 and 10, and the second crushing rollers 20 and 20. When the waste material is inserted from the work table 3 into the feed rollers 4 and 4, the waste material is drawn into the apparatus by the feed rollers 4 and 4. Then, the drawn waste material is bitten by the first crushing rollers 10, 10, is bitten by a plurality of teeth 16,.
., Are pulverized by being interleaved with a plurality of alternating teeth 22. At this time, the waste material crushed by the first crushing rollers 10 and 10 is further crushed by the second crushing rollers 20 and 20. That is, since the plate-like waste material is pulverized in the two-stage pulverization process, fine waste material can be extremely easily formed by a single pulverization process. Therefore, by using the waste material crushing apparatus 1, it is possible to reduce the space required for collecting waste materials at the construction site, the transportation cost, and the processing cost.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of bits 2 of the teeth 22...
.. Have a sharp tip, the second crushing rollers 20, 20 bite the waste material once crushed by the first crushing rollers 10, 10 and crush it again. Sometimes, the force applied to the waste material concentrates on one point.
Therefore, the waste material pulverized by the second pulverizing rollers 20, 20 is finer than when the tips of the bits 24 are not sharp, that is, when the tips are flat or curved. In the apparatus of the present embodiment,
In the case of a gypsum board with a thickness of about 50 mm, the outer dimensions are 1
It is about 5 to 25 mm. Therefore, the amount of waste material after pulverization can be further reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, the pair of rollers constituting the second crushing rollers 20, 20 has a structure in which they are rotated at the same speed. In the case of 20, it is preferable to rotate at different speeds, for example, at a ratio of 1: 2. In this case, the waste material to be pulverized by the second pulverizing rollers 20, 20 is formed between the pair of rollers, more specifically, between the roller shaft 21 of one roller and the teeth 22 of the other roller. Not only will it be crushed in between, it will be crushed. Therefore, the waste material pulverized by the second pulverizing rollers 20 and 20 becomes finer. Therefore, the above-mentioned effect becomes remarkable, and at the same time, the use in the case of secondary use of the crushed waste material according to the material is expanded.

In this embodiment, only the plurality of bits 24... Of the second crushing rollers 20 have the sharpened tip. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
The protrusions 18 on the side of the crushing rollers 10, 10 may be shaped to have a sharpened tip. In the present embodiment, the first crushing rollers 10 and 10 and the second crushing rollers 20 and 2
0, that is, the plate-like waste material can be sufficiently finely pulverized only by the two-stage pulverization process, thereby reducing the size of the apparatus. However, the present invention is not limited to this. , 20 having the same structure as that of the third embodiment, and in which the distance between the plurality of teeth and the size of the projection are sequentially reduced.
The crushing roller and the fourth crushing roller may be separately provided.

[0020]

As described above, in the waste material crushing apparatus of the present invention, a plate-like waste material can be turned into fine waste material by a single crushing process. This makes it possible to reduce the space required for collecting waste materials at the construction site, as well as the transportation cost and the processing cost.

[0021] Moreover, the tip ends of the plurality of projections of the teeth in the second crushing roller is a shape having a sharp tip, such as a pyramid shape or a conical shape, it can be a plate-shaped waste material into smaller shapes Therefore, the amount of waste material after pulverization can be further reduced. At the same time, the size of the device can be reduced.

Further, when the pair of rollers constituting the second crushing roller rotate at different speeds from each other, the plate-shaped waste material can be made finer.
Therefore, the above-mentioned effect becomes remarkable, and at the same time, the use in the case of secondary use of the crushed waste material is expanded.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing a first grinding roller in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a second grinding roller in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 waste material crushing device 4 feed roller 10, 10 first crushing roller 15 roller shaft 16 teeth 18 protrusion 20, 20 second crushing roller 22 teeth 24 bits (protrusion) 31 engine 33 speed reducer

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02C 4/00-4/44 B02C 13/00-13/31 B02C 18/00-18/44

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A first crushing roller configured to bite and pulverize a plate-like waste material supplied into the apparatus; and a second crushing roller configured to bite and pulverize the waste material crushed by the first crushing roller. Wherein the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller each comprise a pair of rollers extending in opposite directions and rotating in mutually different directions, and each of the pair of rollers has a roller shaft and A plurality of teeth provided at intervals in the direction in which the roller shaft extends, and a plurality of protrusions protruding side by side in the direction of rotation of the roller shaft and provided on the entire circumference; The plurality of teeth provided on one side and the plurality of teeth provided on the other side are alternately arranged along an extending direction of the roller shaft , and the second pulverizing roller
The multiple projections have a pointed tip such as a pyramid or cone
With a pair of rollers
Pressing waste material between the roller and the peripheral surface of the roller
Waste material crusher characterized by crushing. 2. The waste material crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions in the second crushing roller are a prism and a pyramid formed integrally therewith. 3. The waste material crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of rollers constituting the second crushing roller rotate at different speeds.